滇中红层地下水富集规律及开发利用研究
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摘要
滇中红层区地处扬子板块西南缘,紧邻哀牢山造山带,地形切割普遍较深,构造发育,岩性组合复杂,冬春季节久旱少雨,农村干旱缺水严重。充分利用地下水的调节作用,开发利用红层地下水资源是抵御旱灾和缓解农村人畜饮水困难的有效手段之一。本文以云南红层地下水勘查示范项目为依托,结合区域水文地质条件,对滇中红层地下水赋存条件、富集规律及开发利用等问题进行了专题研究。
1、在系统总结研究区域水文地质资料和勘查示范成果基础上,提出了滇中红层地下水分类方案,并按含、隔水层空间组合的差异及富水性的强弱,将层间裂隙含水层进一步划分为单层型、互层型、夹层型三种组合形式;以解决农村人畜饮水为主要目标,兼顾传统划分标准和深井、浅井的差异,建立了滇中红层含水层富水性等级划分标准,即浅井、中深井以40m3/d和15m3/d为界,深井以300m3/d和100m3/d,将滇中红层地下水富水性等级划分为水量丰富、水量中等和水量贫乏三级。
2、围绕影响红层地下水富集、赋存的主控因素,结合实例,从含水层特征及赋水规律、储水构造型式及机理、汇水地貌特征等方面,系统论述了滇中红层地下水富集条件及规律,并归纳总结了滇中红层富水块段的综合特征。总体上,滇中红层具有地下水类型齐全,储水构造类型多样,风化裂隙水分布局限,层间裂隙含水层和可溶岩层分布广泛,地下水循环径流条件普遍较好,可开发利用的深度较大等特点。
3、在分析研究滇中红层含盐层的岩性组合、岩石化学特征及赋水空隙发育特点的基础上,论述了滇中红层含盐层地下水水质复杂、富水性差异大的特征,并结合实例探讨了含盐层地下水富集规律及淡水分布特点。
4、以腰站街盆地为例,对滇中红层典型盆地地下水资源进行了数值模拟分析评价。研究表明,以解决农村生活用水为目标,采用分散的小井小水量开发地下水,将浅井、中深井的抽水试验稳定涌水量作为允许开采量,既可满足缺水农村解决生活用水困难的需要,地下水开采也有资源保证。
5、对滇中红层地下水开发利用技术进行了研究,归纳总结出“多种形式小口径管井取水,多种方式供水”的红层地下水有效开发及供水方案,提出了钻探、成井、取水的设备配置及工艺,并对劣质水处理进行了探索性研究。论文成果深化了对滇中红层地下水的认识,达到了预期目标,对滇中红层找水与开发利用具有一定的指导和借鉴作用。
Located in southwestern margin of Yangtze Plate and close to Ailaoshan Orogenic Belt, complex geo-environment as well as drought and rainless during winters and springs, the red beds of Central Yunnan groundwater’s exploration and utilization is one of the most efficient methods to resist drought and relieve the drinking water problem of man-livestock. Based on groundwater’s investigation and demonstration data in the red beds of Yunnan, in addition with regional hydrogeology, this paper discusses the condition of existence, groundwater enrichment regularitys and groundwater exploit techniques.
1. By geological survey and study, in addition with regional hydrogeology, this paper put forward groundwater classification of the red beds of Central Yunnan. New ideas and foundations on classification of interlayered fracture aquifer were launched. According to the differences of space combination between aquifer and aquiclude, in addition with the strong and weak of the water abundance, interlayered fracture aquifer were divided into monolayer, interbeds and interlayer. This paper aim at resolving the drinking water problem of man-livestock, give consideration to the traditional standards and difference among deep well and shallow well. Standard for water abundance was established. This standard was divided into Water yield rich, medium and poor.
2. Based on main factors controlling groundwater enrichment, combined with the example, This paper described the conditions and regularity of groundwater enrichment and summarized feature synthesis of water rich block from the character of the aquifer and storage regularity, the type of groundwater-bearing structure, characteristics of catchment geomorphy. On the whole, the red beds of Central Yunnan has the following features: The kinds of groundwater are complete; The kinds of groundwater-bearing structure are various; The distribution of groundwater are limited, Widely distributed interlayered fracture aquifer and dissoluble rock; Runoff conditions of groundwater circulation were good; Exploitation and utilization has a good prospect.
3.Based on analysis of salt layer lithological association, petrochemical characteristics and water enrichment void’development characteristics. This paper described the characteristics of groundwater quality, water abundance’differences. Combined with the example, it discussed the enrichment regularity of saline groundwater, and freshwater’distribution characteristics.
4. With YaoZhanjie Basin as an example, research indicates that dispersed minor -caliber well were used to exploit and utilize groundwater, at the same time, using pumping test’steady discharge as allowable withdrawal, which meets both the requirements of the drinking water problem of man-livestock as well as groundwater resources assured.
5. Based on the research of groundwater exploration and utilization in the red beds of Central Yunnan, this paper summarized effective alternative,equipment disposition for groundwater exploration and utilization, and give a exploring study of poor quality water treatment.
The achievement of this paper has gained a better understanding of the issue of the groundwater in the red beds of Central Yunnan, which can be used for groundwater detection and utilization in this area.
1、在系统总结研究区域水文地质资料和勘查示范成果基础上,提出了滇中红层地下水分类方案,并按含、隔水层空间组合的差异及富水性的强弱,将层间裂隙含水层进一步划分为单层型、互层型、夹层型三种组合形式;以解决农村人畜饮水为主要目标,兼顾传统划分标准和深井、浅井的差异,建立了滇中红层含水层富水性等级划分标准,即浅井、中深井以40m3/d和15m3/d为界,深井以300m3/d和100m3/d,将滇中红层地下水富水性等级划分为水量丰富、水量中等和水量贫乏三级。
2、围绕影响红层地下水富集、赋存的主控因素,结合实例,从含水层特征及赋水规律、储水构造型式及机理、汇水地貌特征等方面,系统论述了滇中红层地下水富集条件及规律,并归纳总结了滇中红层富水块段的综合特征。总体上,滇中红层具有地下水类型齐全,储水构造类型多样,风化裂隙水分布局限,层间裂隙含水层和可溶岩层分布广泛,地下水循环径流条件普遍较好,可开发利用的深度较大等特点。
3、在分析研究滇中红层含盐层的岩性组合、岩石化学特征及赋水空隙发育特点的基础上,论述了滇中红层含盐层地下水水质复杂、富水性差异大的特征,并结合实例探讨了含盐层地下水富集规律及淡水分布特点。
4、以腰站街盆地为例,对滇中红层典型盆地地下水资源进行了数值模拟分析评价。研究表明,以解决农村生活用水为目标,采用分散的小井小水量开发地下水,将浅井、中深井的抽水试验稳定涌水量作为允许开采量,既可满足缺水农村解决生活用水困难的需要,地下水开采也有资源保证。
5、对滇中红层地下水开发利用技术进行了研究,归纳总结出“多种形式小口径管井取水,多种方式供水”的红层地下水有效开发及供水方案,提出了钻探、成井、取水的设备配置及工艺,并对劣质水处理进行了探索性研究。论文成果深化了对滇中红层地下水的认识,达到了预期目标,对滇中红层找水与开发利用具有一定的指导和借鉴作用。
Located in southwestern margin of Yangtze Plate and close to Ailaoshan Orogenic Belt, complex geo-environment as well as drought and rainless during winters and springs, the red beds of Central Yunnan groundwater’s exploration and utilization is one of the most efficient methods to resist drought and relieve the drinking water problem of man-livestock. Based on groundwater’s investigation and demonstration data in the red beds of Yunnan, in addition with regional hydrogeology, this paper discusses the condition of existence, groundwater enrichment regularitys and groundwater exploit techniques.
1. By geological survey and study, in addition with regional hydrogeology, this paper put forward groundwater classification of the red beds of Central Yunnan. New ideas and foundations on classification of interlayered fracture aquifer were launched. According to the differences of space combination between aquifer and aquiclude, in addition with the strong and weak of the water abundance, interlayered fracture aquifer were divided into monolayer, interbeds and interlayer. This paper aim at resolving the drinking water problem of man-livestock, give consideration to the traditional standards and difference among deep well and shallow well. Standard for water abundance was established. This standard was divided into Water yield rich, medium and poor.
2. Based on main factors controlling groundwater enrichment, combined with the example, This paper described the conditions and regularity of groundwater enrichment and summarized feature synthesis of water rich block from the character of the aquifer and storage regularity, the type of groundwater-bearing structure, characteristics of catchment geomorphy. On the whole, the red beds of Central Yunnan has the following features: The kinds of groundwater are complete; The kinds of groundwater-bearing structure are various; The distribution of groundwater are limited, Widely distributed interlayered fracture aquifer and dissoluble rock; Runoff conditions of groundwater circulation were good; Exploitation and utilization has a good prospect.
3.Based on analysis of salt layer lithological association, petrochemical characteristics and water enrichment void’development characteristics. This paper described the characteristics of groundwater quality, water abundance’differences. Combined with the example, it discussed the enrichment regularity of saline groundwater, and freshwater’distribution characteristics.
4. With YaoZhanjie Basin as an example, research indicates that dispersed minor -caliber well were used to exploit and utilize groundwater, at the same time, using pumping test’steady discharge as allowable withdrawal, which meets both the requirements of the drinking water problem of man-livestock as well as groundwater resources assured.
5. Based on the research of groundwater exploration and utilization in the red beds of Central Yunnan, this paper summarized effective alternative,equipment disposition for groundwater exploration and utilization, and give a exploring study of poor quality water treatment.
The achievement of this paper has gained a better understanding of the issue of the groundwater in the red beds of Central Yunnan, which can be used for groundwater detection and utilization in this area.
引文
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