指纹识别技术在罪犯指纹点名管理系统中的应用
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摘要
随着社会的发展，传统的基于信物或口令的安全系统，如钥匙、密码、身份证件，甚至IC卡等，由于它们具有可假冒、可伪造、可盗用、可破译的弱点，已不能完全满足现代社会经济活动和社会安全防范的需要。随着计算机与信息技术的发展，通过辨识人的生理和行为特征如人脸、指纹，视网膜、DNA、声音等进行身份验证的生物识别技术的研究受到了广泛的关注。指纹的唯一性和不变性，使指纹识别技术优于其它生物识别技术，成为最可靠的生物识别技术，广泛应用于司法、公安和各种安全防护系统。近年来，随着低价位指纹采集仪的出现以及高可靠算法的实现，使得自动指纹识别技术越来越多的进入到人们的生活和工作中，自动指纹识别系统的研究和开发正在成为国内外学术界和商业界的热点。
本论文对指纹识别技术、自动指纹识别系统及指纹算法理论进行了初步研究，对指纹图像处理过程中所涉及的指纹图像预处理(包括指纹灰度图滤波、二值化和细化)、指纹特征提取及指纹特征匹配等三个阶段的指纹算法进行了研究分析，并对指纹识别产品进行了全面的市场调查。结合监狱管理对罪犯身份验证方案的具体要求，采用DP公司的光学指纹采集仪及中控科技的SDK软件包等指纹识别产品进行了系统二次开发，初步提出了基于指纹识别的个人身份验证方案，针对罪犯身份验证而研制开发了自动指纹识别系统——罪犯指纹点名管理系统，详细分析了指纹识别技术，即指纹登记和指纹识别功能模块的软、硬件设计，最终实现对罪犯的实时点名。
通过本研究工作证明了系统设计合理，方案可行，有重要的实用价值与广泛的应用前景。
With the development of our society, The traditional security systems which based mainly on token or password, such as key, password, ID card and even IC card, have fallen behind the needs of economic activity and social security, This is because that they would be forgetable, falsifiable, stolen or decodable. With the development of electronic computer and information technology, the identification technology using biometric, automatic identification an individual by using certain physiological or behavioral characteristics associated with the person, have drawn more attention, such as face、fingerprint、iris、DNA and voice etc. Because of the In invariability and uniqueness of the fingerprints, fingerprint recognition technique is superior to others and is becoming the most reliable biometric recognition technique, widely used in forensic, police and other security system recently。AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System) is applied in daily life more and more with the appearance of cheap collector and the effective algorithms. AFIS is becoming the research center of academic and commerce.
In this paper, we have studies and analysed Fingerprint recognition、Automatic fingerprint identification system and fingerprint identification alogthium at first. The alogthium is mainly composed of three sections, which are fingerprint preprocessing (includes gray_level image filtering、binarization and thinning)、feature extraction and fingerprint matching. Market investigate about fingerprint recognition product is do. the seconds programming uses optics fingerprint collection apparatus in DP company and SDK software pack in zhongkong company. the Individual Identity-Authentication scheme is designed to meet the requirement of the jail, which was based on fingerprint identification technology, we estblished antomatic fingerprint identification system (AFIS) -the registration management system by fingerprint to verify prizoners' identity for jail. It includes the designs of system hardware and software. Identification software, the core of our AFIS consists of fingerprint image register and fingerprint verification module.
The results show that the design of the fingerprint identification system is reasonable and realizable. It would have a wide range of applications and a bright future.
本论文对指纹识别技术、自动指纹识别系统及指纹算法理论进行了初步研究，对指纹图像处理过程中所涉及的指纹图像预处理(包括指纹灰度图滤波、二值化和细化)、指纹特征提取及指纹特征匹配等三个阶段的指纹算法进行了研究分析，并对指纹识别产品进行了全面的市场调查。结合监狱管理对罪犯身份验证方案的具体要求，采用DP公司的光学指纹采集仪及中控科技的SDK软件包等指纹识别产品进行了系统二次开发，初步提出了基于指纹识别的个人身份验证方案，针对罪犯身份验证而研制开发了自动指纹识别系统——罪犯指纹点名管理系统，详细分析了指纹识别技术，即指纹登记和指纹识别功能模块的软、硬件设计，最终实现对罪犯的实时点名。
通过本研究工作证明了系统设计合理，方案可行，有重要的实用价值与广泛的应用前景。
With the development of our society, The traditional security systems which based mainly on token or password, such as key, password, ID card and even IC card, have fallen behind the needs of economic activity and social security, This is because that they would be forgetable, falsifiable, stolen or decodable. With the development of electronic computer and information technology, the identification technology using biometric, automatic identification an individual by using certain physiological or behavioral characteristics associated with the person, have drawn more attention, such as face、fingerprint、iris、DNA and voice etc. Because of the In invariability and uniqueness of the fingerprints, fingerprint recognition technique is superior to others and is becoming the most reliable biometric recognition technique, widely used in forensic, police and other security system recently。AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System) is applied in daily life more and more with the appearance of cheap collector and the effective algorithms. AFIS is becoming the research center of academic and commerce.
In this paper, we have studies and analysed Fingerprint recognition、Automatic fingerprint identification system and fingerprint identification alogthium at first. The alogthium is mainly composed of three sections, which are fingerprint preprocessing (includes gray_level image filtering、binarization and thinning)、feature extraction and fingerprint matching. Market investigate about fingerprint recognition product is do. the seconds programming uses optics fingerprint collection apparatus in DP company and SDK software pack in zhongkong company. the Individual Identity-Authentication scheme is designed to meet the requirement of the jail, which was based on fingerprint identification technology, we estblished antomatic fingerprint identification system (AFIS) -the registration management system by fingerprint to verify prizoners' identity for jail. It includes the designs of system hardware and software. Identification software, the core of our AFIS consists of fingerprint image register and fingerprint verification module.
The results show that the design of the fingerprint identification system is reasonable and realizable. It would have a wide range of applications and a bright future.
引文
(1) E. Henry Classification and uses of fingerprints London: Routledge 1990
(2) H. Lee and R. Gaensslen Advances in Fingerprint Technology New York: Elsevier 1991
(3) Kaller Karu and K. Jain Fingerprint Classfication Pattern Recogniton 1996
(4) A. K. Jain and Li Hong and S. Pankanti and Roud Bolle An Identity Authentication System Using Fingerprints Proceedings of the IEEE 1997
(5) Ph. D. Dissertation and Lin Hong Automatic Personal ldentificatlon using fingerprints MSU 1998
(6) HU Xin. rong Finger identification System and Its Application Computer Technology Information 1999
(7) 张成海，张铎 现代自动识别技术及应用 清华大学出版社
(8) 柴晓光，岑宝炽 民用指纹识别技术 人民邮电出版社
(9) 范逸之 陈立元 Visual Basic与RS-232串行通信控制 清化大学出版社
(10) 李吉桂，桑粹勤。李冠英 计算机指纹自动识别技术的现状 华南师范大学学报 1994
(11) 韩伟红，沈涛，黄子中 微机上的指纹自动识别系统 微型电脑应用 1996年第8期，
(12) 韩伟红，沈清，黄子中 微机上的指纹自动识别系统 微型电脑应用 1996-5
(13) 张树人 周毅 林泳 指纹图像识别前的预处理 现代计算机第51期，1996-4
(14) 夏德深，傅德胜，现代图像处理技术与应用 东南大学出版社 1997
(15) 韩伟红、黄子中、王志英 指纹自动识别系统中预处理技术 计算机研究与发展 1997
(16) 陆颖 宋建中 模式识别理论在指纹自动识别中的应用 光学精密工程 1998
(17) 夏良正 数字图像处理 东南大学出版杜，1998
(18) 李晓昆 基于结构特征的指纹识别 计算机工程与科学，1999
(19) 傅德胜 李慧颖 微机指纹自动识别系统的设计及实现 武汉交通科技大 学学报 2000
(20) 孙冬梅，裘正定 生物特征识别技术综述 电子学报 2001(12)
(21) 王崇文，李见为，周宏文，许祝 指纹识别系统的设计与实现 计算机应用 2002年第21卷第12期
(22) 王崇文 自动指纹识别方法研究(博士论文)重庆大学 2003．7．5
(2) H. Lee and R. Gaensslen Advances in Fingerprint Technology New York: Elsevier 1991
(3) Kaller Karu and K. Jain Fingerprint Classfication Pattern Recogniton 1996
(4) A. K. Jain and Li Hong and S. Pankanti and Roud Bolle An Identity Authentication System Using Fingerprints Proceedings of the IEEE 1997
(5) Ph. D. Dissertation and Lin Hong Automatic Personal ldentificatlon using fingerprints MSU 1998
(6) HU Xin. rong Finger identification System and Its Application Computer Technology Information 1999
(7) 张成海，张铎 现代自动识别技术及应用 清华大学出版社
(8) 柴晓光，岑宝炽 民用指纹识别技术 人民邮电出版社
(9) 范逸之 陈立元 Visual Basic与RS-232串行通信控制 清化大学出版社
(10) 李吉桂，桑粹勤。李冠英 计算机指纹自动识别技术的现状 华南师范大学学报 1994
(11) 韩伟红，沈涛，黄子中 微机上的指纹自动识别系统 微型电脑应用 1996年第8期，
(12) 韩伟红，沈清，黄子中 微机上的指纹自动识别系统 微型电脑应用 1996-5
(13) 张树人 周毅 林泳 指纹图像识别前的预处理 现代计算机第51期，1996-4
(14) 夏德深，傅德胜，现代图像处理技术与应用 东南大学出版社 1997
(15) 韩伟红、黄子中、王志英 指纹自动识别系统中预处理技术 计算机研究与发展 1997
(16) 陆颖 宋建中 模式识别理论在指纹自动识别中的应用 光学精密工程 1998
(17) 夏良正 数字图像处理 东南大学出版杜，1998
(18) 李晓昆 基于结构特征的指纹识别 计算机工程与科学，1999
(19) 傅德胜 李慧颖 微机指纹自动识别系统的设计及实现 武汉交通科技大 学学报 2000
(20) 孙冬梅，裘正定 生物特征识别技术综述 电子学报 2001(12)
(21) 王崇文，李见为，周宏文，许祝 指纹识别系统的设计与实现 计算机应用 2002年第21卷第12期
(22) 王崇文 自动指纹识别方法研究(博士论文)重庆大学 2003．7．5