动态物流联盟运作管理理论与方法研究
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摘要
动态物流联盟是经济全球化和信息技术高速发展背景下新型的物流企业管理与组织模式。我国加入WTO后,物流服务领域呈现出了新的竞争态势。面对激烈的物流市场竞争和高标准的物流市场要求,越来越多的物流企业意识到单凭自身内部资源的整合已经难以把握迅速变化的物流市场机遇。而动态物流联盟作为物流企业间资源整合的有效手段,因其在各方面所表现出来的突出优势,已成为我国物流企业有效把握新形势下物流市场机遇的现实选择。
动态物流联盟是动态联盟理论在物流领域的扩展,其蕴藏在管理层面上的许多关键问题还远未得到充分的考虑和解决,如动态物流联盟形成的理论基础、合作伙伴的选择与优化、组织模式的设计、合作契约的设立、信任关系管理、利益分配机制的建立以及联盟绩效的考核与评价等。论文以动态物流联盟生命周期为主线,以关键问题为研究对象,综合运用现代经济学、管理学理论和数理技术对动态物流联盟构建与运作过程中涉及到的理论与方法进行了比较系统与深入的研究,初步建立了一整套适合我国国情的、操作性较强的动态物流联盟构建与运作管理理论框架,这对推动我国物流产业乃至整个国民经济的发展无疑具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。
(1)论文首先从我国物流产业发展现状入手,分析了我国目前物流产业的竞争格局,指出在目前的产业环境下第三方物流企业(特别是中小型第三方物流企业)必须走合作发展的道路,而建立有效的动态物流联盟是我国物流企业迅速提升竞争优势的最佳方式。详细论述了动态物流联盟是当前环境下第三方物流企业最有效的组织安排,我国第三方物流企业建立动态物流联盟具有特殊必要性和现实可行性。
(2)动态物流联盟形成的理论基础。阐述了动态物流联盟的内涵、特征及比较优势,并对动态物流联盟生命周期进行阶段划分;运用企业核心竞争力理论、价值链理论、资源基础理论、资源依赖理论以及交易费用理论等经济学原理对动态物流联盟产生的原因和机理进行解释。
(3)论文探讨了动态物流联盟构建的关键问题。在对合作伙伴进行分类并设立动态物流联盟经纪人的基础上,提出了动态物流联盟合作伙伴选择的四阶段过程模型:预备阶段、初选阶段、局部优选阶段和整体优化阶段,并在各阶段建立了相应的数理模型进行了较深入的
研究;分析了动态物流联盟对组织模式的要求及影响因素,继而提出基于全生命周期的动态物流联盟组织模式,给出了动态物流联盟从始至终整个生命过程可以选择的组织模式方案组合,且设计了一种以物流任务为导向的动态物流联盟混合型组织拓扑结构;建立了动态物流联盟契约网络体系,设计价格下限/上限保护条款、动态检查条款,并确定合理的违约金比率:对几种常见的利益分配模式进行分析,提出基于分类的动态物流联盟利益分配模式,并建立动态物流联盟利益分配的两阶段过程模型,实现了动态物流联盟利益分配的协调。
(4)论文对动态物流联盟运作管理的关键问题进行了研究。阐述了动态物流联盟相互信任关系的内涵及基本特征,利用博弈理论论证了动态物流联盟中相互信任关系形成的必要性,深入剖析了信任在动态物流联盟中的重要作用;研究了动态物流联盟信任关系的产生机制:探讨动态物流联盟相互信任关系的建立模式和措施。运用博弈理论分析了动态物流联盟绩效考核中盟主企业与成员企业之间的行为策略,设计了一种动态的绩效考核方法——动态物流联盟成员企业绩效协同模糊考核系统:建立了动态物流联盟综合绩效评价指标体系并进行了相应指标的量化分析;并以动态的观点,结合模糊集理论和层次分析法,提出基于动态模糊层次综合评价的动态物流联盟整体绩效评价模型,并给出了具体的操作步骤和应用实例分析。
论文针对我国物流产业发展现状,对动态物流联盟构建与运作管理中的关键问题展开深入研究,并给出相应的解决思路和对策,实现了动态联盟思想与现代物流管理的有效结合,为现代物流企业组建动态物流联盟提供理论指导。
Dynamic Logistics Alliance (DLA) is a new logistics enterprise management and organizational model under the situation of economic globalization and rapid development of information technology. After China's accession to the WTO, the area of logistics services has emerged a new competitive situation. Facing fierce competition in the logistics market and high standards of the logistics demands, more and more logistics enterprises realize that it is difficult to grasp the rapidly changing market opportunities just by the integration of their own internal resources. As an effective means of consolidating resources, Dynamic Logistics Alliance, in all aspects of its outstanding advantages, has become a realistic choice for logistics enterprises to grasp opportunities in the new situation of the logistics market.
Dynamic Logistics Alliance is an expansion of dynamic alliance theory in the logistics field , but many key management problems are far from being fully considered and resolved, such as theoretical basis of the alliance's formation, the choice and optimization of partners, the design of organizational model, and the establishment of cooperation contract, the relationship management, the distribution of benefits, the establishment of incentive and restraint mechanism, and the appraisal and evaluation of performance, etc. The article makes the life cycle of DLA as a main thread and the critical problems in building and operating DLA as subjects, adopts modern economics, management theory and mathematical techniques to study the theory and method that involving in the formation and operation DLA deeply and systematically. It also forms a set of tentative theoretical research frame of DLA construction and operation that suits our national condition and with strong operation, what we do has important theory, practical significance and can promote logistics industry development without doubt.
(1) Firstly, the paper analyses the current development and competition situation of logistics industry in China, points out that the third-party logistics enterprises (especially small and medium-sized TPL enterprises) must follow the road of cooperation in the current industry environment, concludes that establishing an effective dynamic logistics alliance is the best way for logistics enterprises to enhance competitive advantage rapidly. It also discusses detailedly that the dynamic logistics alliance is the most effective organization model for the third-party logistics companies and the establishment in China has a special necessity and realistic feasibility.
(2) The theoretical basis of dynamic logistics alliance's formation. The paper discusses connotation, characteristic and comparative advantage of dynamic logistics alliance; uses the core competitiveness of enterprises theory, the Theory of Value Chain, resource-based theory, resource dependency theory and transaction cost theory of economics to explain the formation and the principle of dynamic Logistics Alliance.
(3) The paper discusses some key issues about the construction of dynamic logistics alliance. On the basis of partner classification and the establishment of dynamic logistics alliance, the paper proposes a four-stage process model in the dynamic logistics alliance partner selection: preparation stage, primaries stage, local optimization stage and overall optimization stage, sets up a mathematical model for every stage and analyses them in detail; the paper researches the organizational model and influencing factor of the dynamic logistics alliance, and proposes the full life cycle of dynamic logistics alliance organizational model on the basis of stage division, then the paper designs a organizational model portfolio that the dynamic logistics alliance can choose throughout the whole life and a logistics task-oriented hybrid organization topology for dynamic logistics alliance; the paper also establishes a dynamic logistics alliance contract network system, designs price floor / ceiling protection clauses and dynamic inspection clause, determines the reasonable rate of default. The paper also analyses several of the interests distribution models, proposes a dynamic logistics alliance interests distribution model based on the classification; establishes a two-stage process model for the coordination in the dynamic logistics alliance interests distribution.
(4) The paper discusses some key issues about the management of dynamic logistics alliance. The paper describes the connotation and characteristic of mutual trust relationship in the dynamic logistics alliance, uses game theory to demonstrate the necessity of mutual trust relationship, analyses the important role of trust in the dynamic logistics alliance, studies the generation mechanism of the trust relationship, and discusses its establishment model and measures. The paper also uses game theory to analyze behavior strategy between the leader and the member enterprises in the dynamic logistics alliance performance appraisal, designs a dynamic performance assessment method---dynamic logistics alliance members collaborative fuzzy performance evaluation system, establishes a integrated performance evaluation system, and analyses some corresponding index quantitative; on the perspective of dynamic, the paper combines the set theory and analytic hierarchy process to establish the dynamic logistics alliance overall performance evaluation model based on the dynamic fuzzy level comprehensive evaluation method, gives specific operational steps and application examples.
Aiming to the logistics industry development, The paper analyzes DLA's key issues about construction and operation in depth and provides corresponding solution and countermeasures, and gets effective combination of dynamic alliance thought and modern logistics management. it can provide theoretical guidance for modern logistics enterprise to constitute dynamic logistics alliance.
动态物流联盟是动态联盟理论在物流领域的扩展,其蕴藏在管理层面上的许多关键问题还远未得到充分的考虑和解决,如动态物流联盟形成的理论基础、合作伙伴的选择与优化、组织模式的设计、合作契约的设立、信任关系管理、利益分配机制的建立以及联盟绩效的考核与评价等。论文以动态物流联盟生命周期为主线,以关键问题为研究对象,综合运用现代经济学、管理学理论和数理技术对动态物流联盟构建与运作过程中涉及到的理论与方法进行了比较系统与深入的研究,初步建立了一整套适合我国国情的、操作性较强的动态物流联盟构建与运作管理理论框架,这对推动我国物流产业乃至整个国民经济的发展无疑具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。
(1)论文首先从我国物流产业发展现状入手,分析了我国目前物流产业的竞争格局,指出在目前的产业环境下第三方物流企业(特别是中小型第三方物流企业)必须走合作发展的道路,而建立有效的动态物流联盟是我国物流企业迅速提升竞争优势的最佳方式。详细论述了动态物流联盟是当前环境下第三方物流企业最有效的组织安排,我国第三方物流企业建立动态物流联盟具有特殊必要性和现实可行性。
(2)动态物流联盟形成的理论基础。阐述了动态物流联盟的内涵、特征及比较优势,并对动态物流联盟生命周期进行阶段划分;运用企业核心竞争力理论、价值链理论、资源基础理论、资源依赖理论以及交易费用理论等经济学原理对动态物流联盟产生的原因和机理进行解释。
(3)论文探讨了动态物流联盟构建的关键问题。在对合作伙伴进行分类并设立动态物流联盟经纪人的基础上,提出了动态物流联盟合作伙伴选择的四阶段过程模型:预备阶段、初选阶段、局部优选阶段和整体优化阶段,并在各阶段建立了相应的数理模型进行了较深入的
研究;分析了动态物流联盟对组织模式的要求及影响因素,继而提出基于全生命周期的动态物流联盟组织模式,给出了动态物流联盟从始至终整个生命过程可以选择的组织模式方案组合,且设计了一种以物流任务为导向的动态物流联盟混合型组织拓扑结构;建立了动态物流联盟契约网络体系,设计价格下限/上限保护条款、动态检查条款,并确定合理的违约金比率:对几种常见的利益分配模式进行分析,提出基于分类的动态物流联盟利益分配模式,并建立动态物流联盟利益分配的两阶段过程模型,实现了动态物流联盟利益分配的协调。
(4)论文对动态物流联盟运作管理的关键问题进行了研究。阐述了动态物流联盟相互信任关系的内涵及基本特征,利用博弈理论论证了动态物流联盟中相互信任关系形成的必要性,深入剖析了信任在动态物流联盟中的重要作用;研究了动态物流联盟信任关系的产生机制:探讨动态物流联盟相互信任关系的建立模式和措施。运用博弈理论分析了动态物流联盟绩效考核中盟主企业与成员企业之间的行为策略,设计了一种动态的绩效考核方法——动态物流联盟成员企业绩效协同模糊考核系统:建立了动态物流联盟综合绩效评价指标体系并进行了相应指标的量化分析;并以动态的观点,结合模糊集理论和层次分析法,提出基于动态模糊层次综合评价的动态物流联盟整体绩效评价模型,并给出了具体的操作步骤和应用实例分析。
论文针对我国物流产业发展现状,对动态物流联盟构建与运作管理中的关键问题展开深入研究,并给出相应的解决思路和对策,实现了动态联盟思想与现代物流管理的有效结合,为现代物流企业组建动态物流联盟提供理论指导。
Dynamic Logistics Alliance (DLA) is a new logistics enterprise management and organizational model under the situation of economic globalization and rapid development of information technology. After China's accession to the WTO, the area of logistics services has emerged a new competitive situation. Facing fierce competition in the logistics market and high standards of the logistics demands, more and more logistics enterprises realize that it is difficult to grasp the rapidly changing market opportunities just by the integration of their own internal resources. As an effective means of consolidating resources, Dynamic Logistics Alliance, in all aspects of its outstanding advantages, has become a realistic choice for logistics enterprises to grasp opportunities in the new situation of the logistics market.
Dynamic Logistics Alliance is an expansion of dynamic alliance theory in the logistics field , but many key management problems are far from being fully considered and resolved, such as theoretical basis of the alliance's formation, the choice and optimization of partners, the design of organizational model, and the establishment of cooperation contract, the relationship management, the distribution of benefits, the establishment of incentive and restraint mechanism, and the appraisal and evaluation of performance, etc. The article makes the life cycle of DLA as a main thread and the critical problems in building and operating DLA as subjects, adopts modern economics, management theory and mathematical techniques to study the theory and method that involving in the formation and operation DLA deeply and systematically. It also forms a set of tentative theoretical research frame of DLA construction and operation that suits our national condition and with strong operation, what we do has important theory, practical significance and can promote logistics industry development without doubt.
(1) Firstly, the paper analyses the current development and competition situation of logistics industry in China, points out that the third-party logistics enterprises (especially small and medium-sized TPL enterprises) must follow the road of cooperation in the current industry environment, concludes that establishing an effective dynamic logistics alliance is the best way for logistics enterprises to enhance competitive advantage rapidly. It also discusses detailedly that the dynamic logistics alliance is the most effective organization model for the third-party logistics companies and the establishment in China has a special necessity and realistic feasibility.
(2) The theoretical basis of dynamic logistics alliance's formation. The paper discusses connotation, characteristic and comparative advantage of dynamic logistics alliance; uses the core competitiveness of enterprises theory, the Theory of Value Chain, resource-based theory, resource dependency theory and transaction cost theory of economics to explain the formation and the principle of dynamic Logistics Alliance.
(3) The paper discusses some key issues about the construction of dynamic logistics alliance. On the basis of partner classification and the establishment of dynamic logistics alliance, the paper proposes a four-stage process model in the dynamic logistics alliance partner selection: preparation stage, primaries stage, local optimization stage and overall optimization stage, sets up a mathematical model for every stage and analyses them in detail; the paper researches the organizational model and influencing factor of the dynamic logistics alliance, and proposes the full life cycle of dynamic logistics alliance organizational model on the basis of stage division, then the paper designs a organizational model portfolio that the dynamic logistics alliance can choose throughout the whole life and a logistics task-oriented hybrid organization topology for dynamic logistics alliance; the paper also establishes a dynamic logistics alliance contract network system, designs price floor / ceiling protection clauses and dynamic inspection clause, determines the reasonable rate of default. The paper also analyses several of the interests distribution models, proposes a dynamic logistics alliance interests distribution model based on the classification; establishes a two-stage process model for the coordination in the dynamic logistics alliance interests distribution.
(4) The paper discusses some key issues about the management of dynamic logistics alliance. The paper describes the connotation and characteristic of mutual trust relationship in the dynamic logistics alliance, uses game theory to demonstrate the necessity of mutual trust relationship, analyses the important role of trust in the dynamic logistics alliance, studies the generation mechanism of the trust relationship, and discusses its establishment model and measures. The paper also uses game theory to analyze behavior strategy between the leader and the member enterprises in the dynamic logistics alliance performance appraisal, designs a dynamic performance assessment method---dynamic logistics alliance members collaborative fuzzy performance evaluation system, establishes a integrated performance evaluation system, and analyses some corresponding index quantitative; on the perspective of dynamic, the paper combines the set theory and analytic hierarchy process to establish the dynamic logistics alliance overall performance evaluation model based on the dynamic fuzzy level comprehensive evaluation method, gives specific operational steps and application examples.
Aiming to the logistics industry development, The paper analyzes DLA's key issues about construction and operation in depth and provides corresponding solution and countermeasures, and gets effective combination of dynamic alliance thought and modern logistics management. it can provide theoretical guidance for modern logistics enterprise to constitute dynamic logistics alliance.
引文
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