五皮口服液对鸡痛风的防治作用研究
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摘要
鸡痛风是鸡体内尿酸生成过多或排泄障碍导致血液中蓄积过量尿酸，进而造成尿酸盐在体内沉积的一种营养代谢障碍性疾病，分为内脏型痛风和关节型痛风，该病为商品鸡的常见多发病，发病率、死亡率高，给养殖生产造成比较严重的经济损失，科学合理地防治鸡痛风有利于促进养殖业的发展。本试验主要从鸡痛风模型的制作，五皮口服液对鸡痛风模型的防治作用，五皮口服液对鸡痛风自然病例的治疗效果等方面入手，对五皮口服液的有效性、稳定性、安全性进行客观评价，为后续的临床用药提供科学依据。结果如下：
1.鸡痛风模型的制作：对40日龄海兰蛋鸡饲喂含蛋白质27%、钙5%的高钙高蛋白饲料，试验鸡逐渐表现出典型的痛风症状。在造模的第35天时，试验鸡尿酸含量在480μmol/L以上的鸡达135只，结合临床症状、剖检变化进行综合判定，认定发病率为93.1%。
2.五皮口服液对鸡痛风模型的防治作用：将200只40日龄海兰蛋鸡随机分成A～H共8组，A组为健康对照组；B组为五皮口服液预防组，在饲喂高钙高蛋白饲料的同时在每升饮水中添加4mL五皮口服液；C～H组饲喂高钙高蛋白饲料制作鸡痛风模型，其中C组为模型对照组；D、E、F、G、H组分别为五皮口服液低、中、高剂量治疗组、八正合剂治疗组、乌洛托品治疗组，在造模第36天时分别在每升饮水中添加2，4，8mL五皮口服液、1mL八正合剂和0.4g乌洛托品。结果表明，B组试验鸡在试验过程中未出现明显痛风症状。第35天时，B组血清XOD、ALT活性及UA、Cr含量极显著低于C组（P＜0.01），Ur含量显著低于C组（P＜0.05），与A组相当（P＞0.05），表明五皮口服液对鸡痛风有良好的预防效果。用药第3天时症状明显减轻，D、E、F组UA含量极显著低于C组（P＜0.01）；D、F组Cr含量极显著低于C组（P＜0.01），与A组相当（P＞0.05）；F组AST及E、F组ALT极显著低于C组（P＜0.01），D组显著低于C组（P＜0.05），与A组相当（P＞0.05）。治疗第7天时，E组XOD显著低于C组（P＜0.05），与A组相当（P＞0.05）；D、E、F组UA含量极显著低于C组（P＜0.01）；F组Cr、Ur极显著低于C组（P＜0.01），D、E、F组与A组相当（P＞0.05）；D、F组ALT及AST显著低于C组（P＜0.05），D、E、F组与A组相当（P＞0.05）。第3~7天时，E、F组血清黄嘌呤氧化酶活性、尿酸含量及肝脏、肾脏功能与G、H组相近。综合临床表现、剖检变化、血清学检查、内脏组织病理学变化，认定五皮口服液对鸡痛风有良好的治疗效果。
3.五皮口服液对鸡痛风自然病例的治疗作用：将100只痛风病鸡分为2组，A组为五皮口服液治疗组，在每升饮水中添加4mL五皮口服液。B组为八正合剂治疗组，在每升饮水中添加1mL八正合剂。对各治疗组的疗效进行观察，统计试验鸡体增重、料肉比并检测血清黄嘌呤氧化酶活性、尿酸含量。在第7天时，五皮口服液治疗的治愈率为78.00%，有效率为90.00%，与八正合剂治疗组相近。五皮口服液治疗组试验鸡体增重、料肉比及血清黄嘌呤氧化酶活性、尿酸含量逐渐恢复正常，和八正合剂治疗组差异不显著（P＞0.05）。综合有效率、料肉比及血清学检查，认定五皮口服液治疗效果显著。
Chicken gout is a nutritional and metabolic disorder disease resulted from uratedepositing in vivo caused by too much generation or acatharsia of uric acid in blood andincludes visceral gout and articular gout. Gout is a common disease in chicken whosemorbidity and mortality are very high, and brings very serious damage to poultry raising.Scientific and reasonable prevention and treatment method can promote the development ofpoultry raising. This experiment included the construction of chicken gout model, preventionand treatment experiment of Wupi oral liquid on chicken gout model, treament effect of Wupioral liquid on natural chicken gout case. The purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness,stability, safety of this medicine and provide scientific foundation for the later clinical use.The results were as follows:
1. Construction of chicken gout model:40-day-old Hyline layers were fed withcalcium and protein of high level, and the diet contained27%protein and5%calcium. Thechicken gradually showed typical symptoms of gout. At Day35,135chicken’s uric acid levelwas higher than480μmol/L. According to clinical symptoms as well as necroscopy changes,the morbidity was affirmed of93.1%.
2. Prevention and treatment experiment of Wupi oral liquid on chicken gout model:Two hundred40-day-old Hyline layers were randomly divided into8groups from group A toH. Group A was normal control group. Group B was fed with calcium and protein of highlevel, and added Wupi oral liquid into drinking water at the dose of4mL/L at the same timeas Wupi oral liquid preventing group. Group C-H was used to prepare models for chickengout by feeding with calcium and protein of high level. Group C was model control group,and Group D, E, F, G, H were low, middle, high, Bazheng treatment and urotropine treatmentgroups which were added with Wupi oral liquid into drinking water at doses of2,4,8ml/LWupi oral liquid,1mL Bazheng mixture liquid and0.4g urotropine at Day36, respectively.The result suggested that no clinical symptom changes were observed during the process inGroup B. At Day35, the activity of serum XOD, ALT and the level of UA, Cr in group B wasextremely lower than those of Group C（P＜0.01）, and the level of Ur was extremely lower than that of Group C (P＜0.05), but similar to Group A(P＞0.05). It suggested that Wupioral liquid can prevent chicken gout. At Day3, the clinical symptoms of the gout chicken inthe groups treated with Wupi oral liquid were relieved obviously, and the levels of UA inGroup D, E, F were extremely lower than that of Group C (P＜0.01). In Group D, F thelevels of Cr were extremely lower than that of Group C (P＜0.01), but similar to Group A(P＞0.05). The activity of AST in Group F and the activities of ALT in Group E, F wereextremely lower than that of Group C (P＜0.01), and Group D was lower than that of GroupC (P＜0.05), but similar to group A(P＞0.05). At Day7, the activity of XOD in the group Ewas lower than that of Group C (P＜0.05), but similar to Group A(P＞0.05). The levels ofUA in Group D, E, F were extremely lower than that of Group C (P＜0.01). In Group F, thelevels of Cr, Ur were extremely lower than those of Group C (P＜0.01), and those of GroupD, E, F were similar to Group A(P＞0.05). In Group D, F, the activities of ALT and AST werelower than those of Group C (P＜0.05), and those of Group D, E, F were similar to GroupA(P＞0.05). The activity of serum XOD, the level of UA, the liver founction, the renalfounction in Group E, F were similar with those of Group G, H at Day3~7. Combiningclinical manifestation, ptomatopsy changes, serological examination and visceralhistopathological changes, the above results showed that Wupi oral liquid was considered tohave a good treatment effect on chicken gout.
3. Treament effect of Wupi oral liquid on natural chicken gout case: One hundredsick chicken of gout were randomly divided into two groups. Group A was Wupi oral liquidtreatment group in which4mL Wupi oral liquid was added into1L drinking water. Group Bwas Bazheng treatment group in which1mL Bazheng mixture was added into1L drinkingwater. Curative effect was observed, body weight gain, feed conversion rate, activity of serumXOD and the level of UA were calculated. At Day7, the curative rate and effective rate of theWupi oral liquid group was78.00%,90.00%, respectively, which were similar with those ofBazheng group. The body weight gain, feed conversion rate, activity of serum XOD, the levelof UA of the Wupi oral liquid group returned to normal gradually which were similar withthose of Bazheng group(P＞0.05). Combining effective rates, ratios of fodder to meat andserological examination, the treatment effect of Wupi oral liquid was considered to beremarkable.
1.鸡痛风模型的制作：对40日龄海兰蛋鸡饲喂含蛋白质27%、钙5%的高钙高蛋白饲料，试验鸡逐渐表现出典型的痛风症状。在造模的第35天时，试验鸡尿酸含量在480μmol/L以上的鸡达135只，结合临床症状、剖检变化进行综合判定，认定发病率为93.1%。
2.五皮口服液对鸡痛风模型的防治作用：将200只40日龄海兰蛋鸡随机分成A～H共8组，A组为健康对照组；B组为五皮口服液预防组，在饲喂高钙高蛋白饲料的同时在每升饮水中添加4mL五皮口服液；C～H组饲喂高钙高蛋白饲料制作鸡痛风模型，其中C组为模型对照组；D、E、F、G、H组分别为五皮口服液低、中、高剂量治疗组、八正合剂治疗组、乌洛托品治疗组，在造模第36天时分别在每升饮水中添加2，4，8mL五皮口服液、1mL八正合剂和0.4g乌洛托品。结果表明，B组试验鸡在试验过程中未出现明显痛风症状。第35天时，B组血清XOD、ALT活性及UA、Cr含量极显著低于C组（P＜0.01），Ur含量显著低于C组（P＜0.05），与A组相当（P＞0.05），表明五皮口服液对鸡痛风有良好的预防效果。用药第3天时症状明显减轻，D、E、F组UA含量极显著低于C组（P＜0.01）；D、F组Cr含量极显著低于C组（P＜0.01），与A组相当（P＞0.05）；F组AST及E、F组ALT极显著低于C组（P＜0.01），D组显著低于C组（P＜0.05），与A组相当（P＞0.05）。治疗第7天时，E组XOD显著低于C组（P＜0.05），与A组相当（P＞0.05）；D、E、F组UA含量极显著低于C组（P＜0.01）；F组Cr、Ur极显著低于C组（P＜0.01），D、E、F组与A组相当（P＞0.05）；D、F组ALT及AST显著低于C组（P＜0.05），D、E、F组与A组相当（P＞0.05）。第3~7天时，E、F组血清黄嘌呤氧化酶活性、尿酸含量及肝脏、肾脏功能与G、H组相近。综合临床表现、剖检变化、血清学检查、内脏组织病理学变化，认定五皮口服液对鸡痛风有良好的治疗效果。
3.五皮口服液对鸡痛风自然病例的治疗作用：将100只痛风病鸡分为2组，A组为五皮口服液治疗组，在每升饮水中添加4mL五皮口服液。B组为八正合剂治疗组，在每升饮水中添加1mL八正合剂。对各治疗组的疗效进行观察，统计试验鸡体增重、料肉比并检测血清黄嘌呤氧化酶活性、尿酸含量。在第7天时，五皮口服液治疗的治愈率为78.00%，有效率为90.00%，与八正合剂治疗组相近。五皮口服液治疗组试验鸡体增重、料肉比及血清黄嘌呤氧化酶活性、尿酸含量逐渐恢复正常，和八正合剂治疗组差异不显著（P＞0.05）。综合有效率、料肉比及血清学检查，认定五皮口服液治疗效果显著。
Chicken gout is a nutritional and metabolic disorder disease resulted from uratedepositing in vivo caused by too much generation or acatharsia of uric acid in blood andincludes visceral gout and articular gout. Gout is a common disease in chicken whosemorbidity and mortality are very high, and brings very serious damage to poultry raising.Scientific and reasonable prevention and treatment method can promote the development ofpoultry raising. This experiment included the construction of chicken gout model, preventionand treatment experiment of Wupi oral liquid on chicken gout model, treament effect of Wupioral liquid on natural chicken gout case. The purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness,stability, safety of this medicine and provide scientific foundation for the later clinical use.The results were as follows:
1. Construction of chicken gout model:40-day-old Hyline layers were fed withcalcium and protein of high level, and the diet contained27%protein and5%calcium. Thechicken gradually showed typical symptoms of gout. At Day35,135chicken’s uric acid levelwas higher than480μmol/L. According to clinical symptoms as well as necroscopy changes,the morbidity was affirmed of93.1%.
2. Prevention and treatment experiment of Wupi oral liquid on chicken gout model:Two hundred40-day-old Hyline layers were randomly divided into8groups from group A toH. Group A was normal control group. Group B was fed with calcium and protein of highlevel, and added Wupi oral liquid into drinking water at the dose of4mL/L at the same timeas Wupi oral liquid preventing group. Group C-H was used to prepare models for chickengout by feeding with calcium and protein of high level. Group C was model control group,and Group D, E, F, G, H were low, middle, high, Bazheng treatment and urotropine treatmentgroups which were added with Wupi oral liquid into drinking water at doses of2,4,8ml/LWupi oral liquid,1mL Bazheng mixture liquid and0.4g urotropine at Day36, respectively.The result suggested that no clinical symptom changes were observed during the process inGroup B. At Day35, the activity of serum XOD, ALT and the level of UA, Cr in group B wasextremely lower than those of Group C（P＜0.01）, and the level of Ur was extremely lower than that of Group C (P＜0.05), but similar to Group A(P＞0.05). It suggested that Wupioral liquid can prevent chicken gout. At Day3, the clinical symptoms of the gout chicken inthe groups treated with Wupi oral liquid were relieved obviously, and the levels of UA inGroup D, E, F were extremely lower than that of Group C (P＜0.01). In Group D, F thelevels of Cr were extremely lower than that of Group C (P＜0.01), but similar to Group A(P＞0.05). The activity of AST in Group F and the activities of ALT in Group E, F wereextremely lower than that of Group C (P＜0.01), and Group D was lower than that of GroupC (P＜0.05), but similar to group A(P＞0.05). At Day7, the activity of XOD in the group Ewas lower than that of Group C (P＜0.05), but similar to Group A(P＞0.05). The levels ofUA in Group D, E, F were extremely lower than that of Group C (P＜0.01). In Group F, thelevels of Cr, Ur were extremely lower than those of Group C (P＜0.01), and those of GroupD, E, F were similar to Group A(P＞0.05). In Group D, F, the activities of ALT and AST werelower than those of Group C (P＜0.05), and those of Group D, E, F were similar to GroupA(P＞0.05). The activity of serum XOD, the level of UA, the liver founction, the renalfounction in Group E, F were similar with those of Group G, H at Day3~7. Combiningclinical manifestation, ptomatopsy changes, serological examination and visceralhistopathological changes, the above results showed that Wupi oral liquid was considered tohave a good treatment effect on chicken gout.
3. Treament effect of Wupi oral liquid on natural chicken gout case: One hundredsick chicken of gout were randomly divided into two groups. Group A was Wupi oral liquidtreatment group in which4mL Wupi oral liquid was added into1L drinking water. Group Bwas Bazheng treatment group in which1mL Bazheng mixture was added into1L drinkingwater. Curative effect was observed, body weight gain, feed conversion rate, activity of serumXOD and the level of UA were calculated. At Day7, the curative rate and effective rate of theWupi oral liquid group was78.00%,90.00%, respectively, which were similar with those ofBazheng group. The body weight gain, feed conversion rate, activity of serum XOD, the levelof UA of the Wupi oral liquid group returned to normal gradually which were similar withthose of Bazheng group(P＞0.05). Combining effective rates, ratios of fodder to meat andserological examination, the treatment effect of Wupi oral liquid was considered to beremarkable.
引文
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