井楼一区核三段高分辨率层序地层及储层特征研究
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摘要
以沉积学和高分辨率层序地层学理论作指导,利用岩心资料、钻井资料、测井资料和岩心分析资料,确定各级次基准面旋回的沉积动力学特征,将井楼油田核三段Ⅲ油组划分为一个上升半旋回和一个下降半旋回及13个短期旋回,建立井楼油田核三段Ⅲ油组高分辨率层序地层格架,归纳出扇三角洲高分辨率层序地层对比技术及方法。
用多种物源分析的方法,确认井楼油田核三段Ⅲ油组沉积不仅受南东部近源长桥扇三角洲主要物源控制,而且还受北东向远源古城三角洲前缘次要物源的影响。在双物源的控制作用下,建立高频层序地层格架,进行短期旋回沉积微相研究,分析沉积微相垂向演变及平面展布特征。
明确核三段Ⅲ油组主要形成近源扇三角洲环境,主要发育扇三角洲前缘亚相和前扇三角洲亚相。砂体主要以顺源展布水下分流河道砂和河控薄砂为主。短期基准面旋回SSC2沉积时期为最大水退时期。在各旋回发育期物源方向基本均为南东物源,但物源供应及沉积特征不同,各旋回砂岩的分布规律存在明显差异,在砂体分布范围内,旋回砂体分布较连续；主要发育在SSC6-SSC3和SSC11-SSC8,呈连续分布且厚薄相间的分布特点,总体上高厚值在南部的片状,向北演变为条带状,延伸方向基本为南东一北西向。SSC2南部砂体分布范围较小,中部砂体不发育,北部受东北及北部物源影响,砂体发育厚；其余旋回砂体分布范围基本集中南部和中部,但北部砂体多不发育。
通过对取心井单井微相分析及划分,确定为扇三角洲前缘亚相和前扇三角洲亚相,细划水下分流河道主河道中心砂体、水下分流河道侧砂体、水下溢岸砂体、河口坝、前缘席状砂、重力流、分流间湾和前扇三角洲泥等8种微相类型,建立典型测井相模式,刻画沉积微相在平面上的展布特征。
依据储层特征,建立泥质、物性和钙质隔夹层识别标准,详述隔夹层平面和垂向上分布规律,明确隔夹层在稠油蒸汽驱油中的控制作用。旋回间隔夹层均有稳定发育,但是SSC4-SSC3、SSC5-SSC4和SSC9-SSC8旋回间具有不稳定隔层；旋回内夹层发育较复杂,利用夹层厚度、夹层个数、夹层分布频率和分布密度进行表征,总体上,旋回内夹层平面上多为不稳定分布,难于横向对比,井间连通状况差。
与生产动态相结合,应用本次储层沉积微相及储层物性分布特征的研究成果,评价研究区开发效果,确定各旋回含油面积内开发程度；总结归纳出,靠近南东部物源的研究区南部和中部,水下分流河道中心砂体与河侧砂体或水下溢岸的厚度变化带为剩余油富集区。依据核三段Ⅲ油组隔夹层分布特征和生产相结合,稠油油藏蒸汽驱油后,隔夹层发育附近也是剩余油分布聚集带,是有利挖潜区,同时还可以考虑将发育稳定隔夹层井区进行旋回组合分层开采。
Under the guide of sedimentology and high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, this paper determines features of sedimentary dynamics in each secondary base-level cycle and divides III Oil Formation of He-3Member in Jinglou Oilfield into one rising semi-cycle, one descending semi-cycle and13short-term cycles by using core information, drilling data, logging data and core analysis data. It establishes the high-resolution sequence framework of III Oil Formation in He-3Member and summarizes the technical method of high resolution sequence stratigraphic correlation for the fan delta.
With several provenance analysis methods, the paper determines that the sediment of III Oil Formation in He-3Member is not only affected by the near-source Changqiao fan delta in the southeast, but also by the far-source Gucheng delta front in the northeast, known as a secondary provenance. The paper establishes the high-resolution sequence framework, studies microfacies in short-term cycles and analyzes their features of the vertical evolution and plane distribution under the control of two provenances.
The study shows that Ⅲ Oil Formation in He-3Member is mainly near-source fan delta environment and develops delta-front facies as well as pro-fan delta facies. The sand bodies mainly are underwater distributary channel sand and thin layers of river-controlled sand that developed along provenances. The sedimentary period of SSC2short-term base-level cycle is the maximum water receding period. During the developing period of each cycle, the provenances are all from southeast. However, the material supply and sedimentary characteristics are different and there is an explicit difference in sandstone distribution laws in each cycle. Within distribution ranges, sand bodies in each cycle have a continuous distribution and mainly are developed in SSC6-SSC3and SSC11-SSC8, featured with continuous distribution and thick layers alternate with thin ones. Overall, the high thickness values are sheet-like distribution in the south, evolving into strip-like distribution in the north. The extending direction is mainly southeast-northwest. In SSC2, distribution ranges of sand body in the south are relatively small while those in the center are not developed, and those in the north are thick due to the influnce of northeastern and northern provenances. Sand bodies in other cycles are mainly developed in the south and center while few are in the north.
Through single-well microfacies analysis and partition for cored wells, the paper determines that sub phases in the study area mainly are fan delta front and pro-fan delta, further subdivided into central sand body of main channel in underwater distributary channel, sand body along the river side in underwater distributary channel, underwater overbank sand body, debouch bar, front sheet sand, gravity flow, shunt between the bay and front fan delta mud, totally8microfacies types. It establishes typical logging phase modes and depicts microfacies distribution laws in plane.
Based on reservoir charateristics, the paper establishes identification standards of shale, physical properties and calcium intercalation, describes intercalation distribution laws in plane and vertical section in detail and explicitly points out their roles in controlling steam flooding for heavy oil. Most intercalations between cycles are stable except for unstable ones between SSC4and SSC3, SSC5and SSC4, SSC9and SSC8. Interlayers developed within cycles are complicated. By utilizing thickness, interlayer numbers, distribution frequency and the distribution density to characterize them, it shows that overall, most interlayers within cycles are distributed unstably in plane and hard to laterally correlate and trace. The interwell communication is in poor condition.
Combing with the production performance and utilizing the study result of reservoir sedimentary microfacies as well as reservoir physical property distribution laws, the paper evaluates the development effect of the study area and identifies the development degree within the oil-bearing area in each cycle. It summarizes the following points. In the south and center of study area closed to southeastern provenance, thickness variation ranges between the central sand body in underwater distributary channel and sand body along the river side or underwater underwater overbank sand body are riched in remaining oil. According to the combination of intercalation distribution features and the production in III Oil Formation of He-3Member, areas near intercalations are also abundant in remaining oil for potential trapping after the steam flooding for heavy oil reserviors. At the same time, cycle combination mining can be taken into consideration in well blocks that are developed with stable intercalations.
用多种物源分析的方法,确认井楼油田核三段Ⅲ油组沉积不仅受南东部近源长桥扇三角洲主要物源控制,而且还受北东向远源古城三角洲前缘次要物源的影响。在双物源的控制作用下,建立高频层序地层格架,进行短期旋回沉积微相研究,分析沉积微相垂向演变及平面展布特征。
明确核三段Ⅲ油组主要形成近源扇三角洲环境,主要发育扇三角洲前缘亚相和前扇三角洲亚相。砂体主要以顺源展布水下分流河道砂和河控薄砂为主。短期基准面旋回SSC2沉积时期为最大水退时期。在各旋回发育期物源方向基本均为南东物源,但物源供应及沉积特征不同,各旋回砂岩的分布规律存在明显差异,在砂体分布范围内,旋回砂体分布较连续；主要发育在SSC6-SSC3和SSC11-SSC8,呈连续分布且厚薄相间的分布特点,总体上高厚值在南部的片状,向北演变为条带状,延伸方向基本为南东一北西向。SSC2南部砂体分布范围较小,中部砂体不发育,北部受东北及北部物源影响,砂体发育厚；其余旋回砂体分布范围基本集中南部和中部,但北部砂体多不发育。
通过对取心井单井微相分析及划分,确定为扇三角洲前缘亚相和前扇三角洲亚相,细划水下分流河道主河道中心砂体、水下分流河道侧砂体、水下溢岸砂体、河口坝、前缘席状砂、重力流、分流间湾和前扇三角洲泥等8种微相类型,建立典型测井相模式,刻画沉积微相在平面上的展布特征。
依据储层特征,建立泥质、物性和钙质隔夹层识别标准,详述隔夹层平面和垂向上分布规律,明确隔夹层在稠油蒸汽驱油中的控制作用。旋回间隔夹层均有稳定发育,但是SSC4-SSC3、SSC5-SSC4和SSC9-SSC8旋回间具有不稳定隔层；旋回内夹层发育较复杂,利用夹层厚度、夹层个数、夹层分布频率和分布密度进行表征,总体上,旋回内夹层平面上多为不稳定分布,难于横向对比,井间连通状况差。
与生产动态相结合,应用本次储层沉积微相及储层物性分布特征的研究成果,评价研究区开发效果,确定各旋回含油面积内开发程度；总结归纳出,靠近南东部物源的研究区南部和中部,水下分流河道中心砂体与河侧砂体或水下溢岸的厚度变化带为剩余油富集区。依据核三段Ⅲ油组隔夹层分布特征和生产相结合,稠油油藏蒸汽驱油后,隔夹层发育附近也是剩余油分布聚集带,是有利挖潜区,同时还可以考虑将发育稳定隔夹层井区进行旋回组合分层开采。
Under the guide of sedimentology and high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, this paper determines features of sedimentary dynamics in each secondary base-level cycle and divides III Oil Formation of He-3Member in Jinglou Oilfield into one rising semi-cycle, one descending semi-cycle and13short-term cycles by using core information, drilling data, logging data and core analysis data. It establishes the high-resolution sequence framework of III Oil Formation in He-3Member and summarizes the technical method of high resolution sequence stratigraphic correlation for the fan delta.
With several provenance analysis methods, the paper determines that the sediment of III Oil Formation in He-3Member is not only affected by the near-source Changqiao fan delta in the southeast, but also by the far-source Gucheng delta front in the northeast, known as a secondary provenance. The paper establishes the high-resolution sequence framework, studies microfacies in short-term cycles and analyzes their features of the vertical evolution and plane distribution under the control of two provenances.
The study shows that Ⅲ Oil Formation in He-3Member is mainly near-source fan delta environment and develops delta-front facies as well as pro-fan delta facies. The sand bodies mainly are underwater distributary channel sand and thin layers of river-controlled sand that developed along provenances. The sedimentary period of SSC2short-term base-level cycle is the maximum water receding period. During the developing period of each cycle, the provenances are all from southeast. However, the material supply and sedimentary characteristics are different and there is an explicit difference in sandstone distribution laws in each cycle. Within distribution ranges, sand bodies in each cycle have a continuous distribution and mainly are developed in SSC6-SSC3and SSC11-SSC8, featured with continuous distribution and thick layers alternate with thin ones. Overall, the high thickness values are sheet-like distribution in the south, evolving into strip-like distribution in the north. The extending direction is mainly southeast-northwest. In SSC2, distribution ranges of sand body in the south are relatively small while those in the center are not developed, and those in the north are thick due to the influnce of northeastern and northern provenances. Sand bodies in other cycles are mainly developed in the south and center while few are in the north.
Through single-well microfacies analysis and partition for cored wells, the paper determines that sub phases in the study area mainly are fan delta front and pro-fan delta, further subdivided into central sand body of main channel in underwater distributary channel, sand body along the river side in underwater distributary channel, underwater overbank sand body, debouch bar, front sheet sand, gravity flow, shunt between the bay and front fan delta mud, totally8microfacies types. It establishes typical logging phase modes and depicts microfacies distribution laws in plane.
Based on reservoir charateristics, the paper establishes identification standards of shale, physical properties and calcium intercalation, describes intercalation distribution laws in plane and vertical section in detail and explicitly points out their roles in controlling steam flooding for heavy oil. Most intercalations between cycles are stable except for unstable ones between SSC4and SSC3, SSC5and SSC4, SSC9and SSC8. Interlayers developed within cycles are complicated. By utilizing thickness, interlayer numbers, distribution frequency and the distribution density to characterize them, it shows that overall, most interlayers within cycles are distributed unstably in plane and hard to laterally correlate and trace. The interwell communication is in poor condition.
Combing with the production performance and utilizing the study result of reservoir sedimentary microfacies as well as reservoir physical property distribution laws, the paper evaluates the development effect of the study area and identifies the development degree within the oil-bearing area in each cycle. It summarizes the following points. In the south and center of study area closed to southeastern provenance, thickness variation ranges between the central sand body in underwater distributary channel and sand body along the river side or underwater underwater overbank sand body are riched in remaining oil. According to the combination of intercalation distribution features and the production in III Oil Formation of He-3Member, areas near intercalations are also abundant in remaining oil for potential trapping after the steam flooding for heavy oil reserviors. At the same time, cycle combination mining can be taken into consideration in well blocks that are developed with stable intercalations.
引文
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