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我国第三方物流企业的运作机理与运作方式研究
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摘要
现代物流被誉为企业的“第三利润源”,它将成为我国21世纪经济发展的重要产业和新的经济增长点。第三方物流,作为物流专业化的一种重要形式,将是现代物流的发展方向。现代意义上的第三方物流只是一个约有10-15年历史的行业,在理论上对它的认识和在实践上对它的探索还处在起步阶段,在我国有着良好的发展前景。
     本文在全面、系统分析第三方物流的基础上,着重从实际运作第三方物流的角度:首先分析了第三方物流产生的原因及其特征;接着利用数学模型在理论上对第三方物流的存在意义作了深入的分析;然后就第三方物流企业的服务方式及服务内容进行了分析;再后对第三方物流企业的利益构成及增值空间进行了分析;不仅如此,还进一步分析了第三方物流与电子商务的关系和第三方物流与供应链管理的关系。这些分析是为了从深层次揭示第三方物流的本质及其运作机理。在理论分析的基础上,本文又深入探讨了我国第三方物流企业的运作方式。首先对发展我国第三方物流的现实条件进行了全面分析,通过分析作者认为我国目前要全面发展第三方物流还不具备条件,但必须未雨绸缪、创造条件。接着就我国第三方物流企业的战略选择和运作模式进行了探讨,指出目前我国第三方物流企业可采用以下四种模式:以提高物流环节的服务附加值为目标的基础物流服务模式;整合现有物流资源,建立非资产型的第三方物流企业模式;电子商务与第三方物流的有机整合模式和综合物流代理模式。然后还就我国第三方物流企业运作中的现代物流中心的建设和信息化建设进行了研究,以期对发展我国第三方物流的运作提供理论指导及实践帮助。
Logistics, famed as " the third resource of profit" to enterprises, is expected to become an important industry with new economic growth rate to the development of economy in china in the 21st century. The 3rd-party logistics (3PL), as the important form of logistics, becomes inevitably the tendency of the development of logistics. 3PL is a quite young industry with a history of about 10 to 15 years, so the academic cognitions and the practical explorations to it are still on the primary stage, which makes this industry especially in china enjoy promising prospects.
    Based on an overall and systematic analysis of 3PL and from a practical viewpoint emphatically, the paper makes in-depth analyses on these sides: first, the paper analyses on the causes of its formation and the features; second, the paper analyses the significances of existence with mathematics model; third, the paper analyses the content and the way of service; fourth, the paper analyses the sources of profits and the value-increasing space; finally, the paper analyses the relation between 3PL and e-commerce and the relation between 3PL and supply-chain management, etc. These analyses reveal the essence and principles of operation of 3PL from deep levels. Based on these academic analyses, the paper also inquires into the way of operation. The paper analyses the market environment of 3PL, then the author considers that in china it has not basic conditions for developing comprehensively 3PL at present, but we must get ready in advance. In addition, the paper also inquires into the choices of the strategy and the models of operation for 3PL enterprises. The author proposes four models to develop 3PL in china at present. The first model is providing basic services of logistics with a goal of heightening the additional value of services. The second model is integrating the present resources of logistics and establishing no-assets
    
    
    
    3PL enterprises. The third model is integrating the e-commerce and 3PL. The fourth model is comprehensive agent of logistics. Moreover the paper investigates the building of the logistics center and the informationlization. The author has an expectation to provide theoretical directions and practical assistances on how to operate the business of 3PL in china.
引文
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