樱花铁矿多空区矿体采矿方法研究
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摘要
樱花铁矿属前震旦系火山沉积变质成矿,矿体厚度矿度1～35m,平均厚度7.3m,倾角15～35°,平均倾角25°。主要采用下盘边壁能自溜矿石采场结构的房柱法,采场下盘面的倾角为40°,使之下盘矿量损失严重。并且在多年的多阶段同时开采过程中,回采顺序不合理,形成了大量的采空区,这些采空区的存在严重影响到相邻矿体开采的安全条件,随着生产进行,受采空区相互影响的难采矿块的比例越来越大,威胁到了整个矿山的生产能力。因此矿山急需根据地质条件和目前的开采状况,寻求安全、高效的采矿方法。
本文在深入调研的基础上,对采空区危害形式进行了详细的分析,并提出了相应的保护措施,确立了合理的开采顺序,最终制定了以分段空场法为主、盘区房柱法为辅、局部适当用无底柱分段崩落法的安全高效采矿方案,可实现采空区即使冒落也不造成事故的目标。分段空场法主要用于开采厚度大于5m的矿体,盘区房柱法主要用于开采厚度小于5m的矿体,对于有覆岩条件的局部多层位矿体采用无底柱分段崩落采矿法。
目前采矿方案已被采纳,预计可以提高矿石的回采率,同时可以提高矿山生产的安全条件,保证矿山的服务年限。
YingHua deposit formed as a result of Volcanic Sedimentary Formation at preSinian system is Metamorphic metallogenic. The dip angle ranges froml5°to 35°, the average dip is 25°. The thickness ranges from lm to 35m, the average thickness is 7.3m. The orebody used pillar and room method were transported by deadweight. So that loss of a large number of volume Mine in the footwall happened, In addition, after many years of mining in many levels by unreasonable mining sequence, many of gobs were occurred. Those gobs seriously effected the operation of orebody adjacent to them. Consequently, the service time of YingHua Iron Mine was affected. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a safe and high efficient mining method according to geological features of deposit, existence of ore body and mining conditions.
Based on the investigation and research, safety production conditions was analyzed. Measure belonged to different adverse condition were presented. Besides, all attain non falling accident that based on the establishment of rational mining sequence. After analysis on some mining method, Sublevel open stoping method are major one that suited for the mining of the orebody thickness of greater than 5m. Pillar and room method used mainly for the exploitation of the ore body thickness of less than 5m are auxiliary method. In addition, sublevel caving without sill pillar fit for the few orebody which are thick enough and multi layered. These mining methods and support technique, which are fit for this mine, are being implemented at present. The application of these techniques will effectively improve stope production and safety production condition.
本文在深入调研的基础上,对采空区危害形式进行了详细的分析,并提出了相应的保护措施,确立了合理的开采顺序,最终制定了以分段空场法为主、盘区房柱法为辅、局部适当用无底柱分段崩落法的安全高效采矿方案,可实现采空区即使冒落也不造成事故的目标。分段空场法主要用于开采厚度大于5m的矿体,盘区房柱法主要用于开采厚度小于5m的矿体,对于有覆岩条件的局部多层位矿体采用无底柱分段崩落采矿法。
目前采矿方案已被采纳,预计可以提高矿石的回采率,同时可以提高矿山生产的安全条件,保证矿山的服务年限。
YingHua deposit formed as a result of Volcanic Sedimentary Formation at preSinian system is Metamorphic metallogenic. The dip angle ranges froml5°to 35°, the average dip is 25°. The thickness ranges from lm to 35m, the average thickness is 7.3m. The orebody used pillar and room method were transported by deadweight. So that loss of a large number of volume Mine in the footwall happened, In addition, after many years of mining in many levels by unreasonable mining sequence, many of gobs were occurred. Those gobs seriously effected the operation of orebody adjacent to them. Consequently, the service time of YingHua Iron Mine was affected. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a safe and high efficient mining method according to geological features of deposit, existence of ore body and mining conditions.
Based on the investigation and research, safety production conditions was analyzed. Measure belonged to different adverse condition were presented. Besides, all attain non falling accident that based on the establishment of rational mining sequence. After analysis on some mining method, Sublevel open stoping method are major one that suited for the mining of the orebody thickness of greater than 5m. Pillar and room method used mainly for the exploitation of the ore body thickness of less than 5m are auxiliary method. In addition, sublevel caving without sill pillar fit for the few orebody which are thick enough and multi layered. These mining methods and support technique, which are fit for this mine, are being implemented at present. The application of these techniques will effectively improve stope production and safety production condition.
引文
1.赵兴明.复杂多空区下低贫损安全开采工艺技术研究[D],长沙中南大学,2004
2.李江,王喜兵.邯邢矿山崩落采矿法空区下的安全回采[J],河北冶金,1998,(8):1-3,16
3.罗绍裘,刘大荣,陆李镛等.采矿设计手册(矿床开采卷下册)[M],北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1987:1098-1104
4.吴爱祥,王贻明,胡国斌.采空区顶板大面积冒落的空气冲击波[J],中国矿业大学学报,2007,36(4):473-477
5.李楠,任凤玉.团城铁矿多空区开采技术研究金属矿山[J],金属矿山,2008,(3):32-34
6.任凤玉.团城铁矿空区安全及残采技术研究报告[R],2003
7.任凤玉.关于崩落法的随机介质理论方程[J],东北工学院学报,Vol.10.1989
8.蔡美峰.岩石力学与工程[M],北京:北京科学出版社,2002
9.郑永学.矿山岩体力学[M],东北大学,冶金工业出版社,1988
10.河北樱花矿业有限公司,东北大学.樱花铁矿稳定性分级报告[R],2008
11.周崇仁等.矿柱回采与空区处理[J],北京:冶金工业出版,1989
12.陈庆凯,任凤玉,李清望,陶于强.采空区顶板冒落防治技术措施的研究[J],金属矿山,2002(10):7-13
13.周宗红,任凤玉,圆国强.桃冲铁矿采空区处理方法研究[J],中国矿业,2005,14(2):15-16
14.河北樱花矿业有限公司,东北大学.樱花铁矿空区冒落危害及防止措施研究报告[R],2008
15.河北樱花矿业有限公司,东北大学.樱花铁矿采矿方法研究报告[R],2008
16.任凤玉.深部铜矿厚矿体无底柱分段崩落法低贫损开采实验研究报告[R],2000
17.任凤玉.随机介质放矿理论及其应用[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1994
18.赵庆和.崩落采场放矿研究的现状和展望[J],云南冶金,2002,31(3):9-17
19.任凤玉,王泳嘉.关于崩落法放矿的随机介质理论方程[J],东北工学院报Vol.10(S_1)089-94,1980
20.任凤玉等.关于崩落法放矿的随机介质理论方程[J],东北工学院学报,Vol.10,1989
21.《无底柱分段崩落法文集》编写组.无底柱分段崩落法文集[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1973
22.解世俊等.金属矿床地下开采[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1979
23.解俊主编.矿床地下开采理论与实践[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1990
24.罗建华,胡国斌.分段空场法在狮子山铜矿深部厚大矿体开采中的应用[J],矿业研究与开发,1998,18(5):11-13,30
25.丁小飚.降低分段空长发采矿损失和贫化指标的实践[J],有色金属,2003,55(4):14-15
26.张金凯.分段空场法在白银深部铜矿的试验研究[J],有色金属,1997,(3):19-22
27.邹凯,俞锡明.探采结合技术在分段空场法中的应用[J],有色金属,1996,(5):18-21,25
28.周志鸿,马飞,张文明,毛纪陵.地下凿岩设备[M],北京:冶金工业出版社],2004
29.DUZGUN H S.Analysis of roof fall hazards and riskassessment for Zonguldak coal basin undergroundmines[J],International Journal of Coal Geology,2005(64):104-115
30.MITCHELL R J,DRISCOLL T R,HARRISON JE.Traumatic work related fatalities involving mining in Australia[J],Safety Science,1998(29):107-123
31.LARSSON T J,FIELD B.The distribution of occupational injury risks in the state of Victoria[J],Safety Science,2002(40):419-437
32.杨日平.薄矿体分段空场法研究[J],长沙矿山研究院季刊1992,12(1):45-48
2.李江,王喜兵.邯邢矿山崩落采矿法空区下的安全回采[J],河北冶金,1998,(8):1-3,16
3.罗绍裘,刘大荣,陆李镛等.采矿设计手册(矿床开采卷下册)[M],北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1987:1098-1104
4.吴爱祥,王贻明,胡国斌.采空区顶板大面积冒落的空气冲击波[J],中国矿业大学学报,2007,36(4):473-477
5.李楠,任凤玉.团城铁矿多空区开采技术研究金属矿山[J],金属矿山,2008,(3):32-34
6.任凤玉.团城铁矿空区安全及残采技术研究报告[R],2003
7.任凤玉.关于崩落法的随机介质理论方程[J],东北工学院学报,Vol.10.1989
8.蔡美峰.岩石力学与工程[M],北京:北京科学出版社,2002
9.郑永学.矿山岩体力学[M],东北大学,冶金工业出版社,1988
10.河北樱花矿业有限公司,东北大学.樱花铁矿稳定性分级报告[R],2008
11.周崇仁等.矿柱回采与空区处理[J],北京:冶金工业出版,1989
12.陈庆凯,任凤玉,李清望,陶于强.采空区顶板冒落防治技术措施的研究[J],金属矿山,2002(10):7-13
13.周宗红,任凤玉,圆国强.桃冲铁矿采空区处理方法研究[J],中国矿业,2005,14(2):15-16
14.河北樱花矿业有限公司,东北大学.樱花铁矿空区冒落危害及防止措施研究报告[R],2008
15.河北樱花矿业有限公司,东北大学.樱花铁矿采矿方法研究报告[R],2008
16.任凤玉.深部铜矿厚矿体无底柱分段崩落法低贫损开采实验研究报告[R],2000
17.任凤玉.随机介质放矿理论及其应用[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1994
18.赵庆和.崩落采场放矿研究的现状和展望[J],云南冶金,2002,31(3):9-17
19.任凤玉,王泳嘉.关于崩落法放矿的随机介质理论方程[J],东北工学院报Vol.10(S_1)089-94,1980
20.任凤玉等.关于崩落法放矿的随机介质理论方程[J],东北工学院学报,Vol.10,1989
21.《无底柱分段崩落法文集》编写组.无底柱分段崩落法文集[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1973
22.解世俊等.金属矿床地下开采[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1979
23.解俊主编.矿床地下开采理论与实践[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1990
24.罗建华,胡国斌.分段空场法在狮子山铜矿深部厚大矿体开采中的应用[J],矿业研究与开发,1998,18(5):11-13,30
25.丁小飚.降低分段空长发采矿损失和贫化指标的实践[J],有色金属,2003,55(4):14-15
26.张金凯.分段空场法在白银深部铜矿的试验研究[J],有色金属,1997,(3):19-22
27.邹凯,俞锡明.探采结合技术在分段空场法中的应用[J],有色金属,1996,(5):18-21,25
28.周志鸿,马飞,张文明,毛纪陵.地下凿岩设备[M],北京:冶金工业出版社],2004
29.DUZGUN H S.Analysis of roof fall hazards and riskassessment for Zonguldak coal basin undergroundmines[J],International Journal of Coal Geology,2005(64):104-115
30.MITCHELL R J,DRISCOLL T R,HARRISON JE.Traumatic work related fatalities involving mining in Australia[J],Safety Science,1998(29):107-123
31.LARSSON T J,FIELD B.The distribution of occupational injury risks in the state of Victoria[J],Safety Science,2002(40):419-437
32.杨日平.薄矿体分段空场法研究[J],长沙矿山研究院季刊1992,12(1):45-48
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