我国绿色矿山评价研究
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摘要
矿产资源是支撑我国经济社会快速发展的重要基础性产业，也是促进人类社会进步，保障人们生产生活及社会可持续发展的物质基础。当前，我国矿产资源开发为工业化城镇化发展以及实现中国梦提供可靠的矿产资源保障，但传统的资源开发利用模式呈现出粗放型经济增长特点，不仅造成资源的严重浪费，而且造成生态环境很大程度上的破坏，这与党的十八大报告提出的“大力推进生态文明建设的伟大战略”是不相符的。因此，迫切需要转变传统的矿产资源开发模式，以发展绿色矿山为根本手段，实现我国矿业可持续发展。
绿色矿山综合评价研究是在系统全面分析国内外矿山绿色发展实际动态及综合评价指标的基础上，结合我国矿山绿色发展的实际情况和自身特色，以一系列分析方法为手段，通过定量计算与定性分析相结合的方法，系统建立一套科学、全面、可操作性强的绿色矿山发展指标体系，为合理衡量绿色矿山发展提供的理论与实践依据。
本文在深入开展在分析比较循环经济、低碳经济及绿色经济、和谐发展、可持续发展等相关理论研究、总结美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等几个国家绿色矿山发展现状及经验启示的基础上，结合国家发改委的循环经济评价体系、国家及地方有关绿色矿山建设的基本条件和相关政策，采用联合国可持续发展委员会菜单式多指标类型指标体系的方法，从和谐发展度、资源利用度、生态保护度、科技支撑度四大二级指标，以及公益事业捐赠额、当地居民占矿山职工的比例、基础设施完善度等二十三个三级指标构建绿色矿山综合评价指标体系，并通过实际案例对指标体系进行验证。最后，提出矿山建设的重点工作内容和保障措施，为今后绿色矿山发展提供有效的参考依据。
Mineral resources are an important basic industry to support the rapiddevelopment of China's economy and society, and to promote the progress of humansociety, to protect the material basis for the sustainable development of the work andlife of the people and the community. Currently, the development of mineral resourcesis providing reliable protection of mineral resources for the industrialization andurbanization of China's development and the realization of China's dream. However, thetraditional pattern of resource exploitation has shown extensive economic growingcharacteristics, and it has not only caused a serious waste of resources, but also causedgreat damage to ecological environment. This is not consistent with the report of the18thnational congress of the CPC, which says "to vigorously promote the constructionof ecological civilization and to realize the great strategy of the sustainable developmentof the Chinese nation ".Therefore, it’s an urgent need to change the traditional mode ofmineral resources development. So we must develop the green mining as a fundamentalmeans to achieve sustainable development of China's mining industry.
Study of Green Comprehensive Evaluation of mining provides the theoretical andpractical basis for reasonable measure of green mining development. It has establisheddevelopment index system for green mining, which is scientific, comprehensive andoperable. It has combined with China's actual situation of the mine green developmentand its own characteristics, by means of a series of analytical methods, by ways of acombination of quantitative and qualitative analysis, fully analyzing workable greenmining development and its indicators home and abroad.
This essay is based on the theoretical studies on the circular economy, low carboneconomy and green economy, harmonious development, theoretical research related tosustainable development. It has summarized the green mining development status andexperience enlightenment of the United States, Canada, Australia and several othercountries. On the combination of NDRC circular economy evaluation system, the stateand local policies concerning basic conditions and green mining construction, by usingthe multi-menu indicators’ type system approach of Commission on SustainableDevelopment of the United Nations, it has completed the comprehensive evaluationindex system of green mining. From the harmony of development, the degree of utilization of resources, the degree of ecological protection to the degree of scientificand technological support, there are four secondary indicators, as well as twenty-threethree-level indicators, such as welfare donations, local residents accounted for theproportion of the mine workers, and construction of infrastructure facilities. It has testedthe indicators system through practical examples. Finally, it has put forward the keywork content and security measures of the mining construction so as to provide aneffective reference for the future development of green mining.
绿色矿山综合评价研究是在系统全面分析国内外矿山绿色发展实际动态及综合评价指标的基础上，结合我国矿山绿色发展的实际情况和自身特色，以一系列分析方法为手段，通过定量计算与定性分析相结合的方法，系统建立一套科学、全面、可操作性强的绿色矿山发展指标体系，为合理衡量绿色矿山发展提供的理论与实践依据。
本文在深入开展在分析比较循环经济、低碳经济及绿色经济、和谐发展、可持续发展等相关理论研究、总结美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等几个国家绿色矿山发展现状及经验启示的基础上，结合国家发改委的循环经济评价体系、国家及地方有关绿色矿山建设的基本条件和相关政策，采用联合国可持续发展委员会菜单式多指标类型指标体系的方法，从和谐发展度、资源利用度、生态保护度、科技支撑度四大二级指标，以及公益事业捐赠额、当地居民占矿山职工的比例、基础设施完善度等二十三个三级指标构建绿色矿山综合评价指标体系，并通过实际案例对指标体系进行验证。最后，提出矿山建设的重点工作内容和保障措施，为今后绿色矿山发展提供有效的参考依据。
Mineral resources are an important basic industry to support the rapiddevelopment of China's economy and society, and to promote the progress of humansociety, to protect the material basis for the sustainable development of the work andlife of the people and the community. Currently, the development of mineral resourcesis providing reliable protection of mineral resources for the industrialization andurbanization of China's development and the realization of China's dream. However, thetraditional pattern of resource exploitation has shown extensive economic growingcharacteristics, and it has not only caused a serious waste of resources, but also causedgreat damage to ecological environment. This is not consistent with the report of the18thnational congress of the CPC, which says "to vigorously promote the constructionof ecological civilization and to realize the great strategy of the sustainable developmentof the Chinese nation ".Therefore, it’s an urgent need to change the traditional mode ofmineral resources development. So we must develop the green mining as a fundamentalmeans to achieve sustainable development of China's mining industry.
Study of Green Comprehensive Evaluation of mining provides the theoretical andpractical basis for reasonable measure of green mining development. It has establisheddevelopment index system for green mining, which is scientific, comprehensive andoperable. It has combined with China's actual situation of the mine green developmentand its own characteristics, by means of a series of analytical methods, by ways of acombination of quantitative and qualitative analysis, fully analyzing workable greenmining development and its indicators home and abroad.
This essay is based on the theoretical studies on the circular economy, low carboneconomy and green economy, harmonious development, theoretical research related tosustainable development. It has summarized the green mining development status andexperience enlightenment of the United States, Canada, Australia and several othercountries. On the combination of NDRC circular economy evaluation system, the stateand local policies concerning basic conditions and green mining construction, by usingthe multi-menu indicators’ type system approach of Commission on SustainableDevelopment of the United Nations, it has completed the comprehensive evaluationindex system of green mining. From the harmony of development, the degree of utilization of resources, the degree of ecological protection to the degree of scientificand technological support, there are four secondary indicators, as well as twenty-threethree-level indicators, such as welfare donations, local residents accounted for theproportion of the mine workers, and construction of infrastructure facilities. It has testedthe indicators system through practical examples. Finally, it has put forward the keywork content and security measures of the mining construction so as to provide aneffective reference for the future development of green mining.
引文
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