向家坝水电站二期工程混凝土重力坝施工仿真与实时控制分析研究
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摘要
在大江大河上修建水利水电工程,大坝施工是控制整个水电站工期的关键项目,其施工进程和施工质量直接影响工程的建设工期和安危。高混凝土重力坝施工是一个极其复杂的动态过程,高标准、高强度的连续施工给其施工方案优化与施工实时控制提出了更高的要求。本文系统地分析了高混凝土重力坝施工系统,运用水电工程科学、计算机科学、仿真技术和系统工程理论等先进理论技术,结合向家坝水电站,提出了实现高混凝土重力坝施工仿真与实时控制分析的理论方法及其应用技术,主要获得了以下研究成果:
(1)综合考虑多种浇筑机械联合施工,提出了复杂约束条件下的高混凝土重力坝施工系统耦联分析方法,建立了以塔带机、缆机、门塔机为主的高混凝土重力坝浇筑施工仿真与实时控制数学逻辑模型,为揭示高混凝土重力坝施工过程的内在规律提供理论基础。
(2)提出了复杂机械设备配置下的高混凝土重力坝施工动态仿真与优化技术,建立了基于动态仿真的高混凝土重力坝施工进度动态实时控制机制;通过施工方案调整与施工进度实时控制方法,确定合理的施工机械配套方案,选择合理的浇筑规则和控制准则,优化施工方案,对后续方案进行及时调整与优化。
(3)基于所提出的理论方法和技术,研制开发了高混凝土重力坝施工动态仿真与实时控制(DSim_XJB)系统,该系统可进行交互式仿真与实时控制分析,为高混凝土重力坝施工方案设计与优化提供了技术平台。
结合向家坝水电站二期大坝工程关键技术问题,进行了应用分析研究,对向家坝水电站二期大坝施工进行了仿真计算、成果评价与控制分析,提出了优化施工进度的有效措施,同时获得大坝相应坝块的浇筑顺序、浇筑机械、浇筑时间等关键参数,并将复杂的施工过程用运动的三维画面形象地描述出来,使工程人员和决策者能够准确、快速获得施工系统的技术经济指标,提高了高混凝土重力坝施工组织设计和施工进度控制的水平与效率,为确定向家坝水电站二期大坝混凝土施工方案提供了技术支持。
For hydraulic and hydroelectric projects located at large rivers, the process and quality of the dam construction has a critical influence on the whole project construction. High concrete gravity dam construction is complex, dynamic and difficult. For high-standard and high-intensity continuous construction needs, it is harder to optimize and control the construction scheme in real time. In this dissertation, the construction system of high concrete gravity dam was analyzed integrally. Using the hydropower engineering science, computer science, simulation technology and system engineering theory, with Xiangjiaba hydropower project, the methods of construction simulation and real-time control for the high concrete gravity dam were proposed and carried out.
In general, the following three achievements are obtained in this dissertation:
(1) The construction features of the high concrete gravity dam under complex constrained conditions were generalized and decomposed systematacially. According to the technological process and the operating mechanism, the mathematical logic models of construction simulation and real-time control with tower belt cranes, cable cranes and gantry cranes were set up,which provides theory foundation to reveal the interal rules in the construction process of high concrete gravity dam.
(2) The principle and implementation of the construction dynamic simulation were elaborated. Then, based on the real-time simulation, the method of the construction scheme regulation and schedule control was put forward for the high concrete gravity dam. The practical scheduling control procedure of high concrete dam construction operations is brought out based on theory of cybernetics.
(3) Based on the presented methodologies and techniques, the corresponding software system DSim_XJB was developed with the Xiangjiaba project. It could accomplish the real-time interactive simulation and control of dam construction, and was an effective technical platform for analyzing construction schemes.
Using the system, the simulation computation, the result evaluation and the contronl analysis of the phase II concrete gravity dam of Xiajiaba hydropower project were completed. Finally, the effective measures of optimizing the construction progress were proposed and used to guide the practical construction. The above outcome could offer the useful technical indexes of the construction system accurately and quickly to engineers and managers, such as concreting sequences, concreting machines and concreting times of different dam blocks. The whole complex construction process was demonstrated by the 3D dynamic visualization. These results improve the level and efficiency of the construction organization design and the construction schedule control, and have provided technical supports for determining the construction scheme of the phase II concrete gravity dam of Xiajiaba hydropower project.
(1)综合考虑多种浇筑机械联合施工,提出了复杂约束条件下的高混凝土重力坝施工系统耦联分析方法,建立了以塔带机、缆机、门塔机为主的高混凝土重力坝浇筑施工仿真与实时控制数学逻辑模型,为揭示高混凝土重力坝施工过程的内在规律提供理论基础。
(2)提出了复杂机械设备配置下的高混凝土重力坝施工动态仿真与优化技术,建立了基于动态仿真的高混凝土重力坝施工进度动态实时控制机制;通过施工方案调整与施工进度实时控制方法,确定合理的施工机械配套方案,选择合理的浇筑规则和控制准则,优化施工方案,对后续方案进行及时调整与优化。
(3)基于所提出的理论方法和技术,研制开发了高混凝土重力坝施工动态仿真与实时控制(DSim_XJB)系统,该系统可进行交互式仿真与实时控制分析,为高混凝土重力坝施工方案设计与优化提供了技术平台。
结合向家坝水电站二期大坝工程关键技术问题,进行了应用分析研究,对向家坝水电站二期大坝施工进行了仿真计算、成果评价与控制分析,提出了优化施工进度的有效措施,同时获得大坝相应坝块的浇筑顺序、浇筑机械、浇筑时间等关键参数,并将复杂的施工过程用运动的三维画面形象地描述出来,使工程人员和决策者能够准确、快速获得施工系统的技术经济指标,提高了高混凝土重力坝施工组织设计和施工进度控制的水平与效率,为确定向家坝水电站二期大坝混凝土施工方案提供了技术支持。
For hydraulic and hydroelectric projects located at large rivers, the process and quality of the dam construction has a critical influence on the whole project construction. High concrete gravity dam construction is complex, dynamic and difficult. For high-standard and high-intensity continuous construction needs, it is harder to optimize and control the construction scheme in real time. In this dissertation, the construction system of high concrete gravity dam was analyzed integrally. Using the hydropower engineering science, computer science, simulation technology and system engineering theory, with Xiangjiaba hydropower project, the methods of construction simulation and real-time control for the high concrete gravity dam were proposed and carried out.
In general, the following three achievements are obtained in this dissertation:
(1) The construction features of the high concrete gravity dam under complex constrained conditions were generalized and decomposed systematacially. According to the technological process and the operating mechanism, the mathematical logic models of construction simulation and real-time control with tower belt cranes, cable cranes and gantry cranes were set up,which provides theory foundation to reveal the interal rules in the construction process of high concrete gravity dam.
(2) The principle and implementation of the construction dynamic simulation were elaborated. Then, based on the real-time simulation, the method of the construction scheme regulation and schedule control was put forward for the high concrete gravity dam. The practical scheduling control procedure of high concrete dam construction operations is brought out based on theory of cybernetics.
(3) Based on the presented methodologies and techniques, the corresponding software system DSim_XJB was developed with the Xiangjiaba project. It could accomplish the real-time interactive simulation and control of dam construction, and was an effective technical platform for analyzing construction schemes.
Using the system, the simulation computation, the result evaluation and the contronl analysis of the phase II concrete gravity dam of Xiajiaba hydropower project were completed. Finally, the effective measures of optimizing the construction progress were proposed and used to guide the practical construction. The above outcome could offer the useful technical indexes of the construction system accurately and quickly to engineers and managers, such as concreting sequences, concreting machines and concreting times of different dam blocks. The whole complex construction process was demonstrated by the 3D dynamic visualization. These results improve the level and efficiency of the construction organization design and the construction schedule control, and have provided technical supports for determining the construction scheme of the phase II concrete gravity dam of Xiajiaba hydropower project.
引文
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