瓜馥木、浙江桂水分生理特征初探
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摘要
本文应用热扩散技术对地处中亚热带的福建建瓯万木林自然保护区内主要木质藤本瓜馥木(Fissistigma oldhamii)及同区域优势树种浙江桂(Cinnamomum chekiangense)液流速率进行测定,结合夜间气孔导度、蒸腾速率及其水分来源差异,探讨木质藤本瓜馥木、浙江桂水分生理特征差异。
研究结果表明,瓜馥木液流呈典型白天高夜间低趋势,液流活动对环境因子变化响应迅速：与浙江桂相比,瓜馥木液流启动时间一般早于浙江桂0.5～2h,曲线峰型较宽,尤其是夏季瓜馥木液流速率高峰区维持时间比浙江桂长3h；夜间液流速率高,说明生长于水热条件充沛地区的瓜馥木水分传输活动旺盛,这应与特殊的生活型和导管结构有关；各季瓜馥木液流速率与气象因子相关性显著；瓜馥木春夏两季液流启动时间较早峰值较高,秋冬两季液流启动时间稍迟且峰值小；且对冠层蒸腾的高水分需求有一定的适应机制,其夜间蒸腾速率远小于液流速率,而夜间蒸腾及水汽压亏缺变化都无法很好解释瓜馥木夜间液流变化,因此瓜馥木通过夜间液流进行树体水分贮存或补充；瓜馥木与浙江桂生长季主要水分来源为浅层土壤水。
本研究结果初步了解中亚热带自然环境下木质藤本瓜馥木、浙江桂水分生理特征,揭示木质藤本瓜馥木与乔木液流特征的主要差异,为木质藤本生理研究提供实践参考,并为探讨其在中亚热带森林水文过程中的作用提供基础研究。
In order to explore the water physiology Characteristics of woody vine, Fissistigma oldhami and Cinnamomum chekiangense sap flow were investigated in four seasons. And related environmental factors such as incident solar radiation, air temperature, relative air humidity were recorded continuously in Fujian Jian'ou Wanmulin Nature Reserve, where is a evergreen broad-leaved forest in subtropical regions. The nighttime transpiration, stomatal conductance and water sources were also be studied.
The sap flow rate(SF)of F. oldhamii was alternate in daytime and nighttime, compare with C. chekiangense, SF of F. oldhamii started earlier and the value of nighttime is larger. F. oldhamii xylem has strong water transport capability. There were marked correlations between SF and the environmental factors each season. During spring and summer, SF started earlier and the peak value is larger than in autumn and winter. In order to adapt the high canopy transportation rate, F. oldhamii has a larger night SF. It's nighttime transportation rate(TR) is obviously smaller than SF. There were not marked correlations between VPD and SF, so night SF of F. oldhamii may used to xylem water storage. Growing season F. oldhamii mainly utilized shallow-layer soil water.
This study preliminary understanding of woody vine F. oldhamii's water physiological characteristics in natural tropical forest, reveal the mainly SF characteristics differents of two life form plants, aim to provide practical references for physiology study of woody vines, and do a basic research for exploring the role of woody vines in tropical forests hydrological processes.
研究结果表明,瓜馥木液流呈典型白天高夜间低趋势,液流活动对环境因子变化响应迅速：与浙江桂相比,瓜馥木液流启动时间一般早于浙江桂0.5～2h,曲线峰型较宽,尤其是夏季瓜馥木液流速率高峰区维持时间比浙江桂长3h；夜间液流速率高,说明生长于水热条件充沛地区的瓜馥木水分传输活动旺盛,这应与特殊的生活型和导管结构有关；各季瓜馥木液流速率与气象因子相关性显著；瓜馥木春夏两季液流启动时间较早峰值较高,秋冬两季液流启动时间稍迟且峰值小；且对冠层蒸腾的高水分需求有一定的适应机制,其夜间蒸腾速率远小于液流速率,而夜间蒸腾及水汽压亏缺变化都无法很好解释瓜馥木夜间液流变化,因此瓜馥木通过夜间液流进行树体水分贮存或补充；瓜馥木与浙江桂生长季主要水分来源为浅层土壤水。
本研究结果初步了解中亚热带自然环境下木质藤本瓜馥木、浙江桂水分生理特征,揭示木质藤本瓜馥木与乔木液流特征的主要差异,为木质藤本生理研究提供实践参考,并为探讨其在中亚热带森林水文过程中的作用提供基础研究。
In order to explore the water physiology Characteristics of woody vine, Fissistigma oldhami and Cinnamomum chekiangense sap flow were investigated in four seasons. And related environmental factors such as incident solar radiation, air temperature, relative air humidity were recorded continuously in Fujian Jian'ou Wanmulin Nature Reserve, where is a evergreen broad-leaved forest in subtropical regions. The nighttime transpiration, stomatal conductance and water sources were also be studied.
The sap flow rate(SF)of F. oldhamii was alternate in daytime and nighttime, compare with C. chekiangense, SF of F. oldhamii started earlier and the value of nighttime is larger. F. oldhamii xylem has strong water transport capability. There were marked correlations between SF and the environmental factors each season. During spring and summer, SF started earlier and the peak value is larger than in autumn and winter. In order to adapt the high canopy transportation rate, F. oldhamii has a larger night SF. It's nighttime transportation rate(TR) is obviously smaller than SF. There were not marked correlations between VPD and SF, so night SF of F. oldhamii may used to xylem water storage. Growing season F. oldhamii mainly utilized shallow-layer soil water.
This study preliminary understanding of woody vine F. oldhamii's water physiological characteristics in natural tropical forest, reveal the mainly SF characteristics differents of two life form plants, aim to provide practical references for physiology study of woody vines, and do a basic research for exploring the role of woody vines in tropical forests hydrological processes.
引文
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