南堡凹陷输导体系控藏模式研究
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摘要
综合运用地质、地球化学、地球物理等新理论和新方法,首先对南堡凹陷断层、砂体、不整合等输导要素进行了分析,在此基础上开展了输导体系与各成藏条件时空匹配性分析,最后总结了输导体系控藏的主控因素,建立了南堡凹陷输导体系控藏模式。
通过对研究区输导要素的研究,明确了南堡凹陷砂体、断层、不整合的分布特征,分析了凹陷主要断层的活动性特征。研究表明,工区各层段主要构造带砂体均比较发育,且东营组以及上第三系砂体物性及连通性要优于深层沙三段。凹陷主要含油气构造带均发育油源断层,断层主要活动时期为沙三段、东营组以及明化镇组。研究区以发育断层-砂体输导体系类型为主。
通过油-源特征、波阻抗反演、成藏期次及输导体系与成藏条件匹配的分析,对研究区输导体系的时空有效性进行了评价。通过精细油源分析,明确了凹陷烃源岩分为三类、原油分为四类;利用波阻抗反演剖面以及平面上断砂匹配分析认为凹陷断层和砂体匹配关系较好;采用地质与地球化学综合研究方法,明确了凹陷成藏期主要为两期,分别为东营期和明化镇期,不同地区成藏期次存在差异;凹陷断层活动时间与烃源岩生排烃时间匹配关系较好,断层与砂体空间组合关系较好,有利于油气的运聚。
南堡凹陷浅层以河流相砂体为主要侧向输导体,由于大量浅层断层的切割,砂体连续性较差。东营组砂体发育规模大,侧向连通性好,且与断层匹配关系好。沙河街组砂体也比较发育,但规模和连通性明显不如东营组,输导体系这种空间组合特点使得沙河街组和东营组烃源岩生成的油气在本层砂体的侧向输导下运移至断层附近,在断层的垂向输导下运移到浅层砂体中聚集成藏,油气经历了“深聚浅藏”的运聚过程。
This paper firstly analyzed pathway elements such as fault, sand body and unconformity through comprehensive use of geological, geophysical and geochemical new theories and methods. On the base of discussion above, the space-time match between pathway system and conditions of hydrocarbon accumulation were analyzed. At last, the paper summarized the factors that control hydrocarbon distribution, established the modes of pathway system that controls reservoir-forming in Nanpu depression.
Through the study of pathway elements of research area, the distribution of sand body, faults and unconformities of Nanpu depression were ascertained, the activity characters of main faults of the depression were analyzed. Results showed that the sand body of main structural belt were relatively developed, the properties and connectivity of Dongying Formation and Upper Tertiary sand body were better than the third member of Shahejie Formation. The main oil and gas structures commonly developed with oil source faults which were mainly active in the third member of Shahejie Formation, Dongying Formation and Minghuazhen Formation.
Through analyzing oil source characteristics, wave impedance inversion, hydrocarbon accumulation period and the match of pathway system with accumulation conditions, we evaluate the time-space effectiveness of pathway system in the study area carefully. By the study of Oil-source Correlation, source rocks in the Depression are divided into three groups and crude oil is divided into four groups. By analyzing wave impedance inversion profiles and the match of faults with sand bodies on the plane, there is a good match of faults with sand bodies in the Depression. Based on geological and geochemical comprehensive research method, it is considered that the accumulation period mainly includes two stages, dongying stage and minghuazhen stage, and there are different accumulation periods in different area. There is not only a good match between the time of faulting and hydrocarbon generation and expulsion period in the Depression, but also the spatial combination relations between faults and sand bodies. All of that are beneficial to hydrocarbon migration and accumulation.
The lateral pathway of the shallower Nanpu depression was fluvial sand body whose connectivity was poor because of the cutting of upper faults. Sand body of Dongying formation is of large scale, good lateral connectivity and a good matching with the fault. The sand body scale and connectivity of Shahejie formation was inferior to that in Dongying formation. The space combined features of pathway system make the hydrocarbon generated by resources of Shahejie formation and Dongying formation to migrate to the faults through lateral pathway, and then the hydrocarbon were migrated to superficial layer sand bodies by vertical pathway system and accumulated in reservoirs. Oil and gas experienced a“deep migration and shallow accumulation”process.
通过对研究区输导要素的研究,明确了南堡凹陷砂体、断层、不整合的分布特征,分析了凹陷主要断层的活动性特征。研究表明,工区各层段主要构造带砂体均比较发育,且东营组以及上第三系砂体物性及连通性要优于深层沙三段。凹陷主要含油气构造带均发育油源断层,断层主要活动时期为沙三段、东营组以及明化镇组。研究区以发育断层-砂体输导体系类型为主。
通过油-源特征、波阻抗反演、成藏期次及输导体系与成藏条件匹配的分析,对研究区输导体系的时空有效性进行了评价。通过精细油源分析,明确了凹陷烃源岩分为三类、原油分为四类;利用波阻抗反演剖面以及平面上断砂匹配分析认为凹陷断层和砂体匹配关系较好;采用地质与地球化学综合研究方法,明确了凹陷成藏期主要为两期,分别为东营期和明化镇期,不同地区成藏期次存在差异;凹陷断层活动时间与烃源岩生排烃时间匹配关系较好,断层与砂体空间组合关系较好,有利于油气的运聚。
南堡凹陷浅层以河流相砂体为主要侧向输导体,由于大量浅层断层的切割,砂体连续性较差。东营组砂体发育规模大,侧向连通性好,且与断层匹配关系好。沙河街组砂体也比较发育,但规模和连通性明显不如东营组,输导体系这种空间组合特点使得沙河街组和东营组烃源岩生成的油气在本层砂体的侧向输导下运移至断层附近,在断层的垂向输导下运移到浅层砂体中聚集成藏,油气经历了“深聚浅藏”的运聚过程。
This paper firstly analyzed pathway elements such as fault, sand body and unconformity through comprehensive use of geological, geophysical and geochemical new theories and methods. On the base of discussion above, the space-time match between pathway system and conditions of hydrocarbon accumulation were analyzed. At last, the paper summarized the factors that control hydrocarbon distribution, established the modes of pathway system that controls reservoir-forming in Nanpu depression.
Through the study of pathway elements of research area, the distribution of sand body, faults and unconformities of Nanpu depression were ascertained, the activity characters of main faults of the depression were analyzed. Results showed that the sand body of main structural belt were relatively developed, the properties and connectivity of Dongying Formation and Upper Tertiary sand body were better than the third member of Shahejie Formation. The main oil and gas structures commonly developed with oil source faults which were mainly active in the third member of Shahejie Formation, Dongying Formation and Minghuazhen Formation.
Through analyzing oil source characteristics, wave impedance inversion, hydrocarbon accumulation period and the match of pathway system with accumulation conditions, we evaluate the time-space effectiveness of pathway system in the study area carefully. By the study of Oil-source Correlation, source rocks in the Depression are divided into three groups and crude oil is divided into four groups. By analyzing wave impedance inversion profiles and the match of faults with sand bodies on the plane, there is a good match of faults with sand bodies in the Depression. Based on geological and geochemical comprehensive research method, it is considered that the accumulation period mainly includes two stages, dongying stage and minghuazhen stage, and there are different accumulation periods in different area. There is not only a good match between the time of faulting and hydrocarbon generation and expulsion period in the Depression, but also the spatial combination relations between faults and sand bodies. All of that are beneficial to hydrocarbon migration and accumulation.
The lateral pathway of the shallower Nanpu depression was fluvial sand body whose connectivity was poor because of the cutting of upper faults. Sand body of Dongying formation is of large scale, good lateral connectivity and a good matching with the fault. The sand body scale and connectivity of Shahejie formation was inferior to that in Dongying formation. The space combined features of pathway system make the hydrocarbon generated by resources of Shahejie formation and Dongying formation to migrate to the faults through lateral pathway, and then the hydrocarbon were migrated to superficial layer sand bodies by vertical pathway system and accumulated in reservoirs. Oil and gas experienced a“deep migration and shallow accumulation”process.
引文
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