营养盐浓度对海洋小球藻（Chlorella sp.）叶绿素荧光及生长的影响
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摘要
海水营养盐浓度的变化,影响微藻生长,引起海洋初级生产力变化。以海洋小球藻(Chlorella sp.)为研究对象,培养条件为：温度(22±1)℃,光照强度40001x,光暗比12 h：12 h,分别设置不同的磷浓度、氮浓度、氮磷交互作用及磷恢复实验。研究不同营养盐浓度对其主要叶绿素荧光参数,最大光能转化效率(Fv／Fm)、实际光能转化效率(FPSⅡ)、电子传递速率(ETR)、非光化学淬灭(qN、NPQ),细胞密度和色素含量变化的影响。以期找到海洋小球藻最适生长的磷浓度,同时为富营养条件下微藻生长的研究提供基础资料。结果表明：
1.海洋小球藻对高浓度氮的耐受程度强,因为在高氮浓度(10.56mmol／L)培养下,海洋小球藻的荧光参数Fv／Fm、F PSⅡ、ETR处在较高水平,同时细胞密度、色素含量的增加也较其它组快,藻细胞具有较高的光合活性及细胞分裂能力。
2.高磷对海洋小球藻的影响复杂。在高磷条件下培养(434.5μmol／L),海洋小球藻的荧光参数Fv／Fm、Fv／FO、F PSⅡ、ETR处在较高水平,但细胞密度、色素含量的增加速率小于对照组。
3.低磷(3.6μmol／L)比低氮(0.088mmol／L)对海洋小球藻的光合活性影响更为剧烈。低氮条件下培养,海洋小球藻在培养的中后期荧光参数处在较低水平,但没有一直下降,而是维持在相对稳定的较低水平。低磷条件下培养的整个过程,荧光参数一直维持快速率下降。
4.低氮比低磷对海洋小球藻的细胞分裂及色素含量变化影响更明显。低氮培养时,细胞分裂及色素含量的增加严重受抑制,明显低于其它组。低磷培养时,细胞密度及色素含量均略低于对照组。
5.氮磷交互作用时,各浓度培养下参数分化清晰,高氮磷(N／P,10.56mmol／L／0.4345mmol／L)培养条件下荧光参数及传统指标均显示,藻细胞生长状态较好,低氮磷(N／P,0.088mmol／L／0.0036 mmol／L)培养时,荧光参数及传统指标的下降最迅速。
6.本研究中的低磷胁迫是可恢复的,且荧光参数对恢复的响应更为迅速。在磷重新添加后,荧光参数即出现了恢复趋势,恢复可维持两天。而细胞密度及色素含量在添加后一天才出现恢复趋势,较荧光参数的变化滞后。
The change of nutrient effect primary productive.The effect of different nutrient and P recovery on the chlorophyll fluoreseence and growth and pigment content of Chlorella sp.,were investigated.The cultures were grown at (22±1)℃,the light intensity was 40001x., under a 12:12 light:dark cycle. In order to find out the optimum growth consistency. Result showed that:
1. Chlorella sp.had better tolerated of high levels of N (10.56 mmol/L).For Chlorella sp.,the valres of chlorophyll florescence,cell growth and pigment content.all reached their highest values at 10.56 mmol/L.
2. For Chlorella sp,the effect of high concentration of P(434.5μmol/L)is complex, the value of chlorophyll florescence increased with the increase of P concentrations,reached their highest at 434.5μmol/L,but cell growth and pigment content reached their highest at 36.2μmol/L.
3. For chlorophyll florescence of Chlorella sp, the influence of low P (3.6μmol/L)more sharper than low N(0.088mmol/L). For in the condition of low P, the chlorophyll florescence maintain a high rate of decline.
4. The effect of low N on the cell growth and pigment content more marked.low N,the cell growth and pigment content singificant increases serious than other groups.While there were not significant differences between low phosphate and others.
5. In condition of high leave of NP(10.56 mmol/L/0.4345mmol/L), the chlorophyll florescence,cell growth and pigment content all increase higher than others.While,leave of low NP(0.088mmol/L/0.0036 mmol/L), the chlorophyll florescence,cell growth and pigment content significant lower than others.
6. The low P stress could recover. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed rapid recover following P addition,while the cell growth and pigment content showed recover after one day.So chlorophyⅡwere more perceptive than cell growth and pigment content.
1.海洋小球藻对高浓度氮的耐受程度强,因为在高氮浓度(10.56mmol／L)培养下,海洋小球藻的荧光参数Fv／Fm、F PSⅡ、ETR处在较高水平,同时细胞密度、色素含量的增加也较其它组快,藻细胞具有较高的光合活性及细胞分裂能力。
2.高磷对海洋小球藻的影响复杂。在高磷条件下培养(434.5μmol／L),海洋小球藻的荧光参数Fv／Fm、Fv／FO、F PSⅡ、ETR处在较高水平,但细胞密度、色素含量的增加速率小于对照组。
3.低磷(3.6μmol／L)比低氮(0.088mmol／L)对海洋小球藻的光合活性影响更为剧烈。低氮条件下培养,海洋小球藻在培养的中后期荧光参数处在较低水平,但没有一直下降,而是维持在相对稳定的较低水平。低磷条件下培养的整个过程,荧光参数一直维持快速率下降。
4.低氮比低磷对海洋小球藻的细胞分裂及色素含量变化影响更明显。低氮培养时,细胞分裂及色素含量的增加严重受抑制,明显低于其它组。低磷培养时,细胞密度及色素含量均略低于对照组。
5.氮磷交互作用时,各浓度培养下参数分化清晰,高氮磷(N／P,10.56mmol／L／0.4345mmol／L)培养条件下荧光参数及传统指标均显示,藻细胞生长状态较好,低氮磷(N／P,0.088mmol／L／0.0036 mmol／L)培养时,荧光参数及传统指标的下降最迅速。
6.本研究中的低磷胁迫是可恢复的,且荧光参数对恢复的响应更为迅速。在磷重新添加后,荧光参数即出现了恢复趋势,恢复可维持两天。而细胞密度及色素含量在添加后一天才出现恢复趋势,较荧光参数的变化滞后。
The change of nutrient effect primary productive.The effect of different nutrient and P recovery on the chlorophyll fluoreseence and growth and pigment content of Chlorella sp.,were investigated.The cultures were grown at (22±1)℃,the light intensity was 40001x., under a 12:12 light:dark cycle. In order to find out the optimum growth consistency. Result showed that:
1. Chlorella sp.had better tolerated of high levels of N (10.56 mmol/L).For Chlorella sp.,the valres of chlorophyll florescence,cell growth and pigment content.all reached their highest values at 10.56 mmol/L.
2. For Chlorella sp,the effect of high concentration of P(434.5μmol/L)is complex, the value of chlorophyll florescence increased with the increase of P concentrations,reached their highest at 434.5μmol/L,but cell growth and pigment content reached their highest at 36.2μmol/L.
3. For chlorophyll florescence of Chlorella sp, the influence of low P (3.6μmol/L)more sharper than low N(0.088mmol/L). For in the condition of low P, the chlorophyll florescence maintain a high rate of decline.
4. The effect of low N on the cell growth and pigment content more marked.low N,the cell growth and pigment content singificant increases serious than other groups.While there were not significant differences between low phosphate and others.
5. In condition of high leave of NP(10.56 mmol/L/0.4345mmol/L), the chlorophyll florescence,cell growth and pigment content all increase higher than others.While,leave of low NP(0.088mmol/L/0.0036 mmol/L), the chlorophyll florescence,cell growth and pigment content significant lower than others.
6. The low P stress could recover. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed rapid recover following P addition,while the cell growth and pigment content showed recover after one day.So chlorophyⅡwere more perceptive than cell growth and pigment content.
引文
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