我国责任保险市场发展研究
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摘要
当今世界,责任保险的发展水平已成为判断一个国家保险业发展水平的重要标志。责任保险作为财产保险中最具有活力和发展潜力的重要险种之一,已经渗透到社会生活的各个方面,对促进社会的进步、维护社会稳定以及和谐社会的构建均具有积极而重要的意义。但是在保险业快速发展的今天,责任保险在我国的发展相对滞后,如何促进我国责任保险市场的发展也成为当前我国保险界研究的重要课题之一。本文正是出于对我国责任保险市场发展提供系统而较深入的理论支持目的而展开研究的。
全文除导论外,共由六章构成。第一章对责任保险市场相关理论进行概述。第二章选取国际上在责任保险市场发展方面具有代表性的英国、日本、美国等三个国家进行比较研究,以利于我国责任保险市场发展的借鉴和参考。第三章在回顾我国责任保险市场发展历程的基础上,对我国责任保险市场的现状和发展环境进行分析,然后对造成这一现状的直接原因和制度缺陷进行探讨,为我国责任保险市场的发展对策提供现实基础。
第四章针对责任保险市场上的道德风险、逆选择问题,分析道德风险的表现形式及成因后,对我国责任保险市场道德风险的防范提出了相应建议;在逆选择与市场均衡分析方面,采用R-S模型介绍了贝努利模型中的均值-保持价差并分析了贝努利情况下的三种分离均衡和连续情况下的四种分离均衡,对我国责任保险市场逆选择与市场均衡起到较好的借鉴作用。第五章研究了当被保险人减少风险的动机不充分时,对于责任保险保障的何种监管是合适的。同时认为监管在解决责任保险的不恰当的引导作用时,其效果很大程度上取决于责任保险人能否了解致害人的谨慎水平,并依此来厘定保费。第六章借鉴国外责任保险发展的成功经验,并结合我国责任保险市场发展的现实状况,在前面所做理论分析与研究的基础上对我国责任保险市场发展提出相应的对策及建议。
Today, the development level of liability insurance has become an important symbol used to judge the insurance industry status of one country. As one of the most dynamic and greatest potential for growth in property insurance, liability insurance has permeated all aspects of the society, and plays active and of great importance role in promoting social progress, maintaining social stability, and building a harmonious society. In the insurance industry's booming developmental today, however, liability insurance has lagged behind in our country. So, how to promote the development of liability insurance industry is becoming an important task for insurance industry to study. This paper is commenced the research for the aim which is providing systematical and thorough theory support.
Except of the introduction, the thesis in made up of six chapters. Chapterl describes the theory outlined about the liability insurance in the relevant market. Chapter 2 study the development of liability insurance market in United Kingdom, Japan and the United States which represent the development of liability insurance market in the international community in order to facilitate the development of China's insurance market of reference and reference. The third chapter recalls the development process of China's Liability insurance market, analyzing the current situation and the development of our Liability insurance market, and then analysis the result of the direct cause of the status quo and the system defect, providing the basis of reality to the responsibility for China's insurance market development.
Chapter 4 is to be aimed at the risk of moral hazard and adverse selection problem in liability insurance market, after the analysis of the causes and manifestations of the moral hazard, it provides some corresponding recommendations to guard against the moral hazard of Chinese liability insurance market; In the adverse selection and the market balanced analysis, it uses the R-S model to introduce the mean - to maintain price in the Bernoulli model and analysis of three separation balance in the circumstances of Bernoulli and four separation balance in a row, then it provides a good reference for the adverse selection and the market balance of Chinese liability insurance market. Chapter 5 has studied on when the insurers are not fully motivated to reduce the risk, which is the appropriate supervision for the liability insurance protection. At the same time, it considers that the effect of the supervision depends to a large extent on the liability insurer's ability to understand the virulence level of the mistake-maker, and so to draw up the premium when the supervision is dealing with the inappropriate role of lead of liability insurance. Chapter 6 have learned from the successful experience of foreign liability insurance, and Combined with the reality of Chinese liability insurance market. Finally on the basis of the former theoretical analysis and research, it provides some countermeasures and suggestions of the development of Chinese liability insurance market.
全文除导论外,共由六章构成。第一章对责任保险市场相关理论进行概述。第二章选取国际上在责任保险市场发展方面具有代表性的英国、日本、美国等三个国家进行比较研究,以利于我国责任保险市场发展的借鉴和参考。第三章在回顾我国责任保险市场发展历程的基础上,对我国责任保险市场的现状和发展环境进行分析,然后对造成这一现状的直接原因和制度缺陷进行探讨,为我国责任保险市场的发展对策提供现实基础。
第四章针对责任保险市场上的道德风险、逆选择问题,分析道德风险的表现形式及成因后,对我国责任保险市场道德风险的防范提出了相应建议;在逆选择与市场均衡分析方面,采用R-S模型介绍了贝努利模型中的均值-保持价差并分析了贝努利情况下的三种分离均衡和连续情况下的四种分离均衡,对我国责任保险市场逆选择与市场均衡起到较好的借鉴作用。第五章研究了当被保险人减少风险的动机不充分时,对于责任保险保障的何种监管是合适的。同时认为监管在解决责任保险的不恰当的引导作用时,其效果很大程度上取决于责任保险人能否了解致害人的谨慎水平,并依此来厘定保费。第六章借鉴国外责任保险发展的成功经验,并结合我国责任保险市场发展的现实状况,在前面所做理论分析与研究的基础上对我国责任保险市场发展提出相应的对策及建议。
Today, the development level of liability insurance has become an important symbol used to judge the insurance industry status of one country. As one of the most dynamic and greatest potential for growth in property insurance, liability insurance has permeated all aspects of the society, and plays active and of great importance role in promoting social progress, maintaining social stability, and building a harmonious society. In the insurance industry's booming developmental today, however, liability insurance has lagged behind in our country. So, how to promote the development of liability insurance industry is becoming an important task for insurance industry to study. This paper is commenced the research for the aim which is providing systematical and thorough theory support.
Except of the introduction, the thesis in made up of six chapters. Chapterl describes the theory outlined about the liability insurance in the relevant market. Chapter 2 study the development of liability insurance market in United Kingdom, Japan and the United States which represent the development of liability insurance market in the international community in order to facilitate the development of China's insurance market of reference and reference. The third chapter recalls the development process of China's Liability insurance market, analyzing the current situation and the development of our Liability insurance market, and then analysis the result of the direct cause of the status quo and the system defect, providing the basis of reality to the responsibility for China's insurance market development.
Chapter 4 is to be aimed at the risk of moral hazard and adverse selection problem in liability insurance market, after the analysis of the causes and manifestations of the moral hazard, it provides some corresponding recommendations to guard against the moral hazard of Chinese liability insurance market; In the adverse selection and the market balanced analysis, it uses the R-S model to introduce the mean - to maintain price in the Bernoulli model and analysis of three separation balance in the circumstances of Bernoulli and four separation balance in a row, then it provides a good reference for the adverse selection and the market balance of Chinese liability insurance market. Chapter 5 has studied on when the insurers are not fully motivated to reduce the risk, which is the appropriate supervision for the liability insurance protection. At the same time, it considers that the effect of the supervision depends to a large extent on the liability insurer's ability to understand the virulence level of the mistake-maker, and so to draw up the premium when the supervision is dealing with the inappropriate role of lead of liability insurance. Chapter 6 have learned from the successful experience of foreign liability insurance, and Combined with the reality of Chinese liability insurance market. Finally on the basis of the former theoretical analysis and research, it provides some countermeasures and suggestions of the development of Chinese liability insurance market.
引文
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[1](英)弗里德利希·冯·哈耶克(F.A.Hayek)著、邓正来等译,法律、立法与自由(第一卷),北京:中国大百科全书出版社,2000。
[1](英)弗里德利希·冯·哈耶克(F.A.Hayek)著,自由秩序原理,上海:三联书店,1997。
[1]Teunen M.,evaluation of randomness due to growth factors for reserving in liability insurance,Transactions ICA Belgium.1995,Vol.4,89-86.
[1]英国责任保险市场考察报告,http://www.pinggu.org/bbs/b78i177397.html.
[1]英国责任保险市场考察报告,http://www.pinggu.org/bbs/b78i177397.html.
[1]杨鹏艳,美国责任保险市场发展的特征、影响及其启示,长春市委党校学报,2006(2):17-19。
[1]Chris Parsons,Moral hazard in Liability Insurance,Geneva Papers,Vol.28,pp.448-471,July 2003.
[1]吴定富,大力发展责任保险努力为全面建设小康社会服务,中国金融,2004(12):14-15。
[2]刘茂山,保险经济学[M],南开出版社,1999。
[3]许谨良,财产和责任保险[M],复旦大学出版社,1993。
[4]郑成功,责任保险理论与经营实务[M],中国金融出版社,1991。
[5]袁宗蔚,保险学—危险与保险[M],首都经贸大学出版社,2000。
[6](美)所罗门·斯蒂文·许布纳等,陈欣等译,财产和责任保险[M],中国人民出版社,2002。
[7](美)康斯坦丁·M·卢瑟亚特等,英勇等译,财产与责任保险原理[M],北京大学出版社,2003。
[8]庄咏文,保险法教程[M],法律出版社,1986。
[9]邹海林,责任保险论[M],法律出版社,1999。
[10]责任保险的概念界定[EB/OL],http:blog.struc.com.cn。
[11]孙国华,法理学[M],法律出版社,1995。
[12]郭颂平,责任保险[M],南开大学出版社,2005。
[13]樊启荣,责任保险与索赔理赔[M],人民法院出版社,2002。
[14]王泽鉴,民法学说与判例研究(第三册)[M],中国政法大学出版社,1998。
[15]王家福,中国民法学·民法债权[M],法律出版社,1991。
[16]王利明,民法·侵权行为法[M],中国人民大学出版社,1995。
[17]肖刚,论责任保险与侵权行为法的关系[J],华东政法学报,2003(4):33-36.
[18]E·博登海默著,邓正来译,法理学法哲学与法律方法[M],中国政法大学出版社,1999。
[19]梁慧星,中国民法经济法诸问题[M],法律出版社,1994。
[20]俞可平,社会公平和善治:建设和谐社会的基石[N],光明日报,2005.3.22
[21]Viscusi,W.Kip,Richard J.Zeckhauser,Patricia Born,and Glenn Blackmon.The Effect of 1980s Tort Reform Legislation on General Liability and Medical Malpractice Insurance.Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 6(April 1993):165-186.
[22]Harrington,S.E.and P.M.Danzon(),The economics of liability insuranee,inG.Dionne(ed.),Handbookoflnsurance,KluwerAcademicPublishers,2000,277-313.
[23]Shavell,S.,On liability and insurance,Bell Journal of Economics,1986,120-132.
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