水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器微油点火的数值模拟及应用研究
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摘要
我国的石油资源探明储量有限,大量需求依赖进口,我国电力供应还是以燃煤机组为主,机组的启停及低负荷稳燃,需要消耗大量燃油,因此研制开发电力行业相关的节油新技术,降低发电成本,对我国国民经济可持续发展具有重大意义。
本文介绍了煤粉锅炉节油点火技术及其发展,简要地介绍了目前各种少油点火和无油点火技术的应用情况和优缺点,重点介绍了先进高效的微油点火技术的节油稳燃机理及其目前的应用情况。
微油点火技术已经在许多圆筒形煤粉燃烧器上得到成功应用,导师首次提出微油点火技术与水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器结合应用的设计构想,利用数值模拟方法对微量油枪在水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器上的点火燃烧过程及运行状态进行数值模拟研究,得到燃烧器的优化设计结构,从而为微油点火技术与水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器的首次实际应用提供指导性数据,最后通过对比某电厂1号410t/h燃贫煤锅炉的工业试验结果,对计算方法和结论予以验证。
本文模拟采用了技术先进的哈尔滨工业大学百叶窗水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器,在最大程度保证原燃烧器技术性能的前提下,对其部分结构进行了优化,以适应与微量油枪结构布置的技术要求,力求在达到节油点火目的的同时,充分发挥百叶窗水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器的性能优势。
因为系统内包含煤粉和燃油两种燃料,所以对气相燃烧模拟采用二混合分数方法,利用此方法计算油煤混燃在燃烧模拟研究领域尚不多见。模拟系统属于气、液、固三相流场,在燃烧器不同结构尺寸和运行参数条件下,通过对比分析冷态和热态模拟结果,得到单只油枪合理出力燃油量,燃烧室长度,燃烧室隔板布置及开度,导流体距末级叶片的距离等燃烧器运行和结构参数,所得计算结果作为该节能新技术首次实际应用的指导性参数,通过现场工业试验结果,得知研究中所采用的计算方法和所得结论是正确有效的。
The prove up quantiy of rock oil is limited in china, lots of rock oil need import, burning coal units give priority to serve electric power in our country, ignition and stable combustion in lower load of generate electricity units need a lot of oil, so the research of new saving oil technology for generate electricity industry, to lower the cost of generate electricity, has magnitude senses for continable developing of our society economy.
Saving oil technology of pulverized coal boiler and its development were introduced, and present the application situation of oil-less ignition technology and oil-free ignition technology, specially, the tiny oil ignition technology was introduced, about its saving oil and stable combustion mechanism, and application situation.
Tiny oil ignition technology has been used in many cylinder form coal burner successfully, this study bring forward making tiny oil ignition technology add up to horizontal bias pulverized coal burner firstly, using numerical simulation method to study the pulverized coal ignition process and working state of a louver horizontal bias pulverized coal burner with tiny oil gun, in order to gain the optimized design configuration of burner and guide senses parameters of tiny oil gun ignite horizontal bias pulverized coal burner for practical application. Lastly, this new saving energy technology was applied successfully in some thermoelectricity limited company NO.1 boiler , so the simulation results were checked.
The advanced technology of harbin institute of technology louver horizontal bias pulverized coal burner was used in this study, as possible as keeping original burner configuration, some parts of the burner configuration were optimized designed again, so the burner and tiny oil gun combine application come ture, not only achieve saving oil aim, but also bring into play louver horizontal bias pulverized coal burner capability superiority.
Because of this system contain two fuel, coal and oil, a two mixture fraction approach was used for the gaseous phase combustion modeling, this method was used to study oil and coal mixed combustion problem in numerical simulation domain is infrequence. The system contain three phases, gas、liquid and solid, on different burner structure and working parameters conditions, some conclusions were gained by analyzing the simulation results, such as the distance of guide liquid body part from the last vane, rational oil flux for one tiny oil gun, with opening degree combustion room clapboard configuration, the length of combustion room and so on. The simulation results were used for guiding this technology practical application, and the simulation method and conclusions were checked successfully, by industrial test.
本文介绍了煤粉锅炉节油点火技术及其发展,简要地介绍了目前各种少油点火和无油点火技术的应用情况和优缺点,重点介绍了先进高效的微油点火技术的节油稳燃机理及其目前的应用情况。
微油点火技术已经在许多圆筒形煤粉燃烧器上得到成功应用,导师首次提出微油点火技术与水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器结合应用的设计构想,利用数值模拟方法对微量油枪在水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器上的点火燃烧过程及运行状态进行数值模拟研究,得到燃烧器的优化设计结构,从而为微油点火技术与水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器的首次实际应用提供指导性数据,最后通过对比某电厂1号410t/h燃贫煤锅炉的工业试验结果,对计算方法和结论予以验证。
本文模拟采用了技术先进的哈尔滨工业大学百叶窗水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器,在最大程度保证原燃烧器技术性能的前提下,对其部分结构进行了优化,以适应与微量油枪结构布置的技术要求,力求在达到节油点火目的的同时,充分发挥百叶窗水平浓淡煤粉燃烧器的性能优势。
因为系统内包含煤粉和燃油两种燃料,所以对气相燃烧模拟采用二混合分数方法,利用此方法计算油煤混燃在燃烧模拟研究领域尚不多见。模拟系统属于气、液、固三相流场,在燃烧器不同结构尺寸和运行参数条件下,通过对比分析冷态和热态模拟结果,得到单只油枪合理出力燃油量,燃烧室长度,燃烧室隔板布置及开度,导流体距末级叶片的距离等燃烧器运行和结构参数,所得计算结果作为该节能新技术首次实际应用的指导性参数,通过现场工业试验结果,得知研究中所采用的计算方法和所得结论是正确有效的。
The prove up quantiy of rock oil is limited in china, lots of rock oil need import, burning coal units give priority to serve electric power in our country, ignition and stable combustion in lower load of generate electricity units need a lot of oil, so the research of new saving oil technology for generate electricity industry, to lower the cost of generate electricity, has magnitude senses for continable developing of our society economy.
Saving oil technology of pulverized coal boiler and its development were introduced, and present the application situation of oil-less ignition technology and oil-free ignition technology, specially, the tiny oil ignition technology was introduced, about its saving oil and stable combustion mechanism, and application situation.
Tiny oil ignition technology has been used in many cylinder form coal burner successfully, this study bring forward making tiny oil ignition technology add up to horizontal bias pulverized coal burner firstly, using numerical simulation method to study the pulverized coal ignition process and working state of a louver horizontal bias pulverized coal burner with tiny oil gun, in order to gain the optimized design configuration of burner and guide senses parameters of tiny oil gun ignite horizontal bias pulverized coal burner for practical application. Lastly, this new saving energy technology was applied successfully in some thermoelectricity limited company NO.1 boiler , so the simulation results were checked.
The advanced technology of harbin institute of technology louver horizontal bias pulverized coal burner was used in this study, as possible as keeping original burner configuration, some parts of the burner configuration were optimized designed again, so the burner and tiny oil gun combine application come ture, not only achieve saving oil aim, but also bring into play louver horizontal bias pulverized coal burner capability superiority.
Because of this system contain two fuel, coal and oil, a two mixture fraction approach was used for the gaseous phase combustion modeling, this method was used to study oil and coal mixed combustion problem in numerical simulation domain is infrequence. The system contain three phases, gas、liquid and solid, on different burner structure and working parameters conditions, some conclusions were gained by analyzing the simulation results, such as the distance of guide liquid body part from the last vane, rational oil flux for one tiny oil gun, with opening degree combustion room clapboard configuration, the length of combustion room and so on. The simulation results were used for guiding this technology practical application, and the simulation method and conclusions were checked successfully, by industrial test.
引文
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11贾永成.微油量气化燃烧直接煤粉燃烧系统在670t/h锅炉上的应用.黑龙江电力. 2005,22(4):263-265
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2刘影,宋资勤,包克福.煤粉锅炉点火技术及其发展.发电设备. 2001,(4):13-16
3涂建华.煤粉炉无油点火技术.中国能源. 1996,(11):38-39
4安恩科.小油枪煤粉燃烧器在电站锅炉中的应用.中国电力, 2000,33(3):10-12
5李军红.油枪直接点煤粉技术的应用.广东电力. 2005,18(3)
6唐文.小油枪煤粉燃烧器在电站锅炉中的应用.西安航空技术高等专科学校校报. 2001, 20(1):34-35
7孙家鼎.少油煤粉直接点火及稳燃喷燃器.中国电力. 1996,10
8韩才元.稳燃腔燃烧器的内回流和煤粉浓缩使燃烧稳定.应用基础与工程科学学报. 2000,8(2):118-125
9郭永浩,王小保,稳燃腔燃烧器在420t/h无烟煤锅炉上的应用.热力发电. 2002,(4):52-54
10郭永浩,孙学信.稳燃腔燃烧器少油点火的研究与应用.中国电力. 2003,36(10):25-28
11贾永成.微油量气化燃烧直接煤粉燃烧系统在670t/h锅炉上的应用.黑龙江电力. 2005,22(4):263-265
12刘影,宋资勤,包克福.煤粉锅炉点火技术及其发展.发电设备. 2001,(4):13-16
13樊有德译.煤粉燃料采用低温等离子体点火及稳定燃烧.锅炉技术. 1995,(1):18-22
14崔风誉,张玉周.等离子煤粉点火燃烧器工业性试验研究及应用[J].中国电力. 2001,34(2):17-20
15邱瑜.煤粉锅炉电热多级点火与稳燃技术.浙江大学硕士论文. 1995,2
16李文蛟.感应式加热煤粉锅炉无油直接点火燃烧器的基础和试验研究[D].杭州:浙江大学, 2000
17石伟.感应加热煤粉多级无油点火的试验研究和数值模拟[D].杭州:浙江大学,2003
18 Jone c Chen,et al.Observation of laser ignition and combustion of pulverized coal. Fuel.1995,74(3):323-330
19 C. John, et al. Laser Ignition of Pulverized. Coals Combustion and Flame. 1994,97:107-117
20 Mingchang Qu, Masahrio Ishigaki, Masanori Tokuta. Ignition and Combustion of Laser-Heated Pulverized Coal. Fuel.1996,75(10):1155-1160
21 T. X. Phouc.High-energy Nd-Yag Laser Ignition of Coal:Experimental Observation. Combustion and Flame.1993,93:19-30
22 Zhang Dong-ke. Laser Induceignition of Pulverized Fule Particles. Combustion and Flame.1992,90:134-142
23 Fluent Inc. FLUENT User’s Guide. USA: Fluent Inc. 2001
24李勇,刘志友.介绍计算流体力学通用软件—Fluent.水动力学研究与进展. 2001,16(2): 254-258
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