嵌锁密实型水泥混凝土配合比设计方法研究
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摘要
水泥混凝土广泛应用于基础建设各个领域,随着经济发展、科技进步,人们对其使用品质要求越来越高。现行混凝土配合比设计方法设计的混凝土以悬浮密实型结构为主,易在集料与水泥石粘结处发生破坏,且尚未充分发挥粗集料的作用。为此,本研究在体积法和干涉理论的基础上,提出了粗集料嵌锁骨架结构与嵌锁密实型水泥混凝土概念,并对其工作性、强度特性及其设计方法开展了系统研究,以期节约成本,提高混凝土性能,具有重要工程实用价值。
粗集料嵌锁骨架结构是指骨架颗粒与填充颗粒之间充分嵌锁、紧密排列、不干涉或少干涉,使其达到合理密实状态时形成一个多级空间骨架结构;在此基础上,利用砂填充粗集料振实剩余空隙,再用水泥净浆润滑和填充粗集料与砂的混合料的剩余空隙,形成嵌锁密实型水泥混凝土。粗集料振动填充试验表明,采用粒径具有或接近1/2倍关系的颗粒填充骨架颗粒可以形成嵌锁骨架结构,其临界状态为混合料振实剩余空隙率变化曲线的第一波谷值,最佳集料填充比约为40%。据此提出了粗集料嵌锁骨架结构级配设计方法,并编制了粗集料嵌锁骨架结构设计软件QSGJ-V1.0。工作性试验得出,水灰比、填充比与坍落度基本呈正比递增关系,砂率与坍落度关系则随着水灰比的增大由上凸抛物线逐步过渡为波动递减曲线。强度试验表明,水灰比、填充比、砂率与强度基本呈反比递减关系。在不同砂率下,分别回归水灰比、填充比与坍落度和强度的关系公式,以及7d抗压强度与28d抗压强度、抗压强度与抗弯拉强度的计算公式。综合研究成果,提出了嵌锁密实型混凝土配合比设计方法,并与现行设计方法对比表明,同等强度、工作性要求下,嵌锁密实型水泥混凝土比现行设计方法确定的混凝土的经济性更好,且设计方法可操作性强,简便实用,可以直接应用于工程实际。
Concrete widely used in infrastructure construction in various fields, along with economic development, scientific and technological progress, people use their increasingly high-quality. The existing design of concrete mix designed to suspension-compacting concrete structure-oriented and easy to damage in bonding of aggregate and cement, and has yet to give full play to the role of coarse aggregate. For this reason, basing on the Volume and Interference theory, the study put forward a coarse aggregate embedded lock skeleton structure and embedded lock dense concrete concept, and research systematically on its working, strength and design, with a view save costs and improve the properties of concrete, important works have practical value.
The coarse aggregate embedded lock skeleton structure is that skeleton particles embed fully, work closely, non-interference or less with peanuts, and to reach a state of reasonable density to form a multi-level space frame structure; on this basis, use sand to fill coarse aggregate remaining gap, use cement paste to lubricate and fill the remaining gap of coarse aggregate and sand mixture, forming dense embedded lock-cement concrete. Coarse aggregate filled vibration tests showed that, using a particle size or close to 1/2 times the particles can be filled with a skeleton embedded particles lock skeleton structure, its critical state for the remaining mixture-air void is the first curve trough value, the best aggregate filling ratio of about 40 percent. Accordingly, put forward the coarse aggregate embedded lock-frame structure design and prepared of the coarse aggregate embedded lock skeleton structure design software QSGJ-V1.0. Test drawn work, the slump increase with water-cement ratio, filling ratio, the relations of Sand rate and the slump is from convex parabolic gradual transition to fluctuations in descending curve with the increase of water-cement ratio. Strength tests show the strength reduces almost with water-cement ratio, filling ratio, sand rate. At different rates, regressive the strength and slump calculating formula with water-cement ratio and filling rate, regressive the 28d compressive strength calculating formula with the 7d compressive strength, regressive the bending strength formula with compressive strength. Comprehensive research results, put forward the embedded lock-dense concrete mix design method, and compared the existing design methods show that the same intensity, working, embedded lock density cement concrete cement concrete mix design are better than the existing concrete on economy better, can be highly workable, simple and practical, can be directly applied to engineering practice.
粗集料嵌锁骨架结构是指骨架颗粒与填充颗粒之间充分嵌锁、紧密排列、不干涉或少干涉,使其达到合理密实状态时形成一个多级空间骨架结构;在此基础上,利用砂填充粗集料振实剩余空隙,再用水泥净浆润滑和填充粗集料与砂的混合料的剩余空隙,形成嵌锁密实型水泥混凝土。粗集料振动填充试验表明,采用粒径具有或接近1/2倍关系的颗粒填充骨架颗粒可以形成嵌锁骨架结构,其临界状态为混合料振实剩余空隙率变化曲线的第一波谷值,最佳集料填充比约为40%。据此提出了粗集料嵌锁骨架结构级配设计方法,并编制了粗集料嵌锁骨架结构设计软件QSGJ-V1.0。工作性试验得出,水灰比、填充比与坍落度基本呈正比递增关系,砂率与坍落度关系则随着水灰比的增大由上凸抛物线逐步过渡为波动递减曲线。强度试验表明,水灰比、填充比、砂率与强度基本呈反比递减关系。在不同砂率下,分别回归水灰比、填充比与坍落度和强度的关系公式,以及7d抗压强度与28d抗压强度、抗压强度与抗弯拉强度的计算公式。综合研究成果,提出了嵌锁密实型混凝土配合比设计方法,并与现行设计方法对比表明,同等强度、工作性要求下,嵌锁密实型水泥混凝土比现行设计方法确定的混凝土的经济性更好,且设计方法可操作性强,简便实用,可以直接应用于工程实际。
Concrete widely used in infrastructure construction in various fields, along with economic development, scientific and technological progress, people use their increasingly high-quality. The existing design of concrete mix designed to suspension-compacting concrete structure-oriented and easy to damage in bonding of aggregate and cement, and has yet to give full play to the role of coarse aggregate. For this reason, basing on the Volume and Interference theory, the study put forward a coarse aggregate embedded lock skeleton structure and embedded lock dense concrete concept, and research systematically on its working, strength and design, with a view save costs and improve the properties of concrete, important works have practical value.
The coarse aggregate embedded lock skeleton structure is that skeleton particles embed fully, work closely, non-interference or less with peanuts, and to reach a state of reasonable density to form a multi-level space frame structure; on this basis, use sand to fill coarse aggregate remaining gap, use cement paste to lubricate and fill the remaining gap of coarse aggregate and sand mixture, forming dense embedded lock-cement concrete. Coarse aggregate filled vibration tests showed that, using a particle size or close to 1/2 times the particles can be filled with a skeleton embedded particles lock skeleton structure, its critical state for the remaining mixture-air void is the first curve trough value, the best aggregate filling ratio of about 40 percent. Accordingly, put forward the coarse aggregate embedded lock-frame structure design and prepared of the coarse aggregate embedded lock skeleton structure design software QSGJ-V1.0. Test drawn work, the slump increase with water-cement ratio, filling ratio, the relations of Sand rate and the slump is from convex parabolic gradual transition to fluctuations in descending curve with the increase of water-cement ratio. Strength tests show the strength reduces almost with water-cement ratio, filling ratio, sand rate. At different rates, regressive the strength and slump calculating formula with water-cement ratio and filling rate, regressive the 28d compressive strength calculating formula with the 7d compressive strength, regressive the bending strength formula with compressive strength. Comprehensive research results, put forward the embedded lock-dense concrete mix design method, and compared the existing design methods show that the same intensity, working, embedded lock density cement concrete cement concrete mix design are better than the existing concrete on economy better, can be highly workable, simple and practical, can be directly applied to engineering practice.
引文
[1]吴红娟.自密实混凝土配合比设计方法研究[D].天津:天津大学,2004.
[2]徐定华,冯文元.混凝土材料实用指南[M].中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[3] [法]弗朗索瓦·德拉拉尔著,廖欣,叶枝荣,李启令译.混凝土混合料的配合[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[4]严家伋.道路建筑材料[M].人民交通出版社,2004.
[5] [苏]Ю.M.布然诺夫著,龚洛书,柳春圃译.混凝土工艺学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1985.
[6]水利水电科学研究院译.混凝土的强度和破坏译文集[M].北京:水利出版社,1984.
[7] JGJ 55-2000.普通混凝土配合比设计规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000.
[8]申爱琴.工程材料[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.
[9]谢洪学,沈承庭.混凝土配合比使用手册[M] .中国计划出版社,2002.
[10] [英] A·M·内维尔著,李国泮,马贞勇译.混凝土的性能[M].中国建筑工业出版社,1983.
[11]陈建奎,王栋民.高性能混凝土(HPC)配合比设计方法―—全计算法[J].硅酸盐学报,2004.
[12]邹晓翎.道路水泥混凝土配合比设计参数与微观结构研究[D].西安:长安大学,2007.
[13] JGJ F30-2003.公路水泥混凝土路面施工技术规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
[14]申爱琴.水泥与水泥混凝土[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2000.
[15]王安成.粗骨料架构特性与架构混凝土研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006.
[16] GB/T 50080-2002.普通混凝土拌和物性能试验方法标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[17]汪澜.水泥混凝土组成性能应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[18] [苏] M.Ю.列申斯基Б.Г.斯克拉姆达耶夫.许如源,郭永良译.混凝土强度试验[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1980.
[19]田冬梅.混凝土架构设计理论的研究[D].硕士论文.大连:大连理工大学,2005.
[20]张应立.现代混凝土配合比设计手册[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002.
[21]丛卓红,郑南翔.沥青混合料级配优化设计[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2007.
[22]王家主,吴少鹏.骨架密实型沥青混合料设计[J].公路交通科技,2006.
[23]刘海英.紧密嵌挤骨架密实型沥青混合料的初步探讨[J].辽宁交通科技,1996.
[24]姜庆林,刘奉桥.紧密嵌挤骨架密实型水泥稳定砂砾混合料配合比设计[J].东北公路,1998.
[25]陈忠达,袁万杰,高春海.多级嵌挤密实级配设计方法研究[J].中国公路学报,2006.
[26]姚学昌,谭积青,马立军.体积法设计沥青混合料配合比[J].公路,2003.
[27]陈华鑫,纤维沥青混凝土路面研究[D].硕士学位.西安:长安大学,2002.
[28]交通部水泥混凝土路面推广组.水泥混凝土路面研究[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1995.
[29] GBJ 107-1987.混凝土强度检验评定标准[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1987.
[30] GB 50010-2002.混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[31] JGJ D40-2002.公路水泥混凝土路面设计[S]规范.北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
[32]李志国.水泥净浆结粒机理研究[D].硕士论文.武汉:武汉理工大学,2004.
[33]曹志强.影响混凝土强度的几种因素分析[J].内蒙古石油化工,2003.
[34]日本道路协会.水泥混凝土路面设计施工纲领[M].1990.7.
[35]张现军.道路水泥混凝土力学性能及强度指标体系研究[D].硕士论文.西安:长安大学,2004.
[36] Kasmatka.Steven H. ,“Compressive versus Flexural Strength for Quality of pavements”Concrete Technology Today,PL854,Potland Cement Association,http://www.portcement.org/pdf_files/PL854.pdf,4-5.
[37] Steven H. Kasmatka,Beatrix Kerkhoff,William C.Panarese.钱觉时等译.混凝土设计与控制[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2005.
[2]徐定华,冯文元.混凝土材料实用指南[M].中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[3] [法]弗朗索瓦·德拉拉尔著,廖欣,叶枝荣,李启令译.混凝土混合料的配合[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[4]严家伋.道路建筑材料[M].人民交通出版社,2004.
[5] [苏]Ю.M.布然诺夫著,龚洛书,柳春圃译.混凝土工艺学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1985.
[6]水利水电科学研究院译.混凝土的强度和破坏译文集[M].北京:水利出版社,1984.
[7] JGJ 55-2000.普通混凝土配合比设计规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000.
[8]申爱琴.工程材料[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.
[9]谢洪学,沈承庭.混凝土配合比使用手册[M] .中国计划出版社,2002.
[10] [英] A·M·内维尔著,李国泮,马贞勇译.混凝土的性能[M].中国建筑工业出版社,1983.
[11]陈建奎,王栋民.高性能混凝土(HPC)配合比设计方法―—全计算法[J].硅酸盐学报,2004.
[12]邹晓翎.道路水泥混凝土配合比设计参数与微观结构研究[D].西安:长安大学,2007.
[13] JGJ F30-2003.公路水泥混凝土路面施工技术规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
[14]申爱琴.水泥与水泥混凝土[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2000.
[15]王安成.粗骨料架构特性与架构混凝土研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006.
[16] GB/T 50080-2002.普通混凝土拌和物性能试验方法标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[17]汪澜.水泥混凝土组成性能应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[18] [苏] M.Ю.列申斯基Б.Г.斯克拉姆达耶夫.许如源,郭永良译.混凝土强度试验[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1980.
[19]田冬梅.混凝土架构设计理论的研究[D].硕士论文.大连:大连理工大学,2005.
[20]张应立.现代混凝土配合比设计手册[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002.
[21]丛卓红,郑南翔.沥青混合料级配优化设计[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2007.
[22]王家主,吴少鹏.骨架密实型沥青混合料设计[J].公路交通科技,2006.
[23]刘海英.紧密嵌挤骨架密实型沥青混合料的初步探讨[J].辽宁交通科技,1996.
[24]姜庆林,刘奉桥.紧密嵌挤骨架密实型水泥稳定砂砾混合料配合比设计[J].东北公路,1998.
[25]陈忠达,袁万杰,高春海.多级嵌挤密实级配设计方法研究[J].中国公路学报,2006.
[26]姚学昌,谭积青,马立军.体积法设计沥青混合料配合比[J].公路,2003.
[27]陈华鑫,纤维沥青混凝土路面研究[D].硕士学位.西安:长安大学,2002.
[28]交通部水泥混凝土路面推广组.水泥混凝土路面研究[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1995.
[29] GBJ 107-1987.混凝土强度检验评定标准[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1987.
[30] GB 50010-2002.混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[31] JGJ D40-2002.公路水泥混凝土路面设计[S]规范.北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
[32]李志国.水泥净浆结粒机理研究[D].硕士论文.武汉:武汉理工大学,2004.
[33]曹志强.影响混凝土强度的几种因素分析[J].内蒙古石油化工,2003.
[34]日本道路协会.水泥混凝土路面设计施工纲领[M].1990.7.
[35]张现军.道路水泥混凝土力学性能及强度指标体系研究[D].硕士论文.西安:长安大学,2004.
[36] Kasmatka.Steven H. ,“Compressive versus Flexural Strength for Quality of pavements”Concrete Technology Today,PL854,Potland Cement Association,http://www.portcement.org/pdf_files/PL854.pdf,4-5.
[37] Steven H. Kasmatka,Beatrix Kerkhoff,William C.Panarese.钱觉时等译.混凝土设计与控制[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2005.