AC/DC流光放电等离子体烟气脱硫实验研究
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摘要
本论文研究目标是采用气体放电等离子体和化学的方法,开发一种流光放电等离子体氨法烟气脱硫的新工艺。其创新点在于：(1)采用交直流叠加电源技术在工业规模的反应器中发生分布良好的流光放电等离子体。交直流叠加电源的开发,使得等离子体发生装置不再受制于脉冲电源所需要的高频高压开关器件,等离子体电源的大规模工业应用成为可能。(2)采用分区湿式反应流程,将氨对二氧化硫的热化学吸收过程与等离子体自由基参与的链反应过程在不同的空间进行。分区湿式反应流程使二氧化硫的吸收主要在热化学反应区进行,而在等离子体反应区完成残余二氧化硫的强化吸收、亚硫酸铵氧化、控制氨逸出以及除酸雾的过程。(3)采用等离子体液相氧化高浓度的亚硫酸盐,将四价硫氧化为六价硫。在化学吸收区,吸收液反复循环,大部分的S02通过与NH3的快速结合从气相进入液相,使生成液的亚硫酸盐浓度达到摩尔量级,再将高浓度亚硫酸盐溶液进行等离子体氧化处理,放电功率集中作用于高浓度的亚盐溶液,因此显著提高氧化速度,降低能耗。通过半工业规模烟气试验,浓度1～3mol·L-1的亚硫酸铵溶液,等离子体一次作用氧化率达20%-60%,摩尔能耗低于20Wh·mol-1,获得有实用价值的反应速率。在SO2初始浓度500～1000μl·L-1下,脱硫率>95%,系统能耗小于3.5Wh·m-3,氨逸出在5μl.L-1以下,回收物为适合农用的氮肥。湿式反应环境使流程无传统等离子体干法技术的产物粘壁和堵塞问题,实现连续稳定的工艺流程,显示出流光放电氨法脱硫工艺良好的工业应用前景。
This research aims at developing a novel streamer plasma flue gas desulfurization technological process by use of a gas discharge plasma and chemical method. Its creative points lie in (1) Using power supplies with DC superimposed with AC (AC/DC) to generate well spatially distributed streamer plasmas in industrially scaled reactors. The development of AC/DC power supply, makes the plasma generator no longer limited by the pulse power device and its large-scale industrial application possible.(2) Using a partitioned wet reactive technological process to separate the multi-cycled thermal chemical absorption region of SO2with NH3from the plasma radical chain reaction region. The absorption of SO2mainly take place in the thermal chemical absorption region, while the enhanced absorption of remainder SO2, the oxidation of ammonium sulfites, the NH3slip control and the SO3mist removal be performed in the successive plasma region.(3) Using the plasmas to oxidize the sulfites in the concentrated solution to covert the sulfites into sulfates. By use of the partitioned wet reactor the electric discharge power is concentrated to act on the concentrated sulfite solution from the absorption region, so that the oxidation speed can be increased. Through semi-industrial scaled flue gas desulfurization tests under the conditions of initial SO2concentrations within500～1000μl·L-1the desulfurization efficiency greater than95%, one-cycle oxidation efficiency of ammonium sulfite of1～3mol-L-1within20%～60%, molar energy consumption less than20Wh·mol-1, energy consumption less than3.5Wh-Nm-3, ammonia slip less than5μl·L-1and a byproduct of qualified agricultural fertilizer are obtained. The wet reactive technological process avoided the problem of the solid byproducts sticking to the walls of the plasma reactor, and the entire technological process can be kept steady and continuous. That demonstrates that the desulfurization technological process with the streamer plasma ammonia method has a favorable prospect in industrial applications.
This research aims at developing a novel streamer plasma flue gas desulfurization technological process by use of a gas discharge plasma and chemical method. Its creative points lie in (1) Using power supplies with DC superimposed with AC (AC/DC) to generate well spatially distributed streamer plasmas in industrially scaled reactors. The development of AC/DC power supply, makes the plasma generator no longer limited by the pulse power device and its large-scale industrial application possible.(2) Using a partitioned wet reactive technological process to separate the multi-cycled thermal chemical absorption region of SO2with NH3from the plasma radical chain reaction region. The absorption of SO2mainly take place in the thermal chemical absorption region, while the enhanced absorption of remainder SO2, the oxidation of ammonium sulfites, the NH3slip control and the SO3mist removal be performed in the successive plasma region.(3) Using the plasmas to oxidize the sulfites in the concentrated solution to covert the sulfites into sulfates. By use of the partitioned wet reactor the electric discharge power is concentrated to act on the concentrated sulfite solution from the absorption region, so that the oxidation speed can be increased. Through semi-industrial scaled flue gas desulfurization tests under the conditions of initial SO2concentrations within500～1000μl·L-1the desulfurization efficiency greater than95%, one-cycle oxidation efficiency of ammonium sulfite of1～3mol-L-1within20%～60%, molar energy consumption less than20Wh·mol-1, energy consumption less than3.5Wh-Nm-3, ammonia slip less than5μl·L-1and a byproduct of qualified agricultural fertilizer are obtained. The wet reactive technological process avoided the problem of the solid byproducts sticking to the walls of the plasma reactor, and the entire technological process can be kept steady and continuous. That demonstrates that the desulfurization technological process with the streamer plasma ammonia method has a favorable prospect in industrial applications.
引文
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