电磁兼容与EMI接收机设计的研究
摘要
随着科学技术与工业的发展,电子产品干扰与抗干扰矛盾的激发,以及全球贸易体系的日趋国际化,电磁兼容强制认证逐渐成为一种趋势。我国已于2003年5月1日起行产品的电磁兼容强制认证制度,但目前我国用于EMC测试的仪器依赖进口,进口仪器价格十分昂贵,而国内在EMI接收机制造方面水平很落后,生产厂家也是屈指可数。市场急需用于EMC测试或预测试的EMI接收机,正是由于这些原因,本课题提出来了。
本文提出了一种基于LabVIEW的虚拟EMI测试接收机的设计方案。文章开始部分详细的介绍了电磁兼容与电磁干扰的概念、电磁兼容测试以及电磁兼容强制认证的有关内容。对EMI接收机与频谱分析仪的不同点进行了比较。对接收机的多种类型的优点与缺点进行了分析与比较,提出了采用二次变频方案来设计EMI接收机的思路,并给出了粗略框图。在接收机动态范围设计方面,提出了采用5级单元衰减器级联来实现接收机总动态范围为120dB的方案。本文还介绍了直接数字频率合成器AD9852的特点,控制字的装载时序,给出了它与单片机的接口电路以及部分源代码。文章最后对NI公司的数据采集卡PCI-6221进行了介绍,对EMI接收机的LabVIEW编程部分进行了初步探讨,结合串口通信与数据采集进行了仿真,其中详细讨论了传导干扰极限值信号的产生方法,给出了EMI接收机的前面板和部分源代码。
With the development of technology and industry, with the intensification of the contradiction between interference and anti-interference of electric products, with the daily-increasing internationalization of the global trade system, the compulsory certification of ElectroMagnetic Compatibility has gradually become a trend. China began to carry out the system of compulsory certification of ElectroMagnetic Compatibility for some products on May 1st, 2003, but at present, the instruments used for EMC testing have to be imported and are very expensive. In our country, the level in making EMI receivers is still very laggard and the manufacturers are also very few. The market is in bad need of EMI receivers used for EMC testing and pre-testing. For these reasons, the present topic is proposed.In this thesis, we designed a scheme about EMI testing receivers based on LabVIEW. At the beginning part of the thesis, we introduced the concepts of ElectroMagnetic Compatibility and ElectroMagnetic Interference. We also made some introduction of ElectroMagnetic Compatibility testing and ElectroMagnetic Compatibility compulsory certification. Then we compared the differences between EMI receivers and frequency analyzers. The advantages and disadvantages of the different types of receivers are also analyzed and compared, on the basis of which an idea of designing EMI receivers through two-time frequency conversion is put forward and a rough frame diagram is given.In the respect of designing the dynamic range of receivers, we put forward a scheme of making the receivers' total dynamic
rangel20dB by adopting five-grade cell attenuator cascade. In addition, we introduced the features of Direct Digital Synthesis AD9852 and the loading time sequence of the controlling word, and also we provided the interface circuit of the singlechip and part of the source code. At the end of the thesis, we introduced the data collection card PCI-6221 of NI company, briefly explored the LabVIEW programming part of EMI receivers and did some simulation by combining serial port and data acquisition, in which we discussed in detail the methods of producing utmost values of conducting interference and displayed the front panel of the EMI receiver and part of the source code.
本文提出了一种基于LabVIEW的虚拟EMI测试接收机的设计方案。文章开始部分详细的介绍了电磁兼容与电磁干扰的概念、电磁兼容测试以及电磁兼容强制认证的有关内容。对EMI接收机与频谱分析仪的不同点进行了比较。对接收机的多种类型的优点与缺点进行了分析与比较,提出了采用二次变频方案来设计EMI接收机的思路,并给出了粗略框图。在接收机动态范围设计方面,提出了采用5级单元衰减器级联来实现接收机总动态范围为120dB的方案。本文还介绍了直接数字频率合成器AD9852的特点,控制字的装载时序,给出了它与单片机的接口电路以及部分源代码。文章最后对NI公司的数据采集卡PCI-6221进行了介绍,对EMI接收机的LabVIEW编程部分进行了初步探讨,结合串口通信与数据采集进行了仿真,其中详细讨论了传导干扰极限值信号的产生方法,给出了EMI接收机的前面板和部分源代码。
With the development of technology and industry, with the intensification of the contradiction between interference and anti-interference of electric products, with the daily-increasing internationalization of the global trade system, the compulsory certification of ElectroMagnetic Compatibility has gradually become a trend. China began to carry out the system of compulsory certification of ElectroMagnetic Compatibility for some products on May 1st, 2003, but at present, the instruments used for EMC testing have to be imported and are very expensive. In our country, the level in making EMI receivers is still very laggard and the manufacturers are also very few. The market is in bad need of EMI receivers used for EMC testing and pre-testing. For these reasons, the present topic is proposed.In this thesis, we designed a scheme about EMI testing receivers based on LabVIEW. At the beginning part of the thesis, we introduced the concepts of ElectroMagnetic Compatibility and ElectroMagnetic Interference. We also made some introduction of ElectroMagnetic Compatibility testing and ElectroMagnetic Compatibility compulsory certification. Then we compared the differences between EMI receivers and frequency analyzers. The advantages and disadvantages of the different types of receivers are also analyzed and compared, on the basis of which an idea of designing EMI receivers through two-time frequency conversion is put forward and a rough frame diagram is given.In the respect of designing the dynamic range of receivers, we put forward a scheme of making the receivers' total dynamic
rangel20dB by adopting five-grade cell attenuator cascade. In addition, we introduced the features of Direct Digital Synthesis AD9852 and the loading time sequence of the controlling word, and also we provided the interface circuit of the singlechip and part of the source code. At the end of the thesis, we introduced the data collection card PCI-6221 of NI company, briefly explored the LabVIEW programming part of EMI receivers and did some simulation by combining serial port and data acquisition, in which we discussed in detail the methods of producing utmost values of conducting interference and displayed the front panel of the EMI receiver and part of the source code.
引文
[1] 陈淑凤,马蔚宇,马晓庆.电磁兼容试验技术.北京邮电大学出版社,2001.
[2] 钱振宇.3C认证中的电磁兼容测试和对策.电子工业出版社,2004.
[3] 李邦协.家用电器、电动工具和电器照明设备的电磁兼容性.中国标准出版社,2000.
[4] 杨克俊.电磁兼容原理与设计技术.人民邮电出版社,2004.
[5] 陈峰.接收机与频谱分析仪的差异[J].安全与电磁兼容.2001,2,23-24,32.
[6] 陈邦媛.射频通信电路.科学出版社,2003.
[7] 肖志敏.2-30MHz短波电台接收机射频前端研制.电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[8] 钱卫华.高线性大动态范围通用接收机研究与实现.电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[9] 李跃峰.AD9852的应用[J].火控雷达技术.2003,29,7-11.
[10] 张迎新.单片微型计算机原理、应用与接口技术.国防工业出版社,1993.
[11] 杨乐平.虚拟仪器技术概论.电子工业出版社,2001.
[12] 雷振山.LabVIEW 7 Express实用技术教程.中国铁道出版社,2004.
[13] (美)Robert H.Bisop著,乔瑞萍,林 欣译.LabVIEW 6i实用教程.电子工业出版社,2003.
[14] 侯国屏,王坤,叶齐鑫.LabVIEW 7.1编程与虚拟仪器设计.清华大学出版社,2004.
[15] Analog Device Inc. CMOS 300MHz Complete DDS Synthesizer Data Sheet. 2001.
[16] Analog Device Inc. DC-to-2.5 GHz High IP3 Active Mixer Data Sheet. 2002.
[17] Analog Device Inc. Integrated Synthesizer and VCO Data Sheet.2004.
[18] National Instruments. LabVIEW User Manual, 2003.
[19] LabVIEW: Date Acquisition Basics Manual [M]. National Instruments Corporation.1998.
[20] F.Krug, S. Braun, and P. Russer. A novel quasi-peak-detector for time-domain EMI-measurements。Advances in Radio Science (2004) 2:27-32.
[21] Analog Device Inc. RF PLL Frequency Synthesizers Data Sheet. 2004.
[22] National Instruments. DAQ Quick Start Guide, 2004,3.
[23] National Instruments. Getting Started with, 2003,4.
[24] LabVIEW: G Programming Reference Manual. National Instruments Corporation [M]. 1988.
[25] LabVIEW: User Manual. National Instruments Corporation [M]. 1988.
[26] Analog Devices Inc. Low noise,90MHz Variable-Gain Amplifier AD603 Data Sheet. 2002.
[27] Agilent Technologies Inc. A Low-Cost Surface Mount PIN Diode π Attenuator Application Note. 2000.
[28] Ghapurey, R.,and T. Viswanathan Disgn of Front End RF Ciruit 1998.
[29] http://www.jicheng.net.cn/auto_news/others/1002984.html
[30] GB/T 4365—1996《电磁兼容术语》.中国标准出版社,1996.
[31] Bruce Minhyra. LabVIEW for data acquisition. Prentice Hall PTR, 2001.
[32] (美)Robert A.Witte著,何小平译.电子测量仪器原理与应用.清华大学出版社,1995.
[33] GB/T 6113.1—1995《无线电骚扰和抗扰度测量设备规范》中国标准出版社,1998.
[34] GB/T 6113.1—1995《无线电骚扰和抗扰度测量方法》中国标准出社,1998.
[35] 王定华等.电磁兼容原理与设计.电子科技大学出版社,1995.
[36] 董光天(K.T.TUNG).电磁干扰与测量与控制1000问.电子工业出版社,2003.
[37] 中国赛宝(总部)实验室.电子产品的安全要求、试验与设计.中国标准出版社,2004.
[38] 马伟明.电力电子系统中的电磁兼容.武汉水利电力大学出版社,2000.
[39] 刘国林,殷贯西.电子测量.机械工业出版社,2003.
[40] 林占江.电子测量技术.电子工业出版社,2003.
[41] 李广弟.单片机基础.北京航空航天大学出版社,1994.
[42] 马忠梅,籍顺心,张凯.单片机的C语言应用程序设计.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[43] 朱定华.单片机原理及接口技术.北方交通大学出版社,2002.
[44] 郭德醇,费元春.高性能DDS芯片-AD9852的应用研究[J].电讯技术.2001,4,52-55.
[45] 樊秀云,张合敏.基于DDS的扫频信号发生器[J].山西电子技术.2002,5,33-35.
[46] 万其力,吴文彪.基于DDS及单片机的函数产生器设计[J].西安邮电学院学报.2003,8,3,7-11.
[47] 刘琼发主编.彩色电视机原理与实验.高等教育出版社,2004.
[48] 张义芳,冯健华.高频电子线路.哈尔宾工业大学出版社,1996.
[49] 王恭行.AM,FM调谐器.新时代出版社,1987
[50] (加)Roy Blake,张晋峰译.现代通信系统.电子工业出版社,2003.
[51] 刘君华主编.虚拟仪器图形化编程语言.北京航空航天大学出版社,2001.
[52] 曹玲芝主编.现代测试技术及虚拟仪器.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[53] 黑杰克.Protel Schematic 99SE电路设计.科学出版社,2001.
[54] 蔡根.虚拟频率特性测试仪的研究与设计.西南石油学院硕士学位论文,2003.
[55] 严颂庄.基于LabVIEW的频率测量虚拟仪器系统的研究与应用.湖南大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[56] 丁娜.虚拟频谱分析仪的设计与实现.西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[2] 钱振宇.3C认证中的电磁兼容测试和对策.电子工业出版社,2004.
[3] 李邦协.家用电器、电动工具和电器照明设备的电磁兼容性.中国标准出版社,2000.
[4] 杨克俊.电磁兼容原理与设计技术.人民邮电出版社,2004.
[5] 陈峰.接收机与频谱分析仪的差异[J].安全与电磁兼容.2001,2,23-24,32.
[6] 陈邦媛.射频通信电路.科学出版社,2003.
[7] 肖志敏.2-30MHz短波电台接收机射频前端研制.电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2004.
[8] 钱卫华.高线性大动态范围通用接收机研究与实现.电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[9] 李跃峰.AD9852的应用[J].火控雷达技术.2003,29,7-11.
[10] 张迎新.单片微型计算机原理、应用与接口技术.国防工业出版社,1993.
[11] 杨乐平.虚拟仪器技术概论.电子工业出版社,2001.
[12] 雷振山.LabVIEW 7 Express实用技术教程.中国铁道出版社,2004.
[13] (美)Robert H.Bisop著,乔瑞萍,林 欣译.LabVIEW 6i实用教程.电子工业出版社,2003.
[14] 侯国屏,王坤,叶齐鑫.LabVIEW 7.1编程与虚拟仪器设计.清华大学出版社,2004.
[15] Analog Device Inc. CMOS 300MHz Complete DDS Synthesizer Data Sheet. 2001.
[16] Analog Device Inc. DC-to-2.5 GHz High IP3 Active Mixer Data Sheet. 2002.
[17] Analog Device Inc. Integrated Synthesizer and VCO Data Sheet.2004.
[18] National Instruments. LabVIEW User Manual, 2003.
[19] LabVIEW: Date Acquisition Basics Manual [M]. National Instruments Corporation.1998.
[20] F.Krug, S. Braun, and P. Russer. A novel quasi-peak-detector for time-domain EMI-measurements。Advances in Radio Science (2004) 2:27-32.
[21] Analog Device Inc. RF PLL Frequency Synthesizers Data Sheet. 2004.
[22] National Instruments. DAQ Quick Start Guide, 2004,3.
[23] National Instruments. Getting Started with, 2003,4.
[24] LabVIEW: G Programming Reference Manual. National Instruments Corporation [M]. 1988.
[25] LabVIEW: User Manual. National Instruments Corporation [M]. 1988.
[26] Analog Devices Inc. Low noise,90MHz Variable-Gain Amplifier AD603 Data Sheet. 2002.
[27] Agilent Technologies Inc. A Low-Cost Surface Mount PIN Diode π Attenuator Application Note. 2000.
[28] Ghapurey, R.,and T. Viswanathan Disgn of Front End RF Ciruit 1998.
[29] http://www.jicheng.net.cn/auto_news/others/1002984.html
[30] GB/T 4365—1996《电磁兼容术语》.中国标准出版社,1996.
[31] Bruce Minhyra. LabVIEW for data acquisition. Prentice Hall PTR, 2001.
[32] (美)Robert A.Witte著,何小平译.电子测量仪器原理与应用.清华大学出版社,1995.
[33] GB/T 6113.1—1995《无线电骚扰和抗扰度测量设备规范》中国标准出版社,1998.
[34] GB/T 6113.1—1995《无线电骚扰和抗扰度测量方法》中国标准出社,1998.
[35] 王定华等.电磁兼容原理与设计.电子科技大学出版社,1995.
[36] 董光天(K.T.TUNG).电磁干扰与测量与控制1000问.电子工业出版社,2003.
[37] 中国赛宝(总部)实验室.电子产品的安全要求、试验与设计.中国标准出版社,2004.
[38] 马伟明.电力电子系统中的电磁兼容.武汉水利电力大学出版社,2000.
[39] 刘国林,殷贯西.电子测量.机械工业出版社,2003.
[40] 林占江.电子测量技术.电子工业出版社,2003.
[41] 李广弟.单片机基础.北京航空航天大学出版社,1994.
[42] 马忠梅,籍顺心,张凯.单片机的C语言应用程序设计.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[43] 朱定华.单片机原理及接口技术.北方交通大学出版社,2002.
[44] 郭德醇,费元春.高性能DDS芯片-AD9852的应用研究[J].电讯技术.2001,4,52-55.
[45] 樊秀云,张合敏.基于DDS的扫频信号发生器[J].山西电子技术.2002,5,33-35.
[46] 万其力,吴文彪.基于DDS及单片机的函数产生器设计[J].西安邮电学院学报.2003,8,3,7-11.
[47] 刘琼发主编.彩色电视机原理与实验.高等教育出版社,2004.
[48] 张义芳,冯健华.高频电子线路.哈尔宾工业大学出版社,1996.
[49] 王恭行.AM,FM调谐器.新时代出版社,1987
[50] (加)Roy Blake,张晋峰译.现代通信系统.电子工业出版社,2003.
[51] 刘君华主编.虚拟仪器图形化编程语言.北京航空航天大学出版社,2001.
[52] 曹玲芝主编.现代测试技术及虚拟仪器.北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[53] 黑杰克.Protel Schematic 99SE电路设计.科学出版社,2001.
[54] 蔡根.虚拟频率特性测试仪的研究与设计.西南石油学院硕士学位论文,2003.
[55] 严颂庄.基于LabVIEW的频率测量虚拟仪器系统的研究与应用.湖南大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[56] 丁娜.虚拟频谱分析仪的设计与实现.西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2003.