利用盐酸酸洗废液制备复合亚铁絮凝剂及其性能应用研究
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摘要
酸洗废液的污染是环境保护和资源再利用的严重问题之一，本论文研究的目的就是以废治废，研制一种高效经济的复合亚铁絮凝剂，为开发利用盐酸酸洗废液提供一条新的途径。
本论文研究了复合亚铁絮凝剂的制备，实验了复合亚铁絮凝剂处理腐殖酸、高岭土、染料的模拟废水的除浊和脱色效果，考察了硅铁比、投药量、pH、温度等对复合亚铁絮凝剂性能的影响，并将其和原废酸液、硫酸亚铁、聚铁作了对比；研究了复合亚铁的电导及电泳性质，对其红外光谱进行了分析，利用透射电镜观察了复合亚铁的形貌结构。研究结果表明：复合亚铁制备工艺简便，无二次污染；处理水样时产生的矾花大，密实、沉降速度快；复合亚铁带电性为正，为阳离子型絮凝剂；复合亚铁具有较好的除浊、脱色能力，除浊率及脱色率最高分别可达95.4％及81.7％；在复合亚铁中，聚硅酸与亚铁的水解产物间存在着相互作用，合适的硅铁摩尔比有利于提高混凝效果，而且还可以降低投药成本；复合亚铁是通过氧化还原、吸附电中和及卷扫三种作用机理起混凝作用的。
复合亚铁的应用非常广泛，应用于处理电泳废水及含镍废水的实际工程中，取得了良好的效果，均可达标排放；对含Ni~(2+)、Cu~(2+)和Cr~(6+)的电镀废水，能使含Ni~(2+)、Cu~(2+)出水浓度小于0.1mg／L，Cr~(6+)未检出，还能处理数种化学镀液；对印染废水，COD去除率和脱色率可分别达到84％和98％以上。复合亚铁具有处理效果好、成本低、pH适用范围广的特点，得进一步研究和推广。
根据实验研究的结果，结合生产实际中的情况，本论文提出了复合亚铁的工业应用方案，并进行了经济效益分析。
The pollution of acid pickling waste water is one of serious problems of environmental protection and resource recycling, the aim of the paper is to produce a kind of effective and economical compound ferrous flocculant to pave a new way for the development and utilization of acid pickling waste water.
In this paper, the preparation of compound ferrous flocculant was studied, the property of turbidity and color removal by dealing with humus acid, kaolin and dyeing simulate waste water were tested, the effect of Si/Fe, dosage, pH, temperature on property of compound ferrous were also examined, and it was Compared with original acid waste water FeSO4 and PFS. The electrokinetic and conductance property were investigated, the Infrared Spectrum of compound ferrous were also analysed, the configuration of compound ferrous were examined by transmission electron microscope. The results of research showed that compound ferrous flocculant has simple preparation and not any second pollution matter is produced to the environment, it has big and stout floes formation and fast speed sedimentation while dealing with waste water, it is positively charged according to the electrophoresis, it belongs to cationic flocculant, can gives better coagulation results in turbidity removal, color removal, the maximum removal rate o
f turbidity and color are 95.4% and more than 81.7%, respectively. There are interactions between polysilicic acid and hydrolyzed ferrous species, the compound ferrous with appropriate Si/Fe not only but also can lower the water treatment cost. The compound ferrous removes colloid particles in water by charge oxidation-reduction, neutralization and furl mechanism.
The application of compound ferrous are widely, it has been successfully applied for dealing with electrophoresis waste water and foam nickel waste water, all are good enough to the requirement of the discharge standard, the results of experimental study showed that when dealing with electroplating waste water contained Ni2+, Cu2+ and Cr6+, concentration of effluent are both below 0.1mg/L for Ni2+, and Cu2+, Cr6+ is not detected; It can also dispose several chemical plating liquid waste; For dying waste water, the removal rate of COD and color are more than 84% and 98%, respectively. So this kind of coagulant should be further developed and spread with wide range of pH and better effect but lower cost.
According to the results of experiments and considering actual production, the
paper introduced application method on compound ferrous in industry and analysis of economic and benefit were also finished.
本论文研究了复合亚铁絮凝剂的制备，实验了复合亚铁絮凝剂处理腐殖酸、高岭土、染料的模拟废水的除浊和脱色效果，考察了硅铁比、投药量、pH、温度等对复合亚铁絮凝剂性能的影响，并将其和原废酸液、硫酸亚铁、聚铁作了对比；研究了复合亚铁的电导及电泳性质，对其红外光谱进行了分析，利用透射电镜观察了复合亚铁的形貌结构。研究结果表明：复合亚铁制备工艺简便，无二次污染；处理水样时产生的矾花大，密实、沉降速度快；复合亚铁带电性为正，为阳离子型絮凝剂；复合亚铁具有较好的除浊、脱色能力，除浊率及脱色率最高分别可达95.4％及81.7％；在复合亚铁中，聚硅酸与亚铁的水解产物间存在着相互作用，合适的硅铁摩尔比有利于提高混凝效果，而且还可以降低投药成本；复合亚铁是通过氧化还原、吸附电中和及卷扫三种作用机理起混凝作用的。
复合亚铁的应用非常广泛，应用于处理电泳废水及含镍废水的实际工程中，取得了良好的效果，均可达标排放；对含Ni~(2+)、Cu~(2+)和Cr~(6+)的电镀废水，能使含Ni~(2+)、Cu~(2+)出水浓度小于0.1mg／L，Cr~(6+)未检出，还能处理数种化学镀液；对印染废水，COD去除率和脱色率可分别达到84％和98％以上。复合亚铁具有处理效果好、成本低、pH适用范围广的特点，得进一步研究和推广。
根据实验研究的结果，结合生产实际中的情况，本论文提出了复合亚铁的工业应用方案，并进行了经济效益分析。
The pollution of acid pickling waste water is one of serious problems of environmental protection and resource recycling, the aim of the paper is to produce a kind of effective and economical compound ferrous flocculant to pave a new way for the development and utilization of acid pickling waste water.
In this paper, the preparation of compound ferrous flocculant was studied, the property of turbidity and color removal by dealing with humus acid, kaolin and dyeing simulate waste water were tested, the effect of Si/Fe, dosage, pH, temperature on property of compound ferrous were also examined, and it was Compared with original acid waste water FeSO4 and PFS. The electrokinetic and conductance property were investigated, the Infrared Spectrum of compound ferrous were also analysed, the configuration of compound ferrous were examined by transmission electron microscope. The results of research showed that compound ferrous flocculant has simple preparation and not any second pollution matter is produced to the environment, it has big and stout floes formation and fast speed sedimentation while dealing with waste water, it is positively charged according to the electrophoresis, it belongs to cationic flocculant, can gives better coagulation results in turbidity removal, color removal, the maximum removal rate o
f turbidity and color are 95.4% and more than 81.7%, respectively. There are interactions between polysilicic acid and hydrolyzed ferrous species, the compound ferrous with appropriate Si/Fe not only but also can lower the water treatment cost. The compound ferrous removes colloid particles in water by charge oxidation-reduction, neutralization and furl mechanism.
The application of compound ferrous are widely, it has been successfully applied for dealing with electrophoresis waste water and foam nickel waste water, all are good enough to the requirement of the discharge standard, the results of experimental study showed that when dealing with electroplating waste water contained Ni2+, Cu2+ and Cr6+, concentration of effluent are both below 0.1mg/L for Ni2+, and Cu2+, Cr6+ is not detected; It can also dispose several chemical plating liquid waste; For dying waste water, the removal rate of COD and color are more than 84% and 98%, respectively. So this kind of coagulant should be further developed and spread with wide range of pH and better effect but lower cost.
According to the results of experiments and considering actual production, the
paper introduced application method on compound ferrous in industry and analysis of economic and benefit were also finished.
引文
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