现浇石膏外墙多高层钢网格盒式节能住宅结构体系研究
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摘要
本文提出了一种新型钢结构住宅体系——现浇石膏外墙钢网格盒式结构,可适用于多、高层住宅结构。它符合我国转变经济增长方式的基本国情,解决了多年制约我国钢结构住宅发展的问题。它将结构性能、建筑功能、节能环保以及工业废料再利用有机的整合起来,是一种一举多得的建筑结构体系,有着很大的推广和发展前景。
开篇总结了现有住宅钢结构体系发展现状及其不足,介绍了钢网格盒式结构体系的主要构成子体系和构造方式。随后,提出了目前面临的一系列研究问题：子体系的基本力学性能、型钢与石膏的粘结性能及机理、结构影响系数取值以及该体系的综合技术性能分析。
介绍水平子体系——钢空腹夹层板网格结构的构造特点；采用连续化分析建立其基本力学方程,给出四边简支条件下的解析解；提出该体系的实用分析方法；针对同一算例,对比研究连续化分析、有限元分析以及实用分析方法的结果,证明连续化分析方法的精确性以及实用分析方法在工程实践中的安全度和可行性。
采用框架作用的力学机理解释竖向子体系——钢网格式框架墙如何提高抗侧刚度；采用D值法和柔度法分析钢网格式框架墙的剪切变形,采用隔离体法分析其整体弯曲变形；与有限元分析结果对比证明：D值法结果偏小,工程实践中宜采用柔度法,且整体弯曲变形较明显。采用模态静力推覆方法对比分析了该体系与普通框架结构的抗震性能,结果显示该体系抗侧刚度好,抗震性能优越。
通过18根型钢石膏组合试件基于正交分析法的推出试验,研究了石膏与型钢之间的粘结性能,分析了石膏强度、保护层厚度及型钢锚固长度对其的影响,拟合型钢石膏粘结强度计算公式并给出型钢石膏粘结滑移本构模型。
阐述本文研究现浇石膏外墙钢网格盒式结构的结构影响系数的思路及具体步骤。采用该体系建立了6个不同层数和跨度的算例,分别计算其结构影响系数。结果显示多层钢网格盒式结构体系的结构影响系数可取3。
对一15层住宅结构,分别采用型钢网格盒式结构和普通框架-剪力墙结构设计,对比分析他们的周期、位移响应、内力分配以及综合技术性能。结果显示工业石膏外墙钢网格盒式结构体系在多个指标上具有一定的优势。
A new structural system of steel dwelling houses applied in multiple and high-riseresidence building is proposed, called steel grid box-like structure with gypsum wallcast-in-place (SGBSG). It conforms to our country situation of changing economicmode, and solves the problems restricting steel house development for years. Thissystem has a lot of promotion and development prospects for multi advantages suchas good structural properties, powerful architectural function, energy conservation,environmental protection and circulation of industrial wastes.
In the beginning, the development status and the advantages and disadvantages ofthe residence with steel structure are summarized, and the sub-systems andconstruction styles of SGBSG are introduced. And then, a series of research topics areput forward including: the basic mechanical properties of sub-system, bondperformance and slip mechanism between steel grid frame and gypsum, value ofstructural influencing coefficient and combined technical performance.
The construction features of Steel Vierendeel grid slab structure (SVGSS), whichis the horizontal sub-system of SGBSG is introduced. Based on the principle ofcontinuous analysis, the basic mechanical equation in consideration of sheardeformation is established and the analytic solution is gotten under boundarycondition simply supported on four sides. Practical analysis method and its calculationkeys are presented for the design of SVGSS. According to a calculation example, acomparative research of results of continuous analysis, FEM analysis and practicalanalysis proves that the continuous analysis has good accuracy and the practicalanalysis method has high safety and good feasibility used in actual engineering.
The reason of lateral stiffness improvement of steel grid frame wall (SGFW),which is the vertical sub-system of SGBSG, is studied by using the structuralmechanics theory of framework effect. D-value method and flexibility method arerespectively used to calculate the shear deformation of SGFW. The flexuraldeformations are obtained with Isolation-unit Method. The results comparison withFEM analysis shows that the results of D-value method are relatively small, the actualengineering should use flexibility method, and the flexural deformation is obvious.With Pushover method, the seismic property of SGFW and steel frame are studied,and the results show that the lateral stiffness and seismic property of SGFW are better than steel frame.
In order to determine the relations between the three main bond-anchoring factorsincluding gypsum strength, gypsum cover thickness and steel embedment length andthe bond strength, and establish the bond-slip constitutive relations,18standardpush-out test specimens were designed. The whole push-out test processes were fullyobserved. The first cracking and cracking development and the final failure modewere carefully observed. Based on the summary of the characteristics of load-slipcurves and bond stress-slip curves, the bond-strength calculation formulas andbond-slip Constitutive Model are determined.
The necessity of study on structural influencing coefficient in the current seismicdesign methods is explained. The idea and method of research on the structuralinfluencing coefficient of SGBSG are introduced. Using this system,6models ofdifferent stories and different span are built to calculate the structural influencingcoefficient. The results show that the value of structural influencing coefficient ofSGBSG is3, which is bigger than the regulation value2.86in the current seismicdesign code of our Country.
According to a high-rise residence with15stories, two different models are builtby respectively using SGBSG and steel frame-shear wall. The study of period,displacement, internal force distribution and combined technical performance areconducted between these two models. The results show that SGBSG has someadvantages in several indexes.
开篇总结了现有住宅钢结构体系发展现状及其不足,介绍了钢网格盒式结构体系的主要构成子体系和构造方式。随后,提出了目前面临的一系列研究问题：子体系的基本力学性能、型钢与石膏的粘结性能及机理、结构影响系数取值以及该体系的综合技术性能分析。
介绍水平子体系——钢空腹夹层板网格结构的构造特点；采用连续化分析建立其基本力学方程,给出四边简支条件下的解析解；提出该体系的实用分析方法；针对同一算例,对比研究连续化分析、有限元分析以及实用分析方法的结果,证明连续化分析方法的精确性以及实用分析方法在工程实践中的安全度和可行性。
采用框架作用的力学机理解释竖向子体系——钢网格式框架墙如何提高抗侧刚度；采用D值法和柔度法分析钢网格式框架墙的剪切变形,采用隔离体法分析其整体弯曲变形；与有限元分析结果对比证明：D值法结果偏小,工程实践中宜采用柔度法,且整体弯曲变形较明显。采用模态静力推覆方法对比分析了该体系与普通框架结构的抗震性能,结果显示该体系抗侧刚度好,抗震性能优越。
通过18根型钢石膏组合试件基于正交分析法的推出试验,研究了石膏与型钢之间的粘结性能,分析了石膏强度、保护层厚度及型钢锚固长度对其的影响,拟合型钢石膏粘结强度计算公式并给出型钢石膏粘结滑移本构模型。
阐述本文研究现浇石膏外墙钢网格盒式结构的结构影响系数的思路及具体步骤。采用该体系建立了6个不同层数和跨度的算例,分别计算其结构影响系数。结果显示多层钢网格盒式结构体系的结构影响系数可取3。
对一15层住宅结构,分别采用型钢网格盒式结构和普通框架-剪力墙结构设计,对比分析他们的周期、位移响应、内力分配以及综合技术性能。结果显示工业石膏外墙钢网格盒式结构体系在多个指标上具有一定的优势。
A new structural system of steel dwelling houses applied in multiple and high-riseresidence building is proposed, called steel grid box-like structure with gypsum wallcast-in-place (SGBSG). It conforms to our country situation of changing economicmode, and solves the problems restricting steel house development for years. Thissystem has a lot of promotion and development prospects for multi advantages suchas good structural properties, powerful architectural function, energy conservation,environmental protection and circulation of industrial wastes.
In the beginning, the development status and the advantages and disadvantages ofthe residence with steel structure are summarized, and the sub-systems andconstruction styles of SGBSG are introduced. And then, a series of research topics areput forward including: the basic mechanical properties of sub-system, bondperformance and slip mechanism between steel grid frame and gypsum, value ofstructural influencing coefficient and combined technical performance.
The construction features of Steel Vierendeel grid slab structure (SVGSS), whichis the horizontal sub-system of SGBSG is introduced. Based on the principle ofcontinuous analysis, the basic mechanical equation in consideration of sheardeformation is established and the analytic solution is gotten under boundarycondition simply supported on four sides. Practical analysis method and its calculationkeys are presented for the design of SVGSS. According to a calculation example, acomparative research of results of continuous analysis, FEM analysis and practicalanalysis proves that the continuous analysis has good accuracy and the practicalanalysis method has high safety and good feasibility used in actual engineering.
The reason of lateral stiffness improvement of steel grid frame wall (SGFW),which is the vertical sub-system of SGBSG, is studied by using the structuralmechanics theory of framework effect. D-value method and flexibility method arerespectively used to calculate the shear deformation of SGFW. The flexuraldeformations are obtained with Isolation-unit Method. The results comparison withFEM analysis shows that the results of D-value method are relatively small, the actualengineering should use flexibility method, and the flexural deformation is obvious.With Pushover method, the seismic property of SGFW and steel frame are studied,and the results show that the lateral stiffness and seismic property of SGFW are better than steel frame.
In order to determine the relations between the three main bond-anchoring factorsincluding gypsum strength, gypsum cover thickness and steel embedment length andthe bond strength, and establish the bond-slip constitutive relations,18standardpush-out test specimens were designed. The whole push-out test processes were fullyobserved. The first cracking and cracking development and the final failure modewere carefully observed. Based on the summary of the characteristics of load-slipcurves and bond stress-slip curves, the bond-strength calculation formulas andbond-slip Constitutive Model are determined.
The necessity of study on structural influencing coefficient in the current seismicdesign methods is explained. The idea and method of research on the structuralinfluencing coefficient of SGBSG are introduced. Using this system,6models ofdifferent stories and different span are built to calculate the structural influencingcoefficient. The results show that the value of structural influencing coefficient ofSGBSG is3, which is bigger than the regulation value2.86in the current seismicdesign code of our Country.
According to a high-rise residence with15stories, two different models are builtby respectively using SGBSG and steel frame-shear wall. The study of period,displacement, internal force distribution and combined technical performance areconducted between these two models. The results show that SGBSG has someadvantages in several indexes.
引文
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