知识视角下中国汽车供应商关系对供应商绩效的影响研究
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摘要
随着知识经济时代的来临和经济日益全球化和一体化,中国汽车制造业的环境已发生了急剧而深刻的变化。在市场竞争越来越激烈的今天,充分获取和利用外部资源已成为企业赢得竞争优势的新的途径。在知识经济和全球化趋势下企业之间的合作日益密切,企业将越来越依靠外部资源获得竞争优势,改善和管理好企业与外部实体之间的联系也将成为提升我国汽车业竞争力的新途径。在汽车供应商地位日益重要的今天,研究汽车供应商关系对供应商绩效的影响具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。
本论文提出的核心问题是:对于中国汽车产业,供应商关系如何影响供应商绩效?本文试图从知识的视角研究和回答这一问题,具体包括:(1)汽车供应商关系是否对汽车供应商绩效产生影响?(2)知识是否在汽车供应商关系影响供应商绩效过程中发挥中介作用?(3)汽车制造商—供应商和供应商—供应商这两种关系的特征及影响供应商绩效的方式有无差异?
在分析国内外相关研究的基础上,提出了汽车供应商关系影响供应商绩效的概念模型,并以中国汽车供应商为对象,研究了汽车供应商关系的不同维度与各供应商绩效维度之间的关系,并着重分析了知识在此关系中的作用。本论文研究的目的是通过实证方式研究供应商关系与供应商绩效之间的联系,研究供应商关系如何作用于知识并影响供应商绩效。
本研究利用调查问卷作为收集数据的主要手段。以汽车供应商为主要抽样单位,调查问卷共发出166份,回收有效问卷84份,有效问卷率50.6%。在数据处理过程中,主要利用因子分析、相关分析和结构方程模型等方法对模型所包含的假设进行了实证检验。通过理论分析和实证研究,本研究主要得到了如下结论:
(1)在不考虑知识创造、知识转移、知识共享、组织学习作用的情况下,中国汽车制造商—供应商关系的信任维、柔性维的水平对提升供应商产品供货绩效具有积极显著的作用,沟通维则没有产生显著影响;而中国汽车供应商—供应商关系的沟通维、信任维和柔性维的水平对提升供应商产品供货绩效均具有积极显著的作用。此外,两种关系下产品供货绩效均对产品创新绩效具有显著作用。
(2)基于结构方程模型分析,证实了目前我国汽车供应商关系的沟通维、信任维、柔性维通过影响知识创造、知识转移、知识共享与组织学习等知识作用并通过其正向影响供应商产品创新绩效的概念模型是可以接受的。
(3)对构建的模型进行了路径分析和效应分解,结果部分证实了知识创造、知识转移、知识共享、组织学习的中介作用的存在(SEM显示供应商关系并未对产品创新绩效产生直接作用),即在中国汽车制造商—供应商关系中沟通、信任、柔性维对供应商知识创造、知识转移、知识共享、组织学习具有不同程度的积极作用,且仅有知识转移对于供应商的产品创新绩效具有显著影响;而在中国汽车供应商—供应商关系中沟通、信任、柔性维对供应商知识创造、知识转移、知识共享、组织学习都具有基本相同的积极作用,且仅有组织学习对于供应商的产品创新绩效具有显著影响。
(4)通过对比分析中国汽车制造商—供应商和供应商—供应商这两种供应商关系的测量模型,发现它们在沟通、信任、柔性三个关系维度,知识创造、知识转移、知识共享和组织学习四种知识作用,以及供应商绩效等方面均存在差异。
With the emergence of knowledge economy and globalization and integration of economy, the China automotive manufacturing environment has made rapid and deep change. Due to the more and more intensive market competition nowadays, it is a new approach of gaining competition advantage by fully exertion and utilization of exterior resources. In the trend of knowledge economy and globalization, enterprises are becoming more cooperative and dependent on exterior resource in order to gain competition advantage, it is also a new approach to improve competition capability for our national automotive industry by management amelioration of relationship between enterprise and exterior entities. In the situation that automotive suppliers are playing a more important role, it has important theoretical implication and practical value for investigation the influence on supplier performance by automotive relationship.
The core question given by this paper is: as for China automotive industry, how to affect supplier performance by supplier relationship? This paper tries to study and answer the question on the knowledge perspective. The question includes: (1) Whether it can affect automotive supplier performance by supplier relationship? (2) Does knowledge play mediatory role in the process of automotive supplier relationship affecting supplier performance? (3) Is there difference between automotive manufacturing-supplier relationship and supplier-supplier relationship in terms of features and way of affecting supplier performance for these two type of relationship?
Based on the native and foreign related research, it proposes a conceptual model of automotive supplier relationship affecting supplier performance. Taking the China automotive suppliers as study object, it investigates the relationship between different dimensions of automotive supplier relationship and that of supplier performance. It mainly analyzes the mediatory role of knowledge for the relationship. This study aims to find the relationship between supplier relationship and supplier performance, and find how supplier relationship affects supplier performance.
The study employs survey questionnaire as the main tool of collecting data. Taking the automotive suppliers as the main samples, 166 questionnaires were issued yielding 84 available returns, and the available questionnaire rate is 50.6%. For data dealing, it mainly employs methods of factor analysis, bivariate variable analysis and structural equation model to empirical test the hypothesis embedded in the model. Conducting theoretical analysis and empirical study, it mainly addresses the following conclusions:
(1) When ignoring the knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning, the trust and flexibility dimensions of China automotive manufacturing-supplier relationship have significant positive influence on supplier’s product supplying performance, whereas the communication dimension has not significant influence. As for China automotive supplier-supplier relationship, all of its communication, trust and flexibility dimension have significant positive influence on supplierr’s product supplying performance. Additionally, for both of these two types of relationships, the supplierr’s product supplying performance has significant positive influence on supplier’s product innovation performance.
(2) Based on structural equation model analysis, it verifies that the proposed concept model can be accepted for China automotive supplier relationship. In the model, the communication, trust and flexibility dimensions have significant positive influence on supplier product innovation performance mediated by knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning,
(3) It has conducted path analysis and effects decomposition related to the proposed model. The analysis result has partially verified the mediating roles of knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning (SEM does not show the direct effect on product innovation performance). For China automotive manufacturing-supplier relationship, all of communication, trust and flexibility dimensions have significant different positive influence on knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning, and only knowledge transfer has significant positive impose on supplier product innovation performance. For China automotive supplier-supplier relationship, all of communication, trust and flexibility dimensions have almost same impose on knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning, and only organization learning has significant positive influence on supplier product innovation performance.
(4) Through comparative analysis of the measurement model of the two types of China automotive manufacturing-supplier relationship and supplier-supplier relationship, it has found that they are different in the three dimensions of communication, trust and flexibility, four types of knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning, and supplier performance.
本论文提出的核心问题是:对于中国汽车产业,供应商关系如何影响供应商绩效?本文试图从知识的视角研究和回答这一问题,具体包括:(1)汽车供应商关系是否对汽车供应商绩效产生影响?(2)知识是否在汽车供应商关系影响供应商绩效过程中发挥中介作用?(3)汽车制造商—供应商和供应商—供应商这两种关系的特征及影响供应商绩效的方式有无差异?
在分析国内外相关研究的基础上,提出了汽车供应商关系影响供应商绩效的概念模型,并以中国汽车供应商为对象,研究了汽车供应商关系的不同维度与各供应商绩效维度之间的关系,并着重分析了知识在此关系中的作用。本论文研究的目的是通过实证方式研究供应商关系与供应商绩效之间的联系,研究供应商关系如何作用于知识并影响供应商绩效。
本研究利用调查问卷作为收集数据的主要手段。以汽车供应商为主要抽样单位,调查问卷共发出166份,回收有效问卷84份,有效问卷率50.6%。在数据处理过程中,主要利用因子分析、相关分析和结构方程模型等方法对模型所包含的假设进行了实证检验。通过理论分析和实证研究,本研究主要得到了如下结论:
(1)在不考虑知识创造、知识转移、知识共享、组织学习作用的情况下,中国汽车制造商—供应商关系的信任维、柔性维的水平对提升供应商产品供货绩效具有积极显著的作用,沟通维则没有产生显著影响;而中国汽车供应商—供应商关系的沟通维、信任维和柔性维的水平对提升供应商产品供货绩效均具有积极显著的作用。此外,两种关系下产品供货绩效均对产品创新绩效具有显著作用。
(2)基于结构方程模型分析,证实了目前我国汽车供应商关系的沟通维、信任维、柔性维通过影响知识创造、知识转移、知识共享与组织学习等知识作用并通过其正向影响供应商产品创新绩效的概念模型是可以接受的。
(3)对构建的模型进行了路径分析和效应分解,结果部分证实了知识创造、知识转移、知识共享、组织学习的中介作用的存在(SEM显示供应商关系并未对产品创新绩效产生直接作用),即在中国汽车制造商—供应商关系中沟通、信任、柔性维对供应商知识创造、知识转移、知识共享、组织学习具有不同程度的积极作用,且仅有知识转移对于供应商的产品创新绩效具有显著影响;而在中国汽车供应商—供应商关系中沟通、信任、柔性维对供应商知识创造、知识转移、知识共享、组织学习都具有基本相同的积极作用,且仅有组织学习对于供应商的产品创新绩效具有显著影响。
(4)通过对比分析中国汽车制造商—供应商和供应商—供应商这两种供应商关系的测量模型,发现它们在沟通、信任、柔性三个关系维度,知识创造、知识转移、知识共享和组织学习四种知识作用,以及供应商绩效等方面均存在差异。
With the emergence of knowledge economy and globalization and integration of economy, the China automotive manufacturing environment has made rapid and deep change. Due to the more and more intensive market competition nowadays, it is a new approach of gaining competition advantage by fully exertion and utilization of exterior resources. In the trend of knowledge economy and globalization, enterprises are becoming more cooperative and dependent on exterior resource in order to gain competition advantage, it is also a new approach to improve competition capability for our national automotive industry by management amelioration of relationship between enterprise and exterior entities. In the situation that automotive suppliers are playing a more important role, it has important theoretical implication and practical value for investigation the influence on supplier performance by automotive relationship.
The core question given by this paper is: as for China automotive industry, how to affect supplier performance by supplier relationship? This paper tries to study and answer the question on the knowledge perspective. The question includes: (1) Whether it can affect automotive supplier performance by supplier relationship? (2) Does knowledge play mediatory role in the process of automotive supplier relationship affecting supplier performance? (3) Is there difference between automotive manufacturing-supplier relationship and supplier-supplier relationship in terms of features and way of affecting supplier performance for these two type of relationship?
Based on the native and foreign related research, it proposes a conceptual model of automotive supplier relationship affecting supplier performance. Taking the China automotive suppliers as study object, it investigates the relationship between different dimensions of automotive supplier relationship and that of supplier performance. It mainly analyzes the mediatory role of knowledge for the relationship. This study aims to find the relationship between supplier relationship and supplier performance, and find how supplier relationship affects supplier performance.
The study employs survey questionnaire as the main tool of collecting data. Taking the automotive suppliers as the main samples, 166 questionnaires were issued yielding 84 available returns, and the available questionnaire rate is 50.6%. For data dealing, it mainly employs methods of factor analysis, bivariate variable analysis and structural equation model to empirical test the hypothesis embedded in the model. Conducting theoretical analysis and empirical study, it mainly addresses the following conclusions:
(1) When ignoring the knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning, the trust and flexibility dimensions of China automotive manufacturing-supplier relationship have significant positive influence on supplier’s product supplying performance, whereas the communication dimension has not significant influence. As for China automotive supplier-supplier relationship, all of its communication, trust and flexibility dimension have significant positive influence on supplierr’s product supplying performance. Additionally, for both of these two types of relationships, the supplierr’s product supplying performance has significant positive influence on supplier’s product innovation performance.
(2) Based on structural equation model analysis, it verifies that the proposed concept model can be accepted for China automotive supplier relationship. In the model, the communication, trust and flexibility dimensions have significant positive influence on supplier product innovation performance mediated by knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning,
(3) It has conducted path analysis and effects decomposition related to the proposed model. The analysis result has partially verified the mediating roles of knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning (SEM does not show the direct effect on product innovation performance). For China automotive manufacturing-supplier relationship, all of communication, trust and flexibility dimensions have significant different positive influence on knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning, and only knowledge transfer has significant positive impose on supplier product innovation performance. For China automotive supplier-supplier relationship, all of communication, trust and flexibility dimensions have almost same impose on knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning, and only organization learning has significant positive influence on supplier product innovation performance.
(4) Through comparative analysis of the measurement model of the two types of China automotive manufacturing-supplier relationship and supplier-supplier relationship, it has found that they are different in the three dimensions of communication, trust and flexibility, four types of knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing, and organization learning, and supplier performance.
引文
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