我国高校高尔夫专业人才培养对策研究
摘要
高尔夫产业作为一个新兴产业在中国蓬勃发展,20年来虽取得了辉煌的成果,与高尔夫发达国家相比,还存在较多的问题。如高尔夫占用耕地、环境污染、高税收等都阻碍了我国高尔夫产业的发展,国家在近几年也颁布了一些与高尔夫产业相关政策来限制高尔夫产业的发展。归根结底是作为高尔夫产业发展的主力军——人才的供给却没有跟上高尔夫发展的步伐,成了阻碍高尔夫发展的重要因素之一。目前我国很多高尔夫俱乐部及高尔夫相关产业的管理人员、营销人员的综合素质较低,直接影响到产业发展的速度,在很大程度上高尔夫管理人才供给是供不应求;随着高尔夫运动重返奥运会大家庭,国家将推动高尔夫运动的普及,高尔夫运动人才的需求也将逐步加大;高尔夫球场建造与草坪维护人才培养在我国一直是一个空缺,高薪聘请的国外人才在一定程度上不能满足我国快速发展的高尔夫俱乐部需要,球场建造与草坪维护人才的培养是迫在眉睫的。本文运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、比较研究法、统计法对我国现有高尔夫专业人才培养规模、模式以及高尔夫专业毕业生就业情况等发展现状进行分析,就高尔夫产业相关政策、国家教育政策、社会国民以及现有市场环境等因素对高尔夫专业人才培养的影响进行研究。从而提出了我国高尔夫专业人才培养的发展思路应是立足于基础建设之上的,加强教师师资队伍建设,通过学习国外先进专业知识来加快我国高尔夫专业教材建设;在人才培养方面需要做到学历教育与职业教育并重的,为高尔夫人才市场输送高学历、高素质、高技能的综合型专业人才;在高尔夫专业教育方面要“本土化”和“国际化”相结合,既采纳国外的先进专业理念又符合中国特色。在人才培养的定位主要在高尔夫管理人才、高尔夫竞技人才、高尔夫球场建造与草坪维护人才和高尔夫市场营销人才四个方向。最后提出,在改善我国高尔夫专业人才培养问题上,我们要做到校企合作,建立相应的实训基地,保证高尔夫专业人才培养平衡;在发展高尔夫教育的同时,还要引进和培养优秀的高尔夫教育人才;积极扩大国际交流与合作,缩小与高尔夫发达国家的差距,发展具有中国特色的高尔夫产业。
Golf industry, as an emerging developing industry in China, has made brilliant achievement in recent 20 years, although there is still many problems compared with that of the developed countries. Since the covering cultivated land for golf, environment pollution and high taxes become the hinder of the development of Chinese golf industry, our country announced some released policies on golf industry to limit the development of golf industry in recent years. In the final analysis, it is the main force of the development of golf industry–the supply of the talents that doesn’t keep up with the pace of golf development thus becomes one of the important factors that baffle its development. At present, the comprehensive quality of the administrator and marketing personnel in many golf clubs and related industries is low, which directly affect the speed of the industrial development, thus make the short supply of talents on golf management to a large extent; With the return of golf to the Olympic family, the country will promote the popularity of golf, and the demand of talents on golf sports will also develop step by step; The supply of talents on the construction of golf course and lawn maintenance in our country has been a vacancy, since well-paid foreign talents can not meet the need of highly developing golf clubs to some extent. Therefore, the cultivation of the related talents is imminent. This paper makes an analysis on our country's existing golf professional talent supply scale, mode and golf professional graduates' employment situation by the use of the methods of material collecting, expert interview, comparative research, and statistics. It also studies on such factors as related policy on golf industry, national education policy, existing market environment influenced the supply of golf professionals. This paper also proposes that the developing train of thought of the supply of golf professionals should be based on infrastructure developments, the construction teaching faculty and speeding up teaching material development through learning foreign advanced professional knowledge; On the aspect of personnel training, curricula education and vocational education should be combined with to cultivate highly educated, qualified, and skilled interdisciplinary professional talents for golf talent market; On the aspect of golf professional education, "localization" and "internationalization" should be combined with and foreign advanced professional concept should be adopted to comply with Chinese characteristics. The positioning of the talents is mainly on four directions: golf management personnel, golf athletic talent, golf course construction and lawn maintenance personnel and golf marketing personnel. The paper points out finally that we must do the school-enterprise cooperation, establish the corresponding training base, and ensure golf professional talent supply balance in improving Chinese golf professional talent supply problem; In the development of education, we also should introduce and train talents of excellent golf education talent; expand international exchange and cooperation actively , narrow the gap with golf developed countries and develop golf industry with Chinese characteristics.
Golf industry, as an emerging developing industry in China, has made brilliant achievement in recent 20 years, although there is still many problems compared with that of the developed countries. Since the covering cultivated land for golf, environment pollution and high taxes become the hinder of the development of Chinese golf industry, our country announced some released policies on golf industry to limit the development of golf industry in recent years. In the final analysis, it is the main force of the development of golf industry–the supply of the talents that doesn’t keep up with the pace of golf development thus becomes one of the important factors that baffle its development. At present, the comprehensive quality of the administrator and marketing personnel in many golf clubs and related industries is low, which directly affect the speed of the industrial development, thus make the short supply of talents on golf management to a large extent; With the return of golf to the Olympic family, the country will promote the popularity of golf, and the demand of talents on golf sports will also develop step by step; The supply of talents on the construction of golf course and lawn maintenance in our country has been a vacancy, since well-paid foreign talents can not meet the need of highly developing golf clubs to some extent. Therefore, the cultivation of the related talents is imminent. This paper makes an analysis on our country's existing golf professional talent supply scale, mode and golf professional graduates' employment situation by the use of the methods of material collecting, expert interview, comparative research, and statistics. It also studies on such factors as related policy on golf industry, national education policy, existing market environment influenced the supply of golf professionals. This paper also proposes that the developing train of thought of the supply of golf professionals should be based on infrastructure developments, the construction teaching faculty and speeding up teaching material development through learning foreign advanced professional knowledge; On the aspect of personnel training, curricula education and vocational education should be combined with to cultivate highly educated, qualified, and skilled interdisciplinary professional talents for golf talent market; On the aspect of golf professional education, "localization" and "internationalization" should be combined with and foreign advanced professional concept should be adopted to comply with Chinese characteristics. The positioning of the talents is mainly on four directions: golf management personnel, golf athletic talent, golf course construction and lawn maintenance personnel and golf marketing personnel. The paper points out finally that we must do the school-enterprise cooperation, establish the corresponding training base, and ensure golf professional talent supply balance in improving Chinese golf professional talent supply problem; In the development of education, we also should introduce and train talents of excellent golf education talent; expand international exchange and cooperation actively , narrow the gap with golf developed countries and develop golf industry with Chinese characteristics.
引文
①郁小平.中国高尔夫球俱乐部发展战略研究[D].暨南大学博士论文,2004(9):47.
①伍勇辉.国际化进程中的中国高尔夫旅游及教育[J].当代经济(下半月),2008(5):122-123.
①刘宗现.中国高尔夫产业分析[D].中国农业科学院硕士论文,2008(6).111-115
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[2]刘永芳.管理心理学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008,1.
[3]李明.体育产业学导论[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2001.
[4]吴亚初.高尔夫概论[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2003,1.
[5]谭受清.高尔夫运动导程[M].国防科技大学出版社,2003.
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[7]张娜.北京高尔夫球场与房地产业发展战略研究[D].北京林业大学,2007.
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[9]刘宗现.中国高尔夫产业分析[D].中国农业科学院硕士论文,2008,6.
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[12]顾跃.中美高尔夫专业本科课程体系的比较研究[D]湖南师范大学,2009.
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[14]李佳.高尔夫运动人群的休闲生活质量研究[D]暨南大学,2009.
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[18]唐芒果,时金陵.高职高尔夫球专业“校企合作循环实训”人才培养模式的实践与探讨[J]. 2008,(8).
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[21]黄登峰.美英高尔夫管理专业教育研究及其启示[J].体育文化导刊,2008,(10).
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[27]郁小平,夏洪胜.高尔夫球经济理论研究初探[J].价格月刊,2004,(9).
[28]许竹,魏振豪.禁令下的高尔夫球场建设将何去何从[N].中华建筑报,2009-11.
[29]陈慧琴.高职院校高尔夫专业发展现状及前景探索[J].才智,2011,(2).
[30]伍勇辉.国际化进程中的中国高尔夫旅游及教育[J].当代经济(下半月),2008,(5).
[31]吴克祥.中国高尔夫产业可持续发展探析[J]特区经济,2004,(09).
[32]何莽,陈奕滨,饶勇.我国高尔夫球场发展和区域分布的影响因素分析[J].北京体育大学学报,2011,(01).
[33]顾跃.高尔夫运动与管理专业课程体系的整体优化[J].科技信息,2009,(5).
[34]吴克祥,张弛.中国高尔夫高等教育的基础建设与实践[J].特区经济,2006,(2).
[35]王保军.订单培养校企双赢[J].中国职业技术教育,2007,(18).
[36]夏英.市场经济体制下校企合作机制研究[J].中国职业技术教育,2007,(9).
[37]郑旭辉,刘松青.加强校企合作促进素质教育发展[J].理工高教研究,2004,(2).
[28]邱红伟,唐桢.瓶颈中的中国高尔夫发展之路[J].合作经济与科技,2008,(7).
[39]谢芳,陈小蓉.对中美高尔夫管理专业本科教育的比较研究[J].体育学刊,2006,(13).
[40]于春艳.高尔夫球橄榄球重返奥运会思考[J].体育文化导刊,2010,(3).
[41]刘德云.高尔夫旅游发展模式研究[J].旅游学刊,2007,22(12).
①伍勇辉.国际化进程中的中国高尔夫旅游及教育[J].当代经济(下半月),2008(5):122-123.
①刘宗现.中国高尔夫产业分析[D].中国农业科学院硕士论文,2008(6).111-115
[1]陈永明.教育行政新论[M].华东师范大学出版社,2005,1.
[2]刘永芳.管理心理学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008,1.
[3]李明.体育产业学导论[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2001.
[4]吴亚初.高尔夫概论[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2003,1.
[5]谭受清.高尔夫运动导程[M].国防科技大学出版社,2003.
[6]吴亚初.我国高尔夫俱乐部企业人力资源发展现状与走向[M].北京:中国高尔夫管理, 2005,(1).
[7]张娜.北京高尔夫球场与房地产业发展战略研究[D].北京林业大学,2007.
[8]彭剑波.公共生态空间私用化问题研究[D].清华大学博士论文,2008,12.
[9]刘宗现.中国高尔夫产业分析[D].中国农业科学院硕士论文,2008,6.
[10]郁小平.中国高尔夫球俱乐部发展战略研究[D].暨南大学博士论文,2004,9.
[11]崔英淑.我国高尔夫球场环境保护与土地政策研究[D].中国农业大学,2005.
[12]顾跃.中美高尔夫专业本科课程体系的比较研究[D]湖南师范大学,2009.
[13]黎吉权.高尔夫应用型本科人才培养途径探析[D]湖南师范大学,2010.
[14]李佳.高尔夫运动人群的休闲生活质量研究[D]暨南大学,2009.
[15]李冬平,周小明.大学生就业指导工作的实践与思考[J].湘潭师范学院学报,2003,(25).
[16]项东.郁小平.行业人才需阶梯式培养,高尔夫媒体三年洗牌[J].高球先生.2006,(9).
[17]陈明.高尔夫教育之我见[J].探索学术论坛,2008,(3).
[18]唐芒果,时金陵.高职高尔夫球专业“校企合作循环实训”人才培养模式的实践与探讨[J]. 2008,(8).
[19]戴临中,戴菁.我国高尔夫专业教育现状及对策[J].湖南涉外经济学院学报,2006,(3).
[20]潘维真.地方性大学人才培养模式多样化改革探索[J].中国大学教学,2005,(10).
[21]黄登峰.美英高尔夫管理专业教育研究及其启示[J].体育文化导刊,2008,(10).
[22]周灵敏.中国高尔夫产业化发展趋势和高尔夫产业结构分析[EB/OL]. (2004-05-24). http://sports.sina.com.cn.
[23]林永革,杨亮.我国高尔夫产业发展的现状和前景[J].广州体育学院学报,2005,(6).
[24]姜川牟,利明.我国高尔夫运动的发展现状与对策[J].科技信息,2008,(22).
[25]金银日,汝安.高校高尔夫专业教育现状及其对我国高尔夫产业发展影响的研究[A].第22届中国国际体育用品博览会体育产业与体育用品发展论坛论文集[C].2008,(5).
[26]郁小平,夏洪胜.高尔夫球运动对我国社会经济发展的促进作用[J].天津体育学院学报,2004,(9).
[27]郁小平,夏洪胜.高尔夫球经济理论研究初探[J].价格月刊,2004,(9).
[28]许竹,魏振豪.禁令下的高尔夫球场建设将何去何从[N].中华建筑报,2009-11.
[29]陈慧琴.高职院校高尔夫专业发展现状及前景探索[J].才智,2011,(2).
[30]伍勇辉.国际化进程中的中国高尔夫旅游及教育[J].当代经济(下半月),2008,(5).
[31]吴克祥.中国高尔夫产业可持续发展探析[J]特区经济,2004,(09).
[32]何莽,陈奕滨,饶勇.我国高尔夫球场发展和区域分布的影响因素分析[J].北京体育大学学报,2011,(01).
[33]顾跃.高尔夫运动与管理专业课程体系的整体优化[J].科技信息,2009,(5).
[34]吴克祥,张弛.中国高尔夫高等教育的基础建设与实践[J].特区经济,2006,(2).
[35]王保军.订单培养校企双赢[J].中国职业技术教育,2007,(18).
[36]夏英.市场经济体制下校企合作机制研究[J].中国职业技术教育,2007,(9).
[37]郑旭辉,刘松青.加强校企合作促进素质教育发展[J].理工高教研究,2004,(2).
[28]邱红伟,唐桢.瓶颈中的中国高尔夫发展之路[J].合作经济与科技,2008,(7).
[39]谢芳,陈小蓉.对中美高尔夫管理专业本科教育的比较研究[J].体育学刊,2006,(13).
[40]于春艳.高尔夫球橄榄球重返奥运会思考[J].体育文化导刊,2010,(3).
[41]刘德云.高尔夫旅游发展模式研究[J].旅游学刊,2007,22(12).