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淡水枝角类和轮虫生态及批量培养技术的研究
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摘要
本报告总结了作者在华东师范大学博士后流动站期间的研究工
    作。在此期间,作者主要从事枝角类和轮虫的生态学及培养技术等方面
    的研究,内容包括:
    第一部分 淡水枝角类批量培养的基础研究。完成了适宜批量培养
    的种类的筛选及主要生态学因子的研究工作。采用编制生命表和种群培
    养的方法,研究得到,多刺裸腹溞(Moina macrocopa)和直额裸腹
    溞(Moina rectirostris)内禀增长率高,生殖力大,是批量培养的优选
    对象;这两种溞摄食面包酵母的适宜密度是2.5×10°cell/ml;多刺裸
    腹溞的适宜培养温度是28℃。
    第二部分 轮虫批量培养增产措施及操作规程的研究。作者在以往
    (攻读博士学位期间)对轮虫批量培养的种类筛选、饵料评价、生态学
    因子研究及保种技术探讨的基础上,着重研究了改善面包酵母培养轮虫
    效果的措施,同时试验了批量培养的操作规程。结果表明,在面包酵母
    液中加入适量的光合细菌(1~10%)和维生素C(0.1mg/ml),可明
    显促进轮虫的种群增长。在30升的有机玻璃培养桶中,用面包酵母作
    为饵料,采用逐渐扩大培养体积的方法,批量培养萼花臂尾轮虫,收获
    密度可达400~530ind/ml,培养过程中的密度可维持在200~
    300ind/ml。
    第三部分 长江口轮虫和枝角类群落的初步研究。长江口是我国最
    大河流的入海口。作者首次对该水域轮虫和枝角类群落结构、分布特
    点、多样性测度进行了较详细的分析。
    第四部分 译著一部。在进行研究工作的同时,翻译整理了《轮虫
    大量培养的生态——生物学基础》一书。该书共分6个章节,较系统地
    写入了国外对淡水轮虫批量培养的生态学和生物学方面的研究成果。
    第五部分 整理以往的工作成果。对以往的工作共整理发表了论文
    8篇,已通过审稿待发表的论文5篇,正在审稿中的论文2篇。
This report sums up the research works that the author has doing during the postdoctoral period in East Normal University.During the period the author has particulanly studied in ecology and cultural technology of cladocera and rotifer.In the report was included following parts:
    The first part: Basal researches in batch culturing fresh water cladocera .The research in the sift of kinds fit to batch culture and the main ecological factor have been completed.By drawing up life-table and population culturing , it has been found that Moina macrocopa and Moina rectirostris have great intrinsisc rate of increase and reproductive capacity.They are most fit to batch culture.The suitable density of Sccharomyces cerevisrace for these two kinds of cladocera is
    2.5×106 cell/ml and suitable culture temprature for Moina macrocopa is 28℃.
    The second part: Researches in the measure of increas production and operation sequence of batch culture for rotifer.On the base of studied before author empatically sdudied the measure that can improve culturing effect for rotifer using Sccharomyces cerevisrace.At the same time , was tested the operation sequence of batch culturing. The results shown that adding just the right amount of PSB (1-10%) and vitamin C (0.1mg/ml) to cultivation liquid of Sccharomyces cerevisrace may be markedly promote population increas of rotifer. The harvest density can be 400-530 ind/ml and in the course the density can maintain 200-300 ind/ml at batch culture using Sccharomyces cerevisrace as food of Brachionus calyciflorus
    The third part: Initial researches in community of rotifer and cladocera at Changjiang estuary. The author first makes an exhaustive study on structure of community , characteristics of distribution , diversity measur-ements.
    The fourth part: One chanslational work. "Eco-Biological base of batch culture for rotifer ".
    The fifth part: Sort out the former achievements in scientific research and published 8 articles.
引文
[1] 郑重.温度对淡水枝角水蚤(Daphnia pulex)生长的影响.厦门大学学报(自然科学版),1954,(4):5~8.
    [2] 郑重.淡水枝角类的生殖.动物学杂志,1959,(1):22~28.
    [3] 堵南山等.隆线蚤(Daphnia cerinata King)生长与生殖.华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),1983,(2):85~91.
    [4] 黄祥飞.三种淡水枝角类生物学的研究.海洋与湖沼,1985,16(3):188~195.
    [5] 程汉良,李树国.大量培养多刺裸腹蚤的研究.齐鲁渔业,1994,11(4):27~31.
    [6] 何志辉.直额裸腹蚤对海水盐度的适应能力.动物学杂志,1986,2:25~27.
    [7] 宋大祥.大型蚤(Daphnia magna Straus)的初步研究.动物学报,1962,14(1):49~62.
    [8] 熊国胜.微型裸腹蚤、隆线蚤生长和种群特性的研究.水利渔业,1988,(6):16~19.
    [9] 蒋燮志,堵南山.中国动物志.甲壳纲、淡水枝角炎.北京:科学出版社.1979,110~151.
    [10] 孙儒泳.动物生态学原理.北京师范大学出版社.1991
    [11] 梁颜龄.隆线蚤的内禀增长能力.水生生物集刊,1964,5(1):31~36.
    [12] 徐汝梅.昆虫种群生态学.北京师范大学出版社.
    [13] Odum E.P.Fundamentals of Ecilogy. W.B.Saunders,Philadelphia.1977.
    [14] 1980,22.

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