“百会”透“曲鬓”对脑出血急性期大鼠MMP-2、CytC、VCAM-1、NGB影响的实验研究
|
摘要
目的：研究“百会”透“曲鬓”针法对脑出血大鼠脑组织MMP-2、NGB、CytC和VCAM-1蛋白及MMP-2、NGBmRNA基因表达的影响,探讨其对脑组织的神经保护作用及可能机制,为临床应用提供实验依据。
方法：选取健康雄性SD大鼠,先随机分为三个组：假手术组、模型组和针刺组,各组又分为术后6h、1d、2d、3d、7d五个时间点,每个时相点10只大鼠。自体血脑内注射制备脑出血动物模型,然后针刺动物模型百会穴透曲鬓穴,贯穿模型动物顶额颞三区,采用多个穴位一针透刺疗法进行治疗。
采用Berderson神经体征评分法观察神经行为学变化；干湿比重法进行脑组织含水量测定；光镜观察脑组织病理形态学变化；采用免疫组化法检测脑组织中MMP-2、NGB、CytC和VCAM-1蛋白表达；采用原位杂交法检测脑组织MMP-2、NGBmRNA基因表达。
结果：
1、光镜下脑组织病理改变结果针刺组较模型组改变显著。
2、针刺组各时间点大鼠神经功能缺损体征有明显恢复,与模型组比较,1d,2d,3d,7d评分差异明显,有统计学意义,P<0.05或P<0.01。
3.针刺组各时点脑水含量均小于模型组相应时间点,与模型组比较,其中1d,2d,3d,7d有统计学意义,P<0.05或P<0.01。
4.模型组各时间点CytC蛋白表达随时间增长而升高,1d时达高峰,随后逐渐下降,7d时仍高于假手术组,与假手术比较有统计学意义,P<0.01。针刺治疗后,各时间点大鼠脑组织中CytC蛋白表达明显降低,与同时间点模型组比较,有统计学意义,P<0.01。
5.模型组各时间点VCAM-1蛋白表达随时间增长而增强,2d时达高峰,随后逐渐下降,7d时仍高于假手术组,与假手术比较有统计学意义,P<0.01。针刺治疗后,各时间点大鼠脑组织中VCAM-1蛋白表达明显降低,与同时间点模型组比较,有统计学意义,P<0.01。
6.模型组各时间点MMP-2蛋白和MMP-2 mRNA基因表达随时间增长而增强,1d时达高峰,随后逐渐下降,7d时仍高于假手术组,与假手术比较有统计学意义,P<0.01。针刺治疗后,各时间点大鼠脑组织中MMP-2蛋白和MMP-2mRNA基因表达明显降低,与同时间点模型组比较,有统计学意义,P<0.01。
7.模型组各时间点NGB蛋白和NGBmRNA基因表达随时间增长而增强,1d时达高峰,随后逐渐下降,7d时仍高于假手术组,与假手术比较有统计学意义, P<0.01。针刺治疗后,各时间点大鼠脑组织中NGB蛋白和NGBmRNA基因表达明显升高,与同时间点模型组比较,有统计学意义,P<0.01。
结论：
1.“百会”透“曲鬓”针法能够显著降低脑组织含水量,减轻脑组织水肿,改善脑组织病理学损伤状态,从而改善了大鼠脑出血不同时间的神经功能损伤症状。
2.“百会”透“曲鬓”针法能够抑制脑出血大鼠脑组织CytC蛋白表达,减少神经细胞的凋亡,从而起到神经元保护作用。
3.“百会”透“曲鬓”针法能够抑制脑出血大鼠脑组织VCAM-1蛋白表达,保证脑血管内皮细胞的完整性,减轻炎症级联反应所引起的脑水肿。
4.“百会”透“曲鬓”针法能够抑制脑出血大鼠脑组织MMP-2蛋白和MMP-2 mRNA基因表达,从而减轻脑出血对基底膜及细胞外基质的降解。
5.“百会”透“曲鬓”针法能够提高脑出血大鼠脑组织NGB蛋白和NGBmRNA基因表达,改善脑组织缺血、缺氧状态,从而对神经细胞起到保护作用。
Objective:Observe the expression of MMP-2、NGB、CytC and VCAM-1 protein inintracerebral hemorrhage in rat brain through "Baihui" Acupuncture "QuBin" to explore the brain tissue Neuroprotective effects and possible mechanisms to provide experimental basis for clinical application.
Methods:SD male rats were first randomly divided into three groups:sham operation groups, model groups and the acupuncture groups, each group was divided after 6h, 1d,2d,3d, 7d, every point included 10 rats. Preparation of autologous blood injection ICH model through the use of acupuncture Baihui QuBin hole in the head through the top three frontal and temporal area,using a needle through the multi-point method of treatment.
Using Berderson to estimate neurological signs of nerve behavior change; wet and dry weight method for determination of brain tissue water content; observing pathological changes in brain tissue; MMP-2, NGB, CytC and VCAM-1 protein expression were detected by immunohistochemistry in brain tissue; by in situ hybridization detection of brain tissue MMP-2, NGBmRNA gene expression.
Results:
1.Under the light microscope, in the acupuncture group,the results of brain tissue pathological changes compared with model group changed significantly.
2.The acupuncture group at each time point signs of neurological deficit in rats significantly restored, compared with the model group, 1d,2d,3d,7d had significant differences, with statistical significance, P<0.05 or P<0.01.
3. Acupuncture group at each time point brain water content was less than model group at corresponding time points, compared with model group, 1d,2d,3d,7d was statistically significant, P<0.05 or P<0.01.
4. Model group at different time points CytC protein expression increased over time, 1d reached the peak, then decreased gradually,7d, remains higher than the sham group with sham operation was statistically significant, P<0.01. Acupuncture treatment, at each time point CytC rat brain protein expression was significantly reduced, and compared the model group at the same time, was statistically significant, P<0.01.
5. Model group at different time points the expression of VCAM-1 protein enhanced the growth over time,2d reached the peak, then decreased gradually,7d, remains higher than the sham group with sham operation was statistically significant, P<0.01. Acupuncture treatment, at each time point in rat brain expression of VCAM-1 protein was significantly reduced, and the same time the model group, was statistically significant, P<0.01.
6. Model group at each time point MMP-2 protein and MMP-2 mRNA expression increased, 1d reached the peak, then decreased gradually,7d, remains higher than the sham group, compared with the sham operation was statistically significant, P<0.01. Acupuncture treatment, at each time point in rat brain tissue MMP-2 protein and gene expression of MMP-2mRNA significantly lower, with the same time the model group, was statistically significant, P<0.01.
7. Model group at different time points and NGBmRNA NGB protein expression increased, Id reached the peak, then decreased gradually,7d, remains higher than the sham group with sham operation was statistically significant, P<0.01. Acupuncture treatment, at each time point in the NGB protein in rat brain gene expression and NGBmRNA significantly increased, at the same time the model group, was statistically significant, P<0.01.
Conclusion:
1. "Baihui" through "QuBin" acupuncture can significantly reduce brain water content, reduce the brain edema and improve the state of brain tissue pathological damage, thereby improving cerebral hemorrhage in different time symptoms of neurological damage.
2."Baihui" through "QuBin" Acupuncture can inhibit CytC during intracerebral hemorrhage in rat brain, reduce neuronal apoptosis.
3."Baihui" through "QuBin" Acupuncture can inhibit intracerebral hemorrhage in rat brain expression of VCAM-1, to ensure the integrity of brain vascular endothelial cells, reducing the inflammatory cascade caused by cerebral edema.
4."Baihui" through "QuBin" Acupuncture can inhibit intracerebral hemorrhage in rat brain MMP-2 protein and MMP-2 mRNA gene expression, thereby reducing cerebral hemorrhage degradation on the basement membrane and extracellular matrix
5."Baihui" through "QuBin" Acupuncture can improve the rat brain hemorrhage NGBmRNA NGB protein and gene expression, to improve cerebral ischemia, hypoxia, and thus play a protective role in nerve cells.
方法：选取健康雄性SD大鼠,先随机分为三个组：假手术组、模型组和针刺组,各组又分为术后6h、1d、2d、3d、7d五个时间点,每个时相点10只大鼠。自体血脑内注射制备脑出血动物模型,然后针刺动物模型百会穴透曲鬓穴,贯穿模型动物顶额颞三区,采用多个穴位一针透刺疗法进行治疗。
采用Berderson神经体征评分法观察神经行为学变化；干湿比重法进行脑组织含水量测定；光镜观察脑组织病理形态学变化；采用免疫组化法检测脑组织中MMP-2、NGB、CytC和VCAM-1蛋白表达；采用原位杂交法检测脑组织MMP-2、NGBmRNA基因表达。
结果：
1、光镜下脑组织病理改变结果针刺组较模型组改变显著。
2、针刺组各时间点大鼠神经功能缺损体征有明显恢复,与模型组比较,1d,2d,3d,7d评分差异明显,有统计学意义,P<0.05或P<0.01。
3.针刺组各时点脑水含量均小于模型组相应时间点,与模型组比较,其中1d,2d,3d,7d有统计学意义,P<0.05或P<0.01。
4.模型组各时间点CytC蛋白表达随时间增长而升高,1d时达高峰,随后逐渐下降,7d时仍高于假手术组,与假手术比较有统计学意义,P<0.01。针刺治疗后,各时间点大鼠脑组织中CytC蛋白表达明显降低,与同时间点模型组比较,有统计学意义,P<0.01。
5.模型组各时间点VCAM-1蛋白表达随时间增长而增强,2d时达高峰,随后逐渐下降,7d时仍高于假手术组,与假手术比较有统计学意义,P<0.01。针刺治疗后,各时间点大鼠脑组织中VCAM-1蛋白表达明显降低,与同时间点模型组比较,有统计学意义,P<0.01。
6.模型组各时间点MMP-2蛋白和MMP-2 mRNA基因表达随时间增长而增强,1d时达高峰,随后逐渐下降,7d时仍高于假手术组,与假手术比较有统计学意义,P<0.01。针刺治疗后,各时间点大鼠脑组织中MMP-2蛋白和MMP-2mRNA基因表达明显降低,与同时间点模型组比较,有统计学意义,P<0.01。
7.模型组各时间点NGB蛋白和NGBmRNA基因表达随时间增长而增强,1d时达高峰,随后逐渐下降,7d时仍高于假手术组,与假手术比较有统计学意义, P<0.01。针刺治疗后,各时间点大鼠脑组织中NGB蛋白和NGBmRNA基因表达明显升高,与同时间点模型组比较,有统计学意义,P<0.01。
结论：
1.“百会”透“曲鬓”针法能够显著降低脑组织含水量,减轻脑组织水肿,改善脑组织病理学损伤状态,从而改善了大鼠脑出血不同时间的神经功能损伤症状。
2.“百会”透“曲鬓”针法能够抑制脑出血大鼠脑组织CytC蛋白表达,减少神经细胞的凋亡,从而起到神经元保护作用。
3.“百会”透“曲鬓”针法能够抑制脑出血大鼠脑组织VCAM-1蛋白表达,保证脑血管内皮细胞的完整性,减轻炎症级联反应所引起的脑水肿。
4.“百会”透“曲鬓”针法能够抑制脑出血大鼠脑组织MMP-2蛋白和MMP-2 mRNA基因表达,从而减轻脑出血对基底膜及细胞外基质的降解。
5.“百会”透“曲鬓”针法能够提高脑出血大鼠脑组织NGB蛋白和NGBmRNA基因表达,改善脑组织缺血、缺氧状态,从而对神经细胞起到保护作用。
Objective:Observe the expression of MMP-2、NGB、CytC and VCAM-1 protein inintracerebral hemorrhage in rat brain through "Baihui" Acupuncture "QuBin" to explore the brain tissue Neuroprotective effects and possible mechanisms to provide experimental basis for clinical application.
Methods:SD male rats were first randomly divided into three groups:sham operation groups, model groups and the acupuncture groups, each group was divided after 6h, 1d,2d,3d, 7d, every point included 10 rats. Preparation of autologous blood injection ICH model through the use of acupuncture Baihui QuBin hole in the head through the top three frontal and temporal area,using a needle through the multi-point method of treatment.
Using Berderson to estimate neurological signs of nerve behavior change; wet and dry weight method for determination of brain tissue water content; observing pathological changes in brain tissue; MMP-2, NGB, CytC and VCAM-1 protein expression were detected by immunohistochemistry in brain tissue; by in situ hybridization detection of brain tissue MMP-2, NGBmRNA gene expression.
Results:
1.Under the light microscope, in the acupuncture group,the results of brain tissue pathological changes compared with model group changed significantly.
2.The acupuncture group at each time point signs of neurological deficit in rats significantly restored, compared with the model group, 1d,2d,3d,7d had significant differences, with statistical significance, P<0.05 or P<0.01.
3. Acupuncture group at each time point brain water content was less than model group at corresponding time points, compared with model group, 1d,2d,3d,7d was statistically significant, P<0.05 or P<0.01.
4. Model group at different time points CytC protein expression increased over time, 1d reached the peak, then decreased gradually,7d, remains higher than the sham group with sham operation was statistically significant, P<0.01. Acupuncture treatment, at each time point CytC rat brain protein expression was significantly reduced, and compared the model group at the same time, was statistically significant, P<0.01.
5. Model group at different time points the expression of VCAM-1 protein enhanced the growth over time,2d reached the peak, then decreased gradually,7d, remains higher than the sham group with sham operation was statistically significant, P<0.01. Acupuncture treatment, at each time point in rat brain expression of VCAM-1 protein was significantly reduced, and the same time the model group, was statistically significant, P<0.01.
6. Model group at each time point MMP-2 protein and MMP-2 mRNA expression increased, 1d reached the peak, then decreased gradually,7d, remains higher than the sham group, compared with the sham operation was statistically significant, P<0.01. Acupuncture treatment, at each time point in rat brain tissue MMP-2 protein and gene expression of MMP-2mRNA significantly lower, with the same time the model group, was statistically significant, P<0.01.
7. Model group at different time points and NGBmRNA NGB protein expression increased, Id reached the peak, then decreased gradually,7d, remains higher than the sham group with sham operation was statistically significant, P<0.01. Acupuncture treatment, at each time point in the NGB protein in rat brain gene expression and NGBmRNA significantly increased, at the same time the model group, was statistically significant, P<0.01.
Conclusion:
1. "Baihui" through "QuBin" acupuncture can significantly reduce brain water content, reduce the brain edema and improve the state of brain tissue pathological damage, thereby improving cerebral hemorrhage in different time symptoms of neurological damage.
2."Baihui" through "QuBin" Acupuncture can inhibit CytC during intracerebral hemorrhage in rat brain, reduce neuronal apoptosis.
3."Baihui" through "QuBin" Acupuncture can inhibit intracerebral hemorrhage in rat brain expression of VCAM-1, to ensure the integrity of brain vascular endothelial cells, reducing the inflammatory cascade caused by cerebral edema.
4."Baihui" through "QuBin" Acupuncture can inhibit intracerebral hemorrhage in rat brain MMP-2 protein and MMP-2 mRNA gene expression, thereby reducing cerebral hemorrhage degradation on the basement membrane and extracellular matrix
5."Baihui" through "QuBin" Acupuncture can improve the rat brain hemorrhage NGBmRNA NGB protein and gene expression, to improve cerebral ischemia, hypoxia, and thus play a protective role in nerve cells.
引文
[1]戴自英,等.实用内科学.人民卫生出版社,1991,8,2030
[2]吕士君,焦久存,牛玉国.脑出血中医病因病机之古今[J].辽宁中医杂志,2007,34(11)：1541
[3]赵佳辉.“百会”透“曲鬓”对脑出血急性期大鼠NSE、EAA、BDNF影响的实验研究.黑龙江中医药大学博士毕业论文,2008
[4]韩纯庆.试述中风病的三次突破性进展[J].中医药学报,1994,(02):9-11
[5]贾志强.大鼠脑出血后脑组织内GLUTI及GLUT1mRNA的变化与头穴针刺影响的实验研究.黑龙江中医药大学硕士毕业论文,2007
[6]谢道珍,杨卫斌,窦淑荣,等.中医药为主治疗出血性中风235例临床观察[J].中医杂志,1993,34(2)：92
[7]林秀文,孙西周,于新田,等.中西医结合救治急性出血性中风47例[J].中西医结合实用临床急救,1997,4(11):526
[8]刘金民,王永炎,王忽娜.251例急性期中风症证侯的病理学基础分析[J].北京中医药大学报,1994,(17)4:30-31
[9]邬佐莉,黄启金.辨治急性出血性中风52例[J].辽宁中医杂志,1994,21(5):21
[10]邱全.辨证分型治疗急性脑出血80例[J].陕西中医,2001,22(2):71-73
[11]凌玲.清开灵注射液合辨证论治急性少量脑出血的疗效观察[J].河北中医,2003,25(2)：103-104
[12]戴娟.镇肝熄风汤配合西药治疗急性脑出血的临床观察[J].湖南中医学院学报,1998,18(2)：60-61
[13]赵玉荣.熄风汤为主治疗脑出血急性期临床观察[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1993,13(11)：679
[14]兰东辉.中西医结合治疗86例急性脑出血临床观察[J].江西中医药,1997,28(6):47
[15]张学文.中西医结合治疗脑出血53例[J].中医研究,1995,8(5):29-30
[16]周菊明.羚羊钩藤汤加味治疗出血性卒中23例[J].新中医,1994,26(9):38
[17]单振友,张龙生.羚茅汤治疗急性出血性脑中风72例临床观察[J].北京中医,1997,16(6)：23-24
[18]梁清华.平肝熄风汤治疗急性脑溢血肝阳化风证的临床观察[J].湖南医科大学学报,1992,17(3)：235-238
[19]管民俭.镇肝熄风汤加减治疗出血性脑卒中46例[J].陕西中医,2006,27(7):822
[20]钟炳武.活血熄风通络汤治疗脑出血后脑水肿的临床研究[J].新中医,2007,39(4)：47-48.
[21]刘祥桢,陈凯玲.中西医结合抢救重症脑溢血92例[J].湖南中医杂志,1994,10(1):27
[22]梁清华.平肝熄风汤治疗脑溢血患者的生活质量观察[J].湖南医科大学学报.1996,21(5)：403-405
[23]贺仲华,候昌苓,崔洪,等.熄风醒脑汤合抗栓酶Ⅲ号治疗出血性中风60例临床观察[J].中国中医急症,1994,3(4):155-156
[24]杨金生.中风病防治研究[M].中医古籍出版社.1999,242
[25]王玉珊.通腑泻热法治疗脑出血急性期44例临床观察[J].河南中医.1998,370-371
[26]孟宪芹,王传军.通腑法治疗脑出血[J].陕西中医.1995,16(9):403-404
[27]杜宝新,黄培新,黄燕,等.中西医结合治疗高血压急性脑出血的临床观察[J].广西医学.1997,19(6):1078
[28]申锦林.冰黄液直肠滴注治疗急性脑出血的疗效观察[J].中医药研究.1998,14(1)：27-28
[29]候清倩.大黄在脑出血急性期的应用[J].青海医药杂志.1996,26(11):23-24
[30]吴艳华.通腑泄热豁痰法治疗急性脑出血42例疗效观察[J].新中医,2003,35(12)：35-36
[31]黄爱华.辨证通腑治疗中风病急性期96例疗观察[J].广西中医学院学报,2001,1(18)：47-49
[32]钱荣江.活血通腑法治疗高血压性脑出血急性期48例[J].中医药学刊,2004,22(1):161
[33]王兵.活血化痰法治疗脑出血急性期32例[J].辽宁中医杂志,2003,30(10):824
[34]李洁霞.早期运用活血化瘀法治疗中小量高血压性脑出血38例疗效观察.新中医,2004,36(4)：18-19
[35]何武,王恰如,曾祥发,等.活血化瘀药治疗脑出血后脑水肿的实验研究进展[J].血栓与止血学,2006,12(4):183-185
[36]倪渝鲲,王苹.血塞通治疗急性脑出血的临床观察[J].中国基层医药,2006,13(3):480-481
[37]李奀妹,欧阳永红.脑出血疾病早期活血化瘀的近期临床疗效观察[J].中华现代中医学杂志,2006,2(3):219-221
[38]王卫民.早期应用血栓通治疗高血压脑出血疗效观察[J].湖北中医杂志,2006, 28(3)：32-33
[39]马云枝,庄志江,张丽红.活血化瘀法治疗急性高血压性脑出血64例[J].陕西中医,2006,27(2)：163-165
[40]尹宝光.水蛭对实验性脑部血肿及皮下血肿的影响[J].中西医结合杂志,1986,6(7)：407
[41]顾维明.浅谈脑出血急性期活血化瘀药的应用[J].中国中医急症,2004,13(6):398
[42]沈卫平,王志贤,樊蓥,等.超早期应用复方丹参注射液结合西药基础疗法治疗脑出血的临床观察[J].南京中医药大学学报,1997,13(1):15
[43]吴岳洲,蔡鸿,于娜,等.刺五加注射液治疗脑出血临床评价[J].中医杂志,1998,39(4)：213-214
[44]况时祥.活血化瘀药治疗脑出血急性期探要[J].中医药学刊,2004,22(8):1513-1514
[45]常诚.刍议脑出血活血化瘀治疗的影响因素[J].河北中医,2003,25(3):192-193
[46]周丽仙.中西医结合治疗中风痰证50例临床观察[J].江西中医药,1997,28(6):48
[47]任继学,任玺洁,王中男,等.中风病急性期的中医药辨证治疗附1637例临床观察[J].中国中医急症,1995,4(2)：63-64
[48]曹晓岚.脑CT动态观察下运用清开灵注射液治疗脑出血临床研究[J].北京中医药大学学报,1994,17(1):27
[49]谢芳,董建.临中西医结合治疗脑出血39例临床观察[J].湖南中医药导报,2001,7(10)：499-500,502
[50]陈绍宏,攻晓云,刘永家,等.逐瘀化痰口服液治疗急性脑出血的临床及实验研究[J].中国中医急诊,1995,4(2):58
[51]虢周科.逐瘀化痰汤对脑出血急性期患者颅内压影响的临床与实验研究[J].中医杂志,1997,38(11):662-665
[52]吕希玉,孔荣,王家风.清开灵治疗高血压脑出血术后高热、昏迷的临床研究[J].北京中医药大学学报[J].中医临床版,2003,10(3):4-6
[53]焦顺发.头针[M].山西人民出版社,1982,1
[54]焦顺发,杜全枝,上官海水,等.头针治疗脑血栓形成(急性期)44例临床观察[J].山西中医,1988,4(4):37
[55]张惠琴.60例中风后遗症患者的头针治疗[J].临床神经病学杂志,1997,10(4):220
[56]靳瑞,赖新生,李艳慧,等.颞三针治疗中风后遗症的临床观察[J].中国针灸,1993,13(1)：11
[57]李菊艳,杜宏斌.头针与颞三针交替治疗早期中风40例[J].陕西中医,2002,23(8):733-734
[58]杨化冰.早期针刺治疗缺血性中风的临床观察[J].湖北中医学院学报,2001,3(3):38
[59]马松涛.头针治疗中风偏瘫的临床观察[J].河北中医,1993,15(1):28.
[60]王立群.头针治疗中风的临床观察[J].上海针灸杂志,1999,18(5)：11-12
[61]石宪.透刺传统头穴与运动区治疗中风偏瘫的比较[J].针灸学报,1989,(02):14
[62]王国祥,刘凡,赵风兰,等.头针对缺血性中风临床疗效的判定[J].中国针灸,1993,13(5)：4.
[63]房丽,于致顺.头穴针刺的不同刺激量对急性脑梗塞的肌力恢复的影响[J].针灸临床杂志,1995,11(5):37
[64]唐强,郭艳芹,田晓彦,等.头穴丛刺长留针法治疗急性脑梗死的临床观察[J].针灸临床杂志,2001,17(11):57
[65]金完成,詹欣荣,潘玲玲,等.头双针治疗脑血管意外的定位及手法研究[J].中国针灸,1993,13(4)：1
[66]周建伟.头针徐疾补泻法与捻针法治疗中风的对比观察[J].中国针灸,1997,17(3):139
[67]董建武,鲍春龄,公维志.头穴透刺提高急性高血压性脑出血疗效的临床观察[J].中医药临床杂志,2006,18(4):341-342
[68]王彪,于晓红,田淑贤,等.针刺头部运动带治疗中风76例临床观察及机理探讨[J].针灸临床杂志,1994,10(3):19-20.
[69]孙申田,李淑荣,朱永志,等.针刺百会曲鬓治疗脑血管偏瘫500例临床研究[J].中国针灸,1984,4(5):4-5
[70]东贵荣,于致顺,石宪.头穴透刺治疗偏瘫的研究近况[J].针灸学报,1992,8(1):54-57
[71]孙远征.于致顺.双侧通天和前神聪透悬厘穴对中风偏瘫病人肌力的变化观察[J].中医药学报,1986,(3):19
[72]张明孝.头针治疗中风后遗半身不遂[J].针灸临床杂志,1999,15(8):13
[73]王立群.头针治疗中风的临床研究[J].上海针灸杂志,1999,10(5):11-12
[74]刘进光,陈静操,江永生.头针治疗脑血管疾病100例[J].上海针灸杂志,1991,(4):8
[75]贾怀玉,王瑞义,刘光泗,等.头针治疗中风偏瘫[J].上海针灸杂志,1993,12(4):148
[76]俞同桥.头针意念导引法治疗中风偏瘫[J].上海针灸杂志,1992,11(4):12
[77]周健伟,张凡.头皮针治疗中风207例疗效观察[J].中国针灸,1993,13(6):3
[78]东贵荣,张宣,李丹,等.头针刺治疗急性高血压性脑出血的临床对比研究[J].中国针灸,1994,14(6)：13
[79]李云琴,张熙,王苏,等.头针配合药物治疗脑血病59例疗效分析[J].中国针灸,1994,14(5)：13
[80]李涛,赵建国,田桂杰,等.针刺对高血压脑出血术后病人神经功能的影响[J].中国针灸,2006,26(4):247-249
[81]唐兴江,余秋群,王玉红,等.早期针刺治疗对小量丘脑出血预后的影响[J].四川医学,2005,26(11)：1236-1237
[82]张树源,鲍春玲,东贵荣,等.头穴透刺治疗急性高血压性脑出血神经功能缺损的临床研究[J].针灸临床杂志,2005,21(3):12-13
[83]赖芳山,叶成亮,阎润茗,等.益气活血针法治疗缺血性中风32例[J].中国中西结合杂志,1991,12(8):216
[84]于效顺,包向阳,张玉琴,等.头穴改善偏瘫病人肌力效应的时间动态观察[J].针灸学报,1991,(1):39
[85]戚丽宜,张仲微,赵桂兰,等.针剌治疗脑梗塞及其血液流变学指标的观察[J].中西结合杂志,1986,(12):730
[86]石学敏,李苹,阎莉,等.针刺治疗中风病的临床研究[J].中国针灸杂志,1992,11(4):4
[87]张秀芳.针刺治疗中风偏瘫116例疗效观察[J].中国针灸,1994,14(8):26
[88]汪杰平,宛平,玉智.电针加埋线治疗中枢性偏瘫108观察[J].中国针灸,1997,17(1):9
[89]李华安,风岚,惠林,等.TC-ⅢA型瘫痪治疗机治疗脑血管病瘫痪60例[J].上海针灸杂志,1994,13(1):23
[90]彭静山,李云香.眼针为主治疗中风167例观察[J].中国针灸,1987,7(6):23
[91]王超为,宋曼原.针刺“舌根三针”治疗中枢性失语48例疗效观察[J].针灸临床杂志,1996,11(5)：21
[92]叶晓翔.舌针治疗中风失语15例[J].上海针灸杂志,1997,16(6):29
[93]黄晓洁,李风山,王玉玲,等.眼针治疗中风后遗症的临床观察[J].上海针灸杂志,1996,15(5)：17
[94]王进,高晓红.烧山火手法治疗中风肢体功能障碍49例[J].中国针灸,1992,12(2):33
[95]周长山,吴祥林,刘裕民,等.苍龟探穴法针刺极泉对中风上肢功能的影响[J].上海针灸杂志,1992,11(2):14
[96]石学敏.针刺治疗中风病临床观察研究[J].上海针灸杂志,1992,11(4):4
[97]胡国强,石学敏.“醒脑开窍法”治疗中风手法量学的基础研究[J].中国针灸,1992,12(2)：33
[98]王新明.针灸治疗偏瘫480例临床观察[J].中国针灸,1987,6(6):43
[99]戚丽宜,胡金凯,方德润,等.针刺对脑梗塞患者血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的影响[J].中西结合杂志,1987,7(8):467
[100]石学敏.中风病与醒脑开窍针刺法[M].天津科学技术出版社,1998,323-325
[101]靳森,侯文静.针刺治疗高血压性脑出血早期96例[J].山东中医药,2002,21(6):347-348
[102]杨毅红,吴绪平,孙国杰.早期电针治疗缺血性与出血性中风头颅CT分析[J].中国针灸,1999,19(6):325-327
[103]杨桐,苏平,王丽波.针刺配合药物治疗脑出血疗效观察[J].针灸临床杂志,2004,20(11)：21
[104]钟奇,马瑞林.针刺对缺血性脑血管病患者脑血流量的影响[J].辽宁中医杂志,1991,(8)：11
[105]李艳慧,靳瑞.三种不同针法治疗脑血管意外后遗症的研究[J].中国针灸,1993,13(4)：35-38
[106]赵建琪,蔡林青,于金栋,等.针刺风池,太冲对30例中风病人脑血流图的影响[J].河南中医,1990,10(4):20-21
[107]李忠仁,陆念祖,盛灿若,等.针刺治疗中风高过氧化脂质血症的临床研究[J].上海针灸杂志,1991,(1):18
[108]李箐,肖建华,东贵荣.脑出血急性期头针治疗的研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1999,19(4)：203-204
[109]黄文川,刘丽莉,赵跃,等.针刺对多发性脑梗塞痴呆患者脑电图的影响[J].针灸临床杂志,1992,8(2)：13
[110]王启根,目时弘文,金津武道,等.针刺治疗脑卒中后遗症血浆儿茶酚胺的变化[J].中风与神经疾病杂志,1988,5(4):200
[111]丁为国,李丽欣,许红,等.针刺百会穴对急性脑血肿大鼠局部脑血流量的影响[J].上海针灸杂志.2003,22(5):7.
[112]邢艳丽,杜莹莹.头穴针刺次数对中风病人血液流变学的影响[J].中国针灸,1994,14(4)：37-38
[113]周继曾,张存生,李力,等.醒脑开窍针刺治疗中风后遗症的临床研究[J].中国针灸,1995,15(3)：6-8
[114]王舒,石学敏.“醒脑开窍”针刺法治疗中风先兆的血液流变学观察[J].针灸临床杂志,1995,11(6):25
[115]谌剑飞,魏稼.急性老年性脑梗塞针刺治疗的血液流变学研究及其疗效评价[J].江西中医药,1993,24(6):48
[116]李箐,肖建华,东贵荣.脑出血急性期头针治疗的研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1999,19(4)：203-204
[117]王洪生,于庆麟.“动中求动”针刺疗法治疗中风偏瘫200例[J].针灸临床杂志,1997,13(1)：56
[118]陈静操,江永生,湛业华,等.头皮针法对中风偏瘫治疗前后血液流变学变化的观察[J].泸州医学院学报,1990,(2):103-106
[119]刘进先,陈静操,江永生.头针治疗脑血管疾病100例[J].上海针灸杂志,1991,10(4)：8-9
[120]东贵荣,王钊,吴宝柱.头穴治疗急性脑出血即刻效应的机理探讨(Ⅰ):针刺对体感诱发电位的影响[J].中国针灸,1994,14(2):26-27(54)
[121]张惠琴.60例中风后遗症患者的头针治疗[J].临床神经病学杂志,1997,10(4):220
[122]牟淑兰,孙秀兰,宋春莉.针刺头部穴区对脑干诱发电位影响的研究[J].辽宁中医杂志,1994,21(4)：185-187
[123]姜椒云,杜晶,东贵荣.头穴针刺治疗急性脑卒中的临床免疫学研究[J].黑龙江中医药,2001,(1):53-54
[124]候瑜,高书荣,赵稼薇.针刺对中风病人免疫功能的影响[J].上海针灸杂志,2001,20(3)：16-17
[125]方邦江,周爽,王升旭,等.急性脑出血患者针刺治疗前后血TNF-α、NSE水平变化的观察[J].新中医,2002,34,(12):44-45
[126]邹伟,史榕荇,于学平.针刺对急性高血压脑出血大鼠HSP70mRNA表达的调整作用[J].中医药学报,2003,31(1):46-47
[127]戴高中,陈跃来,顾法隆.电针对脑出血模型大鼠脑组织一氧化氮、内皮素、总抗氧化能力的影响[J].中国针灸,2002,22(7):488-489
[128]邹伟,王茉蕾,于学平.针刺对急性高血压脑出血大鼠血浆ET和CGRP调整作用[J].针灸临床杂志,2003,19(2):50-51
[129]刘莉,钱家骏,胡加跃,等.醒脑健神胶囊、清开灵注射液对急性脑出血大鼠脑含水量、离子含量B自由基代谢的影响[J].北京中医药大学学报,1997,20(1):38-39.
[130]彭家仪,马志忠.脑水肿的诊断与治疗[M].北京：人民军医出版社,1996,31-57
[131]王迪询.病理生理学[M].北京人民卫生出版杜,1994,398
[132]范家骏,赵国欣.血液流变学基础与临床[M].陕西科学技术出版社,1995,158
[133]罗松,廖方正,王秀英.针刺对家兔脑出血急性期超氧化物歧化酶的影响[J].针灸临床杂志,2003,19(4):53-54
[134]Schellinger PD,Fiebach JB,Hoffmann K,et al.Stroke MRI in intracerebral hemorrhage:is there a perhemorrhagic penumbra[J].Stroke,2003,34:1674-1679
[135]Yanaka K,Meguro K,Fujca K,et al.Immediate surgery reduces mortalty in deeply comatose patients with spontaneous cerebetar hemorrhage.Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo),2000,40:295-300
[136]Yang GY,Betz AL, Chenevert TL, et al.Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage: relationahip between brain edema blood folw and bloodbrain barrier permeability in rats[J]. J Neurosurg,1993,81(1):93-102
[137]Vaughan PJ. Pike CJ, Cotman CW. et al. Thrombin receptor activation protects neurons and astrocytes from cell death produced by environmental insults.J Neurosci,1995,15:389-5401.
[138]Xi G. Keep RF. Hua Y. et al. Attenuation of thrombin—induced brain edema by cerebral thrombin precOnditiOning. Stroke,1999,30(6):1247-1255.
[139]Lee KR Betz AL, Keep RF,et al Intracerebral infusion of thrombin as a cause of brain edema J Neurosurg,1995;83(6):1045-1050
[140]Lee KR,Drury L, Vitarbo E, et al. Seizures induced by introcerebral injection of thrombin:a model of introcerebral hemorrhage[J]. J Neurogusg,1997,87(1):73-78.
[141]Koeppen AH, Dickson AC, McEnvoy JA. J Neurol Sci,1995,134:102-112
[142]Xi G.Keep RF.Hoff JT.Erythrocytes and delayed brain edema formation followingintracerebral hemorrhage in rats. J Neurosurg I998,86(6):991-996
[143]Goldstein I, Teng ZP, Zeserson E.et al. J Neurosci Res.2003,73(1):113-121
[144]Levy YS, Streifler JY, Panet H.et al.Neurotox Res,2002,4(7):609-616
[145]Meguro T,Chen B.Parent AD, Zhang JH.Stroke,2001,32:561-566
[146]Meguro T,Chen B,Laneon J,Zhang JH.J Neurochem,2001,77:1128-1135
[147]Wagner KR, Xi G, Hua Y,et al.Lobar intracerebral hemorrhage model in pigs rapid edema development in perthematomal white matter Stroke,1996,27(2): 490-497.
[148]Xi G, Keep RF, HOfr J Pathophysiology of brain edema formation. Neurosurg ClinN Am,2002,13:371-383
[149]Xue M,Del Bigid MR. Intracortical hemorrhage injury rats:relationshipbetween blood fractions and brain cell death.Stroke,2000;3(10):1721-1727
[150]Li GQ, Dong WW. The study of leucocyte infiltration and the effect of doxycycline around rats cerebral hemorrhage[J].Chin J Neurol,1999,329(1):58-59
[151]Kim JS.Cytokines and adhesion molecules in stroke and related diseases[J].Neurol Sci,996,137(20):69-78.
[152]Ott L, MCClaal CJ Gillespie M.et al. Cylokines and metabolic dys function after severe head injury. J Neurotrauma.1994,11(2):447-472
[153]Gong C,Hoff JT,Keep RF.Acute inflammatory reaction following experimental Intracerebral hemorrhage in rat.Brain Res,2000,871 (1):57-65
[154]Hua Y,Xi G,Keep RF,et al.complement activation in the brain after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage[J]. Neuroturgery,2000,92:1016-1022
[155]江志,邵国富.脑出血后脑水肿形成机制的研究进展[J].中国临床神经科学,2005,13(2)：222-225
[156]张彤,张军,张国华.脑出血病理损伤机制的研究进展[J].脑与神经疾病杂志,2004,12(2)：150-151
[157]Yang GY,Betz Al,Cheneveet TL,et al.Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage relationsbip between brein edema,biood flow,and blood brain barrier permeability in rats[J].I Neurosurg,1994,81(1):93-102
[158]Mayet SA,Lignclli A,Fink ME,et al.Perbesional biood flow and edema formation in acute intracerebral hemorrhage a SPECT study[J].Stroke,1998,29:1797-1798
[159]赵性泉,王拥军.脑出血后继发性水肿和神经损害的机制[J].国外医学脑血管疾病分册,2004,12(8)571-575
[160]Xi G,Keep RF, Hoff JT.et al.Pathophysiology of brain Edema formation [J]. Neurosurg Clin N Am,2002,13(3):371-383.
[161]Knoll T,Wimmer ML,Gumpinger F.The low nor-mothermia concept-maintaining a core body tem-perature between 36 and 37 degrees C in acute stroke unit patients[J]. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol,2002,14(4):304-308.
[162]Fairchild KD Viscardi RM,Hester L,et al.Effects of Hypothermia and hyperthermia on cytokine produc-tion by cultured human mononuclear phagocytes from adults and newborns[J]. J Interferon Cytokine Res,2000,20(12):1049-1055.
[163]DzwonekJ,Rylski M,Kaczmarek L.Matrix metalloproteinase and their endogenous inhibitors in neuronal Physiology of the adult brain[J].FEBS Lett, 2004,67(1):120-135.
[164]Zaher K.Otroek, RamiA.R.Mahfouz, JawadA.Makarem, etal.Understanding the biology of angiogenesis:Review of the most important molecular mechanisms [J]. BloodCellS, Moleeules, and Diseases,2007,39(2):212-220.
[165]Castillo J,Leira R,BlancoM.Metallop roteinases and neurovascular injury [J]. Neurologia,2004,19:312-320.
[166]Power C,Henry S,Marc R,et al.Intracerebral hemorrhage induces macrophage activation and matrix metalloproteinages[J].Ann Neurol,2003,53
[167]RosenbergGA, DeneoffJE, CorreaN, et al.Effect of steroids on CSF matrix metalloproteinases in multiple selerosis:relation to blood-brain baxrler injury [J]. Neurology,1996,46(6):1626-1632.
[168]HeoJH, LuceroJ, AbumiyaT, et al. Matrix metalloproteinases increase very early during experimental focal cerebral isehelnia[J].JCereb Blood Flow Metab,1999, 19(6):624-633.
[169]周治平.HIL-1和MMP-2在大鼠脑出血灶周脑组织中的表达变化.中南大学硕士毕业论文,2008
[170]RosenbergGA, NavratilW. Metalloproteinase inhibition blocks edema incerebral hemorrhage in the rat[J].Neurology,1997,48:921-926.
[171]ClarkRK, LeeEV, FishCJ, et al.Development of tissue damage, inflammation and resolution following stroke:an immunohistochemical and quantitative planimetric study [J]. Brain ResBull,1993,31(5):565-572.
[172]Nordqvist AC, Smurawa H, Mathiesen T. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in meningiomas associated with different degrees. of brain invasiveness and edema. [J].Neurosurg,2001,95(5):839-844.
[173]陈大庆,张荣,朱烈烈,等.大鼠脑出血后MMP-2、MMP-9的表达与神经元凋亡关系的实验研究[J].福建医药杂志,2008,30(4):4-6
[174]何效兵,赵绍林,李慧,等.脑出血患者血清基质金属蛋白酶水平与脑水肿和神经损害的关系[J].临床神经病学杂志,2007,20(6):458-460
[175]刘胜达,周志明,吴家幂.大鼠脑出血后脑组织中MMP-2、MMP-9表达的实验研究[J].中风与神经疾病杂志,2003,20(2):120-122
[176]王玲,唐涛,罗杰坤,等.脑出血大鼠脑组织膜型基质金属蛋白酶、基质金属蛋白酶2和基质金属蛋白酶9表达及益气活血中药的干预效应[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11,(43)：8712-8716
[177]王敏,邓常青.补阳还五汤抗脑缺血作用的研究概况与展望[J].湖南中医学院学报,2000,20(4)：71-72
[178]韩绍娟,刘志龙.补阳还五汤对沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后血清炎性细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的影响[J].实用中西医结合临床,2004,4(4):1-3
[179]王培利,雷燕,林燕林,等.当归补血汤含药血清对培养内皮细胞生长因子受体表达的影响[J].中西医结合心脑血管病杂志,2006,4(3)：209-212
[180]薛永亮,田爱兰,王建军.益气活血化瘀中药对血管内皮功能的保护作用的实验研究[J].河南中医学院学报,2006,21(12):29-30
[181]Cai J,Yang J,Jones DP.Mitochondrial control of apoptosis:the role ocytochromec. Biochim Biophys Acta,1998,1366(1-2):139-149
[182]Zou H,Li Y,Liu X,et al.An APAF-1.cytochrome c multimeric complex isa functional apoptosome that activates procaspase-9.J Biol Chem,1999,274(17): 11549-11556
[183]Hu Y,Benedict MA,Ding L,et al.Role of cytochrome c and dATP/ATPhydrolysis in Apaf-1-mediated caspase-9 activation and apoptosis.EMBO J 1999,18(13): 3586-3595
[184]Saleh A.Srinivasula SM,Acharya S,et al.Cytochromec and dATP-mediated oligomerization of Apaf-1 is a prerequisite foprocaspase-9 activation.J Biol Chem 1999,274(25):17941-17945
[185]Adrain C,Martin SJ.The mitochondrial apoptosome:a killer unleashedby the cytochrome seas.Trends Biochem Sci 2001,26(6):390-397
[186]Vande Velde C,Cizeau J,Dubik D,et al.BNIP3 and genetic control onecrosis-like cell death through the mitochondrial permeability transitionpore.Mol Cell Biol 2000,20(15):5454-5468
[187]Li Y,Park JS,Deng JH,et al.Cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV iessential for assembly and respiratory function of the enzyme complex.Bioenerg Biomembr 2006,38(5-6):283-291
[188]周中和,王景周.出血性脑损伤细胞凋亡机制研究进展[J].国外医学：神经病学神经外科学分册,2001,28(4):250-252
[189]Neumar RW.Molecular mechanisms of ischemic neuronal injury.AnnEmerg Med 2000;36(5):483-506
[190]梁清华,谢映,包太成,等.脑出血大鼠神经元线粒体内细胞色素C释放及中药方剂的干预效应[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11,(34):6789-6792
[191]胡随瑜,金益强,陈昌华,等.脑溢安颗粒剂主要药效学研究[J].湖南医科大学学报,1999,24(5)：429-431
[192]刘柏炎,黎杏群,陈昌华,等.脑溢安颗粒剂对急性脑出血患者肿瘤坏死因子、胰岛素抵抗的影响[J].湖南医科大学学报,2002,27(1):41-42
[193]Qureshi, A.I.M.D., et al., Apoptosis as a Form of Cell Death in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.[Article]:Neurosurgery May,2003,52(5):1041-1048
[194]Adrain, C., E.M.Creagh, and S.J.Martin, Apoptosis-associated release of Smac/DIABLO from mitochondria requires active caspases and is blocked by Bcl-2. Embo Journal,2001,20(23):6627-6636
[195]吕磊.急性脑出血大鼠线粒体超微结构的变化与大黄的神经保护作用研究.复旦大学硕士研究生毕业论文,2008
[196]Green,D.R.and J.C.Reed, Mitochondria and Apoptosis. [Article]:Seience August 28,1998,281(5381):1309-1312
[197]Ott, M., et al., Mitochondria, oxidative stress and cell death.[Article]:Apoptosis May,2007,12(5):913-922
[198]Bleackley, R.C.and J.A.Heibein, Enzymatic control of apoptosis. Natural Product Reports,2001,18(4):431-440
[199]Felberg,R.A,etal.,Cell death in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage:The"black hole"model of hemorrhagic damage.Annals of Neurology,2002,52(3):522-522
[200]Bouchier-Hayes, L., L.Lartigue, and D.D.Newmeyer, Mitochondria: Pharmacological manipulation of cell death. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2005,115(10):2640-2647
[201]Bernardi, P., et al. Mirochondria and cell death-mechanistic aspects and methodological issues.European Journal of Biochemistry,1999,264(3):687-701
[202]Crouser, E.D.M.D., etal., Endotoxin-induced mitochondrial damage correlates with impaired respiratory activity. [Article]:Critical Care Medicine February,2002, 30(2):276-284
[203]Namura, S., et al., Ebselen reduces cytochrome c release from mitochondria and subsequent DNA fragmentation after transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice.Stroke,2001,32(8):1906-1911
[204]刘清娥.泻火补肾汤对脑出血后神经干细胞移植大鼠脑内TGF-pl和VCAM-1表达的影响.中南大学硕士毕业论文,2008
[205]BurklyLC, JakubowskiA, NewmanBM, et al.Signaling by vascular cell adhesion molecu]e-1(VCAM-1)throughVLA-4 Promotes CD3-dependent T cell proliferation [J]. Eur J Irnmunol,1991,21(11):2871-2875
[206]LautenschlagerI, Halme L, Hockerstedt K et al.Cytomegalovirus infection of the liver transplant:virological,histological, immunological, and clinical observations[J].Transplant Infectious Disease,2006,8(1):21-30
[207]A.K.M. Shamsul Alam, Oliver Florey, Michele Weber, et al. Knockdown of mouse VCAM-1 by vector-based siRNA [J].Transplant Immunology,2006, (16): 185-193
[208]Lee S, Chung J, HaIS, et al. Hydrogen Peroxide increases humanl eukocyte adhesion to porcine aortic endothelial cells via NFkappaB-dependent up-regulation of VCAM-1[J].Int Irnrnunol,2007,19(12):1349-59
[209]Olga J.Baker, Jean M.Camden, Danny E, et al.P2Y2 nucleotide receptor activation up-regulates vascular cell adhesion molecular-1 expression and enhances lymphoeyte adherence to a human submandibular gland cell line [J].Molecular Immunology,2007,5:1-11
[210]Yasunori Abe, Myriam Fornage, Chao-yuh Yang, et al.LS, the most electronegative subfraetion of plasma LDL, induces endothelial vaseular cell adhesion moleculel and CXC chemokines, Which mediate mononuclear leukocyte adhesion [J]. Atheroscle rosis,2007,192:56-66
[211]Burmester T,Weich B,Reinhardt S,et al.A vertebrate globin expressed in the brain [J]. Nature,2000,407(6803):520-523
[212]邓美玉,张成岗,王航雁,等.脑红蛋白mRNA在大鼠脑内的原位杂交定位.解剖学报,2003,34(1)：85-89
[213]Moens L,Dewilde S.Globins in the brain. Nature,2000,407 (6803):461-462
[214]Zhu Y,Sun Y,Jin K,et al.Hemin induces neuroglobin expression in neural cells. Blood,2002;100(7):2494-2498
[215]赵春莉.谷红对大鼠脑出血血肿周围组织NGB和IL-6表达的影响.大连医科大学硕士毕业论文,2008
[216]Kriegl JM,Bhattacharyya AJ,Nienhaus K,et al.Ligand binding and protein dynamics in neuroglobin [J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2002,99(12):7992-7997
[217]Dewilde S,Kinger L,Burmester T,et al.Biochemical characterization and ligand binding properties of neuroglobin,a novel member of the globin family [J].J Biol Chem,2001,276(42):38949-38955
[218]Herold S,Fago A,Weber RE,et al.Reactivity studies of the Fe(III)and Fe(Ⅱ)NO forms of human neuroglobin reveal a potential role against oxidative stress[J].J Biol Chem,2004,279(22):22841-22847
[219]Schmidt M,Giessl A,Laufs T,et al.How does the eye breathe? Evidence for neuroglobin-mediated oxygen supply in the mammalian retina[J].J Biol Chem, 2003,278(3):1932-1935
[220]徐文琳,王春丽,张成岗,等.脑红蛋白与Na+,K+-ATP酶β2亚基的相互作用及作用位点的鉴定[J].生物化学与生物物理学报,2003,35(9)：823-828
[221]Bergeron M.Gidday JM,Yu AY,et al.Role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in hypoxia-induced ischemic tolerance in neonatal rat brain[J].Ann Neurol,2000, 48(3):285-296
[222]Semenza GL.Hypoxia-inducible factor l:control oxygen homeostasis in health and disease.Pediatr Res.2001,49(5):614-617
[223]Li J,Bosch-Marce M,Nanayakkara A,et al.Altered metabolic responses to intermittent hypoxia in mice with partial deficiency of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 a [J].Physiol Genomics,2006,25(3):450-457
[224]Trent JT 3rd,Watts RA, Hargrove MS.Human neuroglobin,a hexacoordinate hemoglobin that reversibly binds oxygen[J].J Biol Chem,2001,276(32):30106-30110
[225]邹伟,徐丽,匡洪宇,等.针刺对实验性脑出血大鼠急性脑水肿治疗作用的动态观察[J].中医药信息,1997,(3):38-39
[226]RosenbergGA, Mun-Bryce S, WesleyM, et a.l Collagenase-induced intracerebral hemorrhage in rats[J]. Stroke,1990,21(5):801-807
[227]Bederson JB, Pitts LH, Tsuji M, et al. Rat middle cerebral after conclusion evaluation of the model and development of a neurologic evaluation. Stroke,1989; 17:427
[228]华兴邦.大鼠穴位图谱的研究[M].实验动物与动物实验.1991;(1):1
[229]丰浩荣.实验性脑出血动物模型研究进展[J].徐州医学院学报,2007,27(4):274-278
[230]YangGY, BetzAL, ChenevertTL, etal. Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage relation-ship between brain edema, blood flow,and blood-brain barrier permeability in rats [J]. J Neurosurg,1994,81(1):93-102
[231]张朋奇,朱贤立,赵甲山,等.一种大鼠脑内出血模型的建立与评价[J].中国临床神经外科杂志,2005,10(1):33-35
[232]Peeling J, Yan HJ, CorbettD, et a.l Effect of FK-506 on in-flammation and behavioral outcome following intracerebral hemorrhage in rat[J]. ExpNeurol. 2001,167(2):341-347
[233]Chesney JA, KondohT, Conrad JA, etal. Collagenase-induced intrastriatal hemorrhage in rats in long-term locomotor deficits [J]. Stroke,1995,26(2):312-317
[234]李红玲,李玉敏,杨静.自体血注入法和胶原酶注入法诱导脑出血动物模型的比较[J].中国临床康复,2006,10(8):148-150.
[235]张花先,黎杏群,梁清华,等.采用Ⅶ型胶原酶建立出血性中风中经络大鼠模型[J].湖南中医学院学报,2004,24(4):9-11.
[236]许东,文玉军,张莲香,等.胶原酶注入小鼠尾状核建立脑出血模型[J].中国实验动物学报,2006,14(1):36-39
[237]DelBigioMR, YanHJ, BuistR, et al. Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological correlates[J]. Stroke,1996,27 (12):2312-2320
[238]张艳玲,陈康宁,邵淑琴,等.采用Ⅳ型胶原酶构建大鼠脑出血模型[J].第三军医大学学报,2002,24(12):1394-1395
[239]曹勇军,陈孝东,王引明,等.Ⅰ型胶原酶-肝素诱导的大鼠脑出血模型研究[J].中风与神经疾病杂志,2006,23(4):466-469.
[240]NathFP, JenkinsA, Mendelow AD, et al.Early hemodynamicchanges in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage[J]. J Neurosurg,1986,65(5):697-703
[241]DeinsbergerW, Vogel J, KuschinskyW, et al. Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage:description of a double injection model in rats[J].NeurolRes, 1996,18(5):475-477.
[242]张祥建,刘春燕,祝春华,等.大鼠自体动脉血脑出血动物模型的建立[J].脑与神经疾病杂志,2003,11(6):341-344.
[243]WagnerKR,XiGH,HuaY,etal.Lobar intracerebral hemorrhagemodel in pigs:rapid edema development in perihematomal white matter[J].Stroke,1996,27(3):490-497.
[244]Zeng JS, ZhangYQ,Mo JW,etal. Two-kidney,twoclip renovascular hypertensive rats can be used as a stroke-prone rats[J]. Stroke,1998,29(8):1708-1714.
[245]周爽,方邦江,孙国华,等.一种高血压性脑出血动物模型的建立及评价[J].医学理论与实践,2004,17(2):127-129.
[246]SinarEJ, MendebwAD, Graham DI, etal. Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage: effects of a temporary mass lesion[J]. JNeurosurg,1987,66(6):568-576.
[247]LopezVE, Hernandez LA, Calandre L, et al. Time window for clinical effectiveness of mass evacuation in a rat balloon model mincking an in-traparenchymatous hematoma[J]. NeurolSci,2000,174(1):40-46.
[248]LeeKR, KawaiN, Kim S, et al. Mechanisms of edema formation after intracerebral hemorrhage:effects of thrombin on cerebral blood flow, blood-brain barrierpermeability, and cell survival in a rat model[J]. Neurosurg,1997,86(2): 272-278.
[249]XiGH, Keep RF, Hoff JT. Erythrocytes and delayed brain edema formation following intracerebralhemorrhage in rats[J]. Neurosurg,1998,89(12):991-996.
[250]XiGH, WagnerKR, Keep RF, et al. Role of blood clot formation on early edema development after experamental intracerebral hemorrhage[J].Stroke,1998,29(12): 2580-2586.
[251]袁萍.脑出血急性期头穴透刺安全性的临床与基础研究.黑龙江中医药大学博士毕业论文,2007
[252]赵桂君.头穴透刺治疗急性高血压性脑出血的临床对比观察.黑龙江中医药大学硕士学位论文,2003
[253]董建武,鲍春龄,公维志.头穴透刺提高急性高血压性脑出血疗效的临床观察[J].中医药临床杂志,2006,18(4):341
[254]胡丙成,王顺,贺鑫,等.透穴刺法治疗急性脑梗塞80例临床观察[J].中国科技信息,2005,(17)：242
[255]王顺,蔡玉颖,胡炳成,等.透穴刺法治疗中风后小脑性共济失调临床观察[J].中国针灸,2006,26(1):75
[256]李淑芝,鲁仲平,王东升,等.透穴治疗血管性痴呆30例临床观察.中国中医药科技[J].2006,13(4)：233
[257]蔡玉颖,王顺.透穴刺法治疗偏头痛的临床疗效及对脑血流速度的影响[J].中国针灸,2006,26(3)：177-179
[258]李改风.百会透穴配合双晕听区治疗眩晕60例[J].陕西中医.2005.26(11):1215
[259]李育华,郭尧杰.百会穴的临证应用与研究述要[J].中医药学刊,2003,21(7):1209-1210、1214.
[260]易玮,许能贵,靳瑞.针刺对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑血流量的影响[J].新中医,2001,33(10)：75-76.
[261]陈华德,殷光磊,蒋庵,等.用FMRI技术探讨针刺百会穴对脑功能的影响[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2006,11,30(6):656-659.
[262]邹伟,王茉蕾,于学平.针刺对急性高血压脑出血大鼠血浆ET和CGRP调整作用[J].针灸临床杂志,2003,19(2):50-51
[263]邹伟,史榕荇,于学平.针刺对急性高血压脑出血大鼠HSP70mRNA表达的调整作用[J].中医药学报,2003,31(1):46-47
[264]张勇,丁新生,宋春杰,等.大鼠脑出血后细胞色素c表达和神经细胞凋亡的关系及牛磺酸熊去氧胆酸的干预作用[J].中风与神经疾病杂志,2006,2(23):61-64
[265]Felberg RA, Gro tta JC, Sh irzadiAL, et al. CellDeath in Experi2mental Intracerebral Hemo rrhage:The " Black Ho le "Model ofHemo rrhagic Damage[J]. A nn N euro 1,2002,51:517-524.
[266]Cain K,Bratton SB, Cohen GM. The Apaf21 apop to some:a large caspase2 activating comp lex[J]. Bioch im ie,2002,9:203-214.
[267]Kow iask i P, Karwack i Z, Dziew iatkow sk i J. Evo lution of m i2croglial and astroglial response during experimental intracerebralhaemo rrhage in the rat[J]. Fo lia N europatho 1,2003,41:123-130.
[268]董强,丁宏岩,史朗峰,等.急性脑出血患者颅内血肿周边局部脑血流量的氙 2CT研究[J].中华医学杂志,2004,10:822-825.
[269]Siddique M S, Fernandes HM,Woo ldridge TD, et al. Reversibleischemia around intracerebral hemorrhage:a single pho tonemission computerized tomography study [J]. J N euro surg,2002,96(4):736-741.
[270]刘庆新,苏长海,李爱云,等.脑出血患者血肿周围组织细胞色素C的表达及临床意义[J].中风与神经疾病杂志,2006,(5):591-593
[2]吕士君,焦久存,牛玉国.脑出血中医病因病机之古今[J].辽宁中医杂志,2007,34(11)：1541
[3]赵佳辉.“百会”透“曲鬓”对脑出血急性期大鼠NSE、EAA、BDNF影响的实验研究.黑龙江中医药大学博士毕业论文,2008
[4]韩纯庆.试述中风病的三次突破性进展[J].中医药学报,1994,(02):9-11
[5]贾志强.大鼠脑出血后脑组织内GLUTI及GLUT1mRNA的变化与头穴针刺影响的实验研究.黑龙江中医药大学硕士毕业论文,2007
[6]谢道珍,杨卫斌,窦淑荣,等.中医药为主治疗出血性中风235例临床观察[J].中医杂志,1993,34(2)：92
[7]林秀文,孙西周,于新田,等.中西医结合救治急性出血性中风47例[J].中西医结合实用临床急救,1997,4(11):526
[8]刘金民,王永炎,王忽娜.251例急性期中风症证侯的病理学基础分析[J].北京中医药大学报,1994,(17)4:30-31
[9]邬佐莉,黄启金.辨治急性出血性中风52例[J].辽宁中医杂志,1994,21(5):21
[10]邱全.辨证分型治疗急性脑出血80例[J].陕西中医,2001,22(2):71-73
[11]凌玲.清开灵注射液合辨证论治急性少量脑出血的疗效观察[J].河北中医,2003,25(2)：103-104
[12]戴娟.镇肝熄风汤配合西药治疗急性脑出血的临床观察[J].湖南中医学院学报,1998,18(2)：60-61
[13]赵玉荣.熄风汤为主治疗脑出血急性期临床观察[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1993,13(11)：679
[14]兰东辉.中西医结合治疗86例急性脑出血临床观察[J].江西中医药,1997,28(6):47
[15]张学文.中西医结合治疗脑出血53例[J].中医研究,1995,8(5):29-30
[16]周菊明.羚羊钩藤汤加味治疗出血性卒中23例[J].新中医,1994,26(9):38
[17]单振友,张龙生.羚茅汤治疗急性出血性脑中风72例临床观察[J].北京中医,1997,16(6)：23-24
[18]梁清华.平肝熄风汤治疗急性脑溢血肝阳化风证的临床观察[J].湖南医科大学学报,1992,17(3)：235-238
[19]管民俭.镇肝熄风汤加减治疗出血性脑卒中46例[J].陕西中医,2006,27(7):822
[20]钟炳武.活血熄风通络汤治疗脑出血后脑水肿的临床研究[J].新中医,2007,39(4)：47-48.
[21]刘祥桢,陈凯玲.中西医结合抢救重症脑溢血92例[J].湖南中医杂志,1994,10(1):27
[22]梁清华.平肝熄风汤治疗脑溢血患者的生活质量观察[J].湖南医科大学学报.1996,21(5)：403-405
[23]贺仲华,候昌苓,崔洪,等.熄风醒脑汤合抗栓酶Ⅲ号治疗出血性中风60例临床观察[J].中国中医急症,1994,3(4):155-156
[24]杨金生.中风病防治研究[M].中医古籍出版社.1999,242
[25]王玉珊.通腑泻热法治疗脑出血急性期44例临床观察[J].河南中医.1998,370-371
[26]孟宪芹,王传军.通腑法治疗脑出血[J].陕西中医.1995,16(9):403-404
[27]杜宝新,黄培新,黄燕,等.中西医结合治疗高血压急性脑出血的临床观察[J].广西医学.1997,19(6):1078
[28]申锦林.冰黄液直肠滴注治疗急性脑出血的疗效观察[J].中医药研究.1998,14(1)：27-28
[29]候清倩.大黄在脑出血急性期的应用[J].青海医药杂志.1996,26(11):23-24
[30]吴艳华.通腑泄热豁痰法治疗急性脑出血42例疗效观察[J].新中医,2003,35(12)：35-36
[31]黄爱华.辨证通腑治疗中风病急性期96例疗观察[J].广西中医学院学报,2001,1(18)：47-49
[32]钱荣江.活血通腑法治疗高血压性脑出血急性期48例[J].中医药学刊,2004,22(1):161
[33]王兵.活血化痰法治疗脑出血急性期32例[J].辽宁中医杂志,2003,30(10):824
[34]李洁霞.早期运用活血化瘀法治疗中小量高血压性脑出血38例疗效观察.新中医,2004,36(4)：18-19
[35]何武,王恰如,曾祥发,等.活血化瘀药治疗脑出血后脑水肿的实验研究进展[J].血栓与止血学,2006,12(4):183-185
[36]倪渝鲲,王苹.血塞通治疗急性脑出血的临床观察[J].中国基层医药,2006,13(3):480-481
[37]李奀妹,欧阳永红.脑出血疾病早期活血化瘀的近期临床疗效观察[J].中华现代中医学杂志,2006,2(3):219-221
[38]王卫民.早期应用血栓通治疗高血压脑出血疗效观察[J].湖北中医杂志,2006, 28(3)：32-33
[39]马云枝,庄志江,张丽红.活血化瘀法治疗急性高血压性脑出血64例[J].陕西中医,2006,27(2)：163-165
[40]尹宝光.水蛭对实验性脑部血肿及皮下血肿的影响[J].中西医结合杂志,1986,6(7)：407
[41]顾维明.浅谈脑出血急性期活血化瘀药的应用[J].中国中医急症,2004,13(6):398
[42]沈卫平,王志贤,樊蓥,等.超早期应用复方丹参注射液结合西药基础疗法治疗脑出血的临床观察[J].南京中医药大学学报,1997,13(1):15
[43]吴岳洲,蔡鸿,于娜,等.刺五加注射液治疗脑出血临床评价[J].中医杂志,1998,39(4)：213-214
[44]况时祥.活血化瘀药治疗脑出血急性期探要[J].中医药学刊,2004,22(8):1513-1514
[45]常诚.刍议脑出血活血化瘀治疗的影响因素[J].河北中医,2003,25(3):192-193
[46]周丽仙.中西医结合治疗中风痰证50例临床观察[J].江西中医药,1997,28(6):48
[47]任继学,任玺洁,王中男,等.中风病急性期的中医药辨证治疗附1637例临床观察[J].中国中医急症,1995,4(2)：63-64
[48]曹晓岚.脑CT动态观察下运用清开灵注射液治疗脑出血临床研究[J].北京中医药大学学报,1994,17(1):27
[49]谢芳,董建.临中西医结合治疗脑出血39例临床观察[J].湖南中医药导报,2001,7(10)：499-500,502
[50]陈绍宏,攻晓云,刘永家,等.逐瘀化痰口服液治疗急性脑出血的临床及实验研究[J].中国中医急诊,1995,4(2):58
[51]虢周科.逐瘀化痰汤对脑出血急性期患者颅内压影响的临床与实验研究[J].中医杂志,1997,38(11):662-665
[52]吕希玉,孔荣,王家风.清开灵治疗高血压脑出血术后高热、昏迷的临床研究[J].北京中医药大学学报[J].中医临床版,2003,10(3):4-6
[53]焦顺发.头针[M].山西人民出版社,1982,1
[54]焦顺发,杜全枝,上官海水,等.头针治疗脑血栓形成(急性期)44例临床观察[J].山西中医,1988,4(4):37
[55]张惠琴.60例中风后遗症患者的头针治疗[J].临床神经病学杂志,1997,10(4):220
[56]靳瑞,赖新生,李艳慧,等.颞三针治疗中风后遗症的临床观察[J].中国针灸,1993,13(1)：11
[57]李菊艳,杜宏斌.头针与颞三针交替治疗早期中风40例[J].陕西中医,2002,23(8):733-734
[58]杨化冰.早期针刺治疗缺血性中风的临床观察[J].湖北中医学院学报,2001,3(3):38
[59]马松涛.头针治疗中风偏瘫的临床观察[J].河北中医,1993,15(1):28.
[60]王立群.头针治疗中风的临床观察[J].上海针灸杂志,1999,18(5)：11-12
[61]石宪.透刺传统头穴与运动区治疗中风偏瘫的比较[J].针灸学报,1989,(02):14
[62]王国祥,刘凡,赵风兰,等.头针对缺血性中风临床疗效的判定[J].中国针灸,1993,13(5)：4.
[63]房丽,于致顺.头穴针刺的不同刺激量对急性脑梗塞的肌力恢复的影响[J].针灸临床杂志,1995,11(5):37
[64]唐强,郭艳芹,田晓彦,等.头穴丛刺长留针法治疗急性脑梗死的临床观察[J].针灸临床杂志,2001,17(11):57
[65]金完成,詹欣荣,潘玲玲,等.头双针治疗脑血管意外的定位及手法研究[J].中国针灸,1993,13(4)：1
[66]周建伟.头针徐疾补泻法与捻针法治疗中风的对比观察[J].中国针灸,1997,17(3):139
[67]董建武,鲍春龄,公维志.头穴透刺提高急性高血压性脑出血疗效的临床观察[J].中医药临床杂志,2006,18(4):341-342
[68]王彪,于晓红,田淑贤,等.针刺头部运动带治疗中风76例临床观察及机理探讨[J].针灸临床杂志,1994,10(3):19-20.
[69]孙申田,李淑荣,朱永志,等.针刺百会曲鬓治疗脑血管偏瘫500例临床研究[J].中国针灸,1984,4(5):4-5
[70]东贵荣,于致顺,石宪.头穴透刺治疗偏瘫的研究近况[J].针灸学报,1992,8(1):54-57
[71]孙远征.于致顺.双侧通天和前神聪透悬厘穴对中风偏瘫病人肌力的变化观察[J].中医药学报,1986,(3):19
[72]张明孝.头针治疗中风后遗半身不遂[J].针灸临床杂志,1999,15(8):13
[73]王立群.头针治疗中风的临床研究[J].上海针灸杂志,1999,10(5):11-12
[74]刘进光,陈静操,江永生.头针治疗脑血管疾病100例[J].上海针灸杂志,1991,(4):8
[75]贾怀玉,王瑞义,刘光泗,等.头针治疗中风偏瘫[J].上海针灸杂志,1993,12(4):148
[76]俞同桥.头针意念导引法治疗中风偏瘫[J].上海针灸杂志,1992,11(4):12
[77]周健伟,张凡.头皮针治疗中风207例疗效观察[J].中国针灸,1993,13(6):3
[78]东贵荣,张宣,李丹,等.头针刺治疗急性高血压性脑出血的临床对比研究[J].中国针灸,1994,14(6)：13
[79]李云琴,张熙,王苏,等.头针配合药物治疗脑血病59例疗效分析[J].中国针灸,1994,14(5)：13
[80]李涛,赵建国,田桂杰,等.针刺对高血压脑出血术后病人神经功能的影响[J].中国针灸,2006,26(4):247-249
[81]唐兴江,余秋群,王玉红,等.早期针刺治疗对小量丘脑出血预后的影响[J].四川医学,2005,26(11)：1236-1237
[82]张树源,鲍春玲,东贵荣,等.头穴透刺治疗急性高血压性脑出血神经功能缺损的临床研究[J].针灸临床杂志,2005,21(3):12-13
[83]赖芳山,叶成亮,阎润茗,等.益气活血针法治疗缺血性中风32例[J].中国中西结合杂志,1991,12(8):216
[84]于效顺,包向阳,张玉琴,等.头穴改善偏瘫病人肌力效应的时间动态观察[J].针灸学报,1991,(1):39
[85]戚丽宜,张仲微,赵桂兰,等.针剌治疗脑梗塞及其血液流变学指标的观察[J].中西结合杂志,1986,(12):730
[86]石学敏,李苹,阎莉,等.针刺治疗中风病的临床研究[J].中国针灸杂志,1992,11(4):4
[87]张秀芳.针刺治疗中风偏瘫116例疗效观察[J].中国针灸,1994,14(8):26
[88]汪杰平,宛平,玉智.电针加埋线治疗中枢性偏瘫108观察[J].中国针灸,1997,17(1):9
[89]李华安,风岚,惠林,等.TC-ⅢA型瘫痪治疗机治疗脑血管病瘫痪60例[J].上海针灸杂志,1994,13(1):23
[90]彭静山,李云香.眼针为主治疗中风167例观察[J].中国针灸,1987,7(6):23
[91]王超为,宋曼原.针刺“舌根三针”治疗中枢性失语48例疗效观察[J].针灸临床杂志,1996,11(5)：21
[92]叶晓翔.舌针治疗中风失语15例[J].上海针灸杂志,1997,16(6):29
[93]黄晓洁,李风山,王玉玲,等.眼针治疗中风后遗症的临床观察[J].上海针灸杂志,1996,15(5)：17
[94]王进,高晓红.烧山火手法治疗中风肢体功能障碍49例[J].中国针灸,1992,12(2):33
[95]周长山,吴祥林,刘裕民,等.苍龟探穴法针刺极泉对中风上肢功能的影响[J].上海针灸杂志,1992,11(2):14
[96]石学敏.针刺治疗中风病临床观察研究[J].上海针灸杂志,1992,11(4):4
[97]胡国强,石学敏.“醒脑开窍法”治疗中风手法量学的基础研究[J].中国针灸,1992,12(2)：33
[98]王新明.针灸治疗偏瘫480例临床观察[J].中国针灸,1987,6(6):43
[99]戚丽宜,胡金凯,方德润,等.针刺对脑梗塞患者血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的影响[J].中西结合杂志,1987,7(8):467
[100]石学敏.中风病与醒脑开窍针刺法[M].天津科学技术出版社,1998,323-325
[101]靳森,侯文静.针刺治疗高血压性脑出血早期96例[J].山东中医药,2002,21(6):347-348
[102]杨毅红,吴绪平,孙国杰.早期电针治疗缺血性与出血性中风头颅CT分析[J].中国针灸,1999,19(6):325-327
[103]杨桐,苏平,王丽波.针刺配合药物治疗脑出血疗效观察[J].针灸临床杂志,2004,20(11)：21
[104]钟奇,马瑞林.针刺对缺血性脑血管病患者脑血流量的影响[J].辽宁中医杂志,1991,(8)：11
[105]李艳慧,靳瑞.三种不同针法治疗脑血管意外后遗症的研究[J].中国针灸,1993,13(4)：35-38
[106]赵建琪,蔡林青,于金栋,等.针刺风池,太冲对30例中风病人脑血流图的影响[J].河南中医,1990,10(4):20-21
[107]李忠仁,陆念祖,盛灿若,等.针刺治疗中风高过氧化脂质血症的临床研究[J].上海针灸杂志,1991,(1):18
[108]李箐,肖建华,东贵荣.脑出血急性期头针治疗的研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1999,19(4)：203-204
[109]黄文川,刘丽莉,赵跃,等.针刺对多发性脑梗塞痴呆患者脑电图的影响[J].针灸临床杂志,1992,8(2)：13
[110]王启根,目时弘文,金津武道,等.针刺治疗脑卒中后遗症血浆儿茶酚胺的变化[J].中风与神经疾病杂志,1988,5(4):200
[111]丁为国,李丽欣,许红,等.针刺百会穴对急性脑血肿大鼠局部脑血流量的影响[J].上海针灸杂志.2003,22(5):7.
[112]邢艳丽,杜莹莹.头穴针刺次数对中风病人血液流变学的影响[J].中国针灸,1994,14(4)：37-38
[113]周继曾,张存生,李力,等.醒脑开窍针刺治疗中风后遗症的临床研究[J].中国针灸,1995,15(3)：6-8
[114]王舒,石学敏.“醒脑开窍”针刺法治疗中风先兆的血液流变学观察[J].针灸临床杂志,1995,11(6):25
[115]谌剑飞,魏稼.急性老年性脑梗塞针刺治疗的血液流变学研究及其疗效评价[J].江西中医药,1993,24(6):48
[116]李箐,肖建华,东贵荣.脑出血急性期头针治疗的研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1999,19(4)：203-204
[117]王洪生,于庆麟.“动中求动”针刺疗法治疗中风偏瘫200例[J].针灸临床杂志,1997,13(1)：56
[118]陈静操,江永生,湛业华,等.头皮针法对中风偏瘫治疗前后血液流变学变化的观察[J].泸州医学院学报,1990,(2):103-106
[119]刘进先,陈静操,江永生.头针治疗脑血管疾病100例[J].上海针灸杂志,1991,10(4)：8-9
[120]东贵荣,王钊,吴宝柱.头穴治疗急性脑出血即刻效应的机理探讨(Ⅰ):针刺对体感诱发电位的影响[J].中国针灸,1994,14(2):26-27(54)
[121]张惠琴.60例中风后遗症患者的头针治疗[J].临床神经病学杂志,1997,10(4):220
[122]牟淑兰,孙秀兰,宋春莉.针刺头部穴区对脑干诱发电位影响的研究[J].辽宁中医杂志,1994,21(4)：185-187
[123]姜椒云,杜晶,东贵荣.头穴针刺治疗急性脑卒中的临床免疫学研究[J].黑龙江中医药,2001,(1):53-54
[124]候瑜,高书荣,赵稼薇.针刺对中风病人免疫功能的影响[J].上海针灸杂志,2001,20(3)：16-17
[125]方邦江,周爽,王升旭,等.急性脑出血患者针刺治疗前后血TNF-α、NSE水平变化的观察[J].新中医,2002,34,(12):44-45
[126]邹伟,史榕荇,于学平.针刺对急性高血压脑出血大鼠HSP70mRNA表达的调整作用[J].中医药学报,2003,31(1):46-47
[127]戴高中,陈跃来,顾法隆.电针对脑出血模型大鼠脑组织一氧化氮、内皮素、总抗氧化能力的影响[J].中国针灸,2002,22(7):488-489
[128]邹伟,王茉蕾,于学平.针刺对急性高血压脑出血大鼠血浆ET和CGRP调整作用[J].针灸临床杂志,2003,19(2):50-51
[129]刘莉,钱家骏,胡加跃,等.醒脑健神胶囊、清开灵注射液对急性脑出血大鼠脑含水量、离子含量B自由基代谢的影响[J].北京中医药大学学报,1997,20(1):38-39.
[130]彭家仪,马志忠.脑水肿的诊断与治疗[M].北京：人民军医出版社,1996,31-57
[131]王迪询.病理生理学[M].北京人民卫生出版杜,1994,398
[132]范家骏,赵国欣.血液流变学基础与临床[M].陕西科学技术出版社,1995,158
[133]罗松,廖方正,王秀英.针刺对家兔脑出血急性期超氧化物歧化酶的影响[J].针灸临床杂志,2003,19(4):53-54
[134]Schellinger PD,Fiebach JB,Hoffmann K,et al.Stroke MRI in intracerebral hemorrhage:is there a perhemorrhagic penumbra[J].Stroke,2003,34:1674-1679
[135]Yanaka K,Meguro K,Fujca K,et al.Immediate surgery reduces mortalty in deeply comatose patients with spontaneous cerebetar hemorrhage.Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo),2000,40:295-300
[136]Yang GY,Betz AL, Chenevert TL, et al.Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage: relationahip between brain edema blood folw and bloodbrain barrier permeability in rats[J]. J Neurosurg,1993,81(1):93-102
[137]Vaughan PJ. Pike CJ, Cotman CW. et al. Thrombin receptor activation protects neurons and astrocytes from cell death produced by environmental insults.J Neurosci,1995,15:389-5401.
[138]Xi G. Keep RF. Hua Y. et al. Attenuation of thrombin—induced brain edema by cerebral thrombin precOnditiOning. Stroke,1999,30(6):1247-1255.
[139]Lee KR Betz AL, Keep RF,et al Intracerebral infusion of thrombin as a cause of brain edema J Neurosurg,1995;83(6):1045-1050
[140]Lee KR,Drury L, Vitarbo E, et al. Seizures induced by introcerebral injection of thrombin:a model of introcerebral hemorrhage[J]. J Neurogusg,1997,87(1):73-78.
[141]Koeppen AH, Dickson AC, McEnvoy JA. J Neurol Sci,1995,134:102-112
[142]Xi G.Keep RF.Hoff JT.Erythrocytes and delayed brain edema formation followingintracerebral hemorrhage in rats. J Neurosurg I998,86(6):991-996
[143]Goldstein I, Teng ZP, Zeserson E.et al. J Neurosci Res.2003,73(1):113-121
[144]Levy YS, Streifler JY, Panet H.et al.Neurotox Res,2002,4(7):609-616
[145]Meguro T,Chen B.Parent AD, Zhang JH.Stroke,2001,32:561-566
[146]Meguro T,Chen B,Laneon J,Zhang JH.J Neurochem,2001,77:1128-1135
[147]Wagner KR, Xi G, Hua Y,et al.Lobar intracerebral hemorrhage model in pigs rapid edema development in perthematomal white matter Stroke,1996,27(2): 490-497.
[148]Xi G, Keep RF, HOfr J Pathophysiology of brain edema formation. Neurosurg ClinN Am,2002,13:371-383
[149]Xue M,Del Bigid MR. Intracortical hemorrhage injury rats:relationshipbetween blood fractions and brain cell death.Stroke,2000;3(10):1721-1727
[150]Li GQ, Dong WW. The study of leucocyte infiltration and the effect of doxycycline around rats cerebral hemorrhage[J].Chin J Neurol,1999,329(1):58-59
[151]Kim JS.Cytokines and adhesion molecules in stroke and related diseases[J].Neurol Sci,996,137(20):69-78.
[152]Ott L, MCClaal CJ Gillespie M.et al. Cylokines and metabolic dys function after severe head injury. J Neurotrauma.1994,11(2):447-472
[153]Gong C,Hoff JT,Keep RF.Acute inflammatory reaction following experimental Intracerebral hemorrhage in rat.Brain Res,2000,871 (1):57-65
[154]Hua Y,Xi G,Keep RF,et al.complement activation in the brain after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage[J]. Neuroturgery,2000,92:1016-1022
[155]江志,邵国富.脑出血后脑水肿形成机制的研究进展[J].中国临床神经科学,2005,13(2)：222-225
[156]张彤,张军,张国华.脑出血病理损伤机制的研究进展[J].脑与神经疾病杂志,2004,12(2)：150-151
[157]Yang GY,Betz Al,Cheneveet TL,et al.Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage relationsbip between brein edema,biood flow,and blood brain barrier permeability in rats[J].I Neurosurg,1994,81(1):93-102
[158]Mayet SA,Lignclli A,Fink ME,et al.Perbesional biood flow and edema formation in acute intracerebral hemorrhage a SPECT study[J].Stroke,1998,29:1797-1798
[159]赵性泉,王拥军.脑出血后继发性水肿和神经损害的机制[J].国外医学脑血管疾病分册,2004,12(8)571-575
[160]Xi G,Keep RF, Hoff JT.et al.Pathophysiology of brain Edema formation [J]. Neurosurg Clin N Am,2002,13(3):371-383.
[161]Knoll T,Wimmer ML,Gumpinger F.The low nor-mothermia concept-maintaining a core body tem-perature between 36 and 37 degrees C in acute stroke unit patients[J]. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol,2002,14(4):304-308.
[162]Fairchild KD Viscardi RM,Hester L,et al.Effects of Hypothermia and hyperthermia on cytokine produc-tion by cultured human mononuclear phagocytes from adults and newborns[J]. J Interferon Cytokine Res,2000,20(12):1049-1055.
[163]DzwonekJ,Rylski M,Kaczmarek L.Matrix metalloproteinase and their endogenous inhibitors in neuronal Physiology of the adult brain[J].FEBS Lett, 2004,67(1):120-135.
[164]Zaher K.Otroek, RamiA.R.Mahfouz, JawadA.Makarem, etal.Understanding the biology of angiogenesis:Review of the most important molecular mechanisms [J]. BloodCellS, Moleeules, and Diseases,2007,39(2):212-220.
[165]Castillo J,Leira R,BlancoM.Metallop roteinases and neurovascular injury [J]. Neurologia,2004,19:312-320.
[166]Power C,Henry S,Marc R,et al.Intracerebral hemorrhage induces macrophage activation and matrix metalloproteinages[J].Ann Neurol,2003,53
[167]RosenbergGA, DeneoffJE, CorreaN, et al.Effect of steroids on CSF matrix metalloproteinases in multiple selerosis:relation to blood-brain baxrler injury [J]. Neurology,1996,46(6):1626-1632.
[168]HeoJH, LuceroJ, AbumiyaT, et al. Matrix metalloproteinases increase very early during experimental focal cerebral isehelnia[J].JCereb Blood Flow Metab,1999, 19(6):624-633.
[169]周治平.HIL-1和MMP-2在大鼠脑出血灶周脑组织中的表达变化.中南大学硕士毕业论文,2008
[170]RosenbergGA, NavratilW. Metalloproteinase inhibition blocks edema incerebral hemorrhage in the rat[J].Neurology,1997,48:921-926.
[171]ClarkRK, LeeEV, FishCJ, et al.Development of tissue damage, inflammation and resolution following stroke:an immunohistochemical and quantitative planimetric study [J]. Brain ResBull,1993,31(5):565-572.
[172]Nordqvist AC, Smurawa H, Mathiesen T. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in meningiomas associated with different degrees. of brain invasiveness and edema. [J].Neurosurg,2001,95(5):839-844.
[173]陈大庆,张荣,朱烈烈,等.大鼠脑出血后MMP-2、MMP-9的表达与神经元凋亡关系的实验研究[J].福建医药杂志,2008,30(4):4-6
[174]何效兵,赵绍林,李慧,等.脑出血患者血清基质金属蛋白酶水平与脑水肿和神经损害的关系[J].临床神经病学杂志,2007,20(6):458-460
[175]刘胜达,周志明,吴家幂.大鼠脑出血后脑组织中MMP-2、MMP-9表达的实验研究[J].中风与神经疾病杂志,2003,20(2):120-122
[176]王玲,唐涛,罗杰坤,等.脑出血大鼠脑组织膜型基质金属蛋白酶、基质金属蛋白酶2和基质金属蛋白酶9表达及益气活血中药的干预效应[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11,(43)：8712-8716
[177]王敏,邓常青.补阳还五汤抗脑缺血作用的研究概况与展望[J].湖南中医学院学报,2000,20(4)：71-72
[178]韩绍娟,刘志龙.补阳还五汤对沙土鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后血清炎性细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的影响[J].实用中西医结合临床,2004,4(4):1-3
[179]王培利,雷燕,林燕林,等.当归补血汤含药血清对培养内皮细胞生长因子受体表达的影响[J].中西医结合心脑血管病杂志,2006,4(3)：209-212
[180]薛永亮,田爱兰,王建军.益气活血化瘀中药对血管内皮功能的保护作用的实验研究[J].河南中医学院学报,2006,21(12):29-30
[181]Cai J,Yang J,Jones DP.Mitochondrial control of apoptosis:the role ocytochromec. Biochim Biophys Acta,1998,1366(1-2):139-149
[182]Zou H,Li Y,Liu X,et al.An APAF-1.cytochrome c multimeric complex isa functional apoptosome that activates procaspase-9.J Biol Chem,1999,274(17): 11549-11556
[183]Hu Y,Benedict MA,Ding L,et al.Role of cytochrome c and dATP/ATPhydrolysis in Apaf-1-mediated caspase-9 activation and apoptosis.EMBO J 1999,18(13): 3586-3595
[184]Saleh A.Srinivasula SM,Acharya S,et al.Cytochromec and dATP-mediated oligomerization of Apaf-1 is a prerequisite foprocaspase-9 activation.J Biol Chem 1999,274(25):17941-17945
[185]Adrain C,Martin SJ.The mitochondrial apoptosome:a killer unleashedby the cytochrome seas.Trends Biochem Sci 2001,26(6):390-397
[186]Vande Velde C,Cizeau J,Dubik D,et al.BNIP3 and genetic control onecrosis-like cell death through the mitochondrial permeability transitionpore.Mol Cell Biol 2000,20(15):5454-5468
[187]Li Y,Park JS,Deng JH,et al.Cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV iessential for assembly and respiratory function of the enzyme complex.Bioenerg Biomembr 2006,38(5-6):283-291
[188]周中和,王景周.出血性脑损伤细胞凋亡机制研究进展[J].国外医学：神经病学神经外科学分册,2001,28(4):250-252
[189]Neumar RW.Molecular mechanisms of ischemic neuronal injury.AnnEmerg Med 2000;36(5):483-506
[190]梁清华,谢映,包太成,等.脑出血大鼠神经元线粒体内细胞色素C释放及中药方剂的干预效应[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11,(34):6789-6792
[191]胡随瑜,金益强,陈昌华,等.脑溢安颗粒剂主要药效学研究[J].湖南医科大学学报,1999,24(5)：429-431
[192]刘柏炎,黎杏群,陈昌华,等.脑溢安颗粒剂对急性脑出血患者肿瘤坏死因子、胰岛素抵抗的影响[J].湖南医科大学学报,2002,27(1):41-42
[193]Qureshi, A.I.M.D., et al., Apoptosis as a Form of Cell Death in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.[Article]:Neurosurgery May,2003,52(5):1041-1048
[194]Adrain, C., E.M.Creagh, and S.J.Martin, Apoptosis-associated release of Smac/DIABLO from mitochondria requires active caspases and is blocked by Bcl-2. Embo Journal,2001,20(23):6627-6636
[195]吕磊.急性脑出血大鼠线粒体超微结构的变化与大黄的神经保护作用研究.复旦大学硕士研究生毕业论文,2008
[196]Green,D.R.and J.C.Reed, Mitochondria and Apoptosis. [Article]:Seience August 28,1998,281(5381):1309-1312
[197]Ott, M., et al., Mitochondria, oxidative stress and cell death.[Article]:Apoptosis May,2007,12(5):913-922
[198]Bleackley, R.C.and J.A.Heibein, Enzymatic control of apoptosis. Natural Product Reports,2001,18(4):431-440
[199]Felberg,R.A,etal.,Cell death in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage:The"black hole"model of hemorrhagic damage.Annals of Neurology,2002,52(3):522-522
[200]Bouchier-Hayes, L., L.Lartigue, and D.D.Newmeyer, Mitochondria: Pharmacological manipulation of cell death. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2005,115(10):2640-2647
[201]Bernardi, P., et al. Mirochondria and cell death-mechanistic aspects and methodological issues.European Journal of Biochemistry,1999,264(3):687-701
[202]Crouser, E.D.M.D., etal., Endotoxin-induced mitochondrial damage correlates with impaired respiratory activity. [Article]:Critical Care Medicine February,2002, 30(2):276-284
[203]Namura, S., et al., Ebselen reduces cytochrome c release from mitochondria and subsequent DNA fragmentation after transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice.Stroke,2001,32(8):1906-1911
[204]刘清娥.泻火补肾汤对脑出血后神经干细胞移植大鼠脑内TGF-pl和VCAM-1表达的影响.中南大学硕士毕业论文,2008
[205]BurklyLC, JakubowskiA, NewmanBM, et al.Signaling by vascular cell adhesion molecu]e-1(VCAM-1)throughVLA-4 Promotes CD3-dependent T cell proliferation [J]. Eur J Irnmunol,1991,21(11):2871-2875
[206]LautenschlagerI, Halme L, Hockerstedt K et al.Cytomegalovirus infection of the liver transplant:virological,histological, immunological, and clinical observations[J].Transplant Infectious Disease,2006,8(1):21-30
[207]A.K.M. Shamsul Alam, Oliver Florey, Michele Weber, et al. Knockdown of mouse VCAM-1 by vector-based siRNA [J].Transplant Immunology,2006, (16): 185-193
[208]Lee S, Chung J, HaIS, et al. Hydrogen Peroxide increases humanl eukocyte adhesion to porcine aortic endothelial cells via NFkappaB-dependent up-regulation of VCAM-1[J].Int Irnrnunol,2007,19(12):1349-59
[209]Olga J.Baker, Jean M.Camden, Danny E, et al.P2Y2 nucleotide receptor activation up-regulates vascular cell adhesion molecular-1 expression and enhances lymphoeyte adherence to a human submandibular gland cell line [J].Molecular Immunology,2007,5:1-11
[210]Yasunori Abe, Myriam Fornage, Chao-yuh Yang, et al.LS, the most electronegative subfraetion of plasma LDL, induces endothelial vaseular cell adhesion moleculel and CXC chemokines, Which mediate mononuclear leukocyte adhesion [J]. Atheroscle rosis,2007,192:56-66
[211]Burmester T,Weich B,Reinhardt S,et al.A vertebrate globin expressed in the brain [J]. Nature,2000,407(6803):520-523
[212]邓美玉,张成岗,王航雁,等.脑红蛋白mRNA在大鼠脑内的原位杂交定位.解剖学报,2003,34(1)：85-89
[213]Moens L,Dewilde S.Globins in the brain. Nature,2000,407 (6803):461-462
[214]Zhu Y,Sun Y,Jin K,et al.Hemin induces neuroglobin expression in neural cells. Blood,2002;100(7):2494-2498
[215]赵春莉.谷红对大鼠脑出血血肿周围组织NGB和IL-6表达的影响.大连医科大学硕士毕业论文,2008
[216]Kriegl JM,Bhattacharyya AJ,Nienhaus K,et al.Ligand binding and protein dynamics in neuroglobin [J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2002,99(12):7992-7997
[217]Dewilde S,Kinger L,Burmester T,et al.Biochemical characterization and ligand binding properties of neuroglobin,a novel member of the globin family [J].J Biol Chem,2001,276(42):38949-38955
[218]Herold S,Fago A,Weber RE,et al.Reactivity studies of the Fe(III)and Fe(Ⅱ)NO forms of human neuroglobin reveal a potential role against oxidative stress[J].J Biol Chem,2004,279(22):22841-22847
[219]Schmidt M,Giessl A,Laufs T,et al.How does the eye breathe? Evidence for neuroglobin-mediated oxygen supply in the mammalian retina[J].J Biol Chem, 2003,278(3):1932-1935
[220]徐文琳,王春丽,张成岗,等.脑红蛋白与Na+,K+-ATP酶β2亚基的相互作用及作用位点的鉴定[J].生物化学与生物物理学报,2003,35(9)：823-828
[221]Bergeron M.Gidday JM,Yu AY,et al.Role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in hypoxia-induced ischemic tolerance in neonatal rat brain[J].Ann Neurol,2000, 48(3):285-296
[222]Semenza GL.Hypoxia-inducible factor l:control oxygen homeostasis in health and disease.Pediatr Res.2001,49(5):614-617
[223]Li J,Bosch-Marce M,Nanayakkara A,et al.Altered metabolic responses to intermittent hypoxia in mice with partial deficiency of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 a [J].Physiol Genomics,2006,25(3):450-457
[224]Trent JT 3rd,Watts RA, Hargrove MS.Human neuroglobin,a hexacoordinate hemoglobin that reversibly binds oxygen[J].J Biol Chem,2001,276(32):30106-30110
[225]邹伟,徐丽,匡洪宇,等.针刺对实验性脑出血大鼠急性脑水肿治疗作用的动态观察[J].中医药信息,1997,(3):38-39
[226]RosenbergGA, Mun-Bryce S, WesleyM, et a.l Collagenase-induced intracerebral hemorrhage in rats[J]. Stroke,1990,21(5):801-807
[227]Bederson JB, Pitts LH, Tsuji M, et al. Rat middle cerebral after conclusion evaluation of the model and development of a neurologic evaluation. Stroke,1989; 17:427
[228]华兴邦.大鼠穴位图谱的研究[M].实验动物与动物实验.1991;(1):1
[229]丰浩荣.实验性脑出血动物模型研究进展[J].徐州医学院学报,2007,27(4):274-278
[230]YangGY, BetzAL, ChenevertTL, etal. Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage relation-ship between brain edema, blood flow,and blood-brain barrier permeability in rats [J]. J Neurosurg,1994,81(1):93-102
[231]张朋奇,朱贤立,赵甲山,等.一种大鼠脑内出血模型的建立与评价[J].中国临床神经外科杂志,2005,10(1):33-35
[232]Peeling J, Yan HJ, CorbettD, et a.l Effect of FK-506 on in-flammation and behavioral outcome following intracerebral hemorrhage in rat[J]. ExpNeurol. 2001,167(2):341-347
[233]Chesney JA, KondohT, Conrad JA, etal. Collagenase-induced intrastriatal hemorrhage in rats in long-term locomotor deficits [J]. Stroke,1995,26(2):312-317
[234]李红玲,李玉敏,杨静.自体血注入法和胶原酶注入法诱导脑出血动物模型的比较[J].中国临床康复,2006,10(8):148-150.
[235]张花先,黎杏群,梁清华,等.采用Ⅶ型胶原酶建立出血性中风中经络大鼠模型[J].湖南中医学院学报,2004,24(4):9-11.
[236]许东,文玉军,张莲香,等.胶原酶注入小鼠尾状核建立脑出血模型[J].中国实验动物学报,2006,14(1):36-39
[237]DelBigioMR, YanHJ, BuistR, et al. Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological correlates[J]. Stroke,1996,27 (12):2312-2320
[238]张艳玲,陈康宁,邵淑琴,等.采用Ⅳ型胶原酶构建大鼠脑出血模型[J].第三军医大学学报,2002,24(12):1394-1395
[239]曹勇军,陈孝东,王引明,等.Ⅰ型胶原酶-肝素诱导的大鼠脑出血模型研究[J].中风与神经疾病杂志,2006,23(4):466-469.
[240]NathFP, JenkinsA, Mendelow AD, et al.Early hemodynamicchanges in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage[J]. J Neurosurg,1986,65(5):697-703
[241]DeinsbergerW, Vogel J, KuschinskyW, et al. Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage:description of a double injection model in rats[J].NeurolRes, 1996,18(5):475-477.
[242]张祥建,刘春燕,祝春华,等.大鼠自体动脉血脑出血动物模型的建立[J].脑与神经疾病杂志,2003,11(6):341-344.
[243]WagnerKR,XiGH,HuaY,etal.Lobar intracerebral hemorrhagemodel in pigs:rapid edema development in perihematomal white matter[J].Stroke,1996,27(3):490-497.
[244]Zeng JS, ZhangYQ,Mo JW,etal. Two-kidney,twoclip renovascular hypertensive rats can be used as a stroke-prone rats[J]. Stroke,1998,29(8):1708-1714.
[245]周爽,方邦江,孙国华,等.一种高血压性脑出血动物模型的建立及评价[J].医学理论与实践,2004,17(2):127-129.
[246]SinarEJ, MendebwAD, Graham DI, etal. Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage: effects of a temporary mass lesion[J]. JNeurosurg,1987,66(6):568-576.
[247]LopezVE, Hernandez LA, Calandre L, et al. Time window for clinical effectiveness of mass evacuation in a rat balloon model mincking an in-traparenchymatous hematoma[J]. NeurolSci,2000,174(1):40-46.
[248]LeeKR, KawaiN, Kim S, et al. Mechanisms of edema formation after intracerebral hemorrhage:effects of thrombin on cerebral blood flow, blood-brain barrierpermeability, and cell survival in a rat model[J]. Neurosurg,1997,86(2): 272-278.
[249]XiGH, Keep RF, Hoff JT. Erythrocytes and delayed brain edema formation following intracerebralhemorrhage in rats[J]. Neurosurg,1998,89(12):991-996.
[250]XiGH, WagnerKR, Keep RF, et al. Role of blood clot formation on early edema development after experamental intracerebral hemorrhage[J].Stroke,1998,29(12): 2580-2586.
[251]袁萍.脑出血急性期头穴透刺安全性的临床与基础研究.黑龙江中医药大学博士毕业论文,2007
[252]赵桂君.头穴透刺治疗急性高血压性脑出血的临床对比观察.黑龙江中医药大学硕士学位论文,2003
[253]董建武,鲍春龄,公维志.头穴透刺提高急性高血压性脑出血疗效的临床观察[J].中医药临床杂志,2006,18(4):341
[254]胡丙成,王顺,贺鑫,等.透穴刺法治疗急性脑梗塞80例临床观察[J].中国科技信息,2005,(17)：242
[255]王顺,蔡玉颖,胡炳成,等.透穴刺法治疗中风后小脑性共济失调临床观察[J].中国针灸,2006,26(1):75
[256]李淑芝,鲁仲平,王东升,等.透穴治疗血管性痴呆30例临床观察.中国中医药科技[J].2006,13(4)：233
[257]蔡玉颖,王顺.透穴刺法治疗偏头痛的临床疗效及对脑血流速度的影响[J].中国针灸,2006,26(3)：177-179
[258]李改风.百会透穴配合双晕听区治疗眩晕60例[J].陕西中医.2005.26(11):1215
[259]李育华,郭尧杰.百会穴的临证应用与研究述要[J].中医药学刊,2003,21(7):1209-1210、1214.
[260]易玮,许能贵,靳瑞.针刺对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑血流量的影响[J].新中医,2001,33(10)：75-76.
[261]陈华德,殷光磊,蒋庵,等.用FMRI技术探讨针刺百会穴对脑功能的影响[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2006,11,30(6):656-659.
[262]邹伟,王茉蕾,于学平.针刺对急性高血压脑出血大鼠血浆ET和CGRP调整作用[J].针灸临床杂志,2003,19(2):50-51
[263]邹伟,史榕荇,于学平.针刺对急性高血压脑出血大鼠HSP70mRNA表达的调整作用[J].中医药学报,2003,31(1):46-47
[264]张勇,丁新生,宋春杰,等.大鼠脑出血后细胞色素c表达和神经细胞凋亡的关系及牛磺酸熊去氧胆酸的干预作用[J].中风与神经疾病杂志,2006,2(23):61-64
[265]Felberg RA, Gro tta JC, Sh irzadiAL, et al. CellDeath in Experi2mental Intracerebral Hemo rrhage:The " Black Ho le "Model ofHemo rrhagic Damage[J]. A nn N euro 1,2002,51:517-524.
[266]Cain K,Bratton SB, Cohen GM. The Apaf21 apop to some:a large caspase2 activating comp lex[J]. Bioch im ie,2002,9:203-214.
[267]Kow iask i P, Karwack i Z, Dziew iatkow sk i J. Evo lution of m i2croglial and astroglial response during experimental intracerebralhaemo rrhage in the rat[J]. Fo lia N europatho 1,2003,41:123-130.
[268]董强,丁宏岩,史朗峰,等.急性脑出血患者颅内血肿周边局部脑血流量的氙 2CT研究[J].中华医学杂志,2004,10:822-825.
[269]Siddique M S, Fernandes HM,Woo ldridge TD, et al. Reversibleischemia around intracerebral hemorrhage:a single pho tonemission computerized tomography study [J]. J N euro surg,2002,96(4):736-741.
[270]刘庆新,苏长海,李爱云,等.脑出血患者血肿周围组织细胞色素C的表达及临床意义[J].中风与神经疾病杂志,2006,(5):591-593
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |