面向图案设计的图像分色与协同技术的研究
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摘要
随着计算机技术的飞速发展,计算机图案设计技术以其设计质量高、速度快的特点,正在逐渐替代印染、丝织、广告设计、专色印刷、陶瓷花纸、艺术图案创作等领域的传统手工描稿设计与绘制,与此密切相关的集成化计算机辅助图案设计制版系统也在印刷、广告、轻纺、陶瓷、印染、地毯、刺绣等行业有着越来越广泛的应用。自20世纪八十年代以来,国内外陆续开展了面向上述领域的计算机辅助设计、工艺处理自动化、生产信息管理等方面的研究与开发,针对不同产品的样稿设计、计算机辅助工艺处理等方面提出了一系列新的技术和工艺流程,将传统的基于手工的经验型工艺处理流程逐渐改革为基于现代信息技术的“设计—工艺—制版—管理”一体化的自动化流程。
针对高精度、大幅面的图案设计在理论和应用上存在一些关键技术有待进一步解决:1)提高图像分色的精度。现在图案设计的图像分色要求越来越高,不仅要求色彩艳丽、层次丰富、图案清晰,而且要处理的扫描样稿多种多样,如纸稿、照片、布样等,图像层次复杂,增加了分色的难度。而传统的颜色量化技术针对性差,量化后的颜色边界不清晰,导致后期编辑和设计困难增大。2)满足新的工艺要求。随着印染技术的发展,在印染、陶瓷印花、丝网印刷等行业出现了可叠印分色等新工艺,为面向图案设计的图像分色提出了新的挑战。3)提高图案设计的效率。现在的图案设计多为单人设计模式,对于大幅面、高精度的图案,设计效率低,设计周期长,难以满足企业小批量,多品种的生产需求,而直接应用传统的协同设计技术又在数据一致性、并发控制等方面存在问题,无法满足图案设计的要求。因此,迫切需要研究多人协同设计环境下计算机辅助图案设计,以便在保证设计质量的前提下,有效地提高设计效率。
With the rapid development of the computer technology, computer pattern design technology, because of its high quality and fast speed, is replacing traditional manual pattern design and drawing in various fields. Computer aided pattern design systems are widely used in such industries as publishing, advertising, decorating, textile, chinaware, printing and dyeing, carpeting, weaving etc. Research and development on CAD, process planning automation and production information management in such fields have been carried out in succession home and abroad since 1980s. A series of new process plannings including draft designing and CAPP aiming at different products are proposed. Manual and experience-based process planning is transformed into modern IT-based process planning with integration of design, technique, plate making and management.Aiming at the large dimension and high accuracy pattern design, these exist a few key techniques hard to futher solve in theory and application. 1) Improve the precision of image color separation. Th image color separartion of the pattern design now have more and more high requests, not only requesting the color gorgrous, layering enrich, pattern clear, but also wanting to scan the kind draft handle varied, such as paper, photo and cloth etc, the image layer complications, increase the diffculty of the color separation. Some common image color separation techniques have some problems like limited color layers and blurred color bounds, hence making following design more difficult. 2) Satisfy the new arts and crafts requirement. Along with the development of pringting and dyeing techniques, The new arts and crafts such as
continuous tone image color separation, spot color separation are appeared in printing and dyeing, porcelain and ceramics stamp-tax, silk screen printing etc. The color separation techniques based on pattern design are put forward the new challenge. 3) Improve the efficiency of the pattern design. The pattern design systems are now mostly the single-user deisgn mode. Because the size of pattern is too large and high precision, the efficiency lowers of pattern design, the longer of design life cycle, and which is difficult to meet the needs of enterprises for the model of "small quantity, diverse kinds". Traditional collaborative design technology can not satify the requirement of pattern design. Therefor, there is need to provide multi-user collaborative design environment, for the purpose of assurance the quantity of design, increase the efficiency of design availably.The dissertation is under the applied background, aiming at the above-mentioned problems, these two key techniques are significantly around and image color separation of the high accuracy pattern design to launch the research. The project is supportted by National Nature Science foundation of China (69873028) and National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program No. 863-511-820-027) and.The contributions of this dissertation are:1.An algorithm of automatic image color separation by smoothing technique based on histogram is proposed. Given the number of image colors, the histogram of image is produced, by smoothing, center color and pixel mapping is automatically determined, and the color is accurately quantized. The algorithm is solving the problem of image color separation, improving color precision.2.An alogorithm of color images separation and printing for spot
printing is proposed. A combination of inks is selected by genetic algorithm according to the information of both original color images and given inks. Then a numerical optimization algorithm is used to compute the separations. With the ability of producing the same or more vivid reproduction than four processes color printing with just a small number of inks, this method can be widely applied in many industries such as, printing, dyeing and chinaware, etc.3. Aiming at the application of the large dimension pattern design, the collaborative design model based on pattern design is proposed. The model is adopted in hybrid architecture, the whole system is composed of edit workstation and application server, the large pattern data is stored distributedly in application servers. While collaborative designing, copy of pattern data is stored, the temporary data of the local pattern is stored in the local. The application server is responsible for managing and coordinating design between designers. The single index server mode is used, it manages pattern library indexes of all application server in a collaborative environment. Collaborative communication protocols are proposed. The method of adaptive area managing is used to solve concurrent control. It also describes the push and pull's functions to ensure the data integrity and consistency.The dissertation has focused on study on two key techniques based on distributed pattern design system, which are, high precision image color separation and collaborative design. These techniques have been used successfully in printing and dyeing CAD, weave CAD, chinaware CAD, and carpet CAD in the textile industry. The project has won the National Science and Technology Progress Award (Grade Two) in 2002.
针对高精度、大幅面的图案设计在理论和应用上存在一些关键技术有待进一步解决:1)提高图像分色的精度。现在图案设计的图像分色要求越来越高,不仅要求色彩艳丽、层次丰富、图案清晰,而且要处理的扫描样稿多种多样,如纸稿、照片、布样等,图像层次复杂,增加了分色的难度。而传统的颜色量化技术针对性差,量化后的颜色边界不清晰,导致后期编辑和设计困难增大。2)满足新的工艺要求。随着印染技术的发展,在印染、陶瓷印花、丝网印刷等行业出现了可叠印分色等新工艺,为面向图案设计的图像分色提出了新的挑战。3)提高图案设计的效率。现在的图案设计多为单人设计模式,对于大幅面、高精度的图案,设计效率低,设计周期长,难以满足企业小批量,多品种的生产需求,而直接应用传统的协同设计技术又在数据一致性、并发控制等方面存在问题,无法满足图案设计的要求。因此,迫切需要研究多人协同设计环境下计算机辅助图案设计,以便在保证设计质量的前提下,有效地提高设计效率。
With the rapid development of the computer technology, computer pattern design technology, because of its high quality and fast speed, is replacing traditional manual pattern design and drawing in various fields. Computer aided pattern design systems are widely used in such industries as publishing, advertising, decorating, textile, chinaware, printing and dyeing, carpeting, weaving etc. Research and development on CAD, process planning automation and production information management in such fields have been carried out in succession home and abroad since 1980s. A series of new process plannings including draft designing and CAPP aiming at different products are proposed. Manual and experience-based process planning is transformed into modern IT-based process planning with integration of design, technique, plate making and management.Aiming at the large dimension and high accuracy pattern design, these exist a few key techniques hard to futher solve in theory and application. 1) Improve the precision of image color separation. Th image color separartion of the pattern design now have more and more high requests, not only requesting the color gorgrous, layering enrich, pattern clear, but also wanting to scan the kind draft handle varied, such as paper, photo and cloth etc, the image layer complications, increase the diffculty of the color separation. Some common image color separation techniques have some problems like limited color layers and blurred color bounds, hence making following design more difficult. 2) Satisfy the new arts and crafts requirement. Along with the development of pringting and dyeing techniques, The new arts and crafts such as
continuous tone image color separation, spot color separation are appeared in printing and dyeing, porcelain and ceramics stamp-tax, silk screen printing etc. The color separation techniques based on pattern design are put forward the new challenge. 3) Improve the efficiency of the pattern design. The pattern design systems are now mostly the single-user deisgn mode. Because the size of pattern is too large and high precision, the efficiency lowers of pattern design, the longer of design life cycle, and which is difficult to meet the needs of enterprises for the model of "small quantity, diverse kinds". Traditional collaborative design technology can not satify the requirement of pattern design. Therefor, there is need to provide multi-user collaborative design environment, for the purpose of assurance the quantity of design, increase the efficiency of design availably.The dissertation is under the applied background, aiming at the above-mentioned problems, these two key techniques are significantly around and image color separation of the high accuracy pattern design to launch the research. The project is supportted by National Nature Science foundation of China (69873028) and National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program No. 863-511-820-027) and.The contributions of this dissertation are:1.An algorithm of automatic image color separation by smoothing technique based on histogram is proposed. Given the number of image colors, the histogram of image is produced, by smoothing, center color and pixel mapping is automatically determined, and the color is accurately quantized. The algorithm is solving the problem of image color separation, improving color precision.2.An alogorithm of color images separation and printing for spot
printing is proposed. A combination of inks is selected by genetic algorithm according to the information of both original color images and given inks. Then a numerical optimization algorithm is used to compute the separations. With the ability of producing the same or more vivid reproduction than four processes color printing with just a small number of inks, this method can be widely applied in many industries such as, printing, dyeing and chinaware, etc.3. Aiming at the application of the large dimension pattern design, the collaborative design model based on pattern design is proposed. The model is adopted in hybrid architecture, the whole system is composed of edit workstation and application server, the large pattern data is stored distributedly in application servers. While collaborative designing, copy of pattern data is stored, the temporary data of the local pattern is stored in the local. The application server is responsible for managing and coordinating design between designers. The single index server mode is used, it manages pattern library indexes of all application server in a collaborative environment. Collaborative communication protocols are proposed. The method of adaptive area managing is used to solve concurrent control. It also describes the push and pull's functions to ensure the data integrity and consistency.The dissertation has focused on study on two key techniques based on distributed pattern design system, which are, high precision image color separation and collaborative design. These techniques have been used successfully in printing and dyeing CAD, weave CAD, chinaware CAD, and carpet CAD in the textile industry. The project has won the National Science and Technology Progress Award (Grade Two) in 2002.
引文
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