论我国连锁经营业发展中配送中心的建设
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摘要
连锁零售经营是当今世界上许多国家普遍采用的一种现代化商业经营形式，是市场经济发展到一定程度的产物。它有利于商业企业获得规模效益，实现经营集约化。配送中心在连锁经营中具有核心地位的作用，配送中心的功能是：汇集连锁门店的订货信息进行采购，从供货商手中接受多品种的大量商品，并进行储存保管、配货、分拣、流通加工、信息处理；按众多门店的要求，配齐商品，进行补货，以令人满意的服务，迅速、及时、准确、安全、低成本进行配送。由于我国连锁经营处于起步成长阶段，对配送中心的作用缺乏足够的认识和重视，统一配送功能滞后，这成了影响我国连锁经营业发展的根本原因。基于此，本文对我国连锁经营业发展过程中配送中心的建设问题进行了深入探讨。
全文共分为四章，第一章是全文的理论基石，首先探讨了连锁经营的定义、本质和基本特征，更用规模经济、专业分工以及交易费用这三个经济学理论对连锁经营进行了深入的分析，同时本章简要地说明了配送中心的定义、种类、形成过程；第二章在第一章的理论基础上，阐述了配送中心对连锁经营的作用，说明配送中心是连锁经营形成规模经济效益不可或缺的因素，但是通过分析，我们可以看出我国连锁企业物流配送的现状并不尽如人意；第三章探讨了连锁企业配送中心建设的思路，虽然配送中心的建设可以采取很多种方式，但改造批发企业这一途径更加符合我国的具体国情，可以有效地将传统的资源充分利用，另外本章还从各个角度分析了连锁企业配送中心的管理问题；最后一章是案例分析，本文选取日本神户生协连锁超市和华联超市作为典型例子，具体地阐述了连锁超市建立配送中心的方方面面。
希望本文能为我国连锁经营业的发展提供借鉴意义。
Chain operation nowadays is a kind of modernized business operation style adopted by plenty of countries in the world， and is the product of market economy that has developed to certain extent. It helps the commercial corporations obtain scale effects and realize the intensive operation. The distribution center has the function with key position in the chain operation. It’s functions are， to purchase on gathering the information of chain-stores， to receive a large variety of quantitative goods from suppliers， to store up， allocate goods， divide and pick out， handle information; and to assign goods， make replenishment according to the requirement of numerous stores， and finally to distribute goods promptly， precisely， safely and with satisfactory service and low cost. Because our country is at the outset and growing stage of chain operation， and is lack of enough recognition and emphasis of the function of the distribution center， so integrated distribution function is backward， and this is the essential reason that hinders the development of chain operation in our country. Based on this， this paper goes further into the construction of the distribution center in the development of our countries’ chain operation.
The paper consists of four chapters. The first chapter is the theoretical foundation of the whole paper， at first it explains the definition， essence and basic features of chain management， then makes a deep analysis with the three economy theories of scale economy， specialized division of labor， and transactional expenses， meanwhile this chapter briefly explains the definition， variety， forming process and function of the distribution center; the second chapter is based on the first one
theoretically， interprets the function of the distribution center to chain operation， makes clear that the distribution center is the indispensable factor of the developing of the scale effects of the chain operation， furthermore， indicates that the distribution situation of the chain operation is not so good; the third one suggests some methods of the construction of the distribution center of the chain operation， among these methods， reforming the wholesale companies is suitable for our national conditions， at the same time this chapter approaches the administration of the distribution center in the chain operation from different angles; the last chapter is case analysis， this paper chooses two cases separately from Japan and our country.
I hope it’s significant for development of the chain operation of our country.
全文共分为四章，第一章是全文的理论基石，首先探讨了连锁经营的定义、本质和基本特征，更用规模经济、专业分工以及交易费用这三个经济学理论对连锁经营进行了深入的分析，同时本章简要地说明了配送中心的定义、种类、形成过程；第二章在第一章的理论基础上，阐述了配送中心对连锁经营的作用，说明配送中心是连锁经营形成规模经济效益不可或缺的因素，但是通过分析，我们可以看出我国连锁企业物流配送的现状并不尽如人意；第三章探讨了连锁企业配送中心建设的思路，虽然配送中心的建设可以采取很多种方式，但改造批发企业这一途径更加符合我国的具体国情，可以有效地将传统的资源充分利用，另外本章还从各个角度分析了连锁企业配送中心的管理问题；最后一章是案例分析，本文选取日本神户生协连锁超市和华联超市作为典型例子，具体地阐述了连锁超市建立配送中心的方方面面。
希望本文能为我国连锁经营业的发展提供借鉴意义。
Chain operation nowadays is a kind of modernized business operation style adopted by plenty of countries in the world， and is the product of market economy that has developed to certain extent. It helps the commercial corporations obtain scale effects and realize the intensive operation. The distribution center has the function with key position in the chain operation. It’s functions are， to purchase on gathering the information of chain-stores， to receive a large variety of quantitative goods from suppliers， to store up， allocate goods， divide and pick out， handle information; and to assign goods， make replenishment according to the requirement of numerous stores， and finally to distribute goods promptly， precisely， safely and with satisfactory service and low cost. Because our country is at the outset and growing stage of chain operation， and is lack of enough recognition and emphasis of the function of the distribution center， so integrated distribution function is backward， and this is the essential reason that hinders the development of chain operation in our country. Based on this， this paper goes further into the construction of the distribution center in the development of our countries’ chain operation.
The paper consists of four chapters. The first chapter is the theoretical foundation of the whole paper， at first it explains the definition， essence and basic features of chain management， then makes a deep analysis with the three economy theories of scale economy， specialized division of labor， and transactional expenses， meanwhile this chapter briefly explains the definition， variety， forming process and function of the distribution center; the second chapter is based on the first one
theoretically， interprets the function of the distribution center to chain operation， makes clear that the distribution center is the indispensable factor of the developing of the scale effects of the chain operation， furthermore， indicates that the distribution situation of the chain operation is not so good; the third one suggests some methods of the construction of the distribution center of the chain operation， among these methods， reforming the wholesale companies is suitable for our national conditions， at the same time this chapter approaches the administration of the distribution center in the chain operation from different angles; the last chapter is case analysis， this paper chooses two cases separately from Japan and our country.
I hope it’s significant for development of the chain operation of our country.
引文
[1] 马克思、恩格斯，资本论，人民出版社， 1975
[2] 刘庆元，商业连锁经营和配送中心发展问题研究，东北财经大学出版社，1998
[3] 屈云波，超市营销，企业管理出版社，1999
[4] 叶杰刚，配送：运行与发展，经济管理出版社，1999
[5] 周勇，连锁超市经营，中国商业出版社，2000
[6] 近藤文男、中野安（日），日美营销创新，经济管理出版社，2000
[7] 李芳，我国连锁经营的现状、问题与对策，河南财政税务高等专科学校学报，2000（4）：20-21
[8] 李晓红，发展连锁经营的对策研究，商业研究，2000（4）：112-113
[9] 宋华，现代商业企业物流革新与发展，商业经济与管理，2000
[10] 汪道涵、龙永图，入世与服务业市场开放，中国对外经济贸易出版社，2000
[11] 董千里，高级物流学，人民交通出版社，2001
[12] 宋华、胡左浩，现代物流与供应链管理案例，经济管理出版社，2001
[13] 李纯、甘亚平，入世后中国前沿问题分析，中国商业出版社，2001
[14] 宋华、胡左浩，现代物流与供应链管理，经济管理出版社，2002
[15] 丁俊发，中国物流，中国物资出版社，2002
[16] 汝宜红、田源、徐杰，配送中心规划，北方交通大学出版社，2002
[17] 孙宏岭，高效率配送中心的设计与经营，中国物资出版社，2002
[18] 黄福华，现代物流运作管理精要，广东旅游出版社，2002
[19] 刘慧，供应链管理，中国人民大学出版社，2002
[20] 董千里，供应链管理，人民交通出版社，2002
[21] 许胜余，物流配送中心管理，四川人民出版社，2002
[22] Raja G.Kasilingam， Logistics and Transportation: Design and Planning， the
Kluwer Academic Publishers， 1998
[23] Benjamin S.Blanchard， Logistics Engineering and Management， Prentice Hall， Inc. New Jersey， 1998
[24] B.Fleischmann， Advances in Distribution Logistics， Springer-Verlag， Berlin， 1998
[25] Martin Skitmore and Vernon Marston， Cost Modeling， E&FN Spoon， London， 1999
[26] Tan Miller， Hierarchical Operations and Supply Chain Planning， Springer-Verlag， Great Britain， 2001
[27] Joseph Geunes， Panos M. Pardalos， H. Edwin Romeijn， Supply Chain Management: Models， Applications， And Research Directions， Kluwer Academic Publishers， Netherlands， 2002
[28] A.Michael Knemeyer， A qualitative examination of factors affecting reverse logistics systems for end-of-life computers， International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management， vol.32 No.6， 2002
[29] Nynke Faber， René B.M. de Koster， Steef L. van de Velde， Linking warehouse complexity to warehouse planning and control structure， International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management， vol.32 No.5， 2002
[30] Albert Wee Kwan Tan， Wei Shin Yu， Kumar Arun， Improving the performance of a computer company in supporting its reverse logistics operations in the Asia-Pacific region， International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management， vol.33 No.1， 2003
[31] Jensen， M.C. and Mecking， M.H， “Theory of the firm: Managerial Behavior， Agency Cost and Ownership Structure”， Journal of Financial Economic， vol.3， Oct.1976
[2] 刘庆元，商业连锁经营和配送中心发展问题研究，东北财经大学出版社，1998
[3] 屈云波，超市营销，企业管理出版社，1999
[4] 叶杰刚，配送：运行与发展，经济管理出版社，1999
[5] 周勇，连锁超市经营，中国商业出版社，2000
[6] 近藤文男、中野安（日），日美营销创新，经济管理出版社，2000
[7] 李芳，我国连锁经营的现状、问题与对策，河南财政税务高等专科学校学报，2000（4）：20-21
[8] 李晓红，发展连锁经营的对策研究，商业研究，2000（4）：112-113
[9] 宋华，现代商业企业物流革新与发展，商业经济与管理，2000
[10] 汪道涵、龙永图，入世与服务业市场开放，中国对外经济贸易出版社，2000
[11] 董千里，高级物流学，人民交通出版社，2001
[12] 宋华、胡左浩，现代物流与供应链管理案例，经济管理出版社，2001
[13] 李纯、甘亚平，入世后中国前沿问题分析，中国商业出版社，2001
[14] 宋华、胡左浩，现代物流与供应链管理，经济管理出版社，2002
[15] 丁俊发，中国物流，中国物资出版社，2002
[16] 汝宜红、田源、徐杰，配送中心规划，北方交通大学出版社，2002
[17] 孙宏岭，高效率配送中心的设计与经营，中国物资出版社，2002
[18] 黄福华，现代物流运作管理精要，广东旅游出版社，2002
[19] 刘慧，供应链管理，中国人民大学出版社，2002
[20] 董千里，供应链管理，人民交通出版社，2002
[21] 许胜余，物流配送中心管理，四川人民出版社，2002
[22] Raja G.Kasilingam， Logistics and Transportation: Design and Planning， the
Kluwer Academic Publishers， 1998
[23] Benjamin S.Blanchard， Logistics Engineering and Management， Prentice Hall， Inc. New Jersey， 1998
[24] B.Fleischmann， Advances in Distribution Logistics， Springer-Verlag， Berlin， 1998
[25] Martin Skitmore and Vernon Marston， Cost Modeling， E&FN Spoon， London， 1999
[26] Tan Miller， Hierarchical Operations and Supply Chain Planning， Springer-Verlag， Great Britain， 2001
[27] Joseph Geunes， Panos M. Pardalos， H. Edwin Romeijn， Supply Chain Management: Models， Applications， And Research Directions， Kluwer Academic Publishers， Netherlands， 2002
[28] A.Michael Knemeyer， A qualitative examination of factors affecting reverse logistics systems for end-of-life computers， International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management， vol.32 No.6， 2002
[29] Nynke Faber， René B.M. de Koster， Steef L. van de Velde， Linking warehouse complexity to warehouse planning and control structure， International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management， vol.32 No.5， 2002
[30] Albert Wee Kwan Tan， Wei Shin Yu， Kumar Arun， Improving the performance of a computer company in supporting its reverse logistics operations in the Asia-Pacific region， International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management， vol.33 No.1， 2003
[31] Jensen， M.C. and Mecking， M.H， “Theory of the firm: Managerial Behavior， Agency Cost and Ownership Structure”， Journal of Financial Economic， vol.3， Oct.1976