电力机车自动过接触网相分段技术的研究及实现
|
摘要
对交流接触网，在由不同相位供电区段的交界点，必须装设电分相装置。司机在过分时必须适时操作机车主断路器及升降弓。但是，如果司机来不及操作，机车就带电闯过中性区，容易烧损接触网设备，因此，发展自动过分相装置势在必行。
首先，作者参与设计了一套自动过分相装置，它采用柱上开关和地面控制相结合的方式，并使用了开关同步关合技术，使真空断路器在电压过零处合闸，有效的抑制了过电压和涌流。传感器子系统采用微波通信，一主一备，大大减小了漏报和误报的故障率。同时，在系统发生故障后，几个电动隔离开关的连锁动作，自动切换到人工过分相的方式，并点亮高亮度LED断合标，提示司机正确操作。
其次，论文指出在整个自动过分相过程中，能否有效的抑制住过电压和涌流，关系到整个系统的成败，并在第3章详细地分析了自动过分相过程中过电压和涌流产生的机理，然后用MATLAB／Simulink建立了电力机车模型，仿真出自动过分相过程中中性段的电压和电流，并对真空开关进行了模拟试验，最终提出了这套自动过分相装置中抑制和解决过电压和涌流的方法。
然后，根据系统的控制要求和保护原理，使用GE Harris的多功能电子设备D25及其编程软件CONFIG PRO进行了控制系统设计。
最后，作者在电气化铁道川黔线凉风垭至新场段进行了现场试验，采集了电力机车自动过分相时机车上和接触网一次侧的电压和电流波形，并在论文最后对实录波形进行了分析。最终得出结论：这是一套较为经济、简单、可靠、实用的自动过分相装置。
There is a cross point between different phases in A. C. catenaries and we set Phase splitting device in order to avoid Short-circuit accidents when Pantograph slip and short different phases. Usually, we call Phase splitting as Phase Insulator, which is composed of two-glass fiber reinforced plastic. The section without power between the two Insulators is called Neutral Section. The symbols, which are marked with opening, closing and forbidding rising two Pantographs, are located at the ends of the Phase Splitter. And these symbols prompt drivers to trip the LINE CIRCUIT-BREAKER, and rise or lower Pantograph when an Electric locomotive passes the Phase Splitting. It not only bothers drivers but also increases unsafe factors if drivers operate unseasonably or incorrectly because the series of steps must be finished in a short time. At the same time, when the motor is running at a steep slope, it will loss a great much of velocity, and people in the train will feel uncomfortable, so economic profit will be affected. At this situation, several of Automatic Passing Phase Splitting Devices are come into being.
Firstly, the paper studies a kind Automatic Passing Phase Splitting Device that uses the mode of combining the controlling on the earth and switching Breaker on the wire pole, and utilizes the technology of closing the Breaker at the point of voltage wave crossing zero to restrain the over-voltage and over-current. The sensor system makes use of microwave communication technology. And there have two suits system. One is most and the other is spare. This method decreases faults and wrongly-report rate. At the same time, when the system is running wrongly, the mode of Automatic Passing Phase Splitting will be transferred to one Manual Passing Phase Splitting by
switching several isolating switches and powering the LED symbol.
Secondly, the paper also discusses principles of occurring over-voltage and over-current at details. By emulating and computing, the paper puts forward the method of restraining the over-voltage and over-current at last.
Thirdly, According to the principle of control and protect, the paper programs the controlling system with the Multifunction Electronic Device (D25) and its programming software (CONFIG PRO).
At last, the paper analyzes on-the-spot survey wave and data, and draws the conclusion that this Automatic Passing Phase Splitting Device is economical, simple, reliable and applicable.
首先，作者参与设计了一套自动过分相装置，它采用柱上开关和地面控制相结合的方式，并使用了开关同步关合技术，使真空断路器在电压过零处合闸，有效的抑制了过电压和涌流。传感器子系统采用微波通信，一主一备，大大减小了漏报和误报的故障率。同时，在系统发生故障后，几个电动隔离开关的连锁动作，自动切换到人工过分相的方式，并点亮高亮度LED断合标，提示司机正确操作。
其次，论文指出在整个自动过分相过程中，能否有效的抑制住过电压和涌流，关系到整个系统的成败，并在第3章详细地分析了自动过分相过程中过电压和涌流产生的机理，然后用MATLAB／Simulink建立了电力机车模型，仿真出自动过分相过程中中性段的电压和电流，并对真空开关进行了模拟试验，最终提出了这套自动过分相装置中抑制和解决过电压和涌流的方法。
然后，根据系统的控制要求和保护原理，使用GE Harris的多功能电子设备D25及其编程软件CONFIG PRO进行了控制系统设计。
最后，作者在电气化铁道川黔线凉风垭至新场段进行了现场试验，采集了电力机车自动过分相时机车上和接触网一次侧的电压和电流波形，并在论文最后对实录波形进行了分析。最终得出结论：这是一套较为经济、简单、可靠、实用的自动过分相装置。
There is a cross point between different phases in A. C. catenaries and we set Phase splitting device in order to avoid Short-circuit accidents when Pantograph slip and short different phases. Usually, we call Phase splitting as Phase Insulator, which is composed of two-glass fiber reinforced plastic. The section without power between the two Insulators is called Neutral Section. The symbols, which are marked with opening, closing and forbidding rising two Pantographs, are located at the ends of the Phase Splitter. And these symbols prompt drivers to trip the LINE CIRCUIT-BREAKER, and rise or lower Pantograph when an Electric locomotive passes the Phase Splitting. It not only bothers drivers but also increases unsafe factors if drivers operate unseasonably or incorrectly because the series of steps must be finished in a short time. At the same time, when the motor is running at a steep slope, it will loss a great much of velocity, and people in the train will feel uncomfortable, so economic profit will be affected. At this situation, several of Automatic Passing Phase Splitting Devices are come into being.
Firstly, the paper studies a kind Automatic Passing Phase Splitting Device that uses the mode of combining the controlling on the earth and switching Breaker on the wire pole, and utilizes the technology of closing the Breaker at the point of voltage wave crossing zero to restrain the over-voltage and over-current. The sensor system makes use of microwave communication technology. And there have two suits system. One is most and the other is spare. This method decreases faults and wrongly-report rate. At the same time, when the system is running wrongly, the mode of Automatic Passing Phase Splitting will be transferred to one Manual Passing Phase Splitting by
switching several isolating switches and powering the LED symbol.
Secondly, the paper also discusses principles of occurring over-voltage and over-current at details. By emulating and computing, the paper puts forward the method of restraining the over-voltage and over-current at last.
Thirdly, According to the principle of control and protect, the paper programs the controlling system with the Multifunction Electronic Device (D25) and its programming software (CONFIG PRO).
At last, the paper analyzes on-the-spot survey wave and data, and draws the conclusion that this Automatic Passing Phase Splitting Device is economical, simple, reliable and applicable.
引文
[1]于万聚．电气化铁道概论．中国铁道出版社．1985
[2]Hollingsworth B. Locomotive modern. ParisNathan, 1984
[3]严云升． 电力机车自动．国内外自动过分相装置的比较．电气化铁道，2002(2)
[5]郭保青，余祖俊，许西宁，史红梅．仿人控制的电力机车自动过分相装置研究．铁道学报，2002(6)
[6]kuffel, Sorensen. High-voltage engineering fundamentals. Pergamon, 1984
[7]Naidu M S, Kamaraju V. High voltage engineering. New DelhiTata McGraw-Hill, 1981
[8]解广润．电力系统过电压．水利电力出版社，1985
[9]E．斯拉麦卡，W．瓦特西．高低压电网中的暂态过程计算原理． 程积高．机械工业出版社，1983
[10]郭育华，连级三，张昆仑．自动过分相对电力机车的影响．机车电传动，2000(2)．
[11]徐名通．电力变压器的运行与检修．水利电力出版社，1989
[12]徐树铨．电力变压器运行．水利电力出版社，1993
[13]Lee Reuben, Wilson Leo. Electronic transformers and circuit sa practical technology of the power transformer. New YorkJohn wiley & sons, 1988
[14]季霍米罗夫，徐嘉诰．变压器计算．机械工业出版社，1960
[15]郭育华，连级三，邹滨．自动过分相过电压仿真分析．铁道学报，1999(21)增刊
[16]高景德，张麟征．电机过渡过程的基本理论及分析方法．科学出版社，1983
[17]铁道部电气化工程局电气化勘察设计院．牵引供电系统．中国铁道出版社，1988
[18]范影乐，杨胜天，李轶．MATLAB仿真应用详解．人民邮电出版社，2001
[19]程卫国，冯峰，王雪梅，刘艺．MATLAB5.3精要编程及高级应
用．机械工业出版社，2000
[20]薛定宇，陈阳泉．基于MATLAB/Simulink的系统仿真技术与应用．清华大学出版社，2003
[21]刘友梅．韶山3型4000系电力机车．中国铁道出版社，1996
[22]李曙辉，张进思，李群湛．SS3型电力机车牵引运行仿真．铁道学报，1993(6)
[23]陈开运．主断路器．中国铁道出版社，1984
[24]黄石柱．李建华，赵娟，夏道止．基于MATLAB的电力机车数字仿真模型．电力系统自动化，2002(4)
[25]林莘．现代高压电器技术．机械工业出版社，2002
[26]赵四洪．基于电力机车不同工况的负荷谐波分析与仿真．西南交通大学硕士研究生论文，2003
[27]贾大义，艾高烈．常用电机原理与设计．中国轻工业出版社，1996
[28]周鹗．电机学．3．水利电力出版社，1995
[29]汪国梁．电机学．机械工业出版社，1996
[30]杨向宇．电机的计算机辅助设计．机械工业出版社，1996
[31]王振永，王然冉．电机的数学模型和参数辨识．机械工业出版社，1991
[32]贺益康．交流电机的计算机仿真．科学出版社，1990
[33]童春辉，沈本荫．牵引电机．中国铁道出版社，1995
[34]高培庆．劈相机．中国铁道出版社，1988
[35]钱清泉．电气化铁道微机监控技术．中国铁道出版社，2000
[36]Config Pro Configuration System User's Guide. Harris Corporation,1996
[37]D20 Peripheral Link DCA Configuration Guide. Harris Corporation, 1996
[38]D25 PLANT I/O DCA FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION. Harris Corporation, 1996
[39]CALCULATOR DTA CONFIGURATION GUIDE. Harris Corporation, 1996
[40]CALCULATOR DTA FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION. Harris Corporation, 1996
[41]COMMUNICATION WATCHDOG DTA CONFIGURATION GUIDE. Harris Corporation, 1996
[42]WESMAINT Ⅱ+ CONFIGURATION GUIDE. Harris Corporation, 1996
[43]史济民．软件工程原理、方法与应用．高等教育出版社，1999
[44]Oliver. Hanger fittings for overhead contact system of electric railway Japanese Industrial Standard Japanese Standards Association. TokyoJSA, 1989
[45]Weisbrod M, Kirtland R. Engineering and design of railway brake systems (Sep. 1975)Technology. ChicagoAir Brake ssociation, 1975
[46]Manufacture and Operation i. Railway control systems proceeding sa project group of the Institution of Railway Signal Engineers. London A & C Black, 1991
[47]Kell, Fullerton J H. Manual of traffic signal design. Englewood CliffPrentice-Hall, 1982
[48]IEEE technical papers. 1986 collected papers of the symposium (1985: Aachen, W. Germany) Mises, s.I. IEEE INC, 1986.
[49]严云升．自动过分相装置试验的浅析．机车电传动，1999(6)．
[50]林磊．自动过分相装置试验的浅析．电气化铁道，1998(3)．
[2]Hollingsworth B. Locomotive modern. ParisNathan, 1984
[3]严云升． 电力机车自动．国内外自动过分相装置的比较．电气化铁道，2002(2)
[5]郭保青，余祖俊，许西宁，史红梅．仿人控制的电力机车自动过分相装置研究．铁道学报，2002(6)
[6]kuffel, Sorensen. High-voltage engineering fundamentals. Pergamon, 1984
[7]Naidu M S, Kamaraju V. High voltage engineering. New DelhiTata McGraw-Hill, 1981
[8]解广润．电力系统过电压．水利电力出版社，1985
[9]E．斯拉麦卡，W．瓦特西．高低压电网中的暂态过程计算原理． 程积高．机械工业出版社，1983
[10]郭育华，连级三，张昆仑．自动过分相对电力机车的影响．机车电传动，2000(2)．
[11]徐名通．电力变压器的运行与检修．水利电力出版社，1989
[12]徐树铨．电力变压器运行．水利电力出版社，1993
[13]Lee Reuben, Wilson Leo. Electronic transformers and circuit sa practical technology of the power transformer. New YorkJohn wiley & sons, 1988
[14]季霍米罗夫，徐嘉诰．变压器计算．机械工业出版社，1960
[15]郭育华，连级三，邹滨．自动过分相过电压仿真分析．铁道学报，1999(21)增刊
[16]高景德，张麟征．电机过渡过程的基本理论及分析方法．科学出版社，1983
[17]铁道部电气化工程局电气化勘察设计院．牵引供电系统．中国铁道出版社，1988
[18]范影乐，杨胜天，李轶．MATLAB仿真应用详解．人民邮电出版社，2001
[19]程卫国，冯峰，王雪梅，刘艺．MATLAB5.3精要编程及高级应
用．机械工业出版社，2000
[20]薛定宇，陈阳泉．基于MATLAB/Simulink的系统仿真技术与应用．清华大学出版社，2003
[21]刘友梅．韶山3型4000系电力机车．中国铁道出版社，1996
[22]李曙辉，张进思，李群湛．SS3型电力机车牵引运行仿真．铁道学报，1993(6)
[23]陈开运．主断路器．中国铁道出版社，1984
[24]黄石柱．李建华，赵娟，夏道止．基于MATLAB的电力机车数字仿真模型．电力系统自动化，2002(4)
[25]林莘．现代高压电器技术．机械工业出版社，2002
[26]赵四洪．基于电力机车不同工况的负荷谐波分析与仿真．西南交通大学硕士研究生论文，2003
[27]贾大义，艾高烈．常用电机原理与设计．中国轻工业出版社，1996
[28]周鹗．电机学．3．水利电力出版社，1995
[29]汪国梁．电机学．机械工业出版社，1996
[30]杨向宇．电机的计算机辅助设计．机械工业出版社，1996
[31]王振永，王然冉．电机的数学模型和参数辨识．机械工业出版社，1991
[32]贺益康．交流电机的计算机仿真．科学出版社，1990
[33]童春辉，沈本荫．牵引电机．中国铁道出版社，1995
[34]高培庆．劈相机．中国铁道出版社，1988
[35]钱清泉．电气化铁道微机监控技术．中国铁道出版社，2000
[36]Config Pro Configuration System User's Guide. Harris Corporation,1996
[37]D20 Peripheral Link DCA Configuration Guide. Harris Corporation, 1996
[38]D25 PLANT I/O DCA FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION. Harris Corporation, 1996
[39]CALCULATOR DTA CONFIGURATION GUIDE. Harris Corporation, 1996
[40]CALCULATOR DTA FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATION. Harris Corporation, 1996
[41]COMMUNICATION WATCHDOG DTA CONFIGURATION GUIDE. Harris Corporation, 1996
[42]WESMAINT Ⅱ+ CONFIGURATION GUIDE. Harris Corporation, 1996
[43]史济民．软件工程原理、方法与应用．高等教育出版社，1999
[44]Oliver. Hanger fittings for overhead contact system of electric railway Japanese Industrial Standard Japanese Standards Association. TokyoJSA, 1989
[45]Weisbrod M, Kirtland R. Engineering and design of railway brake systems (Sep. 1975)Technology. ChicagoAir Brake ssociation, 1975
[46]Manufacture and Operation i. Railway control systems proceeding sa project group of the Institution of Railway Signal Engineers. London A & C Black, 1991
[47]Kell, Fullerton J H. Manual of traffic signal design. Englewood CliffPrentice-Hall, 1982
[48]IEEE technical papers. 1986 collected papers of the symposium (1985: Aachen, W. Germany) Mises, s.I. IEEE INC, 1986.
[49]严云升．自动过分相装置试验的浅析．机车电传动，1999(6)．
[50]林磊．自动过分相装置试验的浅析．电气化铁道，1998(3)．