中国西部低阶煤储层特征及其勘探潜力分析
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摘要
针对我国西部广泛分布的低阶煤盆地及其潜在的巨大的资源,通过对国内外低阶煤储层以及勘探实例的基础上,采集具有代表性的低阶煤样品并对其进行储集特征研究和分析,在此基础上提出三种低阶煤煤层气的富集模式,以及勘探潜力。研究成果主要体现在以下几个方面:
1、工业分析表明,尽管其水分和挥发分与国内外的研究结果很相似,但是该地区的低阶煤属于特低灰煤,有利于煤层气的吸附和储集。而且密度随镜质组的增加下降,矿物质的增加而增高;孔容则随镜质组含量的增加而减小。
2、总空隙主要由小孔孔容构成,小孔孔容占了50%以上;镜质组含量和惰性组含量等物质以及镜煤反射率均与孔容、比表面未表现出明显的相关性,说明孔隙分布特征不受物质组成的影响
3、鄂尔多斯地区的空隙呈现开放状态为主,空隙开放的次序为暗煤-亮煤-煤样-镜煤,其他盆地则为半封闭和细瓶颈空隙
4、随压力增加,煤对气体的吸附量增加,煤中所含游离气的量随之减小;随温度增加,煤对气体的吸附量减小,而煤中所含游离气的量随之增加;在相同的温压条件下,同是长焰煤的样品,吸附量在孔容中所占的比例随镜质组含量增加而增加。
5、长焰煤渗透率高于褐煤,低于肥煤;垂直样的渗透率略高于平行样的渗透率,低阶煤样品的束缚水饱和度最低,有利于采气。但是由于其束缚水饱和度值平衡点处的含气饱和度值相对稍低,会在一定程度上影响低阶煤煤层气的采收率。
6、在储层特性分析的基础上,结合国内外煤层气的案例分析,针对西部低阶煤煤层气资源认识的现状,提出了背斜型、断陷型和凹陷型三种不同的低阶煤煤层气富集模式。
7、提出各个盆地的煤层气得富集模式,并预测出21个低阶煤煤层气勘探有利区,预测资源量为5.2万亿立方米。而准噶尔盆地和吐哈盆地是低阶煤煤层气勘探的重点地区。
The reservoir capability were studied by the tested data which are from sometypical low rank coal bearing basins in the western China to speed up the CBMexploration. Three CBM richness model were given basis on the analysis of coalreservoir, some potential targets will be the emphases for the next exploration stage inthe future. The main points of this paper are as follows:
1. Ash content is lower although VM and moisture content are as similar with theother research work, it indicates that it is available for adsorption and reservation ofCBM. The density is becoming lighter with increasing of vitrinite content anddecreasing the mineral content. The pore capacity is becoming smaller with increasingthe vitrinite content.
2. Micro-porosity is dominated in the total pore capacity, which takes more than50%. There is not relationship among pore capacity and specific surface with otherfactors such as Maceral and R0, which shows that the distribution and shapes of poreare not influenced by the composition of the coal.
3. The pore is opened for the coal of Ordos Basin, the order is from durain to clarainthen samples to vitrain. Others are belong to half-opened and thin throat.
4. The adsorption content of gas is increasing with the higher pressure, and the freegas content is decreasing;The adsorption content of gas is decreasing with thehigher temp, and the free gas content is increasing;The adsorption content of gas isincreasing with higher vitrinite content for the kennel coal when temp. and pressurekeep same status.
5. The permeability of kennel coal is higher than brown coal, but lower than fatcoal. The vertical permeability is higher than horizontal. The irreducible watersaturation is lowest comparing with other rank coals, it shows that it is available forproducing gas, but it would be influence in some degree for the gas recovery ratebecause of the lower balance point of the irreducible water saturation.
6. Three CBM richness model were predicted basin on the analysis of coal reservoirand the experiences of CBM exploration, which are anticline type, rift-subsidencetype and depression type respectively.
7. There are totally 21 potential targets and 5.2 trillion m3 of CBM resources for thewestern basins of China. The very potential basins are Zhungeer and Tuha.
1、工业分析表明,尽管其水分和挥发分与国内外的研究结果很相似,但是该地区的低阶煤属于特低灰煤,有利于煤层气的吸附和储集。而且密度随镜质组的增加下降,矿物质的增加而增高;孔容则随镜质组含量的增加而减小。
2、总空隙主要由小孔孔容构成,小孔孔容占了50%以上;镜质组含量和惰性组含量等物质以及镜煤反射率均与孔容、比表面未表现出明显的相关性,说明孔隙分布特征不受物质组成的影响
3、鄂尔多斯地区的空隙呈现开放状态为主,空隙开放的次序为暗煤-亮煤-煤样-镜煤,其他盆地则为半封闭和细瓶颈空隙
4、随压力增加,煤对气体的吸附量增加,煤中所含游离气的量随之减小;随温度增加,煤对气体的吸附量减小,而煤中所含游离气的量随之增加;在相同的温压条件下,同是长焰煤的样品,吸附量在孔容中所占的比例随镜质组含量增加而增加。
5、长焰煤渗透率高于褐煤,低于肥煤;垂直样的渗透率略高于平行样的渗透率,低阶煤样品的束缚水饱和度最低,有利于采气。但是由于其束缚水饱和度值平衡点处的含气饱和度值相对稍低,会在一定程度上影响低阶煤煤层气的采收率。
6、在储层特性分析的基础上,结合国内外煤层气的案例分析,针对西部低阶煤煤层气资源认识的现状,提出了背斜型、断陷型和凹陷型三种不同的低阶煤煤层气富集模式。
7、提出各个盆地的煤层气得富集模式,并预测出21个低阶煤煤层气勘探有利区,预测资源量为5.2万亿立方米。而准噶尔盆地和吐哈盆地是低阶煤煤层气勘探的重点地区。
The reservoir capability were studied by the tested data which are from sometypical low rank coal bearing basins in the western China to speed up the CBMexploration. Three CBM richness model were given basis on the analysis of coalreservoir, some potential targets will be the emphases for the next exploration stage inthe future. The main points of this paper are as follows:
1. Ash content is lower although VM and moisture content are as similar with theother research work, it indicates that it is available for adsorption and reservation ofCBM. The density is becoming lighter with increasing of vitrinite content anddecreasing the mineral content. The pore capacity is becoming smaller with increasingthe vitrinite content.
2. Micro-porosity is dominated in the total pore capacity, which takes more than50%. There is not relationship among pore capacity and specific surface with otherfactors such as Maceral and R0, which shows that the distribution and shapes of poreare not influenced by the composition of the coal.
3. The pore is opened for the coal of Ordos Basin, the order is from durain to clarainthen samples to vitrain. Others are belong to half-opened and thin throat.
4. The adsorption content of gas is increasing with the higher pressure, and the freegas content is decreasing;The adsorption content of gas is decreasing with thehigher temp, and the free gas content is increasing;The adsorption content of gas isincreasing with higher vitrinite content for the kennel coal when temp. and pressurekeep same status.
5. The permeability of kennel coal is higher than brown coal, but lower than fatcoal. The vertical permeability is higher than horizontal. The irreducible watersaturation is lowest comparing with other rank coals, it shows that it is available forproducing gas, but it would be influence in some degree for the gas recovery ratebecause of the lower balance point of the irreducible water saturation.
6. Three CBM richness model were predicted basin on the analysis of coal reservoirand the experiences of CBM exploration, which are anticline type, rift-subsidencetype and depression type respectively.
7. There are totally 21 potential targets and 5.2 trillion m3 of CBM resources for thewestern basins of China. The very potential basins are Zhungeer and Tuha.
引文
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