中西部三种类型前陆盆地盖层封闭性评价及对比研究
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摘要
综合利用石油地质学、地球化学、地球物理等分析测试资料,通过地质研究、分析相结合的方法,对中国中西部前陆盆地盖层封闭性进行了评价及对比研究。
利用录井资料、生产及实验测试资料结合构造特征研究对中国中西部叠合型准南前陆盆地、改造型川西前陆盆地以及新生型柴北前陆盆地的盖层宏观发育特征、微观封闭能力进行了研究,认为三种类型前陆盆地区域性盖层主要发育于坳陷盆地阶段,早期前陆盆地时期川西盖层发育,再生前陆盆地早期三种类型的盆地均发育一套盖层,但晚期盖层不发育,难以形成有效的储盖组合。
通过宏观发育特征对比可以看出,川西前陆盆地盖层具塑性,岩性主要为膏岩和泥岩,泥岩单层厚度较大,泥地比高,连续性好,物性封闭能力强,异常压力普遍存在,具有弱烃浓度封闭,盖层质量好;准南前陆盆地具塑性,岩性主要为泥岩、膏岩,侏罗系发育煤层,泥岩单层厚度大,个别单层超过100m,泥地比高,连续性好,物性封闭能力较强,安集海河组前陆冲断带二三排构造带存在较强的异常压力封闭,具有弱烃浓度封闭,盖层质量较好;柴北缘前陆盆地各构造泥地比差异大,岩性主要为砂质泥岩,单层厚度小,绝大部分为在0-5m之间,连续性差,物性封闭能力较弱,下干柴沟组以下具有异常高流体压力,具有一定的烃浓度封闭能力,盖层质量差。
利用录井岩性资料,结合断裂发育特征,采用断层封闭性三角图法,对三种类型前陆盆地的断层封闭性进行了评价,根据评价结果,准南断层封闭性较好,除了靠近山前、遭遇多次构造活动的大断裂外,其余断穿盖层的断裂在安集海河组和吐谷鲁群段是封闭的,在三工河组和八道湾组封闭性稍差;川西前陆盆地除了几条大型通天断裂外,断层都是封闭的;柴北缘前陆盆地断穿盖层的断裂在上、下干柴沟组盖层段封闭性较好,在其他盖层组段封闭性较差。
Based on amount of datum of oil geology, geochemistry and geophysics, this paper evaluates and compares the caprock seal ability in foreland basins of central-western China combining with analysis and researching.
Using the data of logging and production, combining the structure feature, This paper researches chiefly on macro-growth feature and micro-seal ability of caprock in three typical kinds of foreland basins of central-western China including Southern Junggar superimposed foreland basin, Western Sichuan reconstructed foreland basin and Northern Qaidam neogenic foreland Basin. The regional caprocks of three kinds of foreland basins grew chiefly in depression basin period. In early foreland basin period, only Western Sichuan grew a caprock. In early regeneration foreland basin period, three kinds of foreland basins all grew a caprock. But in later regeneration foreland basin period, they didn’t grow caprock and form effective association of caprock and reservoir.
Based on contrast of macro-growth feature, in the caprock of Western Sichuan foreland basin, the caprock is plastic, the lithology is chiefly mudstone and gyprock, the thickness of individual layer is great, the ratio of mudstone thickness and bed thickness is very big, consistency is good, the seal ability of physical property is powerful, the abnormal pressure is widespread, the seal ability of hydrocarbon concentration is weak, the quality of caprock of Western Sichuan is very good. In Southern Junggar foreland basin, the caprock is plastic, the lithology is chiefly mudstone and gyprock, the thickness of individual layer is great and even more than 100m, the ratio of mudstone thickness and bed thickness is very big, consistency is good, the seal ability of physical property is powerful, the abnormal pressure is powerful in Anjihaihe, the seal ability of hydrocarbon concentration is weak, the quality of caprock of Southern Junggar foreland basin is good. In Northern Qaidam foreland basin, the difference of caprock of different structure is distinguished, the lithology is chiefly sandy shale, the individual layer is very little and chiefly is between 0m and 5m, the consistence is very bad, the physical property is weak, the formation pressure of the caprock below Lower Ganchaigou formation is powerful, the seal ability of hydrocarbon concentration is moderate, the quality of caprock is bad.
Using the data of logging, combining the growth feature, and adopting the triangular diagram of fault sealing ability, the faults seal ability of three basins is researched. According to the result, the faults seal ability of Southern Junggar foreland basin is good, except that the big faults near mountain is unsealing because of activity time and again, the fault in Anjihaihe formation and Tugulu group is sealed, and the seal ability of the fault in Sangonghe formation and Badawan formation is a bit weak. The seal ability of faults of Western Sichuan foreland basin is very good except several big exceedingly high faults. In Northern Qaidam foreland basin, the faults in Upper and Lower Ganchaigou formation is sealed, other is unsealed.
利用录井资料、生产及实验测试资料结合构造特征研究对中国中西部叠合型准南前陆盆地、改造型川西前陆盆地以及新生型柴北前陆盆地的盖层宏观发育特征、微观封闭能力进行了研究,认为三种类型前陆盆地区域性盖层主要发育于坳陷盆地阶段,早期前陆盆地时期川西盖层发育,再生前陆盆地早期三种类型的盆地均发育一套盖层,但晚期盖层不发育,难以形成有效的储盖组合。
通过宏观发育特征对比可以看出,川西前陆盆地盖层具塑性,岩性主要为膏岩和泥岩,泥岩单层厚度较大,泥地比高,连续性好,物性封闭能力强,异常压力普遍存在,具有弱烃浓度封闭,盖层质量好;准南前陆盆地具塑性,岩性主要为泥岩、膏岩,侏罗系发育煤层,泥岩单层厚度大,个别单层超过100m,泥地比高,连续性好,物性封闭能力较强,安集海河组前陆冲断带二三排构造带存在较强的异常压力封闭,具有弱烃浓度封闭,盖层质量较好;柴北缘前陆盆地各构造泥地比差异大,岩性主要为砂质泥岩,单层厚度小,绝大部分为在0-5m之间,连续性差,物性封闭能力较弱,下干柴沟组以下具有异常高流体压力,具有一定的烃浓度封闭能力,盖层质量差。
利用录井岩性资料,结合断裂发育特征,采用断层封闭性三角图法,对三种类型前陆盆地的断层封闭性进行了评价,根据评价结果,准南断层封闭性较好,除了靠近山前、遭遇多次构造活动的大断裂外,其余断穿盖层的断裂在安集海河组和吐谷鲁群段是封闭的,在三工河组和八道湾组封闭性稍差;川西前陆盆地除了几条大型通天断裂外,断层都是封闭的;柴北缘前陆盆地断穿盖层的断裂在上、下干柴沟组盖层段封闭性较好,在其他盖层组段封闭性较差。
Based on amount of datum of oil geology, geochemistry and geophysics, this paper evaluates and compares the caprock seal ability in foreland basins of central-western China combining with analysis and researching.
Using the data of logging and production, combining the structure feature, This paper researches chiefly on macro-growth feature and micro-seal ability of caprock in three typical kinds of foreland basins of central-western China including Southern Junggar superimposed foreland basin, Western Sichuan reconstructed foreland basin and Northern Qaidam neogenic foreland Basin. The regional caprocks of three kinds of foreland basins grew chiefly in depression basin period. In early foreland basin period, only Western Sichuan grew a caprock. In early regeneration foreland basin period, three kinds of foreland basins all grew a caprock. But in later regeneration foreland basin period, they didn’t grow caprock and form effective association of caprock and reservoir.
Based on contrast of macro-growth feature, in the caprock of Western Sichuan foreland basin, the caprock is plastic, the lithology is chiefly mudstone and gyprock, the thickness of individual layer is great, the ratio of mudstone thickness and bed thickness is very big, consistency is good, the seal ability of physical property is powerful, the abnormal pressure is widespread, the seal ability of hydrocarbon concentration is weak, the quality of caprock of Western Sichuan is very good. In Southern Junggar foreland basin, the caprock is plastic, the lithology is chiefly mudstone and gyprock, the thickness of individual layer is great and even more than 100m, the ratio of mudstone thickness and bed thickness is very big, consistency is good, the seal ability of physical property is powerful, the abnormal pressure is powerful in Anjihaihe, the seal ability of hydrocarbon concentration is weak, the quality of caprock of Southern Junggar foreland basin is good. In Northern Qaidam foreland basin, the difference of caprock of different structure is distinguished, the lithology is chiefly sandy shale, the individual layer is very little and chiefly is between 0m and 5m, the consistence is very bad, the physical property is weak, the formation pressure of the caprock below Lower Ganchaigou formation is powerful, the seal ability of hydrocarbon concentration is moderate, the quality of caprock is bad.
Using the data of logging, combining the growth feature, and adopting the triangular diagram of fault sealing ability, the faults seal ability of three basins is researched. According to the result, the faults seal ability of Southern Junggar foreland basin is good, except that the big faults near mountain is unsealing because of activity time and again, the fault in Anjihaihe formation and Tugulu group is sealed, and the seal ability of the fault in Sangonghe formation and Badawan formation is a bit weak. The seal ability of faults of Western Sichuan foreland basin is very good except several big exceedingly high faults. In Northern Qaidam foreland basin, the faults in Upper and Lower Ganchaigou formation is sealed, other is unsealed.
引文
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