空间计算机结构的动力学仿真与适应性设计研究
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摘要
空间计算机是指安装在各种导弹、卫星、火箭、飞船及各类空间探测器内部的嵌入式计算机,它具有体积小、结构紧凑、功能密度高、环境适应性强等特点。作为各种航天飞行器和武器装备系统中的智能中枢,它承担着大量的数据处理、事务管理等任务。空间计算机及其环境适应性技术一直以来都是发达国家的研发重点,随着二代导航、天基信息网、新一代精确末制导导弹、新一代运载火箭、新一代战略导弹等新型航天型号和武器装备研制任务的展开,对空间计算机的环境适应性提出了更高的要求。
本文在前人相关研究工作的基础上,对空间计算机的力学适应性设计思路、设计方法、解决方案,以及相应的结构可靠性设计问题进行了较为系统和深入的研究。结合空间计算机力学适应性设计的具体要求,研究了空间计算机动力学仿真建模的一般方法、PCB组件的一阶频率仿真精度问题、具有频率约束的PCB组件优化设计问题、随机振动条件下元器件引脚疲劳寿命的估算方法、两种内置式PCB组件的阻尼减振方法等问题,并对相关内容进行了试验验证。
论文以相关理论研究为基础,从工程实际需求出发,以空间计算机力学环境适应性设计与动力可靠性研究为主题,为工程中有迫切需求的设计问题提供相应的设计方法和解决途径。论文既不失力学适应性设计的主线,又有所侧重。
本论文所开展的具体研究内容为:
1.从整机、PCB组件、器件三个层次分别研究了空间计算机力学适应性设计的方法,整机以减振器应用技术为主,PCB组件以频率优化设计为主,器件级以动力学响应分析和结构可靠性计算为主;
2.研究空间计算机动力学仿真分析中建模方法与简化原则,分析造成PCB组件力学仿真分析结果与物理试验数据之间误差的产生原因,并确定各误差因素对于仿真结果精度的影响程度;
3.研究了具有不确定性参数的多自由度振动的区间特征值问题,基于Rayleigh商法推导了特征值和随机激励下动力响应的快速计算方法;并将该方法用于PCB组件各结构参数的敏感度分析和动力学响应优化设计。
4.针对PCB组件的力学适应性设计问题,选择了工程中具有代表性的PCB组件的频率约束优化设计问题作为研究对象,采用双变量切比雪夫多项式构造了该问题的响应面优化设计模型,并给出了可行解的存在性判据;
5.针对器件级力学适应性设计问题,重点研究了随机振动激励下器件引脚的结构动力可靠性问题,提出了在力学环境的时间历程中空间计算机结构寿命的估算方法;
6.针对工程具体应用需求,研究了空间计算机的内置式印制板级减振设计新方法,并通过物理试验验证了该减振设计方案的有效性。
A space computer is an embedded computer which is installed in various missiles, satellites, rockets, spacecrafts and space detectors. It has features of small volume, compact structure, high density of functionality and fine adaptability to environment. As a central intelligence for various spacecrafts and weapon equipment systems, it undertakes a multitude of tasks of data processing and transaction management. The space computer and its environmental adaptability technology have always been the key focus of developed countries' R&D effort. With the development of new-type aerospace projects and weapon equipments which include the second generation of navigation, space-based information network, the next generation of precise terminal guidance missiles, the next generation of launch vehicles, the next generation of strategic missiles, a higher request to the environmental adaptability of space computers has been put forward.
Based on previous relative research works, this paper makes an in-depth and systematical research into design ideas, design methods and solutions of mechanical adaptability of space computers and corresponding structural reliability design. Combining of specific requirements of design of mechanical adaptability of space computers, general methods of dynamics simulation modeling, first order frequency simulation precision of PCB components, estimation of fatigue life of structural system under random vibration condition and two interior vibration damping methods are studied and relative experimental validations are carried out.
According to theoretical research and practical needs, this doctoral dissertation centers on the design of mechanical adaptability of space computers and dynamic reliability problems and focuses on providing design methods and solutions on the pressing needs in the design problems of projects. The design of the mechanical adaptability is the main line of this dissertation which focuses on practical demand at the same time.
This study includes the following contents:
1. Discuss design methods for mechanical adaptability of space computers from three layers of whole machines, PCB assemblies and devices, of which whole machines focus on shock absorber application technology, PCB components focus on frequency optimization design and devices focus on dynamic response analysis and structural reliability calculation.
2. Investigate the modeling method and simplification principle in dynamic simulation analysis of space computers, research error causes between simulation results and physical experiments and determine the influence degree of error factors.
3. Concerning design problem of mechanical adaptability of whole machines, Study the interval eigenvalue of multi-freedom vibration with uncertain parameters, derive approximate and quick calculation methods of dynamic response under PSD stimulation as well as eigenvalue based on Rayleigh quotient method and apply the calculation methods on the susceptibility analysis of the structure parameters of PCB assemblies.
4. Concerning design problem of mechanical adaptability of PCB assemblies, highlight design method on optimization of PCB assemblies with interval parameters and frequency constraint, establish an optimized model with frequency constraint based on response surface method and bring forward the existing criterion on feasible solutions.
5. Concerning design problem of mechanical adaptability of devices, concentrate on the problem of dynamic reliability of pins and solder joints of devices under stochastic vibration stimulation and put forward calculating methods of the structural life and degree of reliability of space computers in mechanical environment course.
6. Concerning specific application needs of projects, study new design methods of interior vibration damping and test to verify their effectiveness.
本文在前人相关研究工作的基础上,对空间计算机的力学适应性设计思路、设计方法、解决方案,以及相应的结构可靠性设计问题进行了较为系统和深入的研究。结合空间计算机力学适应性设计的具体要求,研究了空间计算机动力学仿真建模的一般方法、PCB组件的一阶频率仿真精度问题、具有频率约束的PCB组件优化设计问题、随机振动条件下元器件引脚疲劳寿命的估算方法、两种内置式PCB组件的阻尼减振方法等问题,并对相关内容进行了试验验证。
论文以相关理论研究为基础,从工程实际需求出发,以空间计算机力学环境适应性设计与动力可靠性研究为主题,为工程中有迫切需求的设计问题提供相应的设计方法和解决途径。论文既不失力学适应性设计的主线,又有所侧重。
本论文所开展的具体研究内容为:
1.从整机、PCB组件、器件三个层次分别研究了空间计算机力学适应性设计的方法,整机以减振器应用技术为主,PCB组件以频率优化设计为主,器件级以动力学响应分析和结构可靠性计算为主;
2.研究空间计算机动力学仿真分析中建模方法与简化原则,分析造成PCB组件力学仿真分析结果与物理试验数据之间误差的产生原因,并确定各误差因素对于仿真结果精度的影响程度;
3.研究了具有不确定性参数的多自由度振动的区间特征值问题,基于Rayleigh商法推导了特征值和随机激励下动力响应的快速计算方法;并将该方法用于PCB组件各结构参数的敏感度分析和动力学响应优化设计。
4.针对PCB组件的力学适应性设计问题,选择了工程中具有代表性的PCB组件的频率约束优化设计问题作为研究对象,采用双变量切比雪夫多项式构造了该问题的响应面优化设计模型,并给出了可行解的存在性判据;
5.针对器件级力学适应性设计问题,重点研究了随机振动激励下器件引脚的结构动力可靠性问题,提出了在力学环境的时间历程中空间计算机结构寿命的估算方法;
6.针对工程具体应用需求,研究了空间计算机的内置式印制板级减振设计新方法,并通过物理试验验证了该减振设计方案的有效性。
A space computer is an embedded computer which is installed in various missiles, satellites, rockets, spacecrafts and space detectors. It has features of small volume, compact structure, high density of functionality and fine adaptability to environment. As a central intelligence for various spacecrafts and weapon equipment systems, it undertakes a multitude of tasks of data processing and transaction management. The space computer and its environmental adaptability technology have always been the key focus of developed countries' R&D effort. With the development of new-type aerospace projects and weapon equipments which include the second generation of navigation, space-based information network, the next generation of precise terminal guidance missiles, the next generation of launch vehicles, the next generation of strategic missiles, a higher request to the environmental adaptability of space computers has been put forward.
Based on previous relative research works, this paper makes an in-depth and systematical research into design ideas, design methods and solutions of mechanical adaptability of space computers and corresponding structural reliability design. Combining of specific requirements of design of mechanical adaptability of space computers, general methods of dynamics simulation modeling, first order frequency simulation precision of PCB components, estimation of fatigue life of structural system under random vibration condition and two interior vibration damping methods are studied and relative experimental validations are carried out.
According to theoretical research and practical needs, this doctoral dissertation centers on the design of mechanical adaptability of space computers and dynamic reliability problems and focuses on providing design methods and solutions on the pressing needs in the design problems of projects. The design of the mechanical adaptability is the main line of this dissertation which focuses on practical demand at the same time.
This study includes the following contents:
1. Discuss design methods for mechanical adaptability of space computers from three layers of whole machines, PCB assemblies and devices, of which whole machines focus on shock absorber application technology, PCB components focus on frequency optimization design and devices focus on dynamic response analysis and structural reliability calculation.
2. Investigate the modeling method and simplification principle in dynamic simulation analysis of space computers, research error causes between simulation results and physical experiments and determine the influence degree of error factors.
3. Concerning design problem of mechanical adaptability of whole machines, Study the interval eigenvalue of multi-freedom vibration with uncertain parameters, derive approximate and quick calculation methods of dynamic response under PSD stimulation as well as eigenvalue based on Rayleigh quotient method and apply the calculation methods on the susceptibility analysis of the structure parameters of PCB assemblies.
4. Concerning design problem of mechanical adaptability of PCB assemblies, highlight design method on optimization of PCB assemblies with interval parameters and frequency constraint, establish an optimized model with frequency constraint based on response surface method and bring forward the existing criterion on feasible solutions.
5. Concerning design problem of mechanical adaptability of devices, concentrate on the problem of dynamic reliability of pins and solder joints of devices under stochastic vibration stimulation and put forward calculating methods of the structural life and degree of reliability of space computers in mechanical environment course.
6. Concerning specific application needs of projects, study new design methods of interior vibration damping and test to verify their effectiveness.
引文
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