保护用电流互感器仿真及抗饱和算法研究
|
摘要
论文主要是就保护用电流互感器(TA)而展开的,鉴于电流互感器在选择和应用中存在的问题,因此在查阅分析了大量有关互感器资料的基础上,又进行了一定程度的理论研究和仿真试验。并对以下问题做了重点阐述:
(1) 对电流互感器的分类以及各自的特点作了详尽介绍;给出了TA的主要参数,如一次电流、一次绕组、二次电流、二次负荷、时间常数等的选择和计算方法。
(2) 介绍了如何建立电流互感器模型和仿真励磁曲线的方法。对传统的仿真模型作了一定的改进和完善,无论是极限磁滞回线、局部磁滞回线还是各种饱和波形的仿真上都取得了较好的效果。
(3) 从线路保护、母线保护、主变压器保护、并联电抗器保护和断路器失灵保护等方面分析了电流互感器对继电保护的影响。
(4) 研究抗TA饱和的措施和检测TA饱和的方法。着重对磁制动检测TA饱和的实用化进行了研究,解决了磁链积分中的初始磁通难以确定以及剩磁影响引起保护误动的问题。
The thesis focuses attention on the current transformer(TA) for protection. Whereas thinking about the problems existing in the choices and applications of TA,we have done some research about the theory and digital simulations on the base of our reading and anaysing of many pertinent meterials. In this thesis ,we mainly dress the following aspects:(1) Itemizing different types of TA ,including their characteristics.Giving out the method for calculating and selecting fundamental performance parameters, such as primary current, primary winding, secondary current, secondary load, time constant and so on.(2) Introducing new method, which improves and pertectes the conventional method, for establishing TA model and simulating the excitation curve by using matlab coding. As a result, we get much better effects, not only the limiting hysteresis loop, local hysteresis loop but also various saturation waves.(3) We analyze the impact to the relay protection by studying the following elements:line protection, bus protection, main transformer protection, shunt reactor protection,circuit breaker protection,etc.(4) Studying on the measures for resisting TA's saturation and getting some methods for detecting TA's saturation. Emphasis on the utility of current transformer saturation detection by using magnetic restraint principle. This method effectively resolves the problem that it's hard to get the initial remanence in the core when we are calculating the flux linkage by using the integral algorithm, and also the problem of mal-operation brought in by the remanence.
(1) 对电流互感器的分类以及各自的特点作了详尽介绍;给出了TA的主要参数,如一次电流、一次绕组、二次电流、二次负荷、时间常数等的选择和计算方法。
(2) 介绍了如何建立电流互感器模型和仿真励磁曲线的方法。对传统的仿真模型作了一定的改进和完善,无论是极限磁滞回线、局部磁滞回线还是各种饱和波形的仿真上都取得了较好的效果。
(3) 从线路保护、母线保护、主变压器保护、并联电抗器保护和断路器失灵保护等方面分析了电流互感器对继电保护的影响。
(4) 研究抗TA饱和的措施和检测TA饱和的方法。着重对磁制动检测TA饱和的实用化进行了研究,解决了磁链积分中的初始磁通难以确定以及剩磁影响引起保护误动的问题。
The thesis focuses attention on the current transformer(TA) for protection. Whereas thinking about the problems existing in the choices and applications of TA,we have done some research about the theory and digital simulations on the base of our reading and anaysing of many pertinent meterials. In this thesis ,we mainly dress the following aspects:(1) Itemizing different types of TA ,including their characteristics.Giving out the method for calculating and selecting fundamental performance parameters, such as primary current, primary winding, secondary current, secondary load, time constant and so on.(2) Introducing new method, which improves and pertectes the conventional method, for establishing TA model and simulating the excitation curve by using matlab coding. As a result, we get much better effects, not only the limiting hysteresis loop, local hysteresis loop but also various saturation waves.(3) We analyze the impact to the relay protection by studying the following elements:line protection, bus protection, main transformer protection, shunt reactor protection,circuit breaker protection,etc.(4) Studying on the measures for resisting TA's saturation and getting some methods for detecting TA's saturation. Emphasis on the utility of current transformer saturation detection by using magnetic restraint principle. This method effectively resolves the problem that it's hard to get the initial remanence in the core when we are calculating the flux linkage by using the integral algorithm, and also the problem of mal-operation brought in by the remanence.
引文
【1】 GB 1208—1997(eav.IEC 185:1987),电流互感器.
【2】 GB 16847—1997(idt.IEC 44-6:1992),保护用电流互感器暂态特性技术要求.
【3】 袁季修,盛和乐,吴聚业.保护用电流互感器应用指南[M].中国电力出版社,2004.
【4】 B.B.阿法纳西耶夫.电流互感器.机械出版社,1989,12.
【5】 刘从爱.互感器与相序虑过器.水利电力出版社,1991,3.
【6】 白忠敏.电力用互感器和电能计量装置设计选型与应用.中国电力出版社,2004,1.
【7】 王春生,卓乐友,艾素兰.母线保护,水利电力出版社,1987.9.
【8】 朱声石.高压电网继电保护原理与技术.中国电力出版社,1995.
【9】 杨奇逊.微型机继电保护基础.水利电力出版社,1988,11.
【10】 陈德树.计算机继电保护原理与技术.水利电力出版社,1992,11.
【11】 符杨.电流互感器暂态时域仿真.电力系统自动化,1995.3(3).
【12】 张军,朱声石.电流互感器暂态仿真数学模型的改进.电力自动化设备,1997.8(3).
【13】 戚伟国.电流互感器的电磁动态过程及其模拟计算.电力系统自动化,1985.4(4).
【14】 李忠安,何奔腾.磁制动母线差动保护研究.继电器,2000.9(9):10-14.
【15】 程利军,杨奇逊.基于采样值的CT饱和检测方案的研究.继电器,2000.8(8):19-20.
【16】 李岩,陈德树.鉴别TA饱和的改进时差法研究..水利电力科技,2001.11(4):34-38.
【17】 符杨,蓝之达,陈珩.电流互感器暂态时域仿真.学术论文与应用研究,25-31.
【18】 余保东,张粒子,杨以涵.电流互感器铁心的暂态磁化模型及误差计算.电工技术学报,1998.12(13):25-30.
【19】 袁季修,盛和乐.电流互感器的暂态饱和及应用计算.继电器,2002.2(2):1-5.
【20】 陈建玉,孟宪民,张振旗,王志华.电流互感器饱和对继电保护影响的分析及对策.电力系统自动化,2000.3(6):54-56.
【21】 杨庆刚.电流互感器饱和对保护装置的影响.江苏电力技术,1998.9(3):3-4.
【22】 何奔腾,马永生.电流互感器饱和对母线保护的影响.继电器,1998.4(2):16-20.
【23】 马永生,何奔腾.磁制动母线差动保护原理初探.继电器,1998.4(5):15-19.
【24】 李建新,桂小军,俞镛伟.一种适用于母差保护的CT饱和判据.继电器,2003.3(3).
【25】 程利军,杨奇逊.中阻抗母线保护原理、整定及运行的探讨.电网技术,2000.6(6).
【26】 罗姗姗,贺家李,王荣琴.母线保护中电流互感器饱和检测新判据.电力系统及其 自动化学报,1996.9(3):29-36.
【27】 王志鸿,郑玉平,贺家李.通过计算谐波比确定母线保护中电流互感器的饱和.电力系统及其自动化学报,2000.10(5):19-24.
【28】 李贵存,刘万顺,贾清泉,槽丰梅等.利用小波原理检测电流互感器饱和的新方法.电力系统自动化,2001.3(5):36-44.
【29】 陈铮,董新洲,罗承沐.电流互感器饱和影响测距精度的一种解决方法.电力系统自动化,2002.1(1):34-39.
【30】 蔡耀红,缪仙荣.抗电流互感器饱和电流继电器的研究和应用.华东电力,2001.4(2).
【31】 Yong-Cheol Kang;Seung-Hun Ok;Sang-Hee Kang. A CT saturation detection algorith-m.Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on ,Volume: 19 ,Issue: 1 ,Jan. 2004.Pages:78-85.
【32】 Kang, Y.C.;Ok, S.H.;Kang, S.H.;A CT saturation detection algorithm.Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2003, IEEE ,Vol1,13-17 July 2003.
【33】 Yong-Cheol Kang;Sang-Hee Kang. An algorithm for detecting CT saturation using the secondary current third-difference function. Power Tech Conference Proceedings, 2003 IEEE Bologna ,Vol4,23-26 June 2003.
【34】 Locci, N.;Muscas, C. A digital compensation method for improving current transformer accuracy. Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on,Vol: 15,lssue:4,Oct.2000.
【35】 Yang,L.;Dolloff, P.A.;Phadke, A.G. A microprocessor based bus relay using a current transformer saturation detector. Power Symposium, 1990. Proceedings of the TwentySecond Annual North American, 15-16 Oct. 1990 Pages: 193-202.
【36】 Li Guicun;Liu Wanshun;Jia Qingquan. A new method of detecting current transducer saturation based on wavelet transform. Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,2001. IEEE ,Volume: 1,15-19 July 2001 Pages:617-621.
【37】 Jiuping Pan;Khoi Vu;Yi Hu. An efficient compensation algorithm for current transformer saturation effects. Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on ,Vol 19 ,Issue:4,Oct.2004.Pages:1623-1628.
【38】 Fernandez, C. An impedance-based CT saturation detection algorithm for busbar differential protection. Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on ,Volume: 16 ,Issue: 4 ,Oct. 2001 Pages:468-472.
【39】 Kasztenny, B.;Rosolowski, E.;Lukowicz, M.;Izykowski, J. Current related relaying algorithms immune to saturation of current transformers. Developments in Power System Protection, Sixth International Conference on,25-27 March 1997 Pages:365 - 368.
[40] Hosemann, G;Steigerwald, H.M. Modal saturation detector for digital differential protection. Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on ,Vol:8,Issue: 3 .July 1993 Pages:933-940.
[41] Bunyagul, T.;Crossley, P.;Gale, P. Overcurrent protection using signals derived from satur ated measurement CTs. Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,2001. IEEE,Volume: 1 ,15-19 July 2001 Pages:103 -108.
【2】 GB 16847—1997(idt.IEC 44-6:1992),保护用电流互感器暂态特性技术要求.
【3】 袁季修,盛和乐,吴聚业.保护用电流互感器应用指南[M].中国电力出版社,2004.
【4】 B.B.阿法纳西耶夫.电流互感器.机械出版社,1989,12.
【5】 刘从爱.互感器与相序虑过器.水利电力出版社,1991,3.
【6】 白忠敏.电力用互感器和电能计量装置设计选型与应用.中国电力出版社,2004,1.
【7】 王春生,卓乐友,艾素兰.母线保护,水利电力出版社,1987.9.
【8】 朱声石.高压电网继电保护原理与技术.中国电力出版社,1995.
【9】 杨奇逊.微型机继电保护基础.水利电力出版社,1988,11.
【10】 陈德树.计算机继电保护原理与技术.水利电力出版社,1992,11.
【11】 符杨.电流互感器暂态时域仿真.电力系统自动化,1995.3(3).
【12】 张军,朱声石.电流互感器暂态仿真数学模型的改进.电力自动化设备,1997.8(3).
【13】 戚伟国.电流互感器的电磁动态过程及其模拟计算.电力系统自动化,1985.4(4).
【14】 李忠安,何奔腾.磁制动母线差动保护研究.继电器,2000.9(9):10-14.
【15】 程利军,杨奇逊.基于采样值的CT饱和检测方案的研究.继电器,2000.8(8):19-20.
【16】 李岩,陈德树.鉴别TA饱和的改进时差法研究..水利电力科技,2001.11(4):34-38.
【17】 符杨,蓝之达,陈珩.电流互感器暂态时域仿真.学术论文与应用研究,25-31.
【18】 余保东,张粒子,杨以涵.电流互感器铁心的暂态磁化模型及误差计算.电工技术学报,1998.12(13):25-30.
【19】 袁季修,盛和乐.电流互感器的暂态饱和及应用计算.继电器,2002.2(2):1-5.
【20】 陈建玉,孟宪民,张振旗,王志华.电流互感器饱和对继电保护影响的分析及对策.电力系统自动化,2000.3(6):54-56.
【21】 杨庆刚.电流互感器饱和对保护装置的影响.江苏电力技术,1998.9(3):3-4.
【22】 何奔腾,马永生.电流互感器饱和对母线保护的影响.继电器,1998.4(2):16-20.
【23】 马永生,何奔腾.磁制动母线差动保护原理初探.继电器,1998.4(5):15-19.
【24】 李建新,桂小军,俞镛伟.一种适用于母差保护的CT饱和判据.继电器,2003.3(3).
【25】 程利军,杨奇逊.中阻抗母线保护原理、整定及运行的探讨.电网技术,2000.6(6).
【26】 罗姗姗,贺家李,王荣琴.母线保护中电流互感器饱和检测新判据.电力系统及其 自动化学报,1996.9(3):29-36.
【27】 王志鸿,郑玉平,贺家李.通过计算谐波比确定母线保护中电流互感器的饱和.电力系统及其自动化学报,2000.10(5):19-24.
【28】 李贵存,刘万顺,贾清泉,槽丰梅等.利用小波原理检测电流互感器饱和的新方法.电力系统自动化,2001.3(5):36-44.
【29】 陈铮,董新洲,罗承沐.电流互感器饱和影响测距精度的一种解决方法.电力系统自动化,2002.1(1):34-39.
【30】 蔡耀红,缪仙荣.抗电流互感器饱和电流继电器的研究和应用.华东电力,2001.4(2).
【31】 Yong-Cheol Kang;Seung-Hun Ok;Sang-Hee Kang. A CT saturation detection algorith-m.Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on ,Volume: 19 ,Issue: 1 ,Jan. 2004.Pages:78-85.
【32】 Kang, Y.C.;Ok, S.H.;Kang, S.H.;A CT saturation detection algorithm.Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2003, IEEE ,Vol1,13-17 July 2003.
【33】 Yong-Cheol Kang;Sang-Hee Kang. An algorithm for detecting CT saturation using the secondary current third-difference function. Power Tech Conference Proceedings, 2003 IEEE Bologna ,Vol4,23-26 June 2003.
【34】 Locci, N.;Muscas, C. A digital compensation method for improving current transformer accuracy. Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on,Vol: 15,lssue:4,Oct.2000.
【35】 Yang,L.;Dolloff, P.A.;Phadke, A.G. A microprocessor based bus relay using a current transformer saturation detector. Power Symposium, 1990. Proceedings of the TwentySecond Annual North American, 15-16 Oct. 1990 Pages: 193-202.
【36】 Li Guicun;Liu Wanshun;Jia Qingquan. A new method of detecting current transducer saturation based on wavelet transform. Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,2001. IEEE ,Volume: 1,15-19 July 2001 Pages:617-621.
【37】 Jiuping Pan;Khoi Vu;Yi Hu. An efficient compensation algorithm for current transformer saturation effects. Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on ,Vol 19 ,Issue:4,Oct.2004.Pages:1623-1628.
【38】 Fernandez, C. An impedance-based CT saturation detection algorithm for busbar differential protection. Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on ,Volume: 16 ,Issue: 4 ,Oct. 2001 Pages:468-472.
【39】 Kasztenny, B.;Rosolowski, E.;Lukowicz, M.;Izykowski, J. Current related relaying algorithms immune to saturation of current transformers. Developments in Power System Protection, Sixth International Conference on,25-27 March 1997 Pages:365 - 368.
[40] Hosemann, G;Steigerwald, H.M. Modal saturation detector for digital differential protection. Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on ,Vol:8,Issue: 3 .July 1993 Pages:933-940.
[41] Bunyagul, T.;Crossley, P.;Gale, P. Overcurrent protection using signals derived from satur ated measurement CTs. Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,2001. IEEE,Volume: 1 ,15-19 July 2001 Pages:103 -108.