环境侵权责任保险制度研究
摘要
环境侵权行为造成的危害及其救济将成为今后一大社会问题。如何既能维护受害人的合法权益,又能保持社会经济的可持续发展,是环境法学研究所面临的迫切问题。环境侵权责任保险制度对解决这一问题具有独特的优势。它通过责任风险社会化的方式在保障环境污染受害人及时获得补偿、避免企业因承担巨额赔偿而破产等方面发挥了重要作用。构建我国的环境侵权责任保险制度必须从理论与实践两个层面来综合考量。笔者在考察国外研究成果并吸收国内已有研究成果的基础上,从多方面多层次对环境侵权责任保险制度作出综合的阐述,并着重从法律制度的层面,以法律的视角,分析论证了设立环境侵权责任保险的理论基础、现实基础,并结合我国实际,提出了适合我国国情的具体制度设计的建议,以期达到既能使受害人合法权益得到保障,又能实现社会经济利益之双重目的。
With the rapid development of industrialization, urbanization and economy, the global environmental problems become more and more serious. The accident contaminating brings extremely large loss for suffers’person and property. According to the principle of the person who contaminates is responsible, contaminate person should undertake compensative responsibility. But pollution can not be avoided in modern production, even enterprise produces in the light of environmental protection standard, it may also bring about damage to others. The environment infringers always face bankruptcy because of the huge environmental indemnity. This not only doesn’t conductive to the maintenance of socio-economic sustained development, but also the reality of enterprises unable to full compensate makes the victim’s legitimate rights and interests can not get timely and effective protection. This requires us to establish a system, which can make enterprise spread risks, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens. The system of liability insurances of environmental tort is one of the effectual methods which by scatter about the risk to the community to solve the compensations about environmental impairment. It makes the environmental indemnity duty of the business enterprise share with society, and has advantages of accelerating economic development and maintaining social stability, etc. We should create the system of liability insurances of environmental tort which is in line with state systems of our country. It will play an important role in perfecting China’s system of compensation for damage of environmental tort, promoting economic development and in safeguarding the environmental right of citizens. This text is divided into four parts to have a relatively comprehensive analysis and research on the system of liability insurances of environmental tort for its basic problems.
Part one describes the summary of the system of liability insurances of environmental tort. In this section, it discusses the history of the system of liability insurances of environmental tort, and analyzes its contents and characteristics, then defines its nature. Firstly, it points out that the liability insurances of environmental tort, which is one kind of liability insurance, emerging after liability insurance. With the rapid develop of economic, environmental issues become more and more serious, and then the liability insurances of environmental tort appeared. So far, there is not real sense of the system of liability insurance of environmental tort established in our country, though the environmental issues are very serious. Then it has summarized the definition of the liability insurances of environmental tort on the basis of having an analysis of the concept of the liability insurance. The liability insurances of environmental tort is a kind of absolute liability insurance, which regards the cost, caused by the insured person who should bear civil liability and environmental governance responsibilities because of caused damage to a third party for violating the environmental law, as the subject matter of insurance, and for the purpose of promoting the development of economic, as well as relieving the victims timely. Then this thesis discusses the characteristics of liability insurances of environmental tort briefly. It is considered as nonprofit and more mandatory. In addition, the government needs to provide some support because of its greater operational risks. Finally, the paper defines the nature of liability insurances of environmental tort. First and foremost, it should be consider as a kind of property insurance. Specifically, the liability insurances of environmental tort which was caused by sudden environmental violations should be treated as a commercial insurance, and the liability insurances of environmental tort which was caused by the cumulative environmental violations should be viewed as an insurance policy.
Part two describes the theoretical basis from three aspects emphatically, such as the principle of tort liability, the principle of social responsibility, the principle of the insurance interests, to construct the system of liability insurances of environmental tort. The development of modern socio-economic and technological promotes the development of the principles of tort liability, leading to the establishment of the principle of no-fault liability. Then in the field of environmental tort replaces the principle of the responsibility. The principle of no-fault liability applies more and more scopes prompts the development of liability insurances of environmental tort. The traditional tort law, stressed that undertakes the responsibility personally by the right infringement, but it is difficulty to realize society's fair justice if we pay great attention to the personal liability, because of the characteristic of environmental tort. Therefore, it needs to realize the environmental damage socialization, and the system of liability insurances of environmental tort is one of the effective ways to achieve this goal. As one system of insurance, the system of liability insurances of environmental tort must conform to the basic principle of law of insurance, in which most important is the principle of insurance interest. The insurance interest, which is called guarantee benefit either, meaning that the insurer has benefit acknowledged by the law to the insurance sign. In the liability insurances of environmental tort, the insured enjoys the insurance interest to the insurance sign, conforming to the principle of insurance interest.
Part three analyzes the necessity of constructing the system of liability insurances of environmental tort. A new legal system in China needs not only have some of the theoretical foundation, but also needs to have certain realistic foundation. First, it introduces the status quo of he system of liability insurances of environmental tort, from the insurance practice, as well as relevant legislation both in our country. The status quo provides reference reality basis to formulate the system of liability insurances of environmental tort, which suits to China's national conditions. Then this thesis elaborates the significance if we construct the system of liability insurances of environmental tort. It contains four parts either. Firstly, for the purpose of reducing the pressure on the environment, we should increase the participation of the main to control environmental pollution. Secondly, promote eco-economic development, and maintain social order and stability. Thirdly, sewage enterprises avoid risks, and transfer the loss. Fourthly, protect the public's environmental rights and interests, as well as safeguard the dignity of the law. It proves that we need to construct the system of liability insurances of environmental tort in our country in view of these positive significances.
Part four describes the speculation of the system of liability insurances of environmental tort from macro considerations and specific contents. The paper says that after more than 50 years of development, foreign environmental protection act has already formed a complete legal system about the protection of natural resources and environmental pollution control. In addition, the system of liability insurances of environmental tort becomes more and more maturely. Therefore, this part has a study on legislative model about the system of liability insurances of environmental tort abroad. Then it points out that China's legislative mode should suit its national conditions and on the basis of critically absorption abroad. After that, the paper elaborates the specific contents about the system of liability insurances of environmental tort mainly from eight parts. First, the victims have direct request to the insurer. Second, establish the insurance agencies scientifically. Third, adhere to set insurance liability limits strictly and the loss of all the victims with claims. Fourth, determine insurance rates scientifically. Fifth, define the role of insurance strictly and make the exclusions clearly. Sixth, define claim limitation of the system of liability insurances of environmental tort. Seventh, integrate the establishment of a public fund of the insurance and re-insurance system. Eighth, define coverage reasonably.
With the rapid development of industrialization, urbanization and economy, the global environmental problems become more and more serious. The accident contaminating brings extremely large loss for suffers’person and property. According to the principle of the person who contaminates is responsible, contaminate person should undertake compensative responsibility. But pollution can not be avoided in modern production, even enterprise produces in the light of environmental protection standard, it may also bring about damage to others. The environment infringers always face bankruptcy because of the huge environmental indemnity. This not only doesn’t conductive to the maintenance of socio-economic sustained development, but also the reality of enterprises unable to full compensate makes the victim’s legitimate rights and interests can not get timely and effective protection. This requires us to establish a system, which can make enterprise spread risks, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens. The system of liability insurances of environmental tort is one of the effectual methods which by scatter about the risk to the community to solve the compensations about environmental impairment. It makes the environmental indemnity duty of the business enterprise share with society, and has advantages of accelerating economic development and maintaining social stability, etc. We should create the system of liability insurances of environmental tort which is in line with state systems of our country. It will play an important role in perfecting China’s system of compensation for damage of environmental tort, promoting economic development and in safeguarding the environmental right of citizens. This text is divided into four parts to have a relatively comprehensive analysis and research on the system of liability insurances of environmental tort for its basic problems.
Part one describes the summary of the system of liability insurances of environmental tort. In this section, it discusses the history of the system of liability insurances of environmental tort, and analyzes its contents and characteristics, then defines its nature. Firstly, it points out that the liability insurances of environmental tort, which is one kind of liability insurance, emerging after liability insurance. With the rapid develop of economic, environmental issues become more and more serious, and then the liability insurances of environmental tort appeared. So far, there is not real sense of the system of liability insurance of environmental tort established in our country, though the environmental issues are very serious. Then it has summarized the definition of the liability insurances of environmental tort on the basis of having an analysis of the concept of the liability insurance. The liability insurances of environmental tort is a kind of absolute liability insurance, which regards the cost, caused by the insured person who should bear civil liability and environmental governance responsibilities because of caused damage to a third party for violating the environmental law, as the subject matter of insurance, and for the purpose of promoting the development of economic, as well as relieving the victims timely. Then this thesis discusses the characteristics of liability insurances of environmental tort briefly. It is considered as nonprofit and more mandatory. In addition, the government needs to provide some support because of its greater operational risks. Finally, the paper defines the nature of liability insurances of environmental tort. First and foremost, it should be consider as a kind of property insurance. Specifically, the liability insurances of environmental tort which was caused by sudden environmental violations should be treated as a commercial insurance, and the liability insurances of environmental tort which was caused by the cumulative environmental violations should be viewed as an insurance policy.
Part two describes the theoretical basis from three aspects emphatically, such as the principle of tort liability, the principle of social responsibility, the principle of the insurance interests, to construct the system of liability insurances of environmental tort. The development of modern socio-economic and technological promotes the development of the principles of tort liability, leading to the establishment of the principle of no-fault liability. Then in the field of environmental tort replaces the principle of the responsibility. The principle of no-fault liability applies more and more scopes prompts the development of liability insurances of environmental tort. The traditional tort law, stressed that undertakes the responsibility personally by the right infringement, but it is difficulty to realize society's fair justice if we pay great attention to the personal liability, because of the characteristic of environmental tort. Therefore, it needs to realize the environmental damage socialization, and the system of liability insurances of environmental tort is one of the effective ways to achieve this goal. As one system of insurance, the system of liability insurances of environmental tort must conform to the basic principle of law of insurance, in which most important is the principle of insurance interest. The insurance interest, which is called guarantee benefit either, meaning that the insurer has benefit acknowledged by the law to the insurance sign. In the liability insurances of environmental tort, the insured enjoys the insurance interest to the insurance sign, conforming to the principle of insurance interest.
Part three analyzes the necessity of constructing the system of liability insurances of environmental tort. A new legal system in China needs not only have some of the theoretical foundation, but also needs to have certain realistic foundation. First, it introduces the status quo of he system of liability insurances of environmental tort, from the insurance practice, as well as relevant legislation both in our country. The status quo provides reference reality basis to formulate the system of liability insurances of environmental tort, which suits to China's national conditions. Then this thesis elaborates the significance if we construct the system of liability insurances of environmental tort. It contains four parts either. Firstly, for the purpose of reducing the pressure on the environment, we should increase the participation of the main to control environmental pollution. Secondly, promote eco-economic development, and maintain social order and stability. Thirdly, sewage enterprises avoid risks, and transfer the loss. Fourthly, protect the public's environmental rights and interests, as well as safeguard the dignity of the law. It proves that we need to construct the system of liability insurances of environmental tort in our country in view of these positive significances.
Part four describes the speculation of the system of liability insurances of environmental tort from macro considerations and specific contents. The paper says that after more than 50 years of development, foreign environmental protection act has already formed a complete legal system about the protection of natural resources and environmental pollution control. In addition, the system of liability insurances of environmental tort becomes more and more maturely. Therefore, this part has a study on legislative model about the system of liability insurances of environmental tort abroad. Then it points out that China's legislative mode should suit its national conditions and on the basis of critically absorption abroad. After that, the paper elaborates the specific contents about the system of liability insurances of environmental tort mainly from eight parts. First, the victims have direct request to the insurer. Second, establish the insurance agencies scientifically. Third, adhere to set insurance liability limits strictly and the loss of all the victims with claims. Fourth, determine insurance rates scientifically. Fifth, define the role of insurance strictly and make the exclusions clearly. Sixth, define claim limitation of the system of liability insurances of environmental tort. Seventh, integrate the establishment of a public fund of the insurance and re-insurance system. Eighth, define coverage reasonably.
引文
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1.安树民:《环境保险在中国的可行性探讨》,《重庆环境科学》2000 年第 6 期。
2.陈德敏、贾秀春:《我国环境责任保险制度的构建研究》,《重庆工学院学报》2006 年第 3 期。
3.周珂、刘红林:《论我国环境侵权责任保险制度的构建》,《中国政法大学学报》2003 年第 5 期。
4.金瑞林:《环境侵权与民事救济-兼论环境立法中存在的问题》,《中国环境科学》1997 年第 3 期。
5.宋宗宇、颜可:《论环境侵权损害赔偿责任的社会化》,《重庆工学院学报》2005 年第 1 期。
6.阳露昭、田其云:《论环境侵权责任社会化救济的理论依据及其实现途径》,《学术交流》2006 年第 8 期。
7.兰虹:《保险利益原则在保险合同适用中的差异性》,《保险研究》2002年第 10 期。
8.郑俊涛:《我国环境责任保险制度的研究》,《黑河学刊》2005 年第 2期。
9.王干、鄢斌:《论环境责任保险》,《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2001 年第 3 期。
10.陈会平:《试论在我国建立环境责任保险制度》,《重庆工商大学学报(社会科学版)》2004 年第 6 期。
11.周珂、杨子蛟:《论环境侵权损害填补综合协调机制》,《法学评论》2003 年第 6 期。
12.王明远:《德国〈环境责任法〉的基本内容和特色介评》,《重庆环境科学》2000 年第 4 期。
13.邹雄:《对环境侵权责任保险制度若干问题的思考》,《广州大学学报(社会科学版)》2006 年第 3 期。
14.贾爱玲:《环境责任保险的运作机制》,《四川环境》2003 年第 2 期。
15.李华:《论我国“二元化”环境责任保险制度的构建》,《中国人口·资源与环境》2006 年第 2 期。
16.阳露昭、刘艳:《美国环境责任保险制度审视及启示》,《法学杂志》2005 年第 6 期。
17.陈凌、何燕:《环境责任保险研究》,《内蒙古环境保护》2002 年第 3期。
18.余敏:《建立环境责任保险制度的价值分析》,《经济与管理研究》2005年第 5 期。
19.周伏平:《巨灾风险证券化研究——金融、保险一体化的典范》,《财经研究》2002 年第 2 期。
20.程宗璋:《侵权法的危机初探》,《中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版)》1999 年第 1 期。
21.安树民、曹静:《试论环境污染责任保险》,《中国环境管理》2000年第 3 期。
22.钟凡:《保险利益原则探析》,《中国保险》2002 年第 3 期。
23.王振杰:《环境保险借鉴社会保险费用负担方式初探——对环境责任保险制度的思考》,《中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版)》2005 年第 4期。
24.蒲莉:《我国环境损害责任保险制度的若干问题研究》,《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2005 年第 3 期。
25.李松:《环境损害责任保险介绍》,《保险研究》2004 年第 6 期。
1.王卫国:《保险法》,中国财政经济出版社 2003 年第 1 版。
2.王明远:《环境侵权救济法律制度》,中国法制出版社 2001 年第 1 版。
3.李秀芬:《保险法新论》,中国人民公安大学出版社 2004 年第 1 版。
4.陈泉生:《环境法原理》,法律出版社 1997 年第 1 版。
5.王泽鉴:《民法学说与判例研究》,中国政法大学出版社 1998 年第 1版。
6.刘金章:《保险学教程》,中国金融出版社 2003 年第 1 版。
7.邹海林:《保险法教程》,首都经济贸易大学出版社 2002 年第 1 版。
8.林宝清:《保险法原理与案例》,清华大学出版社 2006 年第 1 版。
9.覃有土主编:《保险法教程》,法律出版社 1995 年第 1 版。
10.陈慈阳:《环境法总论》,中国政法大学出版社 2003 年第 1 版。
11.魏振瀛主编:《民法》,北京大学出版社、高等教育出版社 2000 年第1 版。
12.宋宗宇:《环境侵权民事责任研究》,重庆大学出版社 2005 年第 1 版。
13.汪劲:《环境法律的理念与价值追求》,法律出版社 2000 年第 1 版。
14.曹明德:《环境侵权法》,法律出版社 2000 年第 1 版。
15.樊启荣:《责任保险与索赔理赔》,人民法院出版社 2002 年第 1 版。
16.王利明:《侵权行为法归责原则研究》,中国政法大学出版社 1992 年第 1 版。
17.王利明主编:《民法典·侵权责任法研究》,人民法院出版社 2003 年 第 1 版。
18.杨立新主编:《侵权法热点问题法律应用》,人民法院出版社 2000 年第 1 版。
19.李玉泉:《保险法》,法律出版社 1997 年第 1 版。
20.蔡守秋:《环境资源法学教程》,武汉大学出版社 2000 年第 1 版。
21.吕忠梅:《环境法新视野》,中国政法大学出版社 2000 年第 1 版。
22.金瑞林:《环境法学》,北京大学出版社 2002 年第 1 版。
23.徐祥民等:《环境权:环境法学的基础研究》,北京大学出版社 2004年第 1 版。
24.[英]科林·史密斯:《责任保险》,陈彩芬译,中国金融出版社 1991年第 1 版。
25.[英]约翰·T·斯蒂尔:《保险得原则与实务》,孟兴国等译,中国金融出版社 1992 年第 1 版。
26.张文显主编:《法理学》,高等教育出版社 2003 年第 2 版。
27.孙国华主编:《法理学》,法律出版社 1995 年第 1 版。
28.David Oughton and Martin Davis,Sourcebook on Contract Law, Cavendish Publishing Limited, 1996.
1.曹明德:《环境侵权法的研究》,中国社会科学院 1998 年博士学位论文。
2.马丽娟:《环境责任保险制度研究》,清华大学 2004 年硕士学位论文。
3.左晓宇:《环境责任保险制度研究》,中国政法大学 2004 年硕士学位论文。
[2] 参见安树民:《环境保险在中国的可行性探讨》,《重庆环境科学》2000年第 6 期,第 4 页。
[3] 王明远:《环境侵权救济法律制度》,中国法制出版社 2001 年第 1 版,第 146 页。
[4] 陈德敏、贾秀春:《我国环境责任保险制度的构建研究》,《重庆工学院学报》2006 年第 3 期,第 61 页。
[5] 邹海林:《责任保险论》,法律出版社 1999 第 1 版,第 100 页。
[6] 参见李秀芬:《保险法新论》,中国人民公安大学出版社 2004 年第 1版,第 43 页。
[7] 周珂、刘红林:《论我国环境侵权责任保险制度的构建》,《中国政法大学学报》2003 年第 5 期,第 14 页。
[8] 王明远:《环境侵权救济法律制度》,中国法制出版社 2001 年第 1 版,第 13 页。
[9] 参见曹明德:《环境侵权法的研究》,中国社会科学院 1998 年博士学位论文,第 19-21 页。
[10] 参见金瑞林:《环境侵权与民事救济-兼论环境立法中存在的问题》,《中国环境科学》1997 年第 3 期,第 193 页。
[11] 参见陈泉生:《环境法原理》,法律出版社 1997 年第 1 版,第 87-90页。
[12] 金瑞林:《环境侵权与民事救济-兼论环境立法中存在的问题》,《中国环境科学》1997 年第 3 期,第 194 页。
[13] 宋宗宇、颜可:《论环境侵权损害赔偿责任的社会化》,《重庆工学院学报》2005 年第 1 期,第 92 页。
[14] 参见王泽鉴:《侵权行为法之危机及其发展》,王泽鉴《民法学说与判例研究》(第二册),中国政法大学出版社 1998 年第 1 版,第 144页。
[15] 参见阳露昭、田其云:《论环境侵权责任社会化救济的理论依据及其实现途径》,《学术交流》2006 年第 8 期,第 40 页。
[16] 金瑞林:《环境侵权与民事救济-兼论环境立法中存在的问题》,《中国环境科学》1997 年第 3 期,第 197 页。
[17] 刘金章:《保险学教程》,中国金融出版社 2003 年第 1 版,第 112页。
[18] 邹海林:《保险法教程》,首都经济贸易大学出版社 2002 年第 1 版,第 59 页。
[19] 参见邹海林:《责任保险论》,法律出版社 1999 第 1 版,第 130 页。
[20] 林宝清:《保险法原理与案例》,清华大学出版社 2006 年第 1 版,第 34 页。
[21] 转引自林宝清:《保险法原理与案例》,清华大学出版社 2006 年第1 版,第 27 页。
[22] 覃有土主编:《保险法教程》,法律出版社 1995 年第 1 版,第 75-76页。
[23] 参见兰虹:《保险利益原则在保险合同适用中的差异性》,《保险研究》2002 年第 10 期,第 46-49 页。
[24] 参见林宝清:《保险法原理与案例》,清华大学出版社 2006 年第 1版,第 23-24 页。
[25] 王明远,《环境侵权救济法律制度》,中国法制出版社 2001 年第 1版,第 147 页。
[26] 郑俊涛:《我国环境责任保险制度的研究》,《黑河学刊》2005 年第2 期,第 122 页。
[27] 王干、鄢斌:《论环境责任保险》,《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2001 年第 3 期,第 35 页。
[28] 陈会平:《试论在我国建立环境责任保险制度》,《重庆工商大学学报(社会科学版)》2004 年第 6 期,第 112 页。
[29] 王明远:《环境侵权救济法律制度》,中国法制出版社 2001 年版第1 版,第 149 页。
[30] 周珂、杨子蛟:《论环境侵权损害填补综合协调机制》,《法学评论》2003 年第 6 期,第 117 页。
[31] 参见王明远:《德国〈环境责任法〉的基本内容和特色介评》,《重庆环境科学》2000 年第 4 期,第 6 页。
[32] 参见邹雄:《对环境侵权责任保险制度若干问题的思考》,《广州大学学报(社会科学版)》2006 年第 3 期,第 54 页。
[33] 周柯、刘红林:《论我国环境侵权责任保险制度的构建》,《政法论坛》2003 年第 5 期,第 14 页。
[34] 王明远:《环境侵权救济法律制度》,中国法制出版社 2001 年第 1版,第 151 页。
[35] 周珂、刘红林:《论我国环境侵权责任保险制度的构建》,《政法论坛》2003 年第 5 期,第 14 页。
[36] 参见陈慈阳:《环境法总论》,中国政法大学出版社 2003 年第 1 版,第 417 页。
[37] 贾爱玲:《环境责任保险的运作机制》,《四川环境》2003 年第 2 期,第 62 页。
[38] 魏振瀛主编:《民法》,北京大学出版社、高等教育出版社 2000 年第 1 版,第 722 页。
[39] 参见周珂、刘红林:《论我国环境侵权责任保险制度的构建》,《政法论坛》2003 年第 5 期,第 15 页。
[40] 陈德敏、贾秀春:《我国环境责任保险制度的构建研究》,《重庆工学院学报》2006 年第 3 期,第 63 页。
[41] 宋宗宇:《环境侵权民事责任研究》,重庆大学出版社 2005 年第 1版,第 237 页。
[42] 参见周珂、刘红林:《论我国环境侵权责任保险制度的构建》,《政法论坛》2003 年第 5 期,第 15 页。
[43] 邹雄:《对环境侵权责任保险制度若干问题的思考》,《广州大学学报(社会科学版)》2006 年第 3 期,第 52 页。
[44] 参见李华:《论我国“二元化”环境责任保险制度的构建》,《中国人口·资源与环境》2006 年第 2 期,第 112 页。
[45] 转引自邹海林:《责任保险论》,法律出版社 1999 年第 1 版,第 204页。
[46] 参见邹海林:《责任保险论》,法律出版社 1999 年第 1 版,第 205-206页。
[47] 参见邹海林:《责任保险论》,法律出版社 1999 年第 1 版,第 204页。
[48] 邹海林:《责任保险论》,法律出版社 1999 年第 1 版,第 212 页。
[49] 参见汪劲:《环境法律的理念与价值追求》,法律出版社 2000 年第1 版,第 108 页。
[50] 阳露昭、刘艳:《美国环境责任保险制度审视及启示》,《法学杂志》2005 年第 6 期,第 111 页。
[51] 邹海林:《责任保险论》,法律出版社 1999 年第 1 版,第 79 页。
[52] David Oughton and Martin Davis,Sourcebook on Contract Law, Cavendish Publishing Limited, 1996, p.577.
[53] 参见邹雄:《对环境侵权责任保险制度若干问题的思考》,《广州大学学报(社会科学版)》2006 年第 3 期,第 54 页。
[54] 参见陈凌、何燕:《环境责任保险研究》,《内蒙古环境保护》2002年第 3 期,第 24 页。
1.安树民:《环境保险在中国的可行性探讨》,《重庆环境科学》2000 年第 6 期。
2.陈德敏、贾秀春:《我国环境责任保险制度的构建研究》,《重庆工学院学报》2006 年第 3 期。
3.周珂、刘红林:《论我国环境侵权责任保险制度的构建》,《中国政法大学学报》2003 年第 5 期。
4.金瑞林:《环境侵权与民事救济-兼论环境立法中存在的问题》,《中国环境科学》1997 年第 3 期。
5.宋宗宇、颜可:《论环境侵权损害赔偿责任的社会化》,《重庆工学院学报》2005 年第 1 期。
6.阳露昭、田其云:《论环境侵权责任社会化救济的理论依据及其实现途径》,《学术交流》2006 年第 8 期。
7.兰虹:《保险利益原则在保险合同适用中的差异性》,《保险研究》2002年第 10 期。
8.郑俊涛:《我国环境责任保险制度的研究》,《黑河学刊》2005 年第 2期。
9.王干、鄢斌:《论环境责任保险》,《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2001 年第 3 期。
10.陈会平:《试论在我国建立环境责任保险制度》,《重庆工商大学学报(社会科学版)》2004 年第 6 期。
11.周珂、杨子蛟:《论环境侵权损害填补综合协调机制》,《法学评论》2003 年第 6 期。
12.王明远:《德国〈环境责任法〉的基本内容和特色介评》,《重庆环境科学》2000 年第 4 期。
13.邹雄:《对环境侵权责任保险制度若干问题的思考》,《广州大学学报(社会科学版)》2006 年第 3 期。
14.贾爱玲:《环境责任保险的运作机制》,《四川环境》2003 年第 2 期。
15.李华:《论我国“二元化”环境责任保险制度的构建》,《中国人口·资源与环境》2006 年第 2 期。
16.阳露昭、刘艳:《美国环境责任保险制度审视及启示》,《法学杂志》2005 年第 6 期。
17.陈凌、何燕:《环境责任保险研究》,《内蒙古环境保护》2002 年第 3期。
18.余敏:《建立环境责任保险制度的价值分析》,《经济与管理研究》2005年第 5 期。
19.周伏平:《巨灾风险证券化研究——金融、保险一体化的典范》,《财经研究》2002 年第 2 期。
20.程宗璋:《侵权法的危机初探》,《中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版)》1999 年第 1 期。
21.安树民、曹静:《试论环境污染责任保险》,《中国环境管理》2000年第 3 期。
22.钟凡:《保险利益原则探析》,《中国保险》2002 年第 3 期。
23.王振杰:《环境保险借鉴社会保险费用负担方式初探——对环境责任保险制度的思考》,《中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版)》2005 年第 4期。
24.蒲莉:《我国环境损害责任保险制度的若干问题研究》,《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2005 年第 3 期。
25.李松:《环境损害责任保险介绍》,《保险研究》2004 年第 6 期。
1.王卫国:《保险法》,中国财政经济出版社 2003 年第 1 版。
2.王明远:《环境侵权救济法律制度》,中国法制出版社 2001 年第 1 版。
3.李秀芬:《保险法新论》,中国人民公安大学出版社 2004 年第 1 版。
4.陈泉生:《环境法原理》,法律出版社 1997 年第 1 版。
5.王泽鉴:《民法学说与判例研究》,中国政法大学出版社 1998 年第 1版。
6.刘金章:《保险学教程》,中国金融出版社 2003 年第 1 版。
7.邹海林:《保险法教程》,首都经济贸易大学出版社 2002 年第 1 版。
8.林宝清:《保险法原理与案例》,清华大学出版社 2006 年第 1 版。
9.覃有土主编:《保险法教程》,法律出版社 1995 年第 1 版。
10.陈慈阳:《环境法总论》,中国政法大学出版社 2003 年第 1 版。
11.魏振瀛主编:《民法》,北京大学出版社、高等教育出版社 2000 年第1 版。
12.宋宗宇:《环境侵权民事责任研究》,重庆大学出版社 2005 年第 1 版。
13.汪劲:《环境法律的理念与价值追求》,法律出版社 2000 年第 1 版。
14.曹明德:《环境侵权法》,法律出版社 2000 年第 1 版。
15.樊启荣:《责任保险与索赔理赔》,人民法院出版社 2002 年第 1 版。
16.王利明:《侵权行为法归责原则研究》,中国政法大学出版社 1992 年第 1 版。
17.王利明主编:《民法典·侵权责任法研究》,人民法院出版社 2003 年 第 1 版。
18.杨立新主编:《侵权法热点问题法律应用》,人民法院出版社 2000 年第 1 版。
19.李玉泉:《保险法》,法律出版社 1997 年第 1 版。
20.蔡守秋:《环境资源法学教程》,武汉大学出版社 2000 年第 1 版。
21.吕忠梅:《环境法新视野》,中国政法大学出版社 2000 年第 1 版。
22.金瑞林:《环境法学》,北京大学出版社 2002 年第 1 版。
23.徐祥民等:《环境权:环境法学的基础研究》,北京大学出版社 2004年第 1 版。
24.[英]科林·史密斯:《责任保险》,陈彩芬译,中国金融出版社 1991年第 1 版。
25.[英]约翰·T·斯蒂尔:《保险得原则与实务》,孟兴国等译,中国金融出版社 1992 年第 1 版。
26.张文显主编:《法理学》,高等教育出版社 2003 年第 2 版。
27.孙国华主编:《法理学》,法律出版社 1995 年第 1 版。
28.David Oughton and Martin Davis,Sourcebook on Contract Law, Cavendish Publishing Limited, 1996.
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