土壤源热泵蓄能系统在住宅建筑中的应用
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摘要
土壤源热泵技术因其节能和环保的显著特点,受到越来越多的关注。但其较高的初投资和需要考虑负荷平衡问题两方面的缺点限制了它的广泛应用。鉴于此,为解决土壤源热泵技术的两个难题,推动土壤源热泵技术的发展和广泛应用,本论文围绕土壤源热泵技术的优化展开了研究。
本论文对土壤源热泵的技术原理和性能特点进行了深入研究。分析比较土壤源热泵系统和几种常用采暖、空调系统的初投资组成,指出了造成土壤源热泵初投资较高的原因;同时,对冬夏负荷不均衡给土壤源热泵系统运行造成的影响进行分析,为解决土壤源热泵的两个难题,实现土壤源热泵技术的优化指明了方向。
为实现土壤源热泵技术的优化,本论文引入冰蓄冷空调技术,并对冰蓄冷空调系统的技术原理、运行模式、性能特点、经济效益等进行分析研究,其能够提高制冷机组运行效率、减少主机数量、充分利用峰谷电价降低用户费用等特点为土壤源热泵技术的优化提供了技术支持。
在对土壤源热泵技术和冰蓄冷技术深入研究的基础上,本论文提出了对土壤源热泵技术的优化方案,即将冰蓄冷技术应用到土壤源热泵系统中,形成以土壤源热泵为主、冰蓄冷为辅的土壤源热泵蓄能技术。论文对新技术的工作原理、负荷计算、运行模式、运行和控制策略、性能特点等进行探讨;并结合工程实例,对其经济效益、在夏季负荷大于冬季负荷地区的适用性等特点进行计算和分析。结果显示:与土壤源热泵系统相比,新系统不仅降低了初投资,在夏季符合大于冬季符合地区运行稳定,而且具有更高的运行效率,降低了运行费用。因此,本方案达到了对土壤源热泵技术进行优化的目的。本课题的研究对于地热资源的广泛利用和土壤源热泵技术在负荷不均衡地区的推广应用提供了一定的技术支持。
Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique is becoming more and more focus of the world's attention as a HVAC technique of energy saving and environment protection. But it abroad application is restricted for it costly first cost and the question about the need of consider load balance. Therefore, in order to solve the two problems of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique, and promote its development and application. This paper launched the optimization of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique.
This paper pays attention to the analysis and research of the principle and performance and characteristic about the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique. Compared Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system with some heating and Air-conditioning systems about the composing of the investment, received the reason of the high first cost of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system; at the same time, analyze the influence of the load imbalance between winter and summer to the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system, in order to solve the two problems of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique, realize the optimization of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system.
In order to realize the optimization of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system, this paper introduces ice storage air-conditioning system. And analyze the principle, running model, performance and characteristic, economical benefit of the ice storage air-conditioning system. The characteristic that it can enhance the running rate of the refrigerate set, cut down the mainframe, decrease the cost of consumer for the different charge standard between peak and low power, provides technical support to the optimization of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system.
Based on the research of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique and ice storage technique, this paper put forward a project for the optimization of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system. Join the ice storage technique to the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system, realize the virtues offset to each other, form the Ground-coupled Heat Pump and Energy storage technique that give priority to Ground-coupled Heat Pump. This Paper analyze the principle, load calculate, running model, running strategy, control strategy of the new system. And together with the example of project, analyze the economical benefit, the applicability in the areas that the load in summer bigger than the load in winter to the system. Result show: compared with Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system, Ground-coupled Heat Pump and Energy storage system not only cut down first cost, good running stability in the areas that the load in summer bigger than the load in winter, but also has higher running rate, decrease running cost. Therefore, this optimize project is feasible. This investigate provides supports to the utility of the terrestrial heat and the application in the area where the load is unbalance in a year about the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump.
本论文对土壤源热泵的技术原理和性能特点进行了深入研究。分析比较土壤源热泵系统和几种常用采暖、空调系统的初投资组成,指出了造成土壤源热泵初投资较高的原因;同时,对冬夏负荷不均衡给土壤源热泵系统运行造成的影响进行分析,为解决土壤源热泵的两个难题,实现土壤源热泵技术的优化指明了方向。
为实现土壤源热泵技术的优化,本论文引入冰蓄冷空调技术,并对冰蓄冷空调系统的技术原理、运行模式、性能特点、经济效益等进行分析研究,其能够提高制冷机组运行效率、减少主机数量、充分利用峰谷电价降低用户费用等特点为土壤源热泵技术的优化提供了技术支持。
在对土壤源热泵技术和冰蓄冷技术深入研究的基础上,本论文提出了对土壤源热泵技术的优化方案,即将冰蓄冷技术应用到土壤源热泵系统中,形成以土壤源热泵为主、冰蓄冷为辅的土壤源热泵蓄能技术。论文对新技术的工作原理、负荷计算、运行模式、运行和控制策略、性能特点等进行探讨;并结合工程实例,对其经济效益、在夏季负荷大于冬季负荷地区的适用性等特点进行计算和分析。结果显示:与土壤源热泵系统相比,新系统不仅降低了初投资,在夏季符合大于冬季符合地区运行稳定,而且具有更高的运行效率,降低了运行费用。因此,本方案达到了对土壤源热泵技术进行优化的目的。本课题的研究对于地热资源的广泛利用和土壤源热泵技术在负荷不均衡地区的推广应用提供了一定的技术支持。
Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique is becoming more and more focus of the world's attention as a HVAC technique of energy saving and environment protection. But it abroad application is restricted for it costly first cost and the question about the need of consider load balance. Therefore, in order to solve the two problems of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique, and promote its development and application. This paper launched the optimization of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique.
This paper pays attention to the analysis and research of the principle and performance and characteristic about the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique. Compared Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system with some heating and Air-conditioning systems about the composing of the investment, received the reason of the high first cost of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system; at the same time, analyze the influence of the load imbalance between winter and summer to the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system, in order to solve the two problems of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique, realize the optimization of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system.
In order to realize the optimization of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system, this paper introduces ice storage air-conditioning system. And analyze the principle, running model, performance and characteristic, economical benefit of the ice storage air-conditioning system. The characteristic that it can enhance the running rate of the refrigerate set, cut down the mainframe, decrease the cost of consumer for the different charge standard between peak and low power, provides technical support to the optimization of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system.
Based on the research of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump technique and ice storage technique, this paper put forward a project for the optimization of the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system. Join the ice storage technique to the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system, realize the virtues offset to each other, form the Ground-coupled Heat Pump and Energy storage technique that give priority to Ground-coupled Heat Pump. This Paper analyze the principle, load calculate, running model, running strategy, control strategy of the new system. And together with the example of project, analyze the economical benefit, the applicability in the areas that the load in summer bigger than the load in winter to the system. Result show: compared with Ground-Coupled Heat Pump system, Ground-coupled Heat Pump and Energy storage system not only cut down first cost, good running stability in the areas that the load in summer bigger than the load in winter, but also has higher running rate, decrease running cost. Therefore, this optimize project is feasible. This investigate provides supports to the utility of the terrestrial heat and the application in the area where the load is unbalance in a year about the Ground-Coupled Heat Pump.
引文
[1]江亿,薛志锋.超低能耗建筑技术及应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005,1-3
[2]裴侠风.地源热泵方案与常规中央空调方案的模糊评判研究[D].华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2005,1-14
[3]岑可法,邱坤赞,朱燕群.中国能源与环境可持续发展问题的探讨(一)[J].发电设备,2004,(5):245-250
[4]毛会敏.土壤源热泵空调系统的设计与经济性分析[D].哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2006,1-7
[5]刁乃仁,方肇洪.地埋管地源热泵技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006,1-17
[6]汪洪军.土壤源热泵系统运行特性及动态仿真研究[D].天津大学硕士学位论文,2004,2-3
[7]曾和义.U型竖直埋管地热换热器传热模型研究[D].山东建筑大学硕士学位论文,2003,1-8
[8]方肇洪.地源热泵技术不会成为建筑供热空调的主流形式[J].地源热泵专题,2007,12
[9]朱岩,杨厉,李中领.土壤源热泵的节能与技术经济分析[J].煤气与热力.2005,25(3):73-76
[10]姚杨,马最良,余延顺.土壤蓄冷与土壤耦合热泵集成系统的研究[J].流体机械.2004,32(6):48-51
[11]王美.小型冰蓄冷空调系统特性分析与实验研究[D].西安科技大学硕士学位论文,2006,1-5
[12]张欢.土壤蓄冷与耦合热泵地下埋管结构及运行模式优化[D].哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2006,1-7
[13]何崇智,张瑞权,刘世超,王卓胤.土壤源热泵特性分析及其在天津地区的应用[J].煤气与热力,2007,27(4):62-64
[14]刁乃仁,方肇洪.地源热泵——建筑节能新技术[J].建筑热能暖通空调,2004,23(3):18-23
[15]刘春燕.土壤源热泵系统供热工况模拟与实验研究[D].南京理工大学硕士学位论文,2006,1-4
[16]曹艺.地源热泵性能分析[D].太原理工大学硕士学位论文,2006,8-11
[17]Bose J E,Parker J D,McQuistion F C.Design/data manual for closed-loop ground-coupled heat pump system[M].American society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-Conditoning Engineers(ASHRAE).1985
[18]China Architecture Building Proceedings of Heat Pump Better by nature..The 7~(th)International Energy Agency Conference on Heat Pump Technologies,Beijing.2002,(5):19-22
[19]徐邦裕,陆亚俊,马最良.热泵[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003,52-68
[20]方肇洪.地源热泵技术集成及其推广应用[J].通用机械,2004,(9):13-15
[21]杨卫波,施明恒.混合地源热泵系统HGSHPS的研究[J].建筑热能通风空调,2006,25(3):20-26
[22]徐亚娟,革非.土壤源热泵的研究与应用[J].制冷与空调,2005,(4):76-79
[23]罗苏瑜.土壤蓄热与土壤源热泵集成系统的数值模拟[J].节能,2007,(6):12-15
[24]田晓霞.垂直埋管式地源热泵在办公建筑中的应用[D].天津大学硕士学位论文,2004,35-39
[25]刁乃仁,方肇洪,过增元.地源热泵空调系统得研究开发与应用[J].节能与环保[应用技术],2002,1,月刊,23-26
[26]李元旦,张旭.土壤源热泵的国内外研究和应用现状及展望[J].制冷空调与电力机械,2002,23(85):4-8
[27]严德隆,张维君.空调蓄冷应用技术[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[28]宋晓璐.冰蓄冷空调系统的经济性分析[J].西安科技大学硕士学位论文,2006,8-17
[29]张寅平,邱国.冰蓄冷研究的显著与展望[J].1997,(6):27
[30]张永铨.日本蓄能空调发展简介[J].大众用电,2002,(10):18
[31]巨永平,孙志荣.空调工程中的蓄冷技术[J].暖通空调,1995,(6):38-44
[32]刘道平.蓄冷技术及其应用现状[J].暖通空调,1995,(4):30-33
[33]朱保华.冰蓄冷空调的应用及经济分析[J].江西能源,2006,(3):1-4
[34]廖振仲.冰蓄冷空调技术及其应用现状[J].制冷与空调,2005,(3):82-86
[35]吴逸飞.冰蓄冷空调系统的优化设计与经济性分析[D].南昌大学硕士学位论文,2006,42-49
[36]D.A.Ball,B.D Fischer,D.L.Hodgett.Design Methods for Ground-source Heat Pump.ASHRAE Transactions.1983,(2B):416-440
[37]R J.Peti,J.P.Meyer.Economic Potential of Vertical Ground-source Heat Pump, Compared to Air-source air conditioners in south Africa.Energy.1998,(2):137-143
[38]龚绍博.冰蓄冷系统的控制策略[J].智能建筑与城市信息,2007,(3):32-34
[39]刘秋新,刘雅琦.冰蓄冷系统中融冰负荷变化时运行策略的研究[J].制冷技术,35(2):157-159
[40]胡松涛,张莉,王刚.太阳能地源热泵与地板辐射空调系统联合运行方式探讨[J].暖通空调,2005,35(3):41-53
[41]李先庭,李寒春,石文星.基于设计周期负荷的冰蓄冷系统设计[J].暖通空调,2007,37(5):83-88
[42]肖国锋,胡文举,姜益强,马最良.蓄能户式中央空调系统创新与研究[J].建筑热能通风空调,2007,26(1):35-39
[43]陆耀庆.实用供热空调设计手册[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994
[44]马最良,姚杨.民用建筑空调设计[S].北京:化学工业出版社,2003,17-21
[2]裴侠风.地源热泵方案与常规中央空调方案的模糊评判研究[D].华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2005,1-14
[3]岑可法,邱坤赞,朱燕群.中国能源与环境可持续发展问题的探讨(一)[J].发电设备,2004,(5):245-250
[4]毛会敏.土壤源热泵空调系统的设计与经济性分析[D].哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2006,1-7
[5]刁乃仁,方肇洪.地埋管地源热泵技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006,1-17
[6]汪洪军.土壤源热泵系统运行特性及动态仿真研究[D].天津大学硕士学位论文,2004,2-3
[7]曾和义.U型竖直埋管地热换热器传热模型研究[D].山东建筑大学硕士学位论文,2003,1-8
[8]方肇洪.地源热泵技术不会成为建筑供热空调的主流形式[J].地源热泵专题,2007,12
[9]朱岩,杨厉,李中领.土壤源热泵的节能与技术经济分析[J].煤气与热力.2005,25(3):73-76
[10]姚杨,马最良,余延顺.土壤蓄冷与土壤耦合热泵集成系统的研究[J].流体机械.2004,32(6):48-51
[11]王美.小型冰蓄冷空调系统特性分析与实验研究[D].西安科技大学硕士学位论文,2006,1-5
[12]张欢.土壤蓄冷与耦合热泵地下埋管结构及运行模式优化[D].哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2006,1-7
[13]何崇智,张瑞权,刘世超,王卓胤.土壤源热泵特性分析及其在天津地区的应用[J].煤气与热力,2007,27(4):62-64
[14]刁乃仁,方肇洪.地源热泵——建筑节能新技术[J].建筑热能暖通空调,2004,23(3):18-23
[15]刘春燕.土壤源热泵系统供热工况模拟与实验研究[D].南京理工大学硕士学位论文,2006,1-4
[16]曹艺.地源热泵性能分析[D].太原理工大学硕士学位论文,2006,8-11
[17]Bose J E,Parker J D,McQuistion F C.Design/data manual for closed-loop ground-coupled heat pump system[M].American society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-Conditoning Engineers(ASHRAE).1985
[18]China Architecture Building Proceedings of Heat Pump Better by nature..The 7~(th)International Energy Agency Conference on Heat Pump Technologies,Beijing.2002,(5):19-22
[19]徐邦裕,陆亚俊,马最良.热泵[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003,52-68
[20]方肇洪.地源热泵技术集成及其推广应用[J].通用机械,2004,(9):13-15
[21]杨卫波,施明恒.混合地源热泵系统HGSHPS的研究[J].建筑热能通风空调,2006,25(3):20-26
[22]徐亚娟,革非.土壤源热泵的研究与应用[J].制冷与空调,2005,(4):76-79
[23]罗苏瑜.土壤蓄热与土壤源热泵集成系统的数值模拟[J].节能,2007,(6):12-15
[24]田晓霞.垂直埋管式地源热泵在办公建筑中的应用[D].天津大学硕士学位论文,2004,35-39
[25]刁乃仁,方肇洪,过增元.地源热泵空调系统得研究开发与应用[J].节能与环保[应用技术],2002,1,月刊,23-26
[26]李元旦,张旭.土壤源热泵的国内外研究和应用现状及展望[J].制冷空调与电力机械,2002,23(85):4-8
[27]严德隆,张维君.空调蓄冷应用技术[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997
[28]宋晓璐.冰蓄冷空调系统的经济性分析[J].西安科技大学硕士学位论文,2006,8-17
[29]张寅平,邱国.冰蓄冷研究的显著与展望[J].1997,(6):27
[30]张永铨.日本蓄能空调发展简介[J].大众用电,2002,(10):18
[31]巨永平,孙志荣.空调工程中的蓄冷技术[J].暖通空调,1995,(6):38-44
[32]刘道平.蓄冷技术及其应用现状[J].暖通空调,1995,(4):30-33
[33]朱保华.冰蓄冷空调的应用及经济分析[J].江西能源,2006,(3):1-4
[34]廖振仲.冰蓄冷空调技术及其应用现状[J].制冷与空调,2005,(3):82-86
[35]吴逸飞.冰蓄冷空调系统的优化设计与经济性分析[D].南昌大学硕士学位论文,2006,42-49
[36]D.A.Ball,B.D Fischer,D.L.Hodgett.Design Methods for Ground-source Heat Pump.ASHRAE Transactions.1983,(2B):416-440
[37]R J.Peti,J.P.Meyer.Economic Potential of Vertical Ground-source Heat Pump, Compared to Air-source air conditioners in south Africa.Energy.1998,(2):137-143
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