基于工业以太网的多系统数据通讯的设计与开发
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摘要
众所周知,从计算机技术介入到工业控制应用领域开始,伴生的“信息孤岛”问题就一直困绕着业界。“信息孤岛”相当严重地限制了信息交换继而约束了应用领域的拓展。
济南鲍德气体有限公司担负着济钢全公司的压缩空气、氧气、氮气等气体的供应任务。主要生产设备包括1～6#制氧机、水处理系统、集中空压机站、氧压机站等。现有的各控制系统种类复杂,型号各不相同,控制方式也不同。随着自动化生产的发展、管控一体化的要求和不同厂家系统之间系统融合的需要,同时也为了简化和降低不同系统对接成本的需要,应采用一些通用的技术手段来解决不同系统的对接问题,以实现不同厂家的硬件和软件所构成的计算机系统之间的数据交换和通讯。
本文基于鲍德气体有限公司管控中心项目,本课题的主要工作是针对济南鲍德气体有限公司管控中心现有的各控制系统各自独立的情况,对实现各系统与服务器之间的数据通讯、网络安全以及信息Web发布等进行对象分析,根据现场实际运行情况,找出与不同厂家的硬件以及软件进行通讯的合适的通讯协议或合理的方案,彻底实现控制系统与管理系统的数据共享。
在此基础上,在管控中心设置统一的管理监控平台,通过Web浏览器进行信息发布。让企业的上层管理者能够及时、直观地了解生产现场的运行情况。并将这些实时数据长期保存,对实时数据和历史数据进行各种数据挖掘分析(如厂级性能计算、厂级故障诊断、负荷计算等等),改变多个控制系统各自独立,无法进行综合分析,无法进行统一规划和利用全局资源的局面。同时也可以向上一级总公司能源中心系统提供其所需要的实时和历史生产数据。
该项目在全国空分行业属于首次应用。它创新地实现了安全稳定的工业控制网与信息管理网的有机融合。采用不同通讯协议实现了复杂多样的数据源和采集平台之间的信息传递及安全隔离。实现了生产无扰的安全在线不停产改造和分布式Web的远程数据访问技术。数据的核算告别人为平衡的历史,使管理走向科学性、快速性和准确性。为济钢气体公司管理的扁平化奠定了坚实的基础。
It is well known that since the computer technology involved in industrial control applications, industries have been troubled by the problem of "isolated-islands of information". It seriously limits the exchange of information and also restrains the expansion of application fields.
Jinan Baode Gas Co. LTD is a company to supply Jigang with different kinds of gas like compressed air, oxygen and nitrogen. The factory has many equipments that include No.1～6 oxygen plant, water-treatment systems, centralized air-compress stations and oxygen-compress stations. The existing control systems have complicated types, different models and control methods. With the development of the production automation, the requirements of integration between management and control, and the needs of gathering among the systems from different manufacturers, different problems docking system should be solved by using some common technical means. They can also simplify and reduce the cost of different systems docking. Therefore, data exchange and communications between computer systems comprised by different hardware and software made by different companies can be implemented.
Based on the project, we firstly analyze the communication protocol, network security and reliability that each control system supports. Then we propose reasonable solutions based on industrial Ethernet and achieve data sharing of control and management systems.
On this basis, managing and monitoring platform is settled in the managing and control center and information is distributed through a Web browser. Then the managers will directly know the situation of fieldwork in time. They can store the real-time data and doing different analysis of real-time data and historical data (such as factory-level performance, the plant level fault diagnosis, burthen calculation, etc.). Without this project, different control systems are independent. It is hard to do comprehensive analysis, unified planning and usage of global resources. At the same time, it can supply real-time and historical production data energy center system for upper corporation needs.
The project is first application on air-separate vocation. It integrated industrial control network which operates safely and stably and information management network. It uses different communication protocols to transmit and separate data between complex resources and collection platforms safely. It achieves online non-stop improvement without disturbing production and Distributed Web and remote data access technology. It ends the history of artificial balance and makes the management scientific, fast and accurate. It also sets solid foundation of management for Jigang Baode Gas Company.
济南鲍德气体有限公司担负着济钢全公司的压缩空气、氧气、氮气等气体的供应任务。主要生产设备包括1～6#制氧机、水处理系统、集中空压机站、氧压机站等。现有的各控制系统种类复杂,型号各不相同,控制方式也不同。随着自动化生产的发展、管控一体化的要求和不同厂家系统之间系统融合的需要,同时也为了简化和降低不同系统对接成本的需要,应采用一些通用的技术手段来解决不同系统的对接问题,以实现不同厂家的硬件和软件所构成的计算机系统之间的数据交换和通讯。
本文基于鲍德气体有限公司管控中心项目,本课题的主要工作是针对济南鲍德气体有限公司管控中心现有的各控制系统各自独立的情况,对实现各系统与服务器之间的数据通讯、网络安全以及信息Web发布等进行对象分析,根据现场实际运行情况,找出与不同厂家的硬件以及软件进行通讯的合适的通讯协议或合理的方案,彻底实现控制系统与管理系统的数据共享。
在此基础上,在管控中心设置统一的管理监控平台,通过Web浏览器进行信息发布。让企业的上层管理者能够及时、直观地了解生产现场的运行情况。并将这些实时数据长期保存,对实时数据和历史数据进行各种数据挖掘分析(如厂级性能计算、厂级故障诊断、负荷计算等等),改变多个控制系统各自独立,无法进行综合分析,无法进行统一规划和利用全局资源的局面。同时也可以向上一级总公司能源中心系统提供其所需要的实时和历史生产数据。
该项目在全国空分行业属于首次应用。它创新地实现了安全稳定的工业控制网与信息管理网的有机融合。采用不同通讯协议实现了复杂多样的数据源和采集平台之间的信息传递及安全隔离。实现了生产无扰的安全在线不停产改造和分布式Web的远程数据访问技术。数据的核算告别人为平衡的历史,使管理走向科学性、快速性和准确性。为济钢气体公司管理的扁平化奠定了坚实的基础。
It is well known that since the computer technology involved in industrial control applications, industries have been troubled by the problem of "isolated-islands of information". It seriously limits the exchange of information and also restrains the expansion of application fields.
Jinan Baode Gas Co. LTD is a company to supply Jigang with different kinds of gas like compressed air, oxygen and nitrogen. The factory has many equipments that include No.1～6 oxygen plant, water-treatment systems, centralized air-compress stations and oxygen-compress stations. The existing control systems have complicated types, different models and control methods. With the development of the production automation, the requirements of integration between management and control, and the needs of gathering among the systems from different manufacturers, different problems docking system should be solved by using some common technical means. They can also simplify and reduce the cost of different systems docking. Therefore, data exchange and communications between computer systems comprised by different hardware and software made by different companies can be implemented.
Based on the project, we firstly analyze the communication protocol, network security and reliability that each control system supports. Then we propose reasonable solutions based on industrial Ethernet and achieve data sharing of control and management systems.
On this basis, managing and monitoring platform is settled in the managing and control center and information is distributed through a Web browser. Then the managers will directly know the situation of fieldwork in time. They can store the real-time data and doing different analysis of real-time data and historical data (such as factory-level performance, the plant level fault diagnosis, burthen calculation, etc.). Without this project, different control systems are independent. It is hard to do comprehensive analysis, unified planning and usage of global resources. At the same time, it can supply real-time and historical production data energy center system for upper corporation needs.
The project is first application on air-separate vocation. It integrated industrial control network which operates safely and stably and information management network. It uses different communication protocols to transmit and separate data between complex resources and collection platforms safely. It achieves online non-stop improvement without disturbing production and Distributed Web and remote data access technology. It ends the history of artificial balance and makes the management scientific, fast and accurate. It also sets solid foundation of management for Jigang Baode Gas Company.
引文
[1]杨广福.宝钢炼铁厂管控一体化实践[J].炼铁.2006,25(6):23-26
[2]王永洪等.管控一体化在烧结生产系统的开发应用[J].天津冶金.2001,3:49-51
[3]陈晖等.基于Web的分布式油田管控一体化系统关键技术及其实现[J].石油仪器.2005,19(4):8-10
[4]高素萍.基于复合型网络的污水处理厂管控一体化系统[J].电气传动.2006,36(11):61-64
[5]宋仁杰等.一种优化的DCS通讯接口方案[J].电力系统自动化.2005,29(19):82-85
[6]金青等.基于Modbus/TCP的工业以太网通信.仪器仪表标准化与计量.2006.1:22-24
[7]横河CENTUM CS3000系统手册
[8]阳宪惠.工业数据通信与控制网络[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[9]李建平.Web数据库应用的结构[J].山西科技.2006年,5:38-40
[10]彭秀芬,徐宁.计算机网络信息系统安全防护分析[J].网络安全技术与应用.2006,12:52-54
[11]苗立民.生产管理网络系统的硬件架构安全性研究[J].石油化工自动化.2006,6:34-37
[12]网络与通讯.工业以太网已成为主流应用.http://www.gongkong.com.cn.2006.6
[13]徐立辰.管控一体化的工业以太网平台.http://www.gongkong.com.cn.
[14]杨小健.管控一体化技术综述.工业控制计算机.2003,16(10):4-5
[15]李明河夏冰.基于OPC规范的炼钢厂控制信息系统集成.自动化与仪表.2006,4:27-30
[16]孙锋.网络安全与防黑技术.机械工业出版社,2004年4月
[17]Netscreen 204防火墙参考手册
[18]济钢能源中心参考资料
[19]范兴钢等.基于OPC的以太网网络管理.信息与控制.2003,2:113-117
[20]Oracle 9i入门与提高.清华大学出版社,2005年7月
[21]OPC应用http://www.gongkong.com,2007.10.
[22]OPC Foundation.OPCSpecifications.http://www.orgfoundation.org,2000.9.
[23]MODBUS.ORG;MODBUS Application Protocol Specification;http://www.modbus.org.
[24]Dave Harrold.Ethernet Meets Requirements of Deregulated Electric Industries[J].Control Engineering,1999(4):23-27
[25]Feng LL,Moyne JR,ilbury DM.Performance Evaluation of Control Networks:Ethernet,Control Net,and Device Net[J].IEEE Control System Magazine,2001,21(1):66-83
[26]Erik V,Stefan R,Ulrich R.Measurements in switched Ethernet networks used for automation systems[A].WPCS-2000[C].Portugal:2000IEEE:231-238.
[27]OPC Foundation.OPC data access custom interface specification version 3.0[EB/OL].http://www.orgfoundation.org,2003.
[28]Comer D E.Internet working with TCP/IP,YolumeⅡ:design,implementation,and internals[M].4th ed.Washington DC:PrenticeHall,2000
[29]郑文波.控制网络技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001
[30]王永安等.基于OPC技术的三层实时信息系统框架.微计算机信息.2006,22:130-132
[31]阳宪惠.OPC技术及其对工控系统丌发性的影响[J].工业控制计算机,2001,9:5-8.
[32]柴凯,侯立刚,姜军银.OPC技术在工业过程控制中的应用研究.工业仪表与自动化装置.2005,3:70-72
[33]Roth P,Bouricius W G.Programmed logarithms to compute tests to detect and distinguish between failures in logic circuits[J].IEEE Trans Electron Computer,1977,16(5):567-580.
[34]樊昌信,张甫翊,徐炳祥等.通信原理[M].第5版.北京:国防工业出版社,2002.
[35]陈盛云,陈昆梅,许大丹.对异构设备的系统集成.基础自动化2000,8:45-47
[2]王永洪等.管控一体化在烧结生产系统的开发应用[J].天津冶金.2001,3:49-51
[3]陈晖等.基于Web的分布式油田管控一体化系统关键技术及其实现[J].石油仪器.2005,19(4):8-10
[4]高素萍.基于复合型网络的污水处理厂管控一体化系统[J].电气传动.2006,36(11):61-64
[5]宋仁杰等.一种优化的DCS通讯接口方案[J].电力系统自动化.2005,29(19):82-85
[6]金青等.基于Modbus/TCP的工业以太网通信.仪器仪表标准化与计量.2006.1:22-24
[7]横河CENTUM CS3000系统手册
[8]阳宪惠.工业数据通信与控制网络[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[9]李建平.Web数据库应用的结构[J].山西科技.2006年,5:38-40
[10]彭秀芬,徐宁.计算机网络信息系统安全防护分析[J].网络安全技术与应用.2006,12:52-54
[11]苗立民.生产管理网络系统的硬件架构安全性研究[J].石油化工自动化.2006,6:34-37
[12]网络与通讯.工业以太网已成为主流应用.http://www.gongkong.com.cn.2006.6
[13]徐立辰.管控一体化的工业以太网平台.http://www.gongkong.com.cn.
[14]杨小健.管控一体化技术综述.工业控制计算机.2003,16(10):4-5
[15]李明河夏冰.基于OPC规范的炼钢厂控制信息系统集成.自动化与仪表.2006,4:27-30
[16]孙锋.网络安全与防黑技术.机械工业出版社,2004年4月
[17]Netscreen 204防火墙参考手册
[18]济钢能源中心参考资料
[19]范兴钢等.基于OPC的以太网网络管理.信息与控制.2003,2:113-117
[20]Oracle 9i入门与提高.清华大学出版社,2005年7月
[21]OPC应用http://www.gongkong.com,2007.10.
[22]OPC Foundation.OPCSpecifications.http://www.orgfoundation.org,2000.9.
[23]MODBUS.ORG;MODBUS Application Protocol Specification;http://www.modbus.org.
[24]Dave Harrold.Ethernet Meets Requirements of Deregulated Electric Industries[J].Control Engineering,1999(4):23-27
[25]Feng LL,Moyne JR,ilbury DM.Performance Evaluation of Control Networks:Ethernet,Control Net,and Device Net[J].IEEE Control System Magazine,2001,21(1):66-83
[26]Erik V,Stefan R,Ulrich R.Measurements in switched Ethernet networks used for automation systems[A].WPCS-2000[C].Portugal:2000IEEE:231-238.
[27]OPC Foundation.OPC data access custom interface specification version 3.0[EB/OL].http://www.orgfoundation.org,2003.
[28]Comer D E.Internet working with TCP/IP,YolumeⅡ:design,implementation,and internals[M].4th ed.Washington DC:PrenticeHall,2000
[29]郑文波.控制网络技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001
[30]王永安等.基于OPC技术的三层实时信息系统框架.微计算机信息.2006,22:130-132
[31]阳宪惠.OPC技术及其对工控系统丌发性的影响[J].工业控制计算机,2001,9:5-8.
[32]柴凯,侯立刚,姜军银.OPC技术在工业过程控制中的应用研究.工业仪表与自动化装置.2005,3:70-72
[33]Roth P,Bouricius W G.Programmed logarithms to compute tests to detect and distinguish between failures in logic circuits[J].IEEE Trans Electron Computer,1977,16(5):567-580.
[34]樊昌信,张甫翊,徐炳祥等.通信原理[M].第5版.北京:国防工业出版社,2002.
[35]陈盛云,陈昆梅,许大丹.对异构设备的系统集成.基础自动化2000,8:45-47