爱伦·坡小说与通俗文化
摘要
埃德加·爱伦·坡是十九世纪美国重要的诗人、小说家和文学评论家之一,被称为侦探小说、恐怖小说、科幻小说的鼻祖,他的文学评论涉及到同时代的诗歌和短篇小说创作,言辞犀利,影响深远。爱伦·坡的文学作品语言优美,形式别出心裁,内容独树一帜,风格鲜明张扬,不仅对后世文学,还包括通俗文化都产生了广泛的影响。
笔者在搜集和分析了近十年来公开发表的关于爱伦·坡的研究文章后发现,虽然相关研究数量众多,但主要都集中于解读其诗歌及小说文本,以及其生平创作研究,鲜有从通俗文化的视角来考察爱伦·坡的著作对后世的影响,更遑论专题研究其对电影艺术方面的影响了
笔者试从文化研究的视角,探讨爱伦·坡的小说与通俗文化的关系,特别是对当代电影的影响。通过将爱伦·坡的作品与阿尔弗莱德·希区柯克、蒂姆·波顿、斯蒂芬妮·梅尔等人的电影作品进行比较分析,分析出爱伦·坡与通俗文化的关系表现为：一方面爱伦·坡作品的刺激性、悬念性满足了现代读者的阅读期待,并与当代大众审美文化心理的契合产生了时代共鸣；另一方面,爱伦·坡的作品在满足现代人追求精神刺激的文化消费心理的同时,通过一些具有影响力的元素,在一定程度上影响着以大众电影为代表的通俗文化。通过电影的展现,使坡作品中的经典元素有了巨大的历史穿透力和广阔的文化阐释空间。
Edgar Allan Poe is among the most important American poets, novelists, and critics of the nineteenth century. He is considered as the father of American detective story, horror story and science fiction. He also produces some of the most influential literary criticism of his time dealing with important theoretical statements on poetry and short stories, which has had a worldwide influence on literature. His artistic innovations and use of literary devices earns him an honorable place in the field of literature and popular culture as well.
On the basis of studying the relevant publications in the past decade, the author of this thesis finds that most of them focus on interpretations of his poems or fiction, or comparative analysis of his life and his works. However, few of them focus on studying Poe and popular culture from the angle of contemporary movies.
This thesis attempts to take a closer look at Poe's fiction and popular culture. By analyzing the works by three great masters, namely Alfred Hitchcock, Tim Burton, Stephenie Meyer, it is sensible to conclude that their works have integrated connections with those of Poe's, which proves Poe's some connection with popular culture. On one hand, the poor and confused characters created by Poe have given a good expression of the living situation of modern people. On the other hand, the thrilling and suspenseful atmosphere created by Poe produces resonance with the aesthetic mentality of the mass society. By making the movies, the cultural industry makes people have new interpretations of the meaning and spirit in Poe's work.
笔者在搜集和分析了近十年来公开发表的关于爱伦·坡的研究文章后发现,虽然相关研究数量众多,但主要都集中于解读其诗歌及小说文本,以及其生平创作研究,鲜有从通俗文化的视角来考察爱伦·坡的著作对后世的影响,更遑论专题研究其对电影艺术方面的影响了
笔者试从文化研究的视角,探讨爱伦·坡的小说与通俗文化的关系,特别是对当代电影的影响。通过将爱伦·坡的作品与阿尔弗莱德·希区柯克、蒂姆·波顿、斯蒂芬妮·梅尔等人的电影作品进行比较分析,分析出爱伦·坡与通俗文化的关系表现为：一方面爱伦·坡作品的刺激性、悬念性满足了现代读者的阅读期待,并与当代大众审美文化心理的契合产生了时代共鸣；另一方面,爱伦·坡的作品在满足现代人追求精神刺激的文化消费心理的同时,通过一些具有影响力的元素,在一定程度上影响着以大众电影为代表的通俗文化。通过电影的展现,使坡作品中的经典元素有了巨大的历史穿透力和广阔的文化阐释空间。
Edgar Allan Poe is among the most important American poets, novelists, and critics of the nineteenth century. He is considered as the father of American detective story, horror story and science fiction. He also produces some of the most influential literary criticism of his time dealing with important theoretical statements on poetry and short stories, which has had a worldwide influence on literature. His artistic innovations and use of literary devices earns him an honorable place in the field of literature and popular culture as well.
On the basis of studying the relevant publications in the past decade, the author of this thesis finds that most of them focus on interpretations of his poems or fiction, or comparative analysis of his life and his works. However, few of them focus on studying Poe and popular culture from the angle of contemporary movies.
This thesis attempts to take a closer look at Poe's fiction and popular culture. By analyzing the works by three great masters, namely Alfred Hitchcock, Tim Burton, Stephenie Meyer, it is sensible to conclude that their works have integrated connections with those of Poe's, which proves Poe's some connection with popular culture. On one hand, the poor and confused characters created by Poe have given a good expression of the living situation of modern people. On the other hand, the thrilling and suspenseful atmosphere created by Poe produces resonance with the aesthetic mentality of the mass society. By making the movies, the cultural industry makes people have new interpretations of the meaning and spirit in Poe's work.
引文
Auerbach, Jonathan. The Romance of Failure:First-Person Fictions of Poe, Hawthorne, and James. New York:Oxford University Press,1989.
Auerbach, Nina. Our Vampires, Ourselves. Chicago:The University of Chicago Press, 1995.
Bernard, Suzanne, and Bruce Fink, eds. Reading Seminar ⅩⅩ:Lacan's Major Work on Love, Knowledge, and Feminine Sexuality. Albany:SUNY,2002.
Bloomfield, Shelley Costa. The Everything Guide to Poe:The Life, Times, and Work of a Tormented Genius. New York:Everything Books,2007.
Burton, Tim. Burton on Burton. New York:Paperback,2000.
Bronte, Emily. Wuthering Heights. New York:Bantam Dell,1983.
Carlson, Eric, ed. The Recognition of Poe:Selected Criticism since 1829. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press,1966.
Davis, Robert Con. "Lacan, Poe and Narrative Repression". Lacan and Narration:The Psychoanalytic Difference in Narrative Theory. Baltimore:Johns Hopkins UP,1983.
Dundes, Alan. The Vampire:A Casebook. Winsconsin:The University of Winsconsin Press,1998.
Evans, Dylan. An Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. London: Routledge,1996.
Eric, W. Carlson. A Companion to Poe Studies. US:Green-wood Press,1996. . The Recognition of Poe. US:The University of Michigan Press,1970.
Fink, Bruce. The Lacanian Subject:Between Language and Jouissance. New Jersey: Princeton UP,1995. . A Clinical Introduction to Lacanian Psychoanalysis:Theory and Technique. Mass.: Harvard University Press,1997.
Felski, Rita. Literature after Feminism. Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,2003.
Graham Clarke, general ed. Poe:Critical Assessments. Helm Information Ltd,1991.
Heller, Terry. The Delights of Terror:An Aesthetics of the Tale of Terror. Chicago: University of Illinois Press,1987.
Heiland, Donna. Gothic and Gender:An Introduction. Carlton:Blackwell Publishing, 2004.
Ian, Walker. Poe:the Critical Heritage. London and New York:Routledge,1979.
Meyer, Jeffrey. Poe:His Life and Legacy. New York:Charles Scribner's Sons,1992.
Jack, Sullivan. New World Symphonies:How American Culture Changed European Music. New Haven & London:Yale University Press,1999.
Kevin, J. Hayes. "Introduction". Ed. Kevin J. Hayes. The Cambridge Companion to Poe. New York:Cambridge University Press,2002.
Kennedy, J. Gerald. Poe, Death, and the Life of Writing. New Haven:Yale University Press,1987.
Meyer, Stephenie. Twilight. London:Atom,2007.
Poe, Edgar Allan. A Complete Collection of Tales by Poe. Shanghai:World Publishing Corporation,2008.
Patrick, F. Quinn. The French Face of Poe. U.S.:Southern Illinois University Press, 1957.
Regan, Robert, ed. Poe:A Collection of Critical Essays. New Jersey:Prentice-Hall, 1967.
Silverman, Kenneth, ed. New Essays on Poe's Major Tales. New York:Cambridge University Press,1993.
Spoto, Donald. The Art of Alfred Hitchcock:Fifty Years of His Motion Pictures. New York:Hopkinson and Blake,1976. The Dark Side of Genius:The Life of Alfred Hitchcock. Boston:Little, Brown and Company,1983.
Storey, John. Cultural Theory and Popular Culture. Beijing:Peking University Press, 2004.
Terence, Whalen. Poe and the Masses:The Political Economy of Literature in Antebellum America. UK:Princeton University Press,1999.
Truffaut, Francois. Hitchcock. New York:Touchstone,1967.
陈良廷等：《爱伦·坡小说精选》,北京：中国戏剧出版社,2006年。
曹曼：“从‘效果说’看爱伦·坡作品主题的艺术表现架构”,《外国文学研究》,2005年第3期。
曹曼：“国内外爱伦·坡研究综述与比较”,《湖北第二师范学院学报》,2008年第 1期。
龚月竹：“爱伦·坡国内研究现状”,《安徽文学》,2008年第10期。
李会芳：“西方埃德加·爱伦·坡研究的三个阶段”,《世界文学评论》,2006年第1期。
梁卿：《希区柯克传》,北京：中信出版社,2004年。
盛宁：“爱伦·坡与‘五四’运动以后的中国现代文学”,《国外文学》,1981年第4期。
苏理华,张华：“试论爱伦·坡短篇小说《泄密的心》的恐怖效果”,《成都大学学报(教育科学版)》,2008年第11期。
肖明翰：“英美文学中的哥特传统”,《外国文学评论》,2001年第2期。
吴玉玉,张海生：“论侦探小说的视觉性特征”,《安徽文学》,2008年第2期。
王建陵：“哥特式鬼魅下绽放的纯真童话——解读蒂姆·伯顿的《僵尸新娘》”,《当代电影》,2009年第3期。
王齐建：“首要目标是独创——爱伦·坡故事风格管窥”,《外国文学研究》,1980年第4期。
王强译,史育哲：《第三种可能／希区柯克悬念故事集》,北京：中央编译出版社,2005年。
朱振武：《爱伦·坡小说全解》,上海：学林出版社,2008年。
朱振武,邓娜娜：“爱伦坡现象与通俗文化”,《国外文学》,2008年1月。
朱振武,王子红：“美韵彰显的特异之‘花’——论坡的哥特式小说”,《西华大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》,2006年第5期。
朱振武,杨婷：“当代美国爱伦·坡研究新走势”,《当代外国文学》,2006年第4期。
赵荔红：“无人揭开的悬念——希区柯克的电影”,《福建艺术》,2009年第1期。
庄琦春：“希区柯克电影文本美学分析”,《首都师范大学学报(社会科学版)》,2009年第4期。
张娅：“悬疑片中的叙事方式探微——从希区柯克的几部电影谈起”,《安徽文学》,2008年第3期。
Auerbach, Nina. Our Vampires, Ourselves. Chicago:The University of Chicago Press, 1995.
Bernard, Suzanne, and Bruce Fink, eds. Reading Seminar ⅩⅩ:Lacan's Major Work on Love, Knowledge, and Feminine Sexuality. Albany:SUNY,2002.
Bloomfield, Shelley Costa. The Everything Guide to Poe:The Life, Times, and Work of a Tormented Genius. New York:Everything Books,2007.
Burton, Tim. Burton on Burton. New York:Paperback,2000.
Bronte, Emily. Wuthering Heights. New York:Bantam Dell,1983.
Carlson, Eric, ed. The Recognition of Poe:Selected Criticism since 1829. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press,1966.
Davis, Robert Con. "Lacan, Poe and Narrative Repression". Lacan and Narration:The Psychoanalytic Difference in Narrative Theory. Baltimore:Johns Hopkins UP,1983.
Dundes, Alan. The Vampire:A Casebook. Winsconsin:The University of Winsconsin Press,1998.
Evans, Dylan. An Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. London: Routledge,1996.
Eric, W. Carlson. A Companion to Poe Studies. US:Green-wood Press,1996. . The Recognition of Poe. US:The University of Michigan Press,1970.
Fink, Bruce. The Lacanian Subject:Between Language and Jouissance. New Jersey: Princeton UP,1995. . A Clinical Introduction to Lacanian Psychoanalysis:Theory and Technique. Mass.: Harvard University Press,1997.
Felski, Rita. Literature after Feminism. Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,2003.
Graham Clarke, general ed. Poe:Critical Assessments. Helm Information Ltd,1991.
Heller, Terry. The Delights of Terror:An Aesthetics of the Tale of Terror. Chicago: University of Illinois Press,1987.
Heiland, Donna. Gothic and Gender:An Introduction. Carlton:Blackwell Publishing, 2004.
Ian, Walker. Poe:the Critical Heritage. London and New York:Routledge,1979.
Meyer, Jeffrey. Poe:His Life and Legacy. New York:Charles Scribner's Sons,1992.
Jack, Sullivan. New World Symphonies:How American Culture Changed European Music. New Haven & London:Yale University Press,1999.
Kevin, J. Hayes. "Introduction". Ed. Kevin J. Hayes. The Cambridge Companion to Poe. New York:Cambridge University Press,2002.
Kennedy, J. Gerald. Poe, Death, and the Life of Writing. New Haven:Yale University Press,1987.
Meyer, Stephenie. Twilight. London:Atom,2007.
Poe, Edgar Allan. A Complete Collection of Tales by Poe. Shanghai:World Publishing Corporation,2008.
Patrick, F. Quinn. The French Face of Poe. U.S.:Southern Illinois University Press, 1957.
Regan, Robert, ed. Poe:A Collection of Critical Essays. New Jersey:Prentice-Hall, 1967.
Silverman, Kenneth, ed. New Essays on Poe's Major Tales. New York:Cambridge University Press,1993.
Spoto, Donald. The Art of Alfred Hitchcock:Fifty Years of His Motion Pictures. New York:Hopkinson and Blake,1976. The Dark Side of Genius:The Life of Alfred Hitchcock. Boston:Little, Brown and Company,1983.
Storey, John. Cultural Theory and Popular Culture. Beijing:Peking University Press, 2004.
Terence, Whalen. Poe and the Masses:The Political Economy of Literature in Antebellum America. UK:Princeton University Press,1999.
Truffaut, Francois. Hitchcock. New York:Touchstone,1967.
陈良廷等：《爱伦·坡小说精选》,北京：中国戏剧出版社,2006年。
曹曼：“从‘效果说’看爱伦·坡作品主题的艺术表现架构”,《外国文学研究》,2005年第3期。
曹曼：“国内外爱伦·坡研究综述与比较”,《湖北第二师范学院学报》,2008年第 1期。
龚月竹：“爱伦·坡国内研究现状”,《安徽文学》,2008年第10期。
李会芳：“西方埃德加·爱伦·坡研究的三个阶段”,《世界文学评论》,2006年第1期。
梁卿：《希区柯克传》,北京：中信出版社,2004年。
盛宁：“爱伦·坡与‘五四’运动以后的中国现代文学”,《国外文学》,1981年第4期。
苏理华,张华：“试论爱伦·坡短篇小说《泄密的心》的恐怖效果”,《成都大学学报(教育科学版)》,2008年第11期。
肖明翰：“英美文学中的哥特传统”,《外国文学评论》,2001年第2期。
吴玉玉,张海生：“论侦探小说的视觉性特征”,《安徽文学》,2008年第2期。
王建陵：“哥特式鬼魅下绽放的纯真童话——解读蒂姆·伯顿的《僵尸新娘》”,《当代电影》,2009年第3期。
王齐建：“首要目标是独创——爱伦·坡故事风格管窥”,《外国文学研究》,1980年第4期。
王强译,史育哲：《第三种可能／希区柯克悬念故事集》,北京：中央编译出版社,2005年。
朱振武：《爱伦·坡小说全解》,上海：学林出版社,2008年。
朱振武,邓娜娜：“爱伦坡现象与通俗文化”,《国外文学》,2008年1月。
朱振武,王子红：“美韵彰显的特异之‘花’——论坡的哥特式小说”,《西华大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》,2006年第5期。
朱振武,杨婷：“当代美国爱伦·坡研究新走势”,《当代外国文学》,2006年第4期。
赵荔红：“无人揭开的悬念——希区柯克的电影”,《福建艺术》,2009年第1期。
庄琦春：“希区柯克电影文本美学分析”,《首都师范大学学报(社会科学版)》,2009年第4期。
张娅：“悬疑片中的叙事方式探微——从希区柯克的几部电影谈起”,《安徽文学》,2008年第3期。
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |