第四方物流企业协同运作研究
摘要
第四方物流企业的研究一直是理论界和实践者研究和探索的热点问题。但纵观这些理论与实践,对于第四方物流企业的产生机理、构建与协同运作机理、协同运作模式、支撑体系以及协同运作绩效的评价研究还很薄弱,而这恰恰是第四方物流企业科学地开展第四方物流活动的理论基础和依据。本文针对这些问题,以系统论、协同论、集成论、物流与供应链管理理论、虚拟企业与组织理论等为理论基础,围绕第四方物流企业的动因、协同运作机理、过程和绩效展开研究,试图揭示第四方物流企业产生的动因与成长机理,探讨第四方物流企业的构建与协同运作过程,分析第四方物流企业协同运作模式、支撑体系构建、绩效评价等问题,并结合武汉五环通物流有限公司的实际研究第四方物流企业协同运作的模式。具体的研究内容如下:
(1)分析了第四方物流企业的概念及内涵。第四方物流企业是多个相对独立服务商的集合体,是一种柔性集成系统,成员企业关系呈网络化,第四方物流企业本身不是一个真正的企业,是企业的一种组织形式,采用的是“第四方物流”这种物流运作模式协同第四方物流企业的成员企业进行运作,第四方物流企业的组建与解散主要取决市场的机会存在与消失、原企业可利用的价值。信息技术是第四方物流企业运作的重要技术手段。第四方物流企业具有明显的动态特征。第四方物流企业是一种能力型虚拟物流组织,成员企业更专注于自身的核心能力,在信息技术的支持下,具有不同核心能力的成员企业,在第四方物流企业的核心企业的引导与管理下,完成物流活动过程,以更好地适应市场的需求。
(2)分析第四方物流企业产生的动因,并用交易成本理论、企业资源和能力理论、网络组织理论对第四方物流企业产生的动因进行阐释:从协同学角度对第四方物流企业的成长过程进行描述,模拟其成长的动力学过程,进行成长过程分析。
(3)引入集成定义方法建立了第四方物流企业的构建模型,描述了第四方物流企业的构建过程与构建流程:提出了第四方物流企业协同运作的总体模型,在此基础上分析了其协同运作的流程:运用动态决策数学模型方法对第四方物流企业协同运作过程中所产生的决策冲突予以控制。
(4)阐述了第四方物流企业协同运作的管理功能配置,在此基础上分析了第四方物流企业协同运作的组织模式,提出基于物流信息平台的协同运作模式,阐述保障其正常运作的协同机制。
(5)探讨了第四方物流企业协同运作支撑体系的构建,在确定支撑体系总体框架的基础上,分析了各支撑要素及其内在关系,并分别从信息平台、资本供应、人力资源、政策等方面研究了其支撑体系的构建。
(6)对第四方物流企业协同运作的绩效评价进行了分析,构建了第四方物流企业协同运作的绩效评价模型与指标体系,采用模糊综合评价法对第四方物流企业协同运作的绩效进行评价。
(7)以武汉五环通物流有限公司为案例进行了第四方物流企业协同运作的实证分析,分析了五环通公司实施第四方物流企业协同运作的机遇,在此基础上研究了五环通公司第四方物流企业协同运作的模式。
The research on Fourth Party Logistics enterprises has been always the hot issue of theory and practice. Taking an overview of these theories and practice, the research on the generating mechanism, construction and operation mechanism, coordination mode, support system and the performance of collaborative evaluation of fourth party logistics enterprise is frail, which is the theoretical foundation and basis of fourth party logistics enterprises Scientifically carrying out activity. This dissertation bases on system theory, synergy theory, Integration theory , logistics and supply chain management theory, the theory of Virtual Enterprise and organization. It tries to reveal the motive and growth mechanism .The dissertation also probes into construction and the process of synergy operation. It analyzes fourth party logistics enterprise synergy mode of operation, the building of the support system and performance evaluation. It researches synergy mode of operation of fourth party logistics enterprises combining with the case of Wuhan wuhuantong Logistics Co., Ltd.
The main contents of this study are as follows:
Firstly, the dissertation analyzes of the concept and connotation Fourth Party Logistics enterprise. Fourth Party Logistics enterprise consist of a number of relatively independent service providers and is a flexible integrated system. The relationship between members is network-based. Fourth Party Logistics enterprise itself is not a real enterprise. It is a form of organizations which use the mode of operation of the logistics enterprises to synergy member of the operation of enterprises. The formation and dissolution of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise depend on the existence and disappearance of market opportunities, also including the value of the original enterprise. Information technology is the important technical means of the fourth party logistics enterprise. Fourth Party Logistics enterprise has obvious dynamic characteristics. Fourth Party Logistics Enterprise is a capacity-based virtual logistics organization, in which member enterprises focus on their core competency. With the information technology support, the members of fourth party logistics enterprise which different core competency complete the process of logistics activities in order to better meet market demand under the management guide of core enterprise.
Secondly, the dissertation analyzes the motive of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise. It explains in the aspects of the motives in value chain theory, the network organization theory and transaction Cost Theory. It deSCribes the growth process of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise from the angles of synergy theory and simulates the dynamic growth mechanism though the analysis of random fluctuation.
Thirdly, the dissertation brings in IDEF method, constructs the building model of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise which deSCribes the building process and flow. Based on the overall model of synergy operation of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise, it analyzes its synergy operation flow and controls the decision-making Conflict which is in the synergy operation produces by utilizing the dynamic decision-making mathematical method.
Fourthly, based on the disposition of the management function in synergy operation of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise, the dissertation analyzes its organizational model and proposes the synergy operation model which is based on logistics information platform. In addition, it elaborates the synergy mechanism in order to Protect the normal operation of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise.
Fifthly, the building of the support system is diSCussed. The dissertation analyzes the support elements and their inherent relationship basing on the overall framework of support system and researches the building of the support system from the aspects of the information platform, capital supplyment, human resources and policy.
Sixthly, the study analyzes the performance evaluation of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise and sets up the evaluation model and index system of the performance of the synergy operation and employs the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to assess its performance.
Seventhly, the study takes Wuhan wuhuantong Logistics Co., Ltd as the case to analyze empirically the synergy operation of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise . It researches the synergy operation model of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise on the basis of the analysis of the opportunity on the implementation of its ynergy operation.
(1)分析了第四方物流企业的概念及内涵。第四方物流企业是多个相对独立服务商的集合体,是一种柔性集成系统,成员企业关系呈网络化,第四方物流企业本身不是一个真正的企业,是企业的一种组织形式,采用的是“第四方物流”这种物流运作模式协同第四方物流企业的成员企业进行运作,第四方物流企业的组建与解散主要取决市场的机会存在与消失、原企业可利用的价值。信息技术是第四方物流企业运作的重要技术手段。第四方物流企业具有明显的动态特征。第四方物流企业是一种能力型虚拟物流组织,成员企业更专注于自身的核心能力,在信息技术的支持下,具有不同核心能力的成员企业,在第四方物流企业的核心企业的引导与管理下,完成物流活动过程,以更好地适应市场的需求。
(2)分析第四方物流企业产生的动因,并用交易成本理论、企业资源和能力理论、网络组织理论对第四方物流企业产生的动因进行阐释:从协同学角度对第四方物流企业的成长过程进行描述,模拟其成长的动力学过程,进行成长过程分析。
(3)引入集成定义方法建立了第四方物流企业的构建模型,描述了第四方物流企业的构建过程与构建流程:提出了第四方物流企业协同运作的总体模型,在此基础上分析了其协同运作的流程:运用动态决策数学模型方法对第四方物流企业协同运作过程中所产生的决策冲突予以控制。
(4)阐述了第四方物流企业协同运作的管理功能配置,在此基础上分析了第四方物流企业协同运作的组织模式,提出基于物流信息平台的协同运作模式,阐述保障其正常运作的协同机制。
(5)探讨了第四方物流企业协同运作支撑体系的构建,在确定支撑体系总体框架的基础上,分析了各支撑要素及其内在关系,并分别从信息平台、资本供应、人力资源、政策等方面研究了其支撑体系的构建。
(6)对第四方物流企业协同运作的绩效评价进行了分析,构建了第四方物流企业协同运作的绩效评价模型与指标体系,采用模糊综合评价法对第四方物流企业协同运作的绩效进行评价。
(7)以武汉五环通物流有限公司为案例进行了第四方物流企业协同运作的实证分析,分析了五环通公司实施第四方物流企业协同运作的机遇,在此基础上研究了五环通公司第四方物流企业协同运作的模式。
The research on Fourth Party Logistics enterprises has been always the hot issue of theory and practice. Taking an overview of these theories and practice, the research on the generating mechanism, construction and operation mechanism, coordination mode, support system and the performance of collaborative evaluation of fourth party logistics enterprise is frail, which is the theoretical foundation and basis of fourth party logistics enterprises Scientifically carrying out activity. This dissertation bases on system theory, synergy theory, Integration theory , logistics and supply chain management theory, the theory of Virtual Enterprise and organization. It tries to reveal the motive and growth mechanism .The dissertation also probes into construction and the process of synergy operation. It analyzes fourth party logistics enterprise synergy mode of operation, the building of the support system and performance evaluation. It researches synergy mode of operation of fourth party logistics enterprises combining with the case of Wuhan wuhuantong Logistics Co., Ltd.
The main contents of this study are as follows:
Firstly, the dissertation analyzes of the concept and connotation Fourth Party Logistics enterprise. Fourth Party Logistics enterprise consist of a number of relatively independent service providers and is a flexible integrated system. The relationship between members is network-based. Fourth Party Logistics enterprise itself is not a real enterprise. It is a form of organizations which use the mode of operation of the logistics enterprises to synergy member of the operation of enterprises. The formation and dissolution of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise depend on the existence and disappearance of market opportunities, also including the value of the original enterprise. Information technology is the important technical means of the fourth party logistics enterprise. Fourth Party Logistics enterprise has obvious dynamic characteristics. Fourth Party Logistics Enterprise is a capacity-based virtual logistics organization, in which member enterprises focus on their core competency. With the information technology support, the members of fourth party logistics enterprise which different core competency complete the process of logistics activities in order to better meet market demand under the management guide of core enterprise.
Secondly, the dissertation analyzes the motive of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise. It explains in the aspects of the motives in value chain theory, the network organization theory and transaction Cost Theory. It deSCribes the growth process of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise from the angles of synergy theory and simulates the dynamic growth mechanism though the analysis of random fluctuation.
Thirdly, the dissertation brings in IDEF method, constructs the building model of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise which deSCribes the building process and flow. Based on the overall model of synergy operation of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise, it analyzes its synergy operation flow and controls the decision-making Conflict which is in the synergy operation produces by utilizing the dynamic decision-making mathematical method.
Fourthly, based on the disposition of the management function in synergy operation of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise, the dissertation analyzes its organizational model and proposes the synergy operation model which is based on logistics information platform. In addition, it elaborates the synergy mechanism in order to Protect the normal operation of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise.
Fifthly, the building of the support system is diSCussed. The dissertation analyzes the support elements and their inherent relationship basing on the overall framework of support system and researches the building of the support system from the aspects of the information platform, capital supplyment, human resources and policy.
Sixthly, the study analyzes the performance evaluation of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise and sets up the evaluation model and index system of the performance of the synergy operation and employs the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to assess its performance.
Seventhly, the study takes Wuhan wuhuantong Logistics Co., Ltd as the case to analyze empirically the synergy operation of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise . It researches the synergy operation model of Fourth Party Logistics enterprise on the basis of the analysis of the opportunity on the implementation of its ynergy operation.
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