基于JMX/JDMK技术的网络性能管理系统的设计与实现
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摘要
当前计算机网络的发展特点是规模不断扩大，网络上的各种设备不断增多，网络复杂性也日益提高，与此同时，对网络管理系统的要求越来越高，对网络管理技术的要求也越来越高，被称为下一代网络管理技术的JMX协议规范也就在这种情况下应运而生了。
JMX是SUN基于Java技术提出的一种管理策略，它将Java语言的动态性、灵活性以及可移动性引入了管理服务的范畴中。使得了MX有构建第三代管理解决方案的基础，因为第三代管理技术在本质上是动态，能够满足在各种各样的网络和平台上的服务驱动的管理请求。JMX的提出保持了Java平台在信息技术领域中的领先地位，满足动态管理的市场请求，为管理系统的设计者和开发者提供方便的工具。通过设计，这种新的标准能够很好的适应以前的系统，实现新的管理方案，同时保持对所有的工业应用开放。
本文首先介绍了当前常用的一些标准网络管理协议，如SNMP，CMIP等，以及传统的网络管理体系结构，然后，详细讨论了JMX规范的三层体系结构、JDMK各种组件及其API的使用等，在与传统网管系统的分析对比的基础上，讨论了基于JMX／JDMK技术的网络管理系统的兼容性、灵活性以及扩展性等方面的优势。最后，在基于JMX／JDMK技术的网络管理模型上，设计并实现了一套网络性能管理系统，主要目标是实现对路由器、交换机或者服务器相关流量的图形信息、体现网络性能的接口利用率、TCP输入输出率、UDP输入输出率以及MIB库信息等的实时查询浏览，进而实时掌握网络的整体运行情况，便于更好的管理和维护网络，提高网络使用效率。实践表明，我们用基于JMX／JDMK技术的网络管理模型开发出来的应用系统一方面继承了基于Web的网络管理模式多层体系结构的优点，另一方面又体现了自己独有的特点——异构性、动态性、可移植性、可扩展性、安全性、系统健壮性等，能大幅度提高网络管理的效率。
The development of the computer network is that the scale is expanding constantly, various kinds of equipment of network increase constantly, complexity is increasing constantly too, Meanwhile, more and more high expectations for network administrative system, higher and higher demand to network management skill, in this case, JMX treated as the next generation network management technology, was emerged under the condition.
JMX is a kind of management tactics that SUN put forward, it dynamics of Java, flexibility and removable introduce category of management service. Make JMX structure the third generation of management system, because the third generation of administrative skill is the trends in essence, can satisfied management request that service urge at various network and platform. The proposition of JMX has kept Java platform leading position in the information technology field, the market which satisfies the dynamic management asks, the tool offering the convenience to designer and developer of the administrative system. Through designing, the new standard can have been very kind to meet former system, realize the new management scheme, keep using all industry open at the same time.
This text has introduced some commonly used present standard network management protocol at first, for instance SNMP, CMIP, etc, and traditional network management system structure, then, bat around the system of three layers structure of JMX norm, use of different package and API of JDMK, etc. compared to traditional network management system, discuss some advantages based on network administrative system of JMX/JDMK technology, such as compatibility, flexibility and extensibility. Finally, on the network management model based on JMX/JDMK technology, designed and realized the performance administrative system of a network, main goal to look over router, switch or server's relevant messaging of flow convenient, reflect network interface of performance utilization ratio , TCP input or output ratio, UDP input or output ratio and MIB real-time message, and then can look over the running situation of the network on time, benefit better management and maintenance network, improve the service efficiency of the network. Practice shows, on one hand, we inherit based on Web management mode multi-layer network with based on JMX/JDMK technology network management model application system come out to develop, on the other hand, The advantage of the system structure, has reflected the characteristic that oneself is exclusive-- heterogeneity, dynamic, scalability, flexibility, extensibility, robusticity, etc, can improve the efficiency of network management largely.
JMX是SUN基于Java技术提出的一种管理策略，它将Java语言的动态性、灵活性以及可移动性引入了管理服务的范畴中。使得了MX有构建第三代管理解决方案的基础，因为第三代管理技术在本质上是动态，能够满足在各种各样的网络和平台上的服务驱动的管理请求。JMX的提出保持了Java平台在信息技术领域中的领先地位，满足动态管理的市场请求，为管理系统的设计者和开发者提供方便的工具。通过设计，这种新的标准能够很好的适应以前的系统，实现新的管理方案，同时保持对所有的工业应用开放。
本文首先介绍了当前常用的一些标准网络管理协议，如SNMP，CMIP等，以及传统的网络管理体系结构，然后，详细讨论了JMX规范的三层体系结构、JDMK各种组件及其API的使用等，在与传统网管系统的分析对比的基础上，讨论了基于JMX／JDMK技术的网络管理系统的兼容性、灵活性以及扩展性等方面的优势。最后，在基于JMX／JDMK技术的网络管理模型上，设计并实现了一套网络性能管理系统，主要目标是实现对路由器、交换机或者服务器相关流量的图形信息、体现网络性能的接口利用率、TCP输入输出率、UDP输入输出率以及MIB库信息等的实时查询浏览，进而实时掌握网络的整体运行情况，便于更好的管理和维护网络，提高网络使用效率。实践表明，我们用基于JMX／JDMK技术的网络管理模型开发出来的应用系统一方面继承了基于Web的网络管理模式多层体系结构的优点，另一方面又体现了自己独有的特点——异构性、动态性、可移植性、可扩展性、安全性、系统健壮性等，能大幅度提高网络管理的效率。
The development of the computer network is that the scale is expanding constantly, various kinds of equipment of network increase constantly, complexity is increasing constantly too, Meanwhile, more and more high expectations for network administrative system, higher and higher demand to network management skill, in this case, JMX treated as the next generation network management technology, was emerged under the condition.
JMX is a kind of management tactics that SUN put forward, it dynamics of Java, flexibility and removable introduce category of management service. Make JMX structure the third generation of management system, because the third generation of administrative skill is the trends in essence, can satisfied management request that service urge at various network and platform. The proposition of JMX has kept Java platform leading position in the information technology field, the market which satisfies the dynamic management asks, the tool offering the convenience to designer and developer of the administrative system. Through designing, the new standard can have been very kind to meet former system, realize the new management scheme, keep using all industry open at the same time.
This text has introduced some commonly used present standard network management protocol at first, for instance SNMP, CMIP, etc, and traditional network management system structure, then, bat around the system of three layers structure of JMX norm, use of different package and API of JDMK, etc. compared to traditional network management system, discuss some advantages based on network administrative system of JMX/JDMK technology, such as compatibility, flexibility and extensibility. Finally, on the network management model based on JMX/JDMK technology, designed and realized the performance administrative system of a network, main goal to look over router, switch or server's relevant messaging of flow convenient, reflect network interface of performance utilization ratio , TCP input or output ratio, UDP input or output ratio and MIB real-time message, and then can look over the running situation of the network on time, benefit better management and maintenance network, improve the service efficiency of the network. Practice shows, on one hand, we inherit based on Web management mode multi-layer network with based on JMX/JDMK technology network management model application system come out to develop, on the other hand, The advantage of the system structure, has reflected the characteristic that oneself is exclusive-- heterogeneity, dynamic, scalability, flexibility, extensibility, robusticity, etc, can improve the efficiency of network management largely.
引文
[1]RFC 1098 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
[2]M Rose,K. MeCloghrie. RFC 1155: Structure and Identification of Management Information for TCP/IP-Based Intemets. May 1990
[3]RFC 1157 A Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
[4]RFC 1189 Common Management Information Services and Protocols for the Intemet (CMOT and CMIP)
[5]RFC 1213 Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP —based intemets:MIBⅡ
[6]P. Grillo, S. Waldbusser. RFC 1514: Host Resources MIB. September 1993
[7]D. Harrington, R. Presuhn, B. Wijnen. RFC2261: An Architecuture for Describing SNMP Management Frameworks. January 1998
[8]雷振甲等．计算机网络管理及系统开发．电子工业出版社，2002,95-125．
[9]J．Steven Perry．Java管理扩展．O'Reilly出版社．2002，60-110
[10]Java Dynamic Management Kit 5.0 Tutorial. [on-line]http://docs.sun.com/db/coll/991.1?1=zh
[11]Sun Microsystems, Inc. Java Management Extensions White Paper. 2001, 5. [on-line]http://iava.sun.com/products/JavaManagement/
[12]Sun Microsystems, Inc. JavaTM Management Extensions (JMXTM) Technology Overview, 2004,2. [on-line]: http://java.sun.corn/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/imx/overview/JMXoverviewTOC.html
[13]Kreger H, Harold WK, Williamson L. Java and JMX: Building Manageable Systems. Addison Wesley, 2002.
[14][on-line]http://www.simple-times.org/
[15]Java(TM) Management Extensions (JMX) Remote API 1.0.1 [on-line]http://java.sun.com/products/JavaManagement/download.html
[16]Stark S, Fleuty M, JBoss Group. JBoss Administration and Development. Sams, 2002.
[17]JSR-000071 JMX-TMN Specificatioll[EB / OL][on-line]: http://java.sun.corn/aboutJava/commuaityprocess//isr/jsr_071jmxmn.html
[18]The JSR for the SNMP Paper API[EB/OL]. [on-line]http://java.sun.com/aboutJava/commuutvprocess/jsr.html
[19]王经雨，康宁．用JDMK开发SNMP代理和管理应用程序全国第四届JAVA技术与应用交流会论文集中国计算机协会2001．9 263-268
[20]岑贤道，安常青，网络管理协议及应用开发，清华大学出版社，1999．7
[21]马赛厄斯 海因、戴维 格里菲斯著，邢国光、杨永亭、王培良译，简单网络管理协议的理论与实践SNMP(第1版、第2版)，国防工业出版社．1999．
[22]黄骏，张凌，宁国宁．利用JMX实现层次化网络管理框架．计算机应用 Vol．24，No．1 Jan．,2004
[23]赵金铃基于SNMP网络性能管理的研究与实现大庆石油学院2002，2
[24]张国鸣，唐树才，薛刚逊等网络管理实用技术清华大学出版社2002．12
[25]张丹，胡方炜，杨扬基于SNMP的网络管理的原理与实现中国有线电视2003-3
[26]菜丽，张大方，谢高岚基于SNMP管理管理系统的设计与实现计算机应用2003-03第23卷第3期
[27]JSP应用开发祥解 飞思科技产品研发中心编著电子工业出版社2002，1
[28]Sing Li. From black boxes to enterprises, Part 1: Management, JMX 1.1 style.2002,11 [on-line]: http://www-900.ibm, com/developerWorks/cn/iava/j-jmx1/index eng. shtml
[29]Sing Li. From black boxes to enterprises, Part 2: Beans, JMX 1.1 style 2002,10 [on-line]http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/iava/j-jmx2/index eng.shtml
[30]M.T. Rose, K. McCloghrie, Concise MIB definitions [on-line]ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc 1212.txt
[31][on-line]http://www.ydshs.com/Keyan/2OO2-2/02-2-2.htm
[2]M Rose,K. MeCloghrie. RFC 1155: Structure and Identification of Management Information for TCP/IP-Based Intemets. May 1990
[3]RFC 1157 A Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
[4]RFC 1189 Common Management Information Services and Protocols for the Intemet (CMOT and CMIP)
[5]RFC 1213 Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP —based intemets:MIBⅡ
[6]P. Grillo, S. Waldbusser. RFC 1514: Host Resources MIB. September 1993
[7]D. Harrington, R. Presuhn, B. Wijnen. RFC2261: An Architecuture for Describing SNMP Management Frameworks. January 1998
[8]雷振甲等．计算机网络管理及系统开发．电子工业出版社，2002,95-125．
[9]J．Steven Perry．Java管理扩展．O'Reilly出版社．2002，60-110
[10]Java Dynamic Management Kit 5.0 Tutorial. [on-line]http://docs.sun.com/db/coll/991.1?1=zh
[11]Sun Microsystems, Inc. Java Management Extensions White Paper. 2001, 5. [on-line]http://iava.sun.com/products/JavaManagement/
[12]Sun Microsystems, Inc. JavaTM Management Extensions (JMXTM) Technology Overview, 2004,2. [on-line]: http://java.sun.corn/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/imx/overview/JMXoverviewTOC.html
[13]Kreger H, Harold WK, Williamson L. Java and JMX: Building Manageable Systems. Addison Wesley, 2002.
[14][on-line]http://www.simple-times.org/
[15]Java(TM) Management Extensions (JMX) Remote API 1.0.1 [on-line]http://java.sun.com/products/JavaManagement/download.html
[16]Stark S, Fleuty M, JBoss Group. JBoss Administration and Development. Sams, 2002.
[17]JSR-000071 JMX-TMN Specificatioll[EB / OL][on-line]: http://java.sun.corn/aboutJava/commuaityprocess//isr/jsr_071jmxmn.html
[18]The JSR for the SNMP Paper API[EB/OL]. [on-line]http://java.sun.com/aboutJava/commuutvprocess/jsr.html
[19]王经雨，康宁．用JDMK开发SNMP代理和管理应用程序全国第四届JAVA技术与应用交流会论文集中国计算机协会2001．9 263-268
[20]岑贤道，安常青，网络管理协议及应用开发，清华大学出版社，1999．7
[21]马赛厄斯 海因、戴维 格里菲斯著，邢国光、杨永亭、王培良译，简单网络管理协议的理论与实践SNMP(第1版、第2版)，国防工业出版社．1999．
[22]黄骏，张凌，宁国宁．利用JMX实现层次化网络管理框架．计算机应用 Vol．24，No．1 Jan．,2004
[23]赵金铃基于SNMP网络性能管理的研究与实现大庆石油学院2002，2
[24]张国鸣，唐树才，薛刚逊等网络管理实用技术清华大学出版社2002．12
[25]张丹，胡方炜，杨扬基于SNMP的网络管理的原理与实现中国有线电视2003-3
[26]菜丽，张大方，谢高岚基于SNMP管理管理系统的设计与实现计算机应用2003-03第23卷第3期
[27]JSP应用开发祥解 飞思科技产品研发中心编著电子工业出版社2002，1
[28]Sing Li. From black boxes to enterprises, Part 1: Management, JMX 1.1 style.2002,11 [on-line]: http://www-900.ibm, com/developerWorks/cn/iava/j-jmx1/index eng. shtml
[29]Sing Li. From black boxes to enterprises, Part 2: Beans, JMX 1.1 style 2002,10 [on-line]http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/iava/j-jmx2/index eng.shtml
[30]M.T. Rose, K. McCloghrie, Concise MIB definitions [on-line]ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc 1212.txt
[31][on-line]http://www.ydshs.com/Keyan/2OO2-2/02-2-2.htm