桓仁铅锌矿通风系统优化设计研究
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摘要
金属矿藏开采是工业原材料生产的基础工业,在整个国民经济发展中占有重要地位。矿井通风系统是保证金属矿藏地下开采高效生产的重要环节,也是矿山工人职业健康的基础保障。地表矿藏资源日益枯竭,矿藏采掘向纵深发展的趋势越来越明显,受围岩散热、自然风压、井筒空气自压缩散热等因素的影响,井下工作环境变得更加复杂。
随着矿山开采年限的增长,桓仁铅锌矿出现了通风系统效率低、能耗高、井下工作面风量不足等问题,很难保证矿山的安全生产。为了保障矿山的可持续发展,确保目前和未来10多年间井下采矿作业能够安全高效的进行,需对现有通风系统进行优化。
首先综述了现价段我国部分金属矿山通风系统普遍存在的问题、优化设计模式、多级机站通风系统在我国的应用现状及其优缺点。根据桓仁矿山的实际生产管理,设计矿井通风系统优化模型,应用矿井通风网路理论研究优化模型的合理性。研究工作主要有以下几个方面:
计算桓仁铅锌矿井下生产总需风量及矿井通风阻力,研究矿山通风系统的阻力分布特点。分析影响井下采掘工作面温度变化的主要因素,研究采掘工作面的通风降温。根据矿山气候变化特点,研究矿井自然风压变化规律及特点。应用多级机站通风系统理论,设计桓仁铅锌矿通风系统优化模型。
应用通风网路理论分析优化模型核心网路的拓扑关系,运用拟牛顿法进行网路分风研究,迭代解算出网路近似风量的真实值,评价优化模型的分风效果。
在优化模型的核心网路中,改变不同风路的风阻时,根据通风网路性质计算网路中风量的变化,研究风路的稳定程度及可靠度,综合分析优化模型核心网路的稳定性和可靠性。
The exploitation of the metal mine is a basic industry of the industrial raw materials' production, it plays a very important role in the development of the national economy. Mine ventilation system takes a very important part in guaranteeing the exploitation of metal mines high efficient and the occupational health of the miners. The mineral resources at the earth's surface is increasingly exhausted, the tendency of mining exploitation developing in depth have been more and more obvious. Because of the heat transfer of the surrounding rocks, natural ventilation pressure, heat dissipation of the mineshaft air compression ect, the working environment underground will become more and more complicated.
With the mine service life increasing, Huanren Lead-Zinc Mine had the problems of ventilation low efficiency, high energy consumption, the deficiency of air volume at mining face ect, the mine ventilation system could not ensure the mine safe production. For purpose of the Huanren Mine's sustainable development, we need to modify the existing ventilation system to ensure the mine can produce safely and efficiently at present and the future ten years.
At first, this thesis summarizes the ubiquity problems of metal mines, the models of optimization, the application status of multrstage-station ventilation system, and the advantages and disadvantages of the multrstage-station ventilation system. According to the actual production management of Huanren Lead-Zinc Mine, designs the ventilation system optimization model, uses mines ventilation network theory to evaluate the rationality of model. The research in this paper is mainly in the following aspects.
We study the mining required airflow and ventilation resistance of Huanren Lead-Zinc Mine, study the distribution characteristic of the mine resistance, analysis the main influencing factors of mining and driving face's temperature, and research the decreasing temperature by ventilation. Based on the climate change of Huanren Mine, we study the change law and characteristics of the natural ventilation pressure, and make use of the multrstage-station ventilation system to design the optimization model.
Study the optimization model's networks topological relations by use of ventilation networks theory, resolve networks splitting using Quasi-Newton method to obtain the true value of approximate splitting, and evaluate the ventilation effect of optimization model.
Give some changes to the main ventilation networks of optimization model, calculate the ventilation volume changes of the circuits according to ventilation networks' properties, study the stability and reliability of the ventilation circuits, and analysis the stability and reliability of the optimization model's key ventilation networks comprehensive.
随着矿山开采年限的增长,桓仁铅锌矿出现了通风系统效率低、能耗高、井下工作面风量不足等问题,很难保证矿山的安全生产。为了保障矿山的可持续发展,确保目前和未来10多年间井下采矿作业能够安全高效的进行,需对现有通风系统进行优化。
首先综述了现价段我国部分金属矿山通风系统普遍存在的问题、优化设计模式、多级机站通风系统在我国的应用现状及其优缺点。根据桓仁矿山的实际生产管理,设计矿井通风系统优化模型,应用矿井通风网路理论研究优化模型的合理性。研究工作主要有以下几个方面:
计算桓仁铅锌矿井下生产总需风量及矿井通风阻力,研究矿山通风系统的阻力分布特点。分析影响井下采掘工作面温度变化的主要因素,研究采掘工作面的通风降温。根据矿山气候变化特点,研究矿井自然风压变化规律及特点。应用多级机站通风系统理论,设计桓仁铅锌矿通风系统优化模型。
应用通风网路理论分析优化模型核心网路的拓扑关系,运用拟牛顿法进行网路分风研究,迭代解算出网路近似风量的真实值,评价优化模型的分风效果。
在优化模型的核心网路中,改变不同风路的风阻时,根据通风网路性质计算网路中风量的变化,研究风路的稳定程度及可靠度,综合分析优化模型核心网路的稳定性和可靠性。
The exploitation of the metal mine is a basic industry of the industrial raw materials' production, it plays a very important role in the development of the national economy. Mine ventilation system takes a very important part in guaranteeing the exploitation of metal mines high efficient and the occupational health of the miners. The mineral resources at the earth's surface is increasingly exhausted, the tendency of mining exploitation developing in depth have been more and more obvious. Because of the heat transfer of the surrounding rocks, natural ventilation pressure, heat dissipation of the mineshaft air compression ect, the working environment underground will become more and more complicated.
With the mine service life increasing, Huanren Lead-Zinc Mine had the problems of ventilation low efficiency, high energy consumption, the deficiency of air volume at mining face ect, the mine ventilation system could not ensure the mine safe production. For purpose of the Huanren Mine's sustainable development, we need to modify the existing ventilation system to ensure the mine can produce safely and efficiently at present and the future ten years.
At first, this thesis summarizes the ubiquity problems of metal mines, the models of optimization, the application status of multrstage-station ventilation system, and the advantages and disadvantages of the multrstage-station ventilation system. According to the actual production management of Huanren Lead-Zinc Mine, designs the ventilation system optimization model, uses mines ventilation network theory to evaluate the rationality of model. The research in this paper is mainly in the following aspects.
We study the mining required airflow and ventilation resistance of Huanren Lead-Zinc Mine, study the distribution characteristic of the mine resistance, analysis the main influencing factors of mining and driving face's temperature, and research the decreasing temperature by ventilation. Based on the climate change of Huanren Mine, we study the change law and characteristics of the natural ventilation pressure, and make use of the multrstage-station ventilation system to design the optimization model.
Study the optimization model's networks topological relations by use of ventilation networks theory, resolve networks splitting using Quasi-Newton method to obtain the true value of approximate splitting, and evaluate the ventilation effect of optimization model.
Give some changes to the main ventilation networks of optimization model, calculate the ventilation volume changes of the circuits according to ventilation networks' properties, study the stability and reliability of the ventilation circuits, and analysis the stability and reliability of the optimization model's key ventilation networks comprehensive.
引文
1.王英敏.矿井通风与防尘[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1993
2.王从陆、吴超.矿井通风及其系统可靠性[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2007
3.杨长生,吉建华,王克宏.多级机站通风技术改造与节能[J],有色冶金节能,1999.4:36-39
4.谢本贤.铜绿山铜铁矿矿井通风系统优化改造设计研究[D],长沙:中南大学,2002
5.文永胜.矿井通风技术及通风系统优化设计探讨[J],中国矿山工程,2008.12,37(6):30-35
6.徐竹云.矿井通风系统优化原理及设计计算方法[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1996
7.李鼎权.金属矿山多级通风系统述评[J],冶金矿山设计与建设,1994,1:8-13
8.柴占彪.多级机站通风技术在矿山的应用现状及对策[J],矿山机械,2004.3:15-16
9.陈喜山,梁晓春,李杨.多级机站通风新模式和矿井通风技术的新进展[J],中国矿业,2002,11(5):13-15
10.任甲泽.矿井通风优化及多级机站技术的推广[J],金属矿山,2008,379:148-150
11.董振民.论多级机站通风技术的若干问题[J],矿业快报,2001.6,366:1-4
12.杨娟.矿井通风系统多级机站的合理配置[J],工业安全与防尘,1999,3:18-21
13.练伟春.凡口铅锌矿矿井通风系统评价及改造研究[D],长沙:中南大学,2002
14.赖炎连等.用优化方法设计矿井多级机站通风网络系统[J],运筹学杂志,1989,8(1):38-44
15.唐敏伟,朱先艳.多级机站通风系统在鸡笼山金矿二期工程的应用实践[J],采矿工程,2008,29(10):29-31
16.陈佳.冬瓜山铜矿老鸦岭矿区多级机站通风系统优化设计[J],采矿技术,2007.3,7(1):56-57
17.徐瑞龙.通风网路理论[M],北京:煤炭工业出版社,1993
18.武晓敏.矿井通风网络解算、调节及评价一体化研究[D],重庆:重庆大学,2008
19.周心权,吴兵,杜红兵.矿井通风基本概念的理论基础分析[J],中国矿业大学学报,2003.3,32(2):133-137
20.陈宜华,孙豁然.矿井多级机站通风系统优化设计方法的研究[J],金属矿山,2008.1,379:121-124
21.王英敏.矿内空气动力学与矿井通风系统[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1994
22.采矿手册编辑委员会.采矿手册(第六卷)[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1991:56-131
23.黄元平等.矿井通风[M],徐州:中国矿业学院出版社,1993
24.蔡永乐、胡创义.矿井通风与安全[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2007
25.苏昭桂.巷道围岩与风流热交换量的反演算法及其应用[D],济南:山东科技大学,2004
26.谭海文.金属矿山深井热源分析及矿井通风[J],中国矿业,2006.11,15(11):59-62
27.冯兴隆,陈日辉.国内外深井降温技术研究及进展[J],云南冶金,2005.10,34(5):7-10
28.(苏)A.H.舍尔巴尼等著,黄翰文译.矿井降温指南[M],北京:煤炭工业出版社,1982
29.黄元平.矿井通风阻力及其测量[M],北京:煤炭工业出版社,1979
30.潘军义,董振民.多级机站通风局部阻力的研究[J],金属矿山,2001.9,303:49-51
31.宋大和.自然风压对深井建井通风系统的影响研究[J],采矿技术,2006.9,6(3):398-399
32.杨承祥,罗周全.深井高温矿床多级机站通风系统优化[J],金属矿山,2006,365:79-81
33.孙长嵩.矿井通风网络解算软件的研究与实现[D],哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2008
34.求是科技.MATLAB 7.0从入门到精通[M],北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
35.王家文,王皓,刘海.MATLAB 7.0编程基础[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2005
36.段东.矿井通风系统拓扑关系自动生成的研究及风网解算[D],阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2005
37.程健维,杨胜强.矿井采掘工作面通风效果的综合评价[J],中国安全科学学报,2007.5,17(5):165-169
38.赵厚春,冯建文.矿井通风网路中风流稳定性分析[J],煤矿现代化,2004,4:61-63
39.陈长华.风路稳定性的定量分析[J],辽宁工程技术大学学报自然科学版,2003,22(3):292-294
40.马冬云等.矿井广义可靠性设计设计理论[M],北京:煤炭工业出版社,1995
41.刘永辉.矿井通风系统的可靠性[J],煤炭技术,2009.4,28(4):120-122
42.陈开岩,王超.矿井通风系统可靠性变权综合评价的研究[J],2007.3,24(1):37-41
43.周志强.矿井通风系统的安全性、稳定性及可靠性评价及应用研究[D],阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2004
44.Chao Wu.Mine Ventilation Network and Pollution Simulation[M],Lulea University of Technology,1987
45.Khaled Ali El-Nagdy.Analysis of Complex Ventilation Networks in Multiple Fan Coal Mines[D],Morgantown,West Virginia,College of Engineering and Mineral Resources at West Virginia University,2002
2.王从陆、吴超.矿井通风及其系统可靠性[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2007
3.杨长生,吉建华,王克宏.多级机站通风技术改造与节能[J],有色冶金节能,1999.4:36-39
4.谢本贤.铜绿山铜铁矿矿井通风系统优化改造设计研究[D],长沙:中南大学,2002
5.文永胜.矿井通风技术及通风系统优化设计探讨[J],中国矿山工程,2008.12,37(6):30-35
6.徐竹云.矿井通风系统优化原理及设计计算方法[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1996
7.李鼎权.金属矿山多级通风系统述评[J],冶金矿山设计与建设,1994,1:8-13
8.柴占彪.多级机站通风技术在矿山的应用现状及对策[J],矿山机械,2004.3:15-16
9.陈喜山,梁晓春,李杨.多级机站通风新模式和矿井通风技术的新进展[J],中国矿业,2002,11(5):13-15
10.任甲泽.矿井通风优化及多级机站技术的推广[J],金属矿山,2008,379:148-150
11.董振民.论多级机站通风技术的若干问题[J],矿业快报,2001.6,366:1-4
12.杨娟.矿井通风系统多级机站的合理配置[J],工业安全与防尘,1999,3:18-21
13.练伟春.凡口铅锌矿矿井通风系统评价及改造研究[D],长沙:中南大学,2002
14.赖炎连等.用优化方法设计矿井多级机站通风网络系统[J],运筹学杂志,1989,8(1):38-44
15.唐敏伟,朱先艳.多级机站通风系统在鸡笼山金矿二期工程的应用实践[J],采矿工程,2008,29(10):29-31
16.陈佳.冬瓜山铜矿老鸦岭矿区多级机站通风系统优化设计[J],采矿技术,2007.3,7(1):56-57
17.徐瑞龙.通风网路理论[M],北京:煤炭工业出版社,1993
18.武晓敏.矿井通风网络解算、调节及评价一体化研究[D],重庆:重庆大学,2008
19.周心权,吴兵,杜红兵.矿井通风基本概念的理论基础分析[J],中国矿业大学学报,2003.3,32(2):133-137
20.陈宜华,孙豁然.矿井多级机站通风系统优化设计方法的研究[J],金属矿山,2008.1,379:121-124
21.王英敏.矿内空气动力学与矿井通风系统[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1994
22.采矿手册编辑委员会.采矿手册(第六卷)[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1991:56-131
23.黄元平等.矿井通风[M],徐州:中国矿业学院出版社,1993
24.蔡永乐、胡创义.矿井通风与安全[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2007
25.苏昭桂.巷道围岩与风流热交换量的反演算法及其应用[D],济南:山东科技大学,2004
26.谭海文.金属矿山深井热源分析及矿井通风[J],中国矿业,2006.11,15(11):59-62
27.冯兴隆,陈日辉.国内外深井降温技术研究及进展[J],云南冶金,2005.10,34(5):7-10
28.(苏)A.H.舍尔巴尼等著,黄翰文译.矿井降温指南[M],北京:煤炭工业出版社,1982
29.黄元平.矿井通风阻力及其测量[M],北京:煤炭工业出版社,1979
30.潘军义,董振民.多级机站通风局部阻力的研究[J],金属矿山,2001.9,303:49-51
31.宋大和.自然风压对深井建井通风系统的影响研究[J],采矿技术,2006.9,6(3):398-399
32.杨承祥,罗周全.深井高温矿床多级机站通风系统优化[J],金属矿山,2006,365:79-81
33.孙长嵩.矿井通风网络解算软件的研究与实现[D],哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2008
34.求是科技.MATLAB 7.0从入门到精通[M],北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
35.王家文,王皓,刘海.MATLAB 7.0编程基础[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2005
36.段东.矿井通风系统拓扑关系自动生成的研究及风网解算[D],阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2005
37.程健维,杨胜强.矿井采掘工作面通风效果的综合评价[J],中国安全科学学报,2007.5,17(5):165-169
38.赵厚春,冯建文.矿井通风网路中风流稳定性分析[J],煤矿现代化,2004,4:61-63
39.陈长华.风路稳定性的定量分析[J],辽宁工程技术大学学报自然科学版,2003,22(3):292-294
40.马冬云等.矿井广义可靠性设计设计理论[M],北京:煤炭工业出版社,1995
41.刘永辉.矿井通风系统的可靠性[J],煤炭技术,2009.4,28(4):120-122
42.陈开岩,王超.矿井通风系统可靠性变权综合评价的研究[J],2007.3,24(1):37-41
43.周志强.矿井通风系统的安全性、稳定性及可靠性评价及应用研究[D],阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2004
44.Chao Wu.Mine Ventilation Network and Pollution Simulation[M],Lulea University of Technology,1987
45.Khaled Ali El-Nagdy.Analysis of Complex Ventilation Networks in Multiple Fan Coal Mines[D],Morgantown,West Virginia,College of Engineering and Mineral Resources at West Virginia University,2002
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