现场总线技术研究及其在现代化水厂生产网络系统设计中的应用
|
摘要
伴随着计算机网络技术、通信技术及电子仪器仪表技术的进步，工业自动化控制系统也得到了迅速的发展。现场总线使得现场仪表之间、现场仪表和控制室设备之间构成网络互联系统，实现全数字化、双向、多变量数字通信。以现场总线为基础的控制系统(FCS)以其诸多优点在工业监控领域引起了重大变革，并逐步取代现行主流的集散控制系统(DCS)。生活用水是城镇居民的生命线，提供优质高效的供水是供水企业所面临的最主要的任务，把最先进的工业通信技术引入到水厂生产网络控制系统的设计当中，造就高技术的供水企业，不仅具有重大的经济价值，也具有重大的社会意义。
针对以上情况，作者提出了利用现场总线技术构建现代化水厂生产网络控制系统的设计思想。通过参与完成韩城市自来水厂自动控制系统的设计与现场调试的实践，主要取得了以下主要研究成果：
①成功实现了用PROFIBUS现场总线技术构建自来水厂生产网络控制系统，为企业节省了硬件投资，提高了企业生产效率，体现出了这种新型控制网络的合理性与先进性；
②结合自来水处理工艺的特点，创造性地提出了流量前馈—流动电流反馈及滤后水浊度经验值超前调节的控制算法，并通过软件编程实现控制，大大减少了药耗，并保证了优质的出厂水供给，为加药控制这一净水工艺中的难点问题的解决带来生机；
③通过采用DELPHI编程软件自行设计的管网压力无线数据采集及中央管理室数据监控程序为用户节省了开销，取得了较好的运行效果。
在主要完成应用性研究的过程当中，对当今世界最流行的PROFIBUS总线尤其是其所采用的通信技术做了一些深入的学习与探讨，发现了现场总线技术存在不足的地方，并对其发展方向做出了设想。
With the advance of computer network , communication , electronic apparatus and instruments technology, industrial automatic control systems are rapidly improved. Fieldbus can link field instruments, field instruments and equipments in control room into a network system and implement total digital, bi-direction and more variables communication. On the base of the fieldbus, fieldbus control system (PCS) causes great reform in the field of industrial inspection and control because of its many of virtues, and gradually replace distributed control system(DCS) which is normally used now. Living water is the lifeline of the people in cities and towns. The high efficient supply of excellent-quality water is the most imperative task in the face of the water supply enterprises. By bringing the most advanced industrial communication technology into the design of the control system of the water-plant production network, constructing high-tech water-supplying enterprises has not only very large economic values, but also momentous social significance.
Considering these instances hereinbefore, the author brings forward the design thought of building the modern network control system of water supply by using the fiedlbus technology. By finishing the design of the automatic control system of HangCheng waterworks and field debugging, The author achieved the main research results as follows:
(l)The modern waterworks production network was constructed by using PROFIBUS. The reduction of investment and the improve of the control system embody the reasonability and advance of this new type of design
(2)Combined with the characteristic of water treating, the new control method of forward feed of water flux and feedback of stream current was acquired and was implemented by soft programming. This way reduces greatly the drug consume and can supply good quality water and bring energy into the drug casting control.
(3)The program of pressure date acquisition and date inspection in management center designed by the author decreases the user expenditure and gets the better running effect.
In the process of the application research, the author studied simultaneously the technology and knowledge about the most popular PROFIBUS in the world, made some exploration, and point out the developing direction of fieldbus technology.
针对以上情况，作者提出了利用现场总线技术构建现代化水厂生产网络控制系统的设计思想。通过参与完成韩城市自来水厂自动控制系统的设计与现场调试的实践，主要取得了以下主要研究成果：
①成功实现了用PROFIBUS现场总线技术构建自来水厂生产网络控制系统，为企业节省了硬件投资，提高了企业生产效率，体现出了这种新型控制网络的合理性与先进性；
②结合自来水处理工艺的特点，创造性地提出了流量前馈—流动电流反馈及滤后水浊度经验值超前调节的控制算法，并通过软件编程实现控制，大大减少了药耗，并保证了优质的出厂水供给，为加药控制这一净水工艺中的难点问题的解决带来生机；
③通过采用DELPHI编程软件自行设计的管网压力无线数据采集及中央管理室数据监控程序为用户节省了开销，取得了较好的运行效果。
在主要完成应用性研究的过程当中，对当今世界最流行的PROFIBUS总线尤其是其所采用的通信技术做了一些深入的学习与探讨，发现了现场总线技术存在不足的地方，并对其发展方向做出了设想。
With the advance of computer network , communication , electronic apparatus and instruments technology, industrial automatic control systems are rapidly improved. Fieldbus can link field instruments, field instruments and equipments in control room into a network system and implement total digital, bi-direction and more variables communication. On the base of the fieldbus, fieldbus control system (PCS) causes great reform in the field of industrial inspection and control because of its many of virtues, and gradually replace distributed control system(DCS) which is normally used now. Living water is the lifeline of the people in cities and towns. The high efficient supply of excellent-quality water is the most imperative task in the face of the water supply enterprises. By bringing the most advanced industrial communication technology into the design of the control system of the water-plant production network, constructing high-tech water-supplying enterprises has not only very large economic values, but also momentous social significance.
Considering these instances hereinbefore, the author brings forward the design thought of building the modern network control system of water supply by using the fiedlbus technology. By finishing the design of the automatic control system of HangCheng waterworks and field debugging, The author achieved the main research results as follows:
(l)The modern waterworks production network was constructed by using PROFIBUS. The reduction of investment and the improve of the control system embody the reasonability and advance of this new type of design
(2)Combined with the characteristic of water treating, the new control method of forward feed of water flux and feedback of stream current was acquired and was implemented by soft programming. This way reduces greatly the drug consume and can supply good quality water and bring energy into the drug casting control.
(3)The program of pressure date acquisition and date inspection in management center designed by the author decreases the user expenditure and gets the better running effect.
In the process of the application research, the author studied simultaneously the technology and knowledge about the most popular PROFIBUS in the world, made some exploration, and point out the developing direction of fieldbus technology.
引文
[1] 冯丽辉，李琨．工业计算机控制技术与应用(DDC&DCS)．云南科技出版社，2001
[2] 卞正刚．关于DCS的回顾与展望(转载)．http://www.controlit.com.cn/tech/default.asp
[3] 邵裕森，戴先中．过程控制工程．南京：东南大学出版社，2002
[4] 郭宗仁，吴亦锋等．可编程序控制器应用系统设计及通信网络技术．北京：人民邮电出版社，2002
[5] 吕金波．净配水厂计算机监控系统模式探讨．中国电工技术学会水工业电工专委会第一届第二次年会暨技术交流会论文集．2000：127～133
[6] 张新薇．DCS的基本结构和PLC的区别．http://www.controlit.com.cn/tech/default.asp
[7] 阳宪惠．现场总线技术及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社，1999
[8] 沈学东，王蔚然．现场总线技术综述．http://www.chinakong.net/asp/artical/index.asp
[9] 缪学勤．现场总线技术的最新进展．自动化仪表，2000(6)：1～4
[10] 李上所，郭强．现场总线技术及应用．http://www.chinakong.net/asp/artical/index.asp
[11] 崔玉川，傅涛．我国城市给水发展现状与特点．中国给水排水．1999(2)：5～9
[12] 汪光涛等．城市供水行业2000年技术进步发展规划．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1993
[13] 中华人民共和国国家标准生活饮用水卫生标准．引用标准：GB 5750-85《标准检验法》：GB17051-1997《二次供水设施卫生规范》；WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality,1993
[14] 杨超．浅析计算工业控制“四遥”系统及在自来水行业中的应用．中国电工技术学会水工业电工专委会第一届第二次年会暨技术交流会《论文集》．2000：139～146
[15] 孟明群．水厂集散控制系统．上海水务，2000(2)：18～20
[16] PROFIBUS Technology Description Version, April 1997
[17] 唐济扬．PROFIBUS技术．中国现场总线PROFIBUS技术资格中心，2001
[18] Andrew S．Tanenbaum．计算机网络．熊桂喜等译．北京：清华大学出版社，2000
[19] Profibus International. Profibus specification. PNO, Edition 1.0, Mar,1998
[20] IEC FDIS 61158-3(1999) Fieldbus for use in Industrial Control System. Part3: Data Link Service definition
[21] IEC FDIS 61158-5(1999) Fieldbus for use in Industrial Control System. Part5: Application Layer Service definition
[22] PROFIBUS Commnication and Proxy Function Blocks acc to IEC61131-3, V1.20. WG4, July, 2001
[23] Communication at field level PROFIBUS, Section B, FESTO DIDACTIC
[24] OPC Foundation. OPC Data Access Custom Interface Standard, Version 2.03. July 27, 1999. http://www.opcfoundation.org/OPC specification.htm
[25] AI Chisholm. OPC solves the I/O driver problem, Control Engineering, May, 1998:127～129
[26] Ashol K.Gupta, Benefits of various fieldbuses. The industrial networking show & conference. FieldComms, USA, 1997
[27] 苑明哲，柳长春等．多总线集成方法研究．工业仪表与自动化装置，2002(1)：6～9
[28] 李天虹．水厂自动化建设中的几点体会．中国电工技术学会水工业电工专委会第一届第二次年会暨技术交流会《论文集》，2000：123～126
[29] 张涛，孙利群．PLC自控系统在供水生产中的应用．高师理刊学科，2000，20(2)：78～80
[30] 李先衍，李顶，范书中．西门子SIMATIC PLC在九江市第三水厂中的应用．http://www.info.automation-online.com.cn
[31] SC-3000A单因子混凝投药测控系统使用说明书．北京精密单因子科技有限公司，2002
[32] Chem-Ad Series Diaphragm Metering Pump Operation & Maintenance Manual. USFilter Wallace&Tiernan Products, 2002
[33] Standard Application Program 5.2 for ACS 600 Frequency Converters. ACS 600 Firmware Manual. ABB Corporation, 2002
[34]赵相轩等．SIMATIC WinCC组态监控软件的体系结构及开发应用．PLC&FA，2001(1)：18～20，41
[35]工业通信网络及现场总线部件产品目录．SIEMENS，IK PI 2001，9
[36]STEP7 V5．0编程手册．西门子(中国)有限公司，2002
[37]周敬东，陈幼平，周组德等．基于Internet的现场总线技术及其实现．计算机工程与应用，2002(5)：253～256
[38] Caro R H. Ethernet will transform fieldbus. Hydrocarbon Processing, Jun,2000
[39] Michael Babb. Ethernet moves to the factory floor. Design News, Mar,20,2000
[40] Martin Wojeik, Ganesh Ranganathan. Ethernet and the web gang up process monitoring and control. ISA: InTech, September 2000
[41] Dick Johnson. Ethernet Edges Toward Process Control. Control Engineering, 1998,2
[2] 卞正刚．关于DCS的回顾与展望(转载)．http://www.controlit.com.cn/tech/default.asp
[3] 邵裕森，戴先中．过程控制工程．南京：东南大学出版社，2002
[4] 郭宗仁，吴亦锋等．可编程序控制器应用系统设计及通信网络技术．北京：人民邮电出版社，2002
[5] 吕金波．净配水厂计算机监控系统模式探讨．中国电工技术学会水工业电工专委会第一届第二次年会暨技术交流会论文集．2000：127～133
[6] 张新薇．DCS的基本结构和PLC的区别．http://www.controlit.com.cn/tech/default.asp
[7] 阳宪惠．现场总线技术及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社，1999
[8] 沈学东，王蔚然．现场总线技术综述．http://www.chinakong.net/asp/artical/index.asp
[9] 缪学勤．现场总线技术的最新进展．自动化仪表，2000(6)：1～4
[10] 李上所，郭强．现场总线技术及应用．http://www.chinakong.net/asp/artical/index.asp
[11] 崔玉川，傅涛．我国城市给水发展现状与特点．中国给水排水．1999(2)：5～9
[12] 汪光涛等．城市供水行业2000年技术进步发展规划．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1993
[13] 中华人民共和国国家标准生活饮用水卫生标准．引用标准：GB 5750-85《标准检验法》：GB17051-1997《二次供水设施卫生规范》；WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality,1993
[14] 杨超．浅析计算工业控制“四遥”系统及在自来水行业中的应用．中国电工技术学会水工业电工专委会第一届第二次年会暨技术交流会《论文集》．2000：139～146
[15] 孟明群．水厂集散控制系统．上海水务，2000(2)：18～20
[16] PROFIBUS Technology Description Version, April 1997
[17] 唐济扬．PROFIBUS技术．中国现场总线PROFIBUS技术资格中心，2001
[18] Andrew S．Tanenbaum．计算机网络．熊桂喜等译．北京：清华大学出版社，2000
[19] Profibus International. Profibus specification. PNO, Edition 1.0, Mar,1998
[20] IEC FDIS 61158-3(1999) Fieldbus for use in Industrial Control System. Part3: Data Link Service definition
[21] IEC FDIS 61158-5(1999) Fieldbus for use in Industrial Control System. Part5: Application Layer Service definition
[22] PROFIBUS Commnication and Proxy Function Blocks acc to IEC61131-3, V1.20. WG4, July, 2001
[23] Communication at field level PROFIBUS, Section B, FESTO DIDACTIC
[24] OPC Foundation. OPC Data Access Custom Interface Standard, Version 2.03. July 27, 1999. http://www.opcfoundation.org/OPC specification.htm
[25] AI Chisholm. OPC solves the I/O driver problem, Control Engineering, May, 1998:127～129
[26] Ashol K.Gupta, Benefits of various fieldbuses. The industrial networking show & conference. FieldComms, USA, 1997
[27] 苑明哲，柳长春等．多总线集成方法研究．工业仪表与自动化装置，2002(1)：6～9
[28] 李天虹．水厂自动化建设中的几点体会．中国电工技术学会水工业电工专委会第一届第二次年会暨技术交流会《论文集》，2000：123～126
[29] 张涛，孙利群．PLC自控系统在供水生产中的应用．高师理刊学科，2000，20(2)：78～80
[30] 李先衍，李顶，范书中．西门子SIMATIC PLC在九江市第三水厂中的应用．http://www.info.automation-online.com.cn
[31] SC-3000A单因子混凝投药测控系统使用说明书．北京精密单因子科技有限公司，2002
[32] Chem-Ad Series Diaphragm Metering Pump Operation & Maintenance Manual. USFilter Wallace&Tiernan Products, 2002
[33] Standard Application Program 5.2 for ACS 600 Frequency Converters. ACS 600 Firmware Manual. ABB Corporation, 2002
[34]赵相轩等．SIMATIC WinCC组态监控软件的体系结构及开发应用．PLC&FA，2001(1)：18～20，41
[35]工业通信网络及现场总线部件产品目录．SIEMENS，IK PI 2001，9
[36]STEP7 V5．0编程手册．西门子(中国)有限公司，2002
[37]周敬东，陈幼平，周组德等．基于Internet的现场总线技术及其实现．计算机工程与应用，2002(5)：253～256
[38] Caro R H. Ethernet will transform fieldbus. Hydrocarbon Processing, Jun,2000
[39] Michael Babb. Ethernet moves to the factory floor. Design News, Mar,20,2000
[40] Martin Wojeik, Ganesh Ranganathan. Ethernet and the web gang up process monitoring and control. ISA: InTech, September 2000
[41] Dick Johnson. Ethernet Edges Toward Process Control. Control Engineering, 1998,2