煤粉的流动性对比研究及其影响因素分析
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摘要
采用休止角、HR (Hausner ratio)、Carr流动性指数F1等参量,结合粉体在有机玻璃料斗内的下料及Jenike剪切实验,对比研究了6种煤粉和其它粉体颗粒(玻璃微珠、FCC、黄沙、沥青粉、硫酸铵晶体颗粒等)的流动性,对造成粉体间流动性差异的主要原因进行了探索分析。借助显微镜观察了黄沙、玻璃微珠、羊场湾煤粉和内蒙褐煤等粉体的颗粒形态,通过Image-J图像处理软件对显微镜图像进行了定量描述,从颗粒形态方面分析了四种粉体流动性差异的原因。以玻璃微珠、FCC和羊场湾煤粉为实验介质,分别进行了载气为空气和CO2的气固流态化试验,重点通过床层压降比和膨胀比等参量对比研究了三种粉体在两种气体中的流态化差异,分析了粉体的粘聚特性。
粒径和含水率是影响煤粉流动性的两个重要因素,本文以不同煤粉为实验物料分别研究了二者对煤粉流动性的影响。研究结果表明：煤粉流动性随着颗粒粒径的增大而改善,在<100μm的颗粒粒径范围内这种改变尤为显著,当煤粉颗粒粒径>200μm时,煤粉流动性存在变差趋势,这可能是由于该粒径下煤粉颗粒之间机械锁合力增大造成的；HR与休止角和Q(dv,Wt,n)存在良好的一次函数关系,有机玻璃料斗内下料质量流率(田坝煤粉)与煤粉HR存在良好的拟合关系,相关系数>0.9；在含水率方面,在达到临界含水率之前,煤粉流动性随着含水率的增大而单调变差,这主要是由于煤粉颗粒之间毛细管力和液桥力随着含水率增大而增强的结果；当达到临界含水率之后,煤粉流动性出现波动甚至变好趋势,这主要和颗粒之间薄膜水的分散均匀度相关；煤粉通过加热干燥处理,降低了其含水率,减小了液桥力作用,煤粉流动性得到明显改善；煤粉颗粒中35%-63%的水分脱除主要发生在加热干燥的初始阶段,且适当提高干燥温度和升温速率更有利于煤粉中水分的脱除。
Combined loading experiment from perspex hopper with Jenike-type shear tests, This paper employed angle of repose, HR and Carr flow index FI to comparatively study flowability of six coal powders and other powder materials(glass beads, FCC, sand, asphalt powder and ammonium sulfate crystal particles,etc.). Based on experiments data, all related influence factors were exploringly analysed. By means of microscope and image processing software, Image-J, morphological properties of sand, glass beads, Yangchangwan and Neimeng lignite coal powders were quantificationally described. Also,glass beads, FCC and Yangchangwan coal powders used as experiment materials, gas-solid fluidized experiment was operated, with two types of carry gases, air(0.44MPa) and CO2 (0.65MPa). By pressure drop and expansion ratio of fluidized bed, differences of fluidized characteristics and cohesiveness of three powders were comparatively investigated.
Particle size and water content are two important factors to flowability of coal powders. This paper analyse relationship between particle size, water content and flowability of coal powders. Experiments results showed that, increasing particle size inproved coal powders flowability, especially for those smaller than 100μm approximately, when particle size larger than 200μm, due to enhancement of mechanical locking force, that flowability of coal powders showed a trend of becoming bad. Besides, the experiments data also showed that there were good fitting relationship between HR VS Q(dv,wt,n), angle of repose VS Q(dv,wt,n), and loading mass flow rate (Tianba coal powder) VS dv, of which related coefficients were above 0.9.
For water content, before critical moisture content Wtc, flowability of coal powder increasely became worse with increase of water content, which was resulted from reinforcement of capillary force and liquid bridge force. However, after Wtc, flowability of coal powders fluctuated, which was mainly related to water distribution uniformity. By means of drying in oven and TG for coal powders, they were discovered that 35%～63% water content was desorpted at the beginning 10 minutes, that higher temperature was better for dewatering, that the flowability of dried coal powders was better than raw coal powders and it mainly because drying reduced coal powders'water content, reduced liquid bridge force among particles.
粒径和含水率是影响煤粉流动性的两个重要因素,本文以不同煤粉为实验物料分别研究了二者对煤粉流动性的影响。研究结果表明：煤粉流动性随着颗粒粒径的增大而改善,在<100μm的颗粒粒径范围内这种改变尤为显著,当煤粉颗粒粒径>200μm时,煤粉流动性存在变差趋势,这可能是由于该粒径下煤粉颗粒之间机械锁合力增大造成的；HR与休止角和Q(dv,Wt,n)存在良好的一次函数关系,有机玻璃料斗内下料质量流率(田坝煤粉)与煤粉HR存在良好的拟合关系,相关系数>0.9；在含水率方面,在达到临界含水率之前,煤粉流动性随着含水率的增大而单调变差,这主要是由于煤粉颗粒之间毛细管力和液桥力随着含水率增大而增强的结果；当达到临界含水率之后,煤粉流动性出现波动甚至变好趋势,这主要和颗粒之间薄膜水的分散均匀度相关；煤粉通过加热干燥处理,降低了其含水率,减小了液桥力作用,煤粉流动性得到明显改善；煤粉颗粒中35%-63%的水分脱除主要发生在加热干燥的初始阶段,且适当提高干燥温度和升温速率更有利于煤粉中水分的脱除。
Combined loading experiment from perspex hopper with Jenike-type shear tests, This paper employed angle of repose, HR and Carr flow index FI to comparatively study flowability of six coal powders and other powder materials(glass beads, FCC, sand, asphalt powder and ammonium sulfate crystal particles,etc.). Based on experiments data, all related influence factors were exploringly analysed. By means of microscope and image processing software, Image-J, morphological properties of sand, glass beads, Yangchangwan and Neimeng lignite coal powders were quantificationally described. Also,glass beads, FCC and Yangchangwan coal powders used as experiment materials, gas-solid fluidized experiment was operated, with two types of carry gases, air(0.44MPa) and CO2 (0.65MPa). By pressure drop and expansion ratio of fluidized bed, differences of fluidized characteristics and cohesiveness of three powders were comparatively investigated.
Particle size and water content are two important factors to flowability of coal powders. This paper analyse relationship between particle size, water content and flowability of coal powders. Experiments results showed that, increasing particle size inproved coal powders flowability, especially for those smaller than 100μm approximately, when particle size larger than 200μm, due to enhancement of mechanical locking force, that flowability of coal powders showed a trend of becoming bad. Besides, the experiments data also showed that there were good fitting relationship between HR VS Q(dv,wt,n), angle of repose VS Q(dv,wt,n), and loading mass flow rate (Tianba coal powder) VS dv, of which related coefficients were above 0.9.
For water content, before critical moisture content Wtc, flowability of coal powder increasely became worse with increase of water content, which was resulted from reinforcement of capillary force and liquid bridge force. However, after Wtc, flowability of coal powders fluctuated, which was mainly related to water distribution uniformity. By means of drying in oven and TG for coal powders, they were discovered that 35%～63% water content was desorpted at the beginning 10 minutes, that higher temperature was better for dewatering, that the flowability of dried coal powders was better than raw coal powders and it mainly because drying reduced coal powders'water content, reduced liquid bridge force among particles.
引文
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