嵌入式Web服务中的SOAP处理器的研究与应用
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摘要
自Internet出现以后,很少有其他技术能够像Web服务这样快速地为大众所接纳。Web服务这项技术的出现引起了业界的极大兴趣,现如今,它已被人们视为分布式计算技术的一次巨大飞跃。Web服务现在被推崇为:是解决异构应用实现互操作方面非常成功的方案,它的成功在于:解决了不同硬件平台、不同操作系统和不同编程语言的数据交换问题。Web的应用已经成为主流,特别是结合Web应用和分布式结构的应用系统早已悄悄地出现在你我的日常生活中。随着网络技术发展和市场需求的变化,让嵌入式设备接入Internet并与传统应用进行功能整合逐渐成为可能与必需。在嵌入式设备中实现Web服务可以轻松实现嵌入式设备的远程管理以及远程获取该设备的功能及服务。
Web服务的主要目标是跨平台的可互操作性,它的目标的实现得益于SOAP协议。因此在嵌入式设备中实现Web服务要求这些设备必须应该具有能够对SOAP数据进行处理的能力。本文的研究内容就是实现嵌入式Web服务中的SOAP处理器。
在本论文的主体部分,首先对Web服务技术的优势进行分析,阐明在嵌入式设备上实现Web服务的可行性。随后从应用体系结构角度分析了设备提供使用Web服务的架构;重点介绍了Web服务关键技术中实现消息通讯的SOAP技术,对SOAP协议进行了深入剖析,包括SOAP消息的处理框架、处理模型、协议绑定等。通过对当前SOAP实现方案具有的程序接口复杂、占用大量硬件资源等特点进行分析,设计并实现了适合嵌入式设备的轻量型SOAP处理器。具体的实现是通过调用嵌入式XML解析器,结合SOAP消息的处理过程来完成SOAP消息的解析、应用程序的调用和参数解析。另外,对SOAP消息中的二进制数如何进行传输的问题进行了深入地研究,设计并实现了嵌入式SOAP处理器的硬件加速模块。
最后,基于Altera NiosⅡ软核处理器的SOPC硬件平台和MicroC/OS-Ⅱ软件平台,进一步设计实现了面向远程实验系统的嵌入式SOAP处理器的应用系统,并给出了测试结果。在应用系统中,针对SOAP数据的存储问题,成功移植了基于CF卡的一个简单的嵌入式文件系统。
Web服务技术是不断发展的,将其应用在资源有限的嵌入式设备上,需要进一步的研究和探索。因此,本论文最后部分对在设计和应用嵌入式Web服务中的SOAP处理器可能出现的一些需求进行了讨论和展望。
Few other technologies except web services have been quickly accepted by public, since the internet appeared. Great interest from the industry has been aroused since the web services emergenced. Now, it has been regarded as a distributed computing technology huge leap. Web services are now being respected as the successful precept in the settlement of heterogeneous applications interoperate, and its success lies in solving the different hardware platforms, different operation systems and the different programming language to exchange data. Web applications is more and more popular, especially with Web applications and the application system of distributed structure have been appeared in the daily lives of you and me. With the development of network technology and the changes of the market demands, it becomes possible and necessary that the embedded devices connects into the internet with the traditional application of functional integration. Implementation of embedded web services that easily implement remote management and remotly obtain the function and service of that equipments.
The purpose of web services is cross-platform interoperability, which is benefited from SOAP protocol .Therefore, to implement embedded web services, embedded devices must have the abillity to process SOAP data. This paper mainly studys the SOAP protocol and realizes the SOAP processor for the embedded devices.
In the main part of this paper explains firstly the advantages of web services technology, and merits to show the feasibility of introducing web services architecture into embedded devices. Then, different models of supplying or invoking web services on embedded devices are demonstrated from the point of view of application architecture. The paper focus on introduce the SOAP which realizes the message communication in the key technique of web services,and analyzed SOAP deeply, include SOAP message process framework,expansibility,process model,protocol binding etc. After analyzing the implementation scheme of SOAP emphatically has complex interface and uses much hardware resourses, this paper designs and realizes a light SOAP Processor which is aiming for embedded system. During the implement, by calling the embedded XML parser, and combinating the SOAP message process framework, complete the analysis of SOAP message, the application call and the analysis of parameters. In addition, this paper discusses the problem that transfer binary in the SOAP message, design and implement a hardware accelerator of embedded SOAP processor.
Finally, based on SOPC hardware platform of Altera Nios II soft nuclear processor and MicrocC/OSS-II software platform, this paper designs and realizes an apllcation system of embedded SOAP Processor oriented to the system of distance laboratory, and presents the test result. In the application of system, this paper also designs and realizes an a simple embedded file system bases on the compact flash.
The technique of web services develops continuously,and use it on the embedded devices which only possesses limitary resource,need further research and investigate. Therefore, at the end of this paper, discusses and prospects the needs which may be appears in the process of the designing and implementing of the SOAP Processor.
Web服务的主要目标是跨平台的可互操作性,它的目标的实现得益于SOAP协议。因此在嵌入式设备中实现Web服务要求这些设备必须应该具有能够对SOAP数据进行处理的能力。本文的研究内容就是实现嵌入式Web服务中的SOAP处理器。
在本论文的主体部分,首先对Web服务技术的优势进行分析,阐明在嵌入式设备上实现Web服务的可行性。随后从应用体系结构角度分析了设备提供使用Web服务的架构;重点介绍了Web服务关键技术中实现消息通讯的SOAP技术,对SOAP协议进行了深入剖析,包括SOAP消息的处理框架、处理模型、协议绑定等。通过对当前SOAP实现方案具有的程序接口复杂、占用大量硬件资源等特点进行分析,设计并实现了适合嵌入式设备的轻量型SOAP处理器。具体的实现是通过调用嵌入式XML解析器,结合SOAP消息的处理过程来完成SOAP消息的解析、应用程序的调用和参数解析。另外,对SOAP消息中的二进制数如何进行传输的问题进行了深入地研究,设计并实现了嵌入式SOAP处理器的硬件加速模块。
最后,基于Altera NiosⅡ软核处理器的SOPC硬件平台和MicroC/OS-Ⅱ软件平台,进一步设计实现了面向远程实验系统的嵌入式SOAP处理器的应用系统,并给出了测试结果。在应用系统中,针对SOAP数据的存储问题,成功移植了基于CF卡的一个简单的嵌入式文件系统。
Web服务技术是不断发展的,将其应用在资源有限的嵌入式设备上,需要进一步的研究和探索。因此,本论文最后部分对在设计和应用嵌入式Web服务中的SOAP处理器可能出现的一些需求进行了讨论和展望。
Few other technologies except web services have been quickly accepted by public, since the internet appeared. Great interest from the industry has been aroused since the web services emergenced. Now, it has been regarded as a distributed computing technology huge leap. Web services are now being respected as the successful precept in the settlement of heterogeneous applications interoperate, and its success lies in solving the different hardware platforms, different operation systems and the different programming language to exchange data. Web applications is more and more popular, especially with Web applications and the application system of distributed structure have been appeared in the daily lives of you and me. With the development of network technology and the changes of the market demands, it becomes possible and necessary that the embedded devices connects into the internet with the traditional application of functional integration. Implementation of embedded web services that easily implement remote management and remotly obtain the function and service of that equipments.
The purpose of web services is cross-platform interoperability, which is benefited from SOAP protocol .Therefore, to implement embedded web services, embedded devices must have the abillity to process SOAP data. This paper mainly studys the SOAP protocol and realizes the SOAP processor for the embedded devices.
In the main part of this paper explains firstly the advantages of web services technology, and merits to show the feasibility of introducing web services architecture into embedded devices. Then, different models of supplying or invoking web services on embedded devices are demonstrated from the point of view of application architecture. The paper focus on introduce the SOAP which realizes the message communication in the key technique of web services,and analyzed SOAP deeply, include SOAP message process framework,expansibility,process model,protocol binding etc. After analyzing the implementation scheme of SOAP emphatically has complex interface and uses much hardware resourses, this paper designs and realizes a light SOAP Processor which is aiming for embedded system. During the implement, by calling the embedded XML parser, and combinating the SOAP message process framework, complete the analysis of SOAP message, the application call and the analysis of parameters. In addition, this paper discusses the problem that transfer binary in the SOAP message, design and implement a hardware accelerator of embedded SOAP processor.
Finally, based on SOPC hardware platform of Altera Nios II soft nuclear processor and MicrocC/OSS-II software platform, this paper designs and realizes an apllcation system of embedded SOAP Processor oriented to the system of distance laboratory, and presents the test result. In the application of system, this paper also designs and realizes an a simple embedded file system bases on the compact flash.
The technique of web services develops continuously,and use it on the embedded devices which only possesses limitary resource,need further research and investigate. Therefore, at the end of this paper, discusses and prospects the needs which may be appears in the process of the designing and implementing of the SOAP Processor.
引文
[1]王田苗.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发[M].清华大学出版社,2002.
[2]Schall D,Dustdar M A A S.Web Services on Embedded Devices[C].In:WEB INFOR.SYST.VOL.1,NO.1,2005.
[3]段智华.浅谈SOAP[EB/OL].http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/xml/x-sisoap/
[4]金江军.Web服务及其应用类型[EB/OL].
[5]设计移动Web服务[Z].http://www.javanb.com/spring/1/20061.html
[6]风河推出嵌入式系统应用Web服务的自动化平台[Z].http://www.21ic.com/news/thtml/8/show4858.htm
[7]卢春妙.嵌入式WEB技术在控制系统中的应用研究[Z].http://www.gd-emb.org/detail/id-36288.html
[8](美)kapilApshankar,DietrichAyala等著.开发源代码的Web服务高级编程[M].清华大学出版社,2003.
[9]吕京建,肖海桥.面向二十一世纪的嵌入式系统综述[EB/OL].http://www.21control.com/RTOS/Linux/200512/RTOS_20051213231853.html
[10]Machado G B,Mittmann R.Embedded Systems Integration Using Web Services[C].In:Proceedings of the International Conference on Networking,2006.
[11](美)frankPcoyle著袁勤勇,莫青等译.XML、Web服务和数据革命[M].清华大学出版社,2003.
[12]李维.SOAP/Web Service开发[M].华中科技大学出版社,2002.
[13]唐凯.Web服务管理框架的设计与实现[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[14]柴晓路,梁宇奇.Web Services架构、技术和应用[M].电子工业出版社,2003.
[15]Ebert C.SOAP and Web Services[C].In:IEEE SOFTWARE Published by the IEEE Computer Society,2006.
[16]张中.基于XML/SOAP协议的Web服务研究及其应用[D].哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[17](美)FabioArciniegas著,天宏工作室.XML开发指南[M].清华大学出版社,2003.
[18]W3c.Extensible Markup Language(XML)1.0[Z].1998.http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210
[19]W3c.Extensible Markup Language(XML)1.1[Z].2004.http://www.w3.org/TR/2OO4/REC-xml11-20040204/
[20]W3c.Web Services Description Language(WSDL)Version 2.0 Part 0:Primer.[Z].2004.http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/WD-wsdl20-primer-20041221
[21]W3c.Web Services Description Language(WSDL)Version 2.0 Part 1:Core Language.[Z].2004.http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/WD-wsdl20-20040803
[22]W3c.Web Services Description Language(WSDL)Version 2.0 Part 2:Predefined[Z].2004.http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/WD-wsdl20-extensions-20040803
[23]W3c.Web Services Description Language(WSDL)Version 2.0 Part 3:Bindings.[Z].2004.http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/WD-wsdl20-bindings-20040803
[24]Oasis.UDDI Specification[Z].2005.http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/uddi-spec/
[25]W3c.SOAP Version 1.2 Part 2:Adjuncts[Z].2003. http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-soap12-part2-20030624/
[26]W3c.SOAP Version 1.2 Part 0:Primer.[Z].2003.http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-soap12-part0-20030624/
[27]W3c.SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1:Messaging Framework[Z].2003.http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-soap12-part1-20030624/
[28]Dissanaike S,Wijkman P W A M.Utilizing XML-RPC or SOAP on an EmbeddedSystem[C].In:Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops 2004 IEEE.,2004.
[29]朱敏,丁秋林.基于SOAP的Web服务程序设计[J].计算机应用.2003.
[30]李东,周晓宇,徐宝文.SOAP及其对Web服务的影响[J].计算机工程与应用.2002.
[31]Altera Corporation.Nios Development Board Reference Manual,Stratix Professional Edition[EB/OL].http://www.altera.com
[32]Altera Corporation.A C.Developing Peripherals for SOPC Builder(Application Note 333)[EB/OL].http://www.altera.com.
[33]JanJane cek.Efficient SOAP processing in embedded systems[C].In:Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer-Based Systems,2004.
[34]贺学林.SOAP消息处理器的设计与实现[J].微型机与应用.2004.
[35]刘芳.嵌入式Web服务中的XML解析技术研究与实现[D].江苏大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[36]刘芳,肖铁军.XML应用的基石:XML解析技术[J].计算机工程与设计.2005.
[37]Slominski A.XML Pull Parser[Z].http://www.extreme.indiana.edu/xgws/
[38]W3c.Hypertext Transfer Protocol—HTTP/1.1.RFC 2616[Z].1999.
[39]]Corporation A.Altera Corporation.Nios Ⅱ Software Developer's.Handbook[S].http://www.altera.com
[40](美)jeanJlabrosse著,邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS—Ⅱ,第2版[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[41]奇妙的Base64编码[EB/OL].http://www.luocong.com/articles/show_article.asp?Article_ID=17
[42]NIOS Ⅱ Step By Step(1)—NIOS Ⅱ自定义指令[EB/OL].http://daisy.lingd.net/show.php?id=118139
[43]周博,邱卫东,陈燕等.SOC-基于NIOS的SOPC设计与实践[M].清华大学出版社,2004.
[44]夏宇闻.Verilog数字系统设计教程[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[45]李兰英.NiosⅡ嵌入式软核SOPC设计原理及应用[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[46]Koulom-as G,Kontakos K,Stavrakas I,et al.Embedded Compact Flash[C].In:IEEE CIRCUITS & DEVICES MAGAZINE,2005.
[47]院泽嘉,董金明.FAT16文件系统在嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ中实现[J].电子测量技术.2005.
[2]Schall D,Dustdar M A A S.Web Services on Embedded Devices[C].In:WEB INFOR.SYST.VOL.1,NO.1,2005.
[3]段智华.浅谈SOAP[EB/OL].http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/xml/x-sisoap/
[4]金江军.Web服务及其应用类型[EB/OL].
[5]设计移动Web服务[Z].http://www.javanb.com/spring/1/20061.html
[6]风河推出嵌入式系统应用Web服务的自动化平台[Z].http://www.21ic.com/news/thtml/8/show4858.htm
[7]卢春妙.嵌入式WEB技术在控制系统中的应用研究[Z].http://www.gd-emb.org/detail/id-36288.html
[8](美)kapilApshankar,DietrichAyala等著.开发源代码的Web服务高级编程[M].清华大学出版社,2003.
[9]吕京建,肖海桥.面向二十一世纪的嵌入式系统综述[EB/OL].http://www.21control.com/RTOS/Linux/200512/RTOS_20051213231853.html
[10]Machado G B,Mittmann R.Embedded Systems Integration Using Web Services[C].In:Proceedings of the International Conference on Networking,2006.
[11](美)frankPcoyle著袁勤勇,莫青等译.XML、Web服务和数据革命[M].清华大学出版社,2003.
[12]李维.SOAP/Web Service开发[M].华中科技大学出版社,2002.
[13]唐凯.Web服务管理框架的设计与实现[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[14]柴晓路,梁宇奇.Web Services架构、技术和应用[M].电子工业出版社,2003.
[15]Ebert C.SOAP and Web Services[C].In:IEEE SOFTWARE Published by the IEEE Computer Society,2006.
[16]张中.基于XML/SOAP协议的Web服务研究及其应用[D].哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[17](美)FabioArciniegas著,天宏工作室.XML开发指南[M].清华大学出版社,2003.
[18]W3c.Extensible Markup Language(XML)1.0[Z].1998.http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210
[19]W3c.Extensible Markup Language(XML)1.1[Z].2004.http://www.w3.org/TR/2OO4/REC-xml11-20040204/
[20]W3c.Web Services Description Language(WSDL)Version 2.0 Part 0:Primer.[Z].2004.http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/WD-wsdl20-primer-20041221
[21]W3c.Web Services Description Language(WSDL)Version 2.0 Part 1:Core Language.[Z].2004.http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/WD-wsdl20-20040803
[22]W3c.Web Services Description Language(WSDL)Version 2.0 Part 2:Predefined[Z].2004.http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/WD-wsdl20-extensions-20040803
[23]W3c.Web Services Description Language(WSDL)Version 2.0 Part 3:Bindings.[Z].2004.http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/WD-wsdl20-bindings-20040803
[24]Oasis.UDDI Specification[Z].2005.http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/uddi-spec/
[25]W3c.SOAP Version 1.2 Part 2:Adjuncts[Z].2003. http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-soap12-part2-20030624/
[26]W3c.SOAP Version 1.2 Part 0:Primer.[Z].2003.http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-soap12-part0-20030624/
[27]W3c.SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1:Messaging Framework[Z].2003.http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-soap12-part1-20030624/
[28]Dissanaike S,Wijkman P W A M.Utilizing XML-RPC or SOAP on an EmbeddedSystem[C].In:Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops 2004 IEEE.,2004.
[29]朱敏,丁秋林.基于SOAP的Web服务程序设计[J].计算机应用.2003.
[30]李东,周晓宇,徐宝文.SOAP及其对Web服务的影响[J].计算机工程与应用.2002.
[31]Altera Corporation.Nios Development Board Reference Manual,Stratix Professional Edition[EB/OL].http://www.altera.com
[32]Altera Corporation.A C.Developing Peripherals for SOPC Builder(Application Note 333)[EB/OL].http://www.altera.com.
[33]JanJane cek.Efficient SOAP processing in embedded systems[C].In:Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer-Based Systems,2004.
[34]贺学林.SOAP消息处理器的设计与实现[J].微型机与应用.2004.
[35]刘芳.嵌入式Web服务中的XML解析技术研究与实现[D].江苏大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[36]刘芳,肖铁军.XML应用的基石:XML解析技术[J].计算机工程与设计.2005.
[37]Slominski A.XML Pull Parser[Z].http://www.extreme.indiana.edu/xgws/
[38]W3c.Hypertext Transfer Protocol—HTTP/1.1.RFC 2616[Z].1999.
[39]]Corporation A.Altera Corporation.Nios Ⅱ Software Developer's.Handbook[S].http://www.altera.com
[40](美)jeanJlabrosse著,邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS—Ⅱ,第2版[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[41]奇妙的Base64编码[EB/OL].http://www.luocong.com/articles/show_article.asp?Article_ID=17
[42]NIOS Ⅱ Step By Step(1)—NIOS Ⅱ自定义指令[EB/OL].http://daisy.lingd.net/show.php?id=118139
[43]周博,邱卫东,陈燕等.SOC-基于NIOS的SOPC设计与实践[M].清华大学出版社,2004.
[44]夏宇闻.Verilog数字系统设计教程[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[45]李兰英.NiosⅡ嵌入式软核SOPC设计原理及应用[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[46]Koulom-as G,Kontakos K,Stavrakas I,et al.Embedded Compact Flash[C].In:IEEE CIRCUITS & DEVICES MAGAZINE,2005.
[47]院泽嘉,董金明.FAT16文件系统在嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ中实现[J].电子测量技术.2005.