煤矿救生舱参数化虚拟设计系统研究
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摘要
未来十年,我国必将进一步加快工业化进程,在这个关键时期,能源将越来越不能满足社会发展的需求。我国一次能源结构的特征是“富煤贫油少气”,在短期内我们将难以改变“以煤为主”的能源结构,煤炭将一如既往的承担着保障满足我国能源供应的重任。必须通过转变发展方式来实现煤炭工业科学发展,调整产业结构,提高产业增长的质量和效益。
传统的煤炭工业经济增长方式已经不能满足社会对煤炭行业的需求,因此必须转变其经济增长方式,这就导致煤矿生产方式的巨大转变,大幅提高生产机械化程度,不断加大生产集中化程度,转变生产线,使其具备运输距离长、生产能力大、工作面连续推进距离长的特点,这同时也对煤矿安全保障提出新的要求。鉴于煤矿事故导致的危险区域大、事故扩散速度快、逃生路线长,进而导致井下作业人员难以安全撤离。永久避难硐室的建立在一定程度上能解决上述难题,克服救援单一性,缩短逃生路线,弥补营救时间不足,大大提高了井下员工的生存机率。
论文在分析国内外避难硐室救生舱研究的基础上,考虑了我国煤矿生产的特点及目前我国避难硐室的建设状况,在永久避难硐室施工设计的理论与应用指导下,提出将永久性避难硐室虚拟化设计系统的思路,通过对永久避难硐室的各种设计属性进行分析,将避难硐室设计参数化,以设计成果参数为输入接口来建立OpenGL避难硐室可视化虚拟模型。模型建立后基于Visual Studio软件平台,以C++汇编语言为开发工具,将避难硐室进行三维虚拟现实的场景模拟,整个设计过程是一个并行过程,将设计的产品通过虚拟场景检验其合理性,这为我国的煤矿设计提供了一个新的思路。
最后,本文以山西大同同煤塔山煤矿一盘区永久避难硐室为试验对象,对系统运行进行了试验,经过试验证明该系统具有良好的可靠性与实用性。
The next10years,to move forward a single step on speeding up industrial development in China,at this critical period, source of energy will not be able to satisfy the needs of social development increasingly.The characteristic of primary energy structure in China is rich in coal, but poor in petroleum and natural gas,the people will not be able to change the energy structure of "coal-based" in China in short order, coal will undertake the heavy responsibility of ensuring the quantity of satisfying energy supply as always. Thus,it is necessary to transform development pattern,so as to achieve the scientific development of coal industry,it is also necessary to adjust the industrial structure to increase the quality and benefit of industrial growth.
The economic growth pattern of traditional coal industry can no longer fulfill the social requirement for coal industry,so it has to transform economic growth mode,which result in the great changes in coal mine production mode that is boosting production mechanization degree substantially, sending up production concentration degree continuously, shifting production line,so as to let it have the characteristic of long haul distance, large production capacity, long continuous advance distance on working face,meantime,which also puts forward new requirements for coal mine safety guarantee. Considering that the hostile areas brought about by coal mining accidents are very large,the diffusion velocities of accidents are very fast,the escape routes are very long,thereby leading borehole operation workers to safe escape difficultly.The establishment of permanent refuge chambers can solve the above problems,so as to overcome oneness rescue, shorten escape routes, remedy insufficient rescue time,thereby increasing survival rates of underground staff enormously.
When this paper analyses the studies on escape capsules of refuge chambers at home and abroad, taking the characteristics of coal production and the construction status of refuge chambers in our country into account,on the guidance of construction design theories and adhibition of permanent refuge chambers,it is suggested that permanent refuge chambers should be in auxiliary and virtual design,by analyzing each property of permanent refuge chambers,making the permanent refuge chambers parameterization,so as to establish visualization virtual model of OpenGL refuge chamber using these parameters as connectors.Based on Visual Studio software platform after establishing the model,using C++assembly language asdeveloper kits,so as to let the refuge chambers conduct scene simulation of three-dimensional virtual reality,the whole design process is a parallel procedure,which makes contrivable products examined rationalitily by vurtual scene,which opens up a new field for coal mine design in our country.
At last,this paper uses the permanent refuge chamber of one panel,TaShan coal mine, Datong Coal Mine Group,ShanXi province as study object, experimenting the system operation,through experiment,proving that this system has favourable reliability and practical applicability.
传统的煤炭工业经济增长方式已经不能满足社会对煤炭行业的需求,因此必须转变其经济增长方式,这就导致煤矿生产方式的巨大转变,大幅提高生产机械化程度,不断加大生产集中化程度,转变生产线,使其具备运输距离长、生产能力大、工作面连续推进距离长的特点,这同时也对煤矿安全保障提出新的要求。鉴于煤矿事故导致的危险区域大、事故扩散速度快、逃生路线长,进而导致井下作业人员难以安全撤离。永久避难硐室的建立在一定程度上能解决上述难题,克服救援单一性,缩短逃生路线,弥补营救时间不足,大大提高了井下员工的生存机率。
论文在分析国内外避难硐室救生舱研究的基础上,考虑了我国煤矿生产的特点及目前我国避难硐室的建设状况,在永久避难硐室施工设计的理论与应用指导下,提出将永久性避难硐室虚拟化设计系统的思路,通过对永久避难硐室的各种设计属性进行分析,将避难硐室设计参数化,以设计成果参数为输入接口来建立OpenGL避难硐室可视化虚拟模型。模型建立后基于Visual Studio软件平台,以C++汇编语言为开发工具,将避难硐室进行三维虚拟现实的场景模拟,整个设计过程是一个并行过程,将设计的产品通过虚拟场景检验其合理性,这为我国的煤矿设计提供了一个新的思路。
最后,本文以山西大同同煤塔山煤矿一盘区永久避难硐室为试验对象,对系统运行进行了试验,经过试验证明该系统具有良好的可靠性与实用性。
The next10years,to move forward a single step on speeding up industrial development in China,at this critical period, source of energy will not be able to satisfy the needs of social development increasingly.The characteristic of primary energy structure in China is rich in coal, but poor in petroleum and natural gas,the people will not be able to change the energy structure of "coal-based" in China in short order, coal will undertake the heavy responsibility of ensuring the quantity of satisfying energy supply as always. Thus,it is necessary to transform development pattern,so as to achieve the scientific development of coal industry,it is also necessary to adjust the industrial structure to increase the quality and benefit of industrial growth.
The economic growth pattern of traditional coal industry can no longer fulfill the social requirement for coal industry,so it has to transform economic growth mode,which result in the great changes in coal mine production mode that is boosting production mechanization degree substantially, sending up production concentration degree continuously, shifting production line,so as to let it have the characteristic of long haul distance, large production capacity, long continuous advance distance on working face,meantime,which also puts forward new requirements for coal mine safety guarantee. Considering that the hostile areas brought about by coal mining accidents are very large,the diffusion velocities of accidents are very fast,the escape routes are very long,thereby leading borehole operation workers to safe escape difficultly.The establishment of permanent refuge chambers can solve the above problems,so as to overcome oneness rescue, shorten escape routes, remedy insufficient rescue time,thereby increasing survival rates of underground staff enormously.
When this paper analyses the studies on escape capsules of refuge chambers at home and abroad, taking the characteristics of coal production and the construction status of refuge chambers in our country into account,on the guidance of construction design theories and adhibition of permanent refuge chambers,it is suggested that permanent refuge chambers should be in auxiliary and virtual design,by analyzing each property of permanent refuge chambers,making the permanent refuge chambers parameterization,so as to establish visualization virtual model of OpenGL refuge chamber using these parameters as connectors.Based on Visual Studio software platform after establishing the model,using C++assembly language asdeveloper kits,so as to let the refuge chambers conduct scene simulation of three-dimensional virtual reality,the whole design process is a parallel procedure,which makes contrivable products examined rationalitily by vurtual scene,which opens up a new field for coal mine design in our country.
At last,this paper uses the permanent refuge chamber of one panel,TaShan coal mine, Datong Coal Mine Group,ShanXi province as study object, experimenting the system operation,through experiment,proving that this system has favourable reliability and practical applicability.
引文
[1]韩海,荣叠.常村矿避难碉室地而钻孔生命保障系统研究[J],金属矿山,2011(5)
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[3]张长锁.矿业软件在矿山三维可视化建模中的应用[J],有色金属,2011,11.
[4]张安元,曲效成.煤矿井下移动救生舱的发展现状及趋势[J],西安科技大学学报,2011,11.
[5]孟磊,赵毅鑫.煤矿井下避难硐室系统设计的探讨[J],煤矿安全,2011,3,25.
[6]国家安全监管总局国家煤矿安监局关于建设完善煤矿井下安全避险六大系统的通知(EB/OL).(2010-09-10).http://www.chi nasafety.gov.cn/newpage /Contents/Channel-4188/2010/0826/106414/content-106414.htm.
[7]沈海戈,柯有安.医学体数据三维可视化方法的分类与评价[J],中国图象图形学报,2000(7)：545-550.
[8]唐泽圣.科学计算可视化及其应用[N].计算机世界报,1998,6,29.
[9]石教英.面向21世纪的可视化技术展[N].计算机世界报,1998,6,29.
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[13]张东峰.煤矿工程图形快速“剪裁”[J],太原理工大学学报,2000(1).67-69.
[14]顾嘉撒,谭建荣.基于ObjectARX回转体图形自动生成算法[J],计算机工程与应用,2000(6)：47-49.
[15]孙桂茹,马亮,路登平,赵国瑞,郝嘉林.等值线生成与图形填充算法[J], 天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版),2000(6)：816-818.
[16]陈伟.绘制可视化数字地形模型,工程设计CAD与智能建筑,2000年05期：60-62.
[17]尉朝闻.面向对象的图形库的数据修改[J],西安工业学院学报,2000(2).
[18]王李管,邓顺华,陈建宏.矿床模型与开采辅助设计软件系统研究[J],中南矿业学院学报,1994(5).
[19]徐福玉,孙玉福.基于AutoCAD平台的矿山真三维实体巷道研究与实现[J],山西矿业学院院报,1997(5)：326-333.
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[21]陈通,张跃峰,李梅AutoCAD2000中文版入门与提高[M],北京清华大学出版社,2000.
[22]AutoDesk Inc. AutoCAD 2004 Developer Help[M], USA;AutoDesk Inc,2003.
[23]王钰.用VBA开发AutoCAD2000应用程序[M],北京人民邮电出版社,1999.
[24]孙家广,杨长贵.计算机图形学(新版)[M].北京：清华大学出版社,1995.
[25]陈景艳,决策支持系统[M],成都：西南交通大学出版社,1995.
[26]北京博彦科技发展有限公司,AutoCAD数码工程师综合提高[M],北京大学出版社,2001
[27]Molenaar M. A Topology for 3D Vector Data Maps. ITC Journal[J], 1993(1),25-33
[28]邢存恩等,采矿工程图形图素分级及数据化[J],太原理工大学学报,2000,6,35-37.
[29]邹荣金等,工程图图形元素的识别与分类算法[J],计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,1999,11(1)15-19.
[30]刘尧.基于AutoCAD的高速公路交通安全仿真研究[D],华中科技大学,2006.04.05：16-17.
[31]张帆,郑立楷,王华杰等.精通AutoCAD VBA[C],北京：清华大学出版社,2004.01：84-86.
[32]Houlding SW.3D Geosciences Modeling:Computer Techniques for Geological Characterization [M]. Berlin:Springer Verlag,1994.131-147
[33]高广伟,张禄华.煤矿井下移动救生舱的设计思路[J],中国安全生产科学技术,2009,8.
[34]孙继平.煤矿井下紧急避险系统研究[J],煤炭科学技术,2011,1.
[35]杨大明.煤矿井下紧急避险系统的建设与发展[J],煤炭科学技术,2010,11.
[36]王克全,赵善扬,余秀清,刘鹏程等.煤矿井下避难所研制[J],采矿技术,2010.10.
[37]余学义,王丽,陈强强,刘名阳.燥矿井下避难硐室应用探讨[J],煤炭科技,2010(2)
[38]胡姣丽.煤矿采区永久和临时固定式避难硐室建设[J],山西煤炭,2010,7.
[39]张飞,安文东.矿用可移动式救生舱的研究现状与应用[J],中国科技博览,2011(8)
[40]艾长波.矿用救生舱国内外发展概况[J],舰船防化,2010.
[41]张大明,马云东,丁延龙.矿井避难硐室研究与设计[J],中国安全生产科学技术,2009,6.
[42]孙俊奇.煤矿采掘衔接可视化管理系统研究[D],2011,05,01.
[43]邢存恩等.基于OpenGL的巷道虚拟设计系统[J],科技情报开发与经济,2012,01,25.
[2]张志华,侯恩科.矿山平巷与立井复合模型构建方法研究[J],会属矿山,2010(8)
[3]张长锁.矿业软件在矿山三维可视化建模中的应用[J],有色金属,2011,11.
[4]张安元,曲效成.煤矿井下移动救生舱的发展现状及趋势[J],西安科技大学学报,2011,11.
[5]孟磊,赵毅鑫.煤矿井下避难硐室系统设计的探讨[J],煤矿安全,2011,3,25.
[6]国家安全监管总局国家煤矿安监局关于建设完善煤矿井下安全避险六大系统的通知(EB/OL).(2010-09-10).http://www.chi nasafety.gov.cn/newpage /Contents/Channel-4188/2010/0826/106414/content-106414.htm.
[7]沈海戈,柯有安.医学体数据三维可视化方法的分类与评价[J],中国图象图形学报,2000(7)：545-550.
[8]唐泽圣.科学计算可视化及其应用[N].计算机世界报,1998,6,29.
[9]石教英.面向21世纪的可视化技术展[N].计算机世界报,1998,6,29.
[10]M.T.斯奈德.矿用计算机的最新发展[J],国外金属矿山,1994(10)：82-86.
[11]太原理工大学KCSJCAD1.0软件[P],中国,970256,1997.6.3.
[12]Leschhorn F, Rotschke H. Long-Term Product ion Schedul ing Using a Mul tidimensiOnalComputerized Model. In:Weiss A, ed. Proc 21 st APCOM. Littleton:SME,1989,336-350.
[13]张东峰.煤矿工程图形快速“剪裁”[J],太原理工大学学报,2000(1).67-69.
[14]顾嘉撒,谭建荣.基于ObjectARX回转体图形自动生成算法[J],计算机工程与应用,2000(6)：47-49.
[15]孙桂茹,马亮,路登平,赵国瑞,郝嘉林.等值线生成与图形填充算法[J], 天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版),2000(6)：816-818.
[16]陈伟.绘制可视化数字地形模型,工程设计CAD与智能建筑,2000年05期：60-62.
[17]尉朝闻.面向对象的图形库的数据修改[J],西安工业学院学报,2000(2).
[18]王李管,邓顺华,陈建宏.矿床模型与开采辅助设计软件系统研究[J],中南矿业学院学报,1994(5).
[19]徐福玉,孙玉福.基于AutoCAD平台的矿山真三维实体巷道研究与实现[J],山西矿业学院院报,1997(5)：326-333.
[20]徐帅,柳小波,孙豁然等.基于AutoCAD的矿山三维实体井巷实现研究[J],金属矿山,2006(4).
[21]陈通,张跃峰,李梅AutoCAD2000中文版入门与提高[M],北京清华大学出版社,2000.
[22]AutoDesk Inc. AutoCAD 2004 Developer Help[M], USA;AutoDesk Inc,2003.
[23]王钰.用VBA开发AutoCAD2000应用程序[M],北京人民邮电出版社,1999.
[24]孙家广,杨长贵.计算机图形学(新版)[M].北京：清华大学出版社,1995.
[25]陈景艳,决策支持系统[M],成都：西南交通大学出版社,1995.
[26]北京博彦科技发展有限公司,AutoCAD数码工程师综合提高[M],北京大学出版社,2001
[27]Molenaar M. A Topology for 3D Vector Data Maps. ITC Journal[J], 1993(1),25-33
[28]邢存恩等,采矿工程图形图素分级及数据化[J],太原理工大学学报,2000,6,35-37.
[29]邹荣金等,工程图图形元素的识别与分类算法[J],计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,1999,11(1)15-19.
[30]刘尧.基于AutoCAD的高速公路交通安全仿真研究[D],华中科技大学,2006.04.05：16-17.
[31]张帆,郑立楷,王华杰等.精通AutoCAD VBA[C],北京：清华大学出版社,2004.01：84-86.
[32]Houlding SW.3D Geosciences Modeling:Computer Techniques for Geological Characterization [M]. Berlin:Springer Verlag,1994.131-147
[33]高广伟,张禄华.煤矿井下移动救生舱的设计思路[J],中国安全生产科学技术,2009,8.
[34]孙继平.煤矿井下紧急避险系统研究[J],煤炭科学技术,2011,1.
[35]杨大明.煤矿井下紧急避险系统的建设与发展[J],煤炭科学技术,2010,11.
[36]王克全,赵善扬,余秀清,刘鹏程等.煤矿井下避难所研制[J],采矿技术,2010.10.
[37]余学义,王丽,陈强强,刘名阳.燥矿井下避难硐室应用探讨[J],煤炭科技,2010(2)
[38]胡姣丽.煤矿采区永久和临时固定式避难硐室建设[J],山西煤炭,2010,7.
[39]张飞,安文东.矿用可移动式救生舱的研究现状与应用[J],中国科技博览,2011(8)
[40]艾长波.矿用救生舱国内外发展概况[J],舰船防化,2010.
[41]张大明,马云东,丁延龙.矿井避难硐室研究与设计[J],中国安全生产科学技术,2009,6.
[42]孙俊奇.煤矿采掘衔接可视化管理系统研究[D],2011,05,01.
[43]邢存恩等.基于OpenGL的巷道虚拟设计系统[J],科技情报开发与经济,2012,01,25.