混合动力挖掘机动力总成及参数匹配方法研究
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摘要
节能减排是当前工程机械的发展方向,现有的节能方法遇到瓶颈,很难进一步大幅提高节能效果。随着混合动力技术在汽车上的成功应用,混合动力驱动液压挖掘机节能方案也受到国内外研究机构的青睐,但至今在国外只有个别公司推出样机,而国内研究才刚刚开始。本文围绕液压挖掘机混合动力驱动技术的研究取得了以下主要的初步进展:
1、通过对5t液压挖掘机的三种动力复合模式的建模、仿真和比较,选择一种以动力NIMH电池组为储能单元直接接入直流母线的并联复合结构模式,以期节能效果和成本的综合优化。
2、提出一种基于混合度优化的挖掘机动力参数匹配方法,并用于5t混合动力挖掘机设计,仿真结果表明能满足挖掘机重载工况的动力需求,实现主、辅动力源的优化匹配。
3、提出一种基于工况识别和动态混合度优化的并联混合动力液压挖掘机动力总成控制策略,在实现动力源、液压泵和负载三者功率匹配的同时,优化双动力源的工作点,提高整机的燃油经济性。
4、提出一种基于能量守恒和四线法的SOC预测方法,该方法能够适应混合动力挖掘机大电流、变电流工况下电池组SOC估算的准确性,克服了传统SOC估算策略无法适应大电流变电流工况的缺点。
5、研究建立了5t并联混合动力液压挖掘机综合实验平台,对论文提出的观点和方法进行了相关试验验证。
Nowadays,energy saving and exaust reduction have become the main objects for construction machinery.However,it is hard for the conventional methods to further improve energy saving.So new technology is urgently needed.The hybrid power technology is paid much attention to by energy saving researchers of construction machinery due to its good performance in hev.Hybrid excavator is a new research direction.Only several foreign companys have produced prototypes of hybrid excavator and we just start research on it.This thesis mainly centralized research on the key technologies of hybrid hydraulic excavator,and the research progress is as follows:
1.Three types of hybrid configurations are studied based on the simulation model.After comparing their mian performances,the parallel configuration in which the NIMH batteries are directly connected with the DC/AC converter is chosen to be the basic configuration for further study.
2.A kind of parameter matching method based on hyrid factor optimization is proposed and is used in the parameter design of a 5-ton hybrid hydraulic excavator.The simulation result shows that the proposed method can realize parameter optimization between the main power source and the auxiliary one.
3.A control strategy based on load recognition and dynamic hybrid factor optimization is proposed.It realizes power matching among the power source,the hydraulic pump and the load.Meanwhile it optimizes the working points of the two power sources by which the fuel consumption can be reduced.
4.A kind of SOC estimation strategy based on the law of energy conservation and four-line's measurement is proposed.This strategy can be used to estimate the SOC of the batteries working under high charging/discharging rates.
5.A test bench of 5-ton hybrid hydraulic excavator is built.And the key technologies studied in this thesis are experimented on this test bench.
1、通过对5t液压挖掘机的三种动力复合模式的建模、仿真和比较,选择一种以动力NIMH电池组为储能单元直接接入直流母线的并联复合结构模式,以期节能效果和成本的综合优化。
2、提出一种基于混合度优化的挖掘机动力参数匹配方法,并用于5t混合动力挖掘机设计,仿真结果表明能满足挖掘机重载工况的动力需求,实现主、辅动力源的优化匹配。
3、提出一种基于工况识别和动态混合度优化的并联混合动力液压挖掘机动力总成控制策略,在实现动力源、液压泵和负载三者功率匹配的同时,优化双动力源的工作点,提高整机的燃油经济性。
4、提出一种基于能量守恒和四线法的SOC预测方法,该方法能够适应混合动力挖掘机大电流、变电流工况下电池组SOC估算的准确性,克服了传统SOC估算策略无法适应大电流变电流工况的缺点。
5、研究建立了5t并联混合动力液压挖掘机综合实验平台,对论文提出的观点和方法进行了相关试验验证。
Nowadays,energy saving and exaust reduction have become the main objects for construction machinery.However,it is hard for the conventional methods to further improve energy saving.So new technology is urgently needed.The hybrid power technology is paid much attention to by energy saving researchers of construction machinery due to its good performance in hev.Hybrid excavator is a new research direction.Only several foreign companys have produced prototypes of hybrid excavator and we just start research on it.This thesis mainly centralized research on the key technologies of hybrid hydraulic excavator,and the research progress is as follows:
1.Three types of hybrid configurations are studied based on the simulation model.After comparing their mian performances,the parallel configuration in which the NIMH batteries are directly connected with the DC/AC converter is chosen to be the basic configuration for further study.
2.A kind of parameter matching method based on hyrid factor optimization is proposed and is used in the parameter design of a 5-ton hybrid hydraulic excavator.The simulation result shows that the proposed method can realize parameter optimization between the main power source and the auxiliary one.
3.A control strategy based on load recognition and dynamic hybrid factor optimization is proposed.It realizes power matching among the power source,the hydraulic pump and the load.Meanwhile it optimizes the working points of the two power sources by which the fuel consumption can be reduced.
4.A kind of SOC estimation strategy based on the law of energy conservation and four-line's measurement is proposed.This strategy can be used to estimate the SOC of the batteries working under high charging/discharging rates.
5.A test bench of 5-ton hybrid hydraulic excavator is built.And the key technologies studied in this thesis are experimented on this test bench.
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