高速面铣刀刀体加工特征研究与CAM系统开发
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摘要
高速面铣刀以其高切削效率、高加工精度和高表面质量的技术优势,在高速铣削中广泛的应用,高速面铣刀的制造技术也随之得到了相应的发展。基于安全性考虑,高速面铣刀在结构、材料及动平衡方面都有新的要求,其产品设计制造技术正在向“三高一专”的方向发展。在此背景下,已有的数控面铣刀批量生产方式无法满足高速面铣刀多品种、小批量的生产要求。针对高速面铣刀产品开发和刀体制造中存在的问题,在高速面铣刀刀体加工特征研究基础上,提出满足安全性与动平衡精度要求的刀体数控加工方法,对促进高速铣削刀具技术的发展具有较大的现实意义。
本文在哈尔滨市科技攻关项目“基于安全性的数控高速铣刀开发及其系统研制”支持下,进行高速面铣刀刀体加工特征研究,在UG环境下开发出了高速面铣刀刀体加工CAM系统,主要研究内容包括:
针对高速面铣刀的动平衡与安全性要求,进行高速面铣刀刀体结构分析,采用特征建模技术,进行高速面铣刀刀体加工特征的研究;建立高速面铣刀刀体加工特征匹配原则;提出基于特征匹配的高速面铣刀刀体加工工序设计方法;
以复杂曲面数控铣削加工理论和CAM技术研究成果为基础,通过高速面铣刀刀体特征对数控刀具选择、切削参数和刀具切削运动轨迹影响的研究,提出基于特征匹配的刀具切削运动轨迹及其切削参数优选方法。
以高速面铣刀刀体加工特征的研究为基础,进行高速面铣刀刀体加工CAM系统功能分析,提出高速面铣刀刀体加工CAM系统的结构;采用UG二次开发工具和VC编程工具,开发出基于UG平台的高速面铣刀刀体CAM系统。
系统在UG环境下运行,利用UG仿真对高速面铣刀刀体加工CAM系统的有效性和实用性进行验证。其结果表明,该系统大大缩短了编程时间,使编程的准确性和可靠性得到显著提高,对提高刀具制造的效率和质量、降低加工成本具有积极的推动作用。
For high speed surface milling cutter has these technology advantages, great milling efficiency and high machining precision and high surface quality, it is extensively used in high speed milling. The machining technology develops correspondingly. High speed surface milling cutter has new request on configuration, material and dynamic balance, in view of security. Its design tends to‘high precision, high efficiency, high reliability and customization’. In this situation, batch production mode can’t satisfy the request of high speed surface milling cutter, for it has many types and small batch. To solve the difficulty in the product development of high speed surface milling cutter and cutter machining, a new cutter numerical control machining plan is brought forward, based on study of machining characters of high speed surface milling cutter. It can satisfy the dynamic balance and security requirement and also it is good for the development of high speed surface milling cutter technology.
Under favor of the science and technology arranged project of Harbin’development of numerical control high speed milling cutter and system development
based on security’, this paper studies the features in the machining of the high speed surface milling cutter and develops the CAM system for the machining of high speed surface milling cutter in UG. The main research content contains:
For the dynamic balance and security requirement of high speed surface milling cutter, this paper analyses the configuration of high speed surface milling cutter and uses characteristic modeling to study the machining characters of the high speed surface milling cutter. It establishes the principle for machining characters matching of high speed surface milling cutter. Based on the principle it brings forward the design plan for machining procedure of high speed surface milling cutter.
Based on the study of numerical control milling principle of complex curved surface and numerical control milling technology, by research of cutter characters how to influence the selection of numerical control cutter and milling parameters and milling route, it brings forward preference method for milling route and the preference method for milling parameter.
Based on study of machining character of high speed surface milling cutter, it analyses the CAM system functions for machining of high speed surface milling cutter and bring forward CAM system configuration for machining of high speed surface milling cutter. It develops a CAM system for machining of high speed surface milling cutter. This system uses VC program tools and UG second development tools. It is based on the second development platform of UG.
This system uses UG simulation to examine the validity and practicability of CAM system for machining of high speed surface milling cutter. The result indicates the time for program is greatly shortened and the veracity and security are notably enhanced. It has active effect to improve the efficiency and quality of cutter machining and to reduce the machining cost.
本文在哈尔滨市科技攻关项目“基于安全性的数控高速铣刀开发及其系统研制”支持下,进行高速面铣刀刀体加工特征研究,在UG环境下开发出了高速面铣刀刀体加工CAM系统,主要研究内容包括:
针对高速面铣刀的动平衡与安全性要求,进行高速面铣刀刀体结构分析,采用特征建模技术,进行高速面铣刀刀体加工特征的研究;建立高速面铣刀刀体加工特征匹配原则;提出基于特征匹配的高速面铣刀刀体加工工序设计方法;
以复杂曲面数控铣削加工理论和CAM技术研究成果为基础,通过高速面铣刀刀体特征对数控刀具选择、切削参数和刀具切削运动轨迹影响的研究,提出基于特征匹配的刀具切削运动轨迹及其切削参数优选方法。
以高速面铣刀刀体加工特征的研究为基础,进行高速面铣刀刀体加工CAM系统功能分析,提出高速面铣刀刀体加工CAM系统的结构;采用UG二次开发工具和VC编程工具,开发出基于UG平台的高速面铣刀刀体CAM系统。
系统在UG环境下运行,利用UG仿真对高速面铣刀刀体加工CAM系统的有效性和实用性进行验证。其结果表明,该系统大大缩短了编程时间,使编程的准确性和可靠性得到显著提高,对提高刀具制造的效率和质量、降低加工成本具有积极的推动作用。
For high speed surface milling cutter has these technology advantages, great milling efficiency and high machining precision and high surface quality, it is extensively used in high speed milling. The machining technology develops correspondingly. High speed surface milling cutter has new request on configuration, material and dynamic balance, in view of security. Its design tends to‘high precision, high efficiency, high reliability and customization’. In this situation, batch production mode can’t satisfy the request of high speed surface milling cutter, for it has many types and small batch. To solve the difficulty in the product development of high speed surface milling cutter and cutter machining, a new cutter numerical control machining plan is brought forward, based on study of machining characters of high speed surface milling cutter. It can satisfy the dynamic balance and security requirement and also it is good for the development of high speed surface milling cutter technology.
Under favor of the science and technology arranged project of Harbin’development of numerical control high speed milling cutter and system development
based on security’, this paper studies the features in the machining of the high speed surface milling cutter and develops the CAM system for the machining of high speed surface milling cutter in UG. The main research content contains:
For the dynamic balance and security requirement of high speed surface milling cutter, this paper analyses the configuration of high speed surface milling cutter and uses characteristic modeling to study the machining characters of the high speed surface milling cutter. It establishes the principle for machining characters matching of high speed surface milling cutter. Based on the principle it brings forward the design plan for machining procedure of high speed surface milling cutter.
Based on the study of numerical control milling principle of complex curved surface and numerical control milling technology, by research of cutter characters how to influence the selection of numerical control cutter and milling parameters and milling route, it brings forward preference method for milling route and the preference method for milling parameter.
Based on study of machining character of high speed surface milling cutter, it analyses the CAM system functions for machining of high speed surface milling cutter and bring forward CAM system configuration for machining of high speed surface milling cutter. It develops a CAM system for machining of high speed surface milling cutter. This system uses VC program tools and UG second development tools. It is based on the second development platform of UG.
This system uses UG simulation to examine the validity and practicability of CAM system for machining of high speed surface milling cutter. The result indicates the time for program is greatly shortened and the veracity and security are notably enhanced. It has active effect to improve the efficiency and quality of cutter machining and to reduce the machining cost.
引文
[1]艾兴,刘镇昌,赵军等.高速切削技术研究和应用[A].全国生产工程第8届学术大会暨第3届青年学术会议论文集[C] .机械工业出版社,1999:146-149.
[2]艾兴,刘占强.高速切削刀具材料的进展和未来[J].制造技术与机床,2001,(8):21-25.
[3]曹岩.UGNX4工程应用教程[M] .机械工业出版社,2007:23-27.
[4]徐夏民.数控铣工实习与考级[M] .高等教育出版社,2004:3-6.
[5]徐衡.数控铣工实用技术[M] .辽宁科学技术出版社,2003:31-40.
[6]王卫兵.MasterCAM数控编程实用教程[M] .清华大学出版社,2004:22-24.
[7]叶南海.UG数控编程实例与技巧[M] .国防工业出版社,2005:7-10.
[8]谢国明,曾向阳等.UGCAM实用教程[M].清华大学出版社,2003:1-25.
[9]叶南海.UG数控编程实例与技巧[M].国防工业出版社,2007:2-13.
[10]王栋彦等.Unigraphics快速入门及应用[M] .电子工业出版社,2001:23-27.
[11]蔡兰,王霄.数控加工工艺学[M] .化学工业出版社,2005:12-33.
[12]黄翔,李迎光.UG应用开发教程与实例精解[M] .清华大学出版社,2005:5-18.
[13]侯永涛,丁向阳.UG/Open二次开发与实例精解[M].化学工业出版社,2007:1-5.
[14]艾兴.高速切削加工技术[M].国防工业出版社,2003:79-80.
[15]张伯霖.高速切削技术及应用[M] .机械工业出版社,2002:30-41.
[16]赵振宇.高速铣削及加工工艺策略[J] .制造技术与机床.2004年增刊:65-68.
[17]陈洪涛.数控加工技术与编程[M] .高等教育出版社,2003:9-10.
[18]姚磊.基于STEP-NC特征建模及刀具选配系统研究[D].山东大学硕士学位论文,2006:23-24.
[19]肖伟跃.CAPP系统中工序工步排序研究的现状与发展[J] .计算机辅助设计与制造,1999,(3):49-51.
[20] SURESH K D, YANG C H.Constant scallop-height machining of freefrom surfaces.Journal of Engineering for Industry,1994,116(5):253-259.
[21]李哲.高速面铣刀安全性的研究[D].哈尔滨理工大学硕士学位论文,2006:14-16.
[22]赵炳桢.高速铣削刀具安全技术现状[J].工具技术,1999,33:4-7.
[23]程开举.高速面铣刀设计及其系统的开发[D].哈尔滨理工大学硕士学位论文,2005:40-41.
[24]李佳.数控机床及应用[M] .清华大学出版社,2002:14-16.
[25] ZHANG Z., ZHENG L,etc.A Cutting Foree Model for a Waved-Edge End Milling Cutter[J]. Advanced Manufaeturing Technology,21:43-68.
[26]龚锦超.高速铣削刀具与工艺参数优化[D].同济大学硕士学位论文,2004:39-43.
[27] COLDWELL H, WOODS R, PAUL Martin.Rapid machining of hardened AISIH13 and D2 moulds, dies and press tools[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2003, 135 (2): 301-311.
[28] IWABE H, YAMAGUCHI K, SHIMIZU K.Study on Tool Life and Surface Roughness of High Speed Milling of Hardened Steelby SmallSize Ball end Mill.日本機械学会論文集(C編), 69 (687): 3116-3123.
[29]孟少农.机械加工工艺手册[M] .机械工业出版社,1991.
[30] YANG S.Y,TANSEL I.N,KROPAS-HUHGES C.V.Selection of optimal material and operating conditions in composite manuafaturing.Partl:computational tool.Inten-r ational Jounral of Maehine Tools and Mnauafeture.2003,43(2):175-184.
[31] STEPHEN P.Radzevich.Condition of Porper Seulptured Surface Maehining. Comp- ute Aided Design.2002,34:727-740.
[32]姜彬,杨树财,郑敏利,李振加.数控切削加工工艺参数的多目标优化[J] .工具技术,2002,36(7):22-25.
[33] KIM B H, CHUB C N.Texture prediction of milled surfaces using texture superp- osition method.Compute-Aided Desing.1999,31:485-494.
[34]竺长安.论CAM系统中高速铣削加工的切入方式[J] .CAD/CAM与制造业信息化,2001,(6) .
[35] RIVIN E I.Tooling structure interface between cutting edge and machine tool[J].Annals of the CIRP,2000.49(2):591-634.
[36] SOMASHEKAR R. A Method for Generation of Machining and Fixturing Features from Design Features[J].Computers in Industry,2002,147(3):269-287
[37]许鹏.CAPP专家系统工艺排序方法的研究[D].武汉科技大学硕士学位论文,2006:19-23.
[38]董正卫,田立中,付宜利.UG/OPNE API编程基础[M] .华大学出版社,2002.
[39]何炜.Visual C++.NET2003程序设计[M] .冶金工业出版社,2004
[40] KRUGLINSKI D J,WINGO S,SHEPHERD G.Technique Low-down of Programming Microsoft Visual C++6.0[M].北京希望电子出版社,1999.509-524.
[2]艾兴,刘占强.高速切削刀具材料的进展和未来[J].制造技术与机床,2001,(8):21-25.
[3]曹岩.UGNX4工程应用教程[M] .机械工业出版社,2007:23-27.
[4]徐夏民.数控铣工实习与考级[M] .高等教育出版社,2004:3-6.
[5]徐衡.数控铣工实用技术[M] .辽宁科学技术出版社,2003:31-40.
[6]王卫兵.MasterCAM数控编程实用教程[M] .清华大学出版社,2004:22-24.
[7]叶南海.UG数控编程实例与技巧[M] .国防工业出版社,2005:7-10.
[8]谢国明,曾向阳等.UGCAM实用教程[M].清华大学出版社,2003:1-25.
[9]叶南海.UG数控编程实例与技巧[M].国防工业出版社,2007:2-13.
[10]王栋彦等.Unigraphics快速入门及应用[M] .电子工业出版社,2001:23-27.
[11]蔡兰,王霄.数控加工工艺学[M] .化学工业出版社,2005:12-33.
[12]黄翔,李迎光.UG应用开发教程与实例精解[M] .清华大学出版社,2005:5-18.
[13]侯永涛,丁向阳.UG/Open二次开发与实例精解[M].化学工业出版社,2007:1-5.
[14]艾兴.高速切削加工技术[M].国防工业出版社,2003:79-80.
[15]张伯霖.高速切削技术及应用[M] .机械工业出版社,2002:30-41.
[16]赵振宇.高速铣削及加工工艺策略[J] .制造技术与机床.2004年增刊:65-68.
[17]陈洪涛.数控加工技术与编程[M] .高等教育出版社,2003:9-10.
[18]姚磊.基于STEP-NC特征建模及刀具选配系统研究[D].山东大学硕士学位论文,2006:23-24.
[19]肖伟跃.CAPP系统中工序工步排序研究的现状与发展[J] .计算机辅助设计与制造,1999,(3):49-51.
[20] SURESH K D, YANG C H.Constant scallop-height machining of freefrom surfaces.Journal of Engineering for Industry,1994,116(5):253-259.
[21]李哲.高速面铣刀安全性的研究[D].哈尔滨理工大学硕士学位论文,2006:14-16.
[22]赵炳桢.高速铣削刀具安全技术现状[J].工具技术,1999,33:4-7.
[23]程开举.高速面铣刀设计及其系统的开发[D].哈尔滨理工大学硕士学位论文,2005:40-41.
[24]李佳.数控机床及应用[M] .清华大学出版社,2002:14-16.
[25] ZHANG Z., ZHENG L,etc.A Cutting Foree Model for a Waved-Edge End Milling Cutter[J]. Advanced Manufaeturing Technology,21:43-68.
[26]龚锦超.高速铣削刀具与工艺参数优化[D].同济大学硕士学位论文,2004:39-43.
[27] COLDWELL H, WOODS R, PAUL Martin.Rapid machining of hardened AISIH13 and D2 moulds, dies and press tools[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2003, 135 (2): 301-311.
[28] IWABE H, YAMAGUCHI K, SHIMIZU K.Study on Tool Life and Surface Roughness of High Speed Milling of Hardened Steelby SmallSize Ball end Mill.日本機械学会論文集(C編), 69 (687): 3116-3123.
[29]孟少农.机械加工工艺手册[M] .机械工业出版社,1991.
[30] YANG S.Y,TANSEL I.N,KROPAS-HUHGES C.V.Selection of optimal material and operating conditions in composite manuafaturing.Partl:computational tool.Inten-r ational Jounral of Maehine Tools and Mnauafeture.2003,43(2):175-184.
[31] STEPHEN P.Radzevich.Condition of Porper Seulptured Surface Maehining. Comp- ute Aided Design.2002,34:727-740.
[32]姜彬,杨树财,郑敏利,李振加.数控切削加工工艺参数的多目标优化[J] .工具技术,2002,36(7):22-25.
[33] KIM B H, CHUB C N.Texture prediction of milled surfaces using texture superp- osition method.Compute-Aided Desing.1999,31:485-494.
[34]竺长安.论CAM系统中高速铣削加工的切入方式[J] .CAD/CAM与制造业信息化,2001,(6) .
[35] RIVIN E I.Tooling structure interface between cutting edge and machine tool[J].Annals of the CIRP,2000.49(2):591-634.
[36] SOMASHEKAR R. A Method for Generation of Machining and Fixturing Features from Design Features[J].Computers in Industry,2002,147(3):269-287
[37]许鹏.CAPP专家系统工艺排序方法的研究[D].武汉科技大学硕士学位论文,2006:19-23.
[38]董正卫,田立中,付宜利.UG/OPNE API编程基础[M] .华大学出版社,2002.
[39]何炜.Visual C++.NET2003程序设计[M] .冶金工业出版社,2004
[40] KRUGLINSKI D J,WINGO S,SHEPHERD G.Technique Low-down of Programming Microsoft Visual C++6.0[M].北京希望电子出版社,1999.509-524.