宽带模式识别器的研究
|
摘要
目前使用的模式识别器基本上工作频带都很窄，给实际工作带来诸多不便。基于这样的事实，本论文首次对以圆波导为主线波导，矩形波导为副线波导的宽带模式识别器进行了比较全面系统的研究。
首先，本文经过严格的理论分析和数学推导，直接建立起宽带模式识别器的理论基础和数学模型。然后，对宽带模式识别器进行了全面研究。在研究中，以TE0n(n=1,2,3), TE11和TM0n(n=1,2,3)两大类宽带模式识别器为重点，通过大量设计、模拟计算等，系统研究了不等孔径等间距，等孔径等间距或不等间距分布等对拓宽带宽等的作用并讨论了重要设计参数的选取和对带宽的影响，得出了一系列重要结论。最后，在大量设计和研究基础上，作者成功开发了计算机辅助设计和仿真程序。
纵观整个论文，主要工作成果和创新之处可以归纳如下：
1. 系统推导出宽带模式识别器的小孔耦合和耦合孔不同设置方式下相关尺寸及电磁参数的计算公式并建立起较完整的数学模型。
2. 通过对宽带模式识别器的研究发现，在设计中采用切比雪夫分布和二项式分布与采用等孔径等间距分布相比，无论是工作带宽还是抑制度，前面两种分布都要明显优于等孔径等间距分布。采用切比雪夫分布和二项式分布获得的带宽在多数情况下达到了10%左右，不少情况远超出10%。可见，这两种分布在拓宽带宽和抑制非耦合模方面能起到极其重要的作用。
3. 本文研究表明切比雪夫分布和二项式分布都是宽带模式识别器研究和设计的重要方法。从总体而言，切比雪夫分布拓宽带宽和提高抑制度的作用对很多情况都是有效的，要优于二项式分布。在少数情况可能出现切比雪夫分布的效果稍逊于二项式分布，本文经过研究认为：原因主要在于设计中相关参数选取受到实际限制而抑制了切比雪夫分布的作用，问题并不是切比雪夫分布造成的。
4. 对于发现的问题，本文创造性的加以处理。特别是当设计参数的选取受到实际限制而抑制了切比雪夫分布的作用时，经过研究首次发现根据实际情况对理想切比雪夫分布进行调整优化并采用优化后的新分布来设计可以获得比原来的切比雪夫分布较好的结果。这样进一步开拓了设计和研究的新途径。
5. 经过不断研究和总结，首次独立开发了宽带模式识别器的计算机辅助设计和仿真程序。这套程序系列适用面广，是科技人员进行设计和研究的有力工具。此外，对不等间距分布情况做了一些研究，编制了与之对应的辅助设计和仿真程序。
6. 本文研究发现，宽带模式识别器的带宽等也可能受模式识别器的一些参
数如孔间距的影响。文中论述了选取小孔间距等参数对拓宽带宽的重要性以及各参数合理选择的原则。
7. 经过本论文的分析和研究，客观上提供了宽带模式识别器的比较完整而详细的设计理论和参照。本文的大量研究结果和分析也为本领域及相关领域的研究提供了比较全面的基础。
Now the mode discriminator almost only can operate in narrow band, which brings inconvenience for work . Based on this fact , the study of the Broad band mode discriminator which has a circular waveguide as a primary waveguide and rectangular waveguides as secondary waveguides is first made in this dissertation.
First, with firm theory analysis and mathematic deduction , construct the theoretic base and mathematic model. Then , the whole research for the Broad band mode discriminator is performed . In the process , concentrates on two sorts of Broad band mode discriminators (TE0n, TE11 and TM0n (n=1,2,3)) ,the research with many designs and simulations wholly includes the effect of the distributions of different radii and equal distance of holes , equal radii and equal or different distance of holes ; get important conclusions ; some discussions for the selection of the parameters and the influence on the bandwidth are brought out . Finally , work out and develop the CAD and simulation procedures for Broad band mode discriminators.
To view the whole dissertation , the main production and innovation of work can be summarized as below :
1. Deduce the formulae for the aperture coupling and the parameters of different aperture distribution , And construct the mathematic model of Broad band mode discriminators.
2. Through the research , find that to use the distribution of Chebyshev or Binomial can get better effect in bandwidth and suppression than the distribution of equal radii and equal distance of holes. The distribution of Chebyshev or Binomial can get the bandwidth of 10% mostly, sometimes much higher than 10% .It is obvious that the two distributions do well in broadening bandwidth and suppressing unwanted modes.
3. According to the research results in the dissertation , the distributions of Chebyshev and Binomial are important methods for the Broad band mode discriminator. Generally , Chebyshev distribution is better than Binomial ; a few cases, not better. The reason is that the selection of the parameters restricted by the practical factors and , therefore weaken the effect of Chebyshev distribution , not from Chebyshev distribution.
4. The problems are dealed with in innovational ways . Especially when the selection of the parameters restricted by the practical factors .The solution method is found, which is that to modify and improve the Chebyshev distribution and apply it
on the designs can get better results than before . This gives a new way for the designs and research.
5. After research and summaries, the CAD and simulation procedures for Broad band mode discriminators which can be used widely as important tools for people , are obtained. Some work is done on the distributions of different distance, and work out related CAD and simulation procedure.
6. The research results prove that the bandwidth of the Broad band mode discriminator is influenced by some parameters of designs .The paper discusses the importance to select the parameters of distance , etc. And gives the rules for the suitable selection of parameters.
7. After analysis and research in this dissertation, the particular design theory and reference for the Broad band mode discriminator is presented impersonally .The research production and analysis can provide the foundation for the research work of the field and related field .
首先，本文经过严格的理论分析和数学推导，直接建立起宽带模式识别器的理论基础和数学模型。然后，对宽带模式识别器进行了全面研究。在研究中，以TE0n(n=1,2,3), TE11和TM0n(n=1,2,3)两大类宽带模式识别器为重点，通过大量设计、模拟计算等，系统研究了不等孔径等间距，等孔径等间距或不等间距分布等对拓宽带宽等的作用并讨论了重要设计参数的选取和对带宽的影响，得出了一系列重要结论。最后，在大量设计和研究基础上，作者成功开发了计算机辅助设计和仿真程序。
纵观整个论文，主要工作成果和创新之处可以归纳如下：
1. 系统推导出宽带模式识别器的小孔耦合和耦合孔不同设置方式下相关尺寸及电磁参数的计算公式并建立起较完整的数学模型。
2. 通过对宽带模式识别器的研究发现，在设计中采用切比雪夫分布和二项式分布与采用等孔径等间距分布相比，无论是工作带宽还是抑制度，前面两种分布都要明显优于等孔径等间距分布。采用切比雪夫分布和二项式分布获得的带宽在多数情况下达到了10%左右，不少情况远超出10%。可见，这两种分布在拓宽带宽和抑制非耦合模方面能起到极其重要的作用。
3. 本文研究表明切比雪夫分布和二项式分布都是宽带模式识别器研究和设计的重要方法。从总体而言，切比雪夫分布拓宽带宽和提高抑制度的作用对很多情况都是有效的，要优于二项式分布。在少数情况可能出现切比雪夫分布的效果稍逊于二项式分布，本文经过研究认为：原因主要在于设计中相关参数选取受到实际限制而抑制了切比雪夫分布的作用，问题并不是切比雪夫分布造成的。
4. 对于发现的问题，本文创造性的加以处理。特别是当设计参数的选取受到实际限制而抑制了切比雪夫分布的作用时，经过研究首次发现根据实际情况对理想切比雪夫分布进行调整优化并采用优化后的新分布来设计可以获得比原来的切比雪夫分布较好的结果。这样进一步开拓了设计和研究的新途径。
5. 经过不断研究和总结，首次独立开发了宽带模式识别器的计算机辅助设计和仿真程序。这套程序系列适用面广，是科技人员进行设计和研究的有力工具。此外，对不等间距分布情况做了一些研究，编制了与之对应的辅助设计和仿真程序。
6. 本文研究发现，宽带模式识别器的带宽等也可能受模式识别器的一些参
数如孔间距的影响。文中论述了选取小孔间距等参数对拓宽带宽的重要性以及各参数合理选择的原则。
7. 经过本论文的分析和研究，客观上提供了宽带模式识别器的比较完整而详细的设计理论和参照。本文的大量研究结果和分析也为本领域及相关领域的研究提供了比较全面的基础。
Now the mode discriminator almost only can operate in narrow band, which brings inconvenience for work . Based on this fact , the study of the Broad band mode discriminator which has a circular waveguide as a primary waveguide and rectangular waveguides as secondary waveguides is first made in this dissertation.
First, with firm theory analysis and mathematic deduction , construct the theoretic base and mathematic model. Then , the whole research for the Broad band mode discriminator is performed . In the process , concentrates on two sorts of Broad band mode discriminators (TE0n, TE11 and TM0n (n=1,2,3)) ,the research with many designs and simulations wholly includes the effect of the distributions of different radii and equal distance of holes , equal radii and equal or different distance of holes ; get important conclusions ; some discussions for the selection of the parameters and the influence on the bandwidth are brought out . Finally , work out and develop the CAD and simulation procedures for Broad band mode discriminators.
To view the whole dissertation , the main production and innovation of work can be summarized as below :
1. Deduce the formulae for the aperture coupling and the parameters of different aperture distribution , And construct the mathematic model of Broad band mode discriminators.
2. Through the research , find that to use the distribution of Chebyshev or Binomial can get better effect in bandwidth and suppression than the distribution of equal radii and equal distance of holes. The distribution of Chebyshev or Binomial can get the bandwidth of 10% mostly, sometimes much higher than 10% .It is obvious that the two distributions do well in broadening bandwidth and suppressing unwanted modes.
3. According to the research results in the dissertation , the distributions of Chebyshev and Binomial are important methods for the Broad band mode discriminator. Generally , Chebyshev distribution is better than Binomial ; a few cases, not better. The reason is that the selection of the parameters restricted by the practical factors and , therefore weaken the effect of Chebyshev distribution , not from Chebyshev distribution.
4. The problems are dealed with in innovational ways . Especially when the selection of the parameters restricted by the practical factors .The solution method is found, which is that to modify and improve the Chebyshev distribution and apply it
on the designs can get better results than before . This gives a new way for the designs and research.
5. After research and summaries, the CAD and simulation procedures for Broad band mode discriminators which can be used widely as important tools for people , are obtained. Some work is done on the distributions of different distance, and work out related CAD and simulation procedure.
6. The research results prove that the bandwidth of the Broad band mode discriminator is influenced by some parameters of designs .The paper discusses the importance to select the parameters of distance , etc. And gives the rules for the suitable selection of parameters.
7. After analysis and research in this dissertation, the particular design theory and reference for the Broad band mode discriminator is presented impersonally .The research production and analysis can provide the foundation for the research work of the field and related field .
引文
[1] 王文祥，徐梅生，余国芬, 波导系统模式的分析与鉴别,《真空电子技术》
[2] R. Levy Directional Couplers , Advances in Microwaves vol. 1. pp.115-282 New York: Academic Press ,1966
[3] Janzen G., Stickel H. , Multihole Couplers for Overmoded Waveguide Systems, Report IPF-83-8, University of Stuttgart ,1983
[4] Janzen G., Stickel H. , Short Mode Selective Directional Couplers, Report IPF-83-9, University of Stuttgart ,1983
[5] Janzen G., Stickel H. , Improved Directional Couplers for Overmoded Waveguide Systems , Report IPF-84-1, University of Stuttgart ,1984
[6] B.R.Poole, C.G.Fong, Design of Mode-Selective Couplers for Electron Cyclotron
Resonance Heating On The Mirror Fusion Test Facility, IEEE CH2251-7/86/0000-1291 ,pp.1291-1297 , 1986
[7] W.X.Wang,W.Lawson and V.L.Granatstein, The Design of a Mode Selective Directional Coupler for a High Power Gyroklystron,INT.J.ELECTRONICS, 1988，VOL.65,NO.3, 705-716
[8] W.X Wang，Improved design of a high power mode selective directional coupler,INT.J.ELECTRONICS,1994,VOL.76,NO.1,131-142
[9] 王文祥，H01-H10高功率定向耦合器的改进设计，电子科技大学学报，1990年10月，第19卷，第5期, 492-498
[10] Miller S E. Coupled wave theory and waveguide applications. BSTJ,
1954 ; 33: 661-719
[11] R. Levy, M.A. , A Guide to the Practical Application of Chebyshev Functions to the Design of Microwave Components, The Institution of Electrical Engineers Monograph No.337E June 1959, pp.193-199
[12] K.E.Hancock, The Design and Manufacture of Waveguide Tchebycheff Directional Couplers , Electronic Engineering , May 1967, pp.292-297
[13] 王文祥,徐梅生，余国芬，宫玉彬. 宽带选模定向耦合器的设计 电子科技大学学报 ，1993年8月，第22卷 ，增刊， 125-133
[14] Homayoon Oraizi,Member. Optimum Design of Multihole Directional Couplers With Arbitrary Aperture Spacing , IEEE Trans.Microwave Theory Tech,Vol 46, No.4, April 1998,pp. 331-342
[15] BEHTE,H.A.,1944, Theory of diffraction by small holes. Physics
Review,66,163-182
[16] COLLIN,R.E.,1966, Foundations for Microwave Engineering (New York:
McGraw-Hill)pp.95-111,183-197.
[17] 顾茂章，张克潜 ， 微波技术 ，北京：清华大学出版社，1989.80-109
[18] 赵家升，黄尚税 ， 电磁场与微波技术 ， pp:118
[19] 顾茂章，张克潜 ， 微波技术 ，北京：清华大学出版社，1989.346-348
[20] R . E柯林 ， 微波工程基础 ，人民邮电出版社，1981.206-219
[21] F.Sporleder, H.-G.Unger, Waveguide tapers transitions and couplers,Peter
Peregrinus Ltd.,1979
[22] 王沫然，肖劲松 ，MATLAB 5.X 与科学计算 ，清华大学出版社，2000
[2] R. Levy Directional Couplers , Advances in Microwaves vol. 1. pp.115-282 New York: Academic Press ,1966
[3] Janzen G., Stickel H. , Multihole Couplers for Overmoded Waveguide Systems, Report IPF-83-8, University of Stuttgart ,1983
[4] Janzen G., Stickel H. , Short Mode Selective Directional Couplers, Report IPF-83-9, University of Stuttgart ,1983
[5] Janzen G., Stickel H. , Improved Directional Couplers for Overmoded Waveguide Systems , Report IPF-84-1, University of Stuttgart ,1984
[6] B.R.Poole, C.G.Fong, Design of Mode-Selective Couplers for Electron Cyclotron
Resonance Heating On The Mirror Fusion Test Facility, IEEE CH2251-7/86/0000-1291 ,pp.1291-1297 , 1986
[7] W.X.Wang,W.Lawson and V.L.Granatstein, The Design of a Mode Selective Directional Coupler for a High Power Gyroklystron,INT.J.ELECTRONICS, 1988，VOL.65,NO.3, 705-716
[8] W.X Wang，Improved design of a high power mode selective directional coupler,INT.J.ELECTRONICS,1994,VOL.76,NO.1,131-142
[9] 王文祥，H01-H10高功率定向耦合器的改进设计，电子科技大学学报，1990年10月，第19卷，第5期, 492-498
[10] Miller S E. Coupled wave theory and waveguide applications. BSTJ,
1954 ; 33: 661-719
[11] R. Levy, M.A. , A Guide to the Practical Application of Chebyshev Functions to the Design of Microwave Components, The Institution of Electrical Engineers Monograph No.337E June 1959, pp.193-199
[12] K.E.Hancock, The Design and Manufacture of Waveguide Tchebycheff Directional Couplers , Electronic Engineering , May 1967, pp.292-297
[13] 王文祥,徐梅生，余国芬，宫玉彬. 宽带选模定向耦合器的设计 电子科技大学学报 ，1993年8月，第22卷 ，增刊， 125-133
[14] Homayoon Oraizi,Member. Optimum Design of Multihole Directional Couplers With Arbitrary Aperture Spacing , IEEE Trans.Microwave Theory Tech,Vol 46, No.4, April 1998,pp. 331-342
[15] BEHTE,H.A.,1944, Theory of diffraction by small holes. Physics
Review,66,163-182
[16] COLLIN,R.E.,1966, Foundations for Microwave Engineering (New York:
McGraw-Hill)pp.95-111,183-197.
[17] 顾茂章，张克潜 ， 微波技术 ，北京：清华大学出版社，1989.80-109
[18] 赵家升，黄尚税 ， 电磁场与微波技术 ， pp:118
[19] 顾茂章，张克潜 ， 微波技术 ，北京：清华大学出版社，1989.346-348
[20] R . E柯林 ， 微波工程基础 ，人民邮电出版社，1981.206-219
[21] F.Sporleder, H.-G.Unger, Waveguide tapers transitions and couplers,Peter
Peregrinus Ltd.,1979
[22] 王沫然，肖劲松 ，MATLAB 5.X 与科学计算 ，清华大学出版社，2000