DR1000无纸记录仪研究
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摘要
记录仪是工业生产自动化系统中一种十分重要的二次仪表。传统的模拟记录仪结构复杂，功能单一，必须换纸，加墨水，数据总是以曲线的形式存在于纸上，对历史数据的保存方式单一，对数据的处理，编辑等都存在不足，而集微电子技术，计算机技术，网络通讯技术为一体的无纸记录仪开创了记录仪表的新纪元。它提出了信号检测的新方法，新的多方式图形显示，对历史数据的新型存储载体等。故开发无纸记录仪不仅有很高的实用价值，而且具有很高的科学技术含量，通过对它的开发，对于进一步掌握微电子技术，计算机网络通讯技术都有很高的实践意义。故提出开发无纸记录仪(DR1000)。
本课题提出开发的无纸记录仪是从智能仪器仪表开发的概念出发，采用低成本的自动化小系统的研究方法，提出了一种在硬件上基于以80C196KC为微处理器的单片机控制的小嵌入式系统，在下位机软件基于96系列的通用汇编语言，而上位机基于VB的可视化编程。系统在功能上实现了万能输入，信号通道之间的完全隔离，信号的扫描采集，大屏幕LCD显示技术，FLASH存储器进行数据存储，大容量的具有兼容性的电子软盘，36种信号方式，多种报警方式，RS232/485通讯，以及着眼于下一代的现场总线技术的hart协议接口等。并着重在小信号的处理上进行了深入的研究，在硬件的可靠性设计，软件的开发等方面进行自己独特的分析与论述。
通过实践，本设计达到了设计要求：其8通道信号的采样周期为1秒，各通道间的完全隔离，系统灵敏度可以达到万分之四，精度一般为千分之一，以及功能强大的网络通讯，可以轻松的实现上下位之间的完全信息交流(包括信号设定，方式改变，实时数据传输等)。在工业自动化生产中采用本系统可以很方便地在控制室或远程地方对现场信息进行检测，控制。本系统还可以与现场的调节仪，执行器，变送器等现场自动化仪器之间通过上位机进行信息交流，相互传送现场信息，从而构成一个大的自动化控制系统。
The recorder is a second instrument which is widely used in industrial automatic production . But the traditional recorder has a lot of shortages;complicated structure,simple function,frequently addinq ink and paper changed etc. In addition,the data are registered in paper with the shape of a curve,so it is not convenient to saving,processing and editing of a file. The paperless recording instrument will initiated an epoch,because it has integrated the electronic technology,cyber- technique and network communication technology. Not only it bring some new methods of testing signal and the graph-display of changeful shape,but also source data is may saved. So it is high practical applyed-value to develop paperless recording instrument. It contain some advanced scientific technologies,and it's help to master the technology of micro-electronics and computer network communication technique. It is very important to develop the paperless recording instrument (DR1000).
The study are based on the concept of intellectualized instrument,and I have adopted the method of low-cost automatic system. In the hardware,Bring up an embedded system of single chip based on cpu(80c!96kc);In the software,I used series 96 compile language and visual program based on VB in recording instrument. The product has the following characters:all-purpose input,completed separated signal channels,collection of the signal data by scanning,the display technique of LCD big screen,FLASH memory;capacious compatible floppy disk,36 types of signals,multiple alarms,communication of RS232/485 and Hart confered-link with a view to second generation technique of the field-bus. During the developing course,I used the method of reliability design to design hardware,and researched carefully the process of weak signal.
Pass to practice,The product has achieved all aim of the design. Firstly,its sample period of 8 channels is 1 second. Secondly,its sensitivity is can obtained 4/10000,its precision is about 1/1000. Besides it can exchange information between recorder with the computer control by powerful Network communication(including setting signal,changing mode,real-time transmitted data). In the industrialized automatic production,It can easily remote control the spot,and it can also exchange information with the adjuster,actuator,transmitter,they have constituted a huge automatic control system.
本课题提出开发的无纸记录仪是从智能仪器仪表开发的概念出发，采用低成本的自动化小系统的研究方法，提出了一种在硬件上基于以80C196KC为微处理器的单片机控制的小嵌入式系统，在下位机软件基于96系列的通用汇编语言，而上位机基于VB的可视化编程。系统在功能上实现了万能输入，信号通道之间的完全隔离，信号的扫描采集，大屏幕LCD显示技术，FLASH存储器进行数据存储，大容量的具有兼容性的电子软盘，36种信号方式，多种报警方式，RS232/485通讯，以及着眼于下一代的现场总线技术的hart协议接口等。并着重在小信号的处理上进行了深入的研究，在硬件的可靠性设计，软件的开发等方面进行自己独特的分析与论述。
通过实践，本设计达到了设计要求：其8通道信号的采样周期为1秒，各通道间的完全隔离，系统灵敏度可以达到万分之四，精度一般为千分之一，以及功能强大的网络通讯，可以轻松的实现上下位之间的完全信息交流(包括信号设定，方式改变，实时数据传输等)。在工业自动化生产中采用本系统可以很方便地在控制室或远程地方对现场信息进行检测，控制。本系统还可以与现场的调节仪，执行器，变送器等现场自动化仪器之间通过上位机进行信息交流，相互传送现场信息，从而构成一个大的自动化控制系统。
The recorder is a second instrument which is widely used in industrial automatic production . But the traditional recorder has a lot of shortages;complicated structure,simple function,frequently addinq ink and paper changed etc. In addition,the data are registered in paper with the shape of a curve,so it is not convenient to saving,processing and editing of a file. The paperless recording instrument will initiated an epoch,because it has integrated the electronic technology,cyber- technique and network communication technology. Not only it bring some new methods of testing signal and the graph-display of changeful shape,but also source data is may saved. So it is high practical applyed-value to develop paperless recording instrument. It contain some advanced scientific technologies,and it's help to master the technology of micro-electronics and computer network communication technique. It is very important to develop the paperless recording instrument (DR1000).
The study are based on the concept of intellectualized instrument,and I have adopted the method of low-cost automatic system. In the hardware,Bring up an embedded system of single chip based on cpu(80c!96kc);In the software,I used series 96 compile language and visual program based on VB in recording instrument. The product has the following characters:all-purpose input,completed separated signal channels,collection of the signal data by scanning,the display technique of LCD big screen,FLASH memory;capacious compatible floppy disk,36 types of signals,multiple alarms,communication of RS232/485 and Hart confered-link with a view to second generation technique of the field-bus. During the developing course,I used the method of reliability design to design hardware,and researched carefully the process of weak signal.
Pass to practice,The product has achieved all aim of the design. Firstly,its sample period of 8 channels is 1 second. Secondly,its sensitivity is can obtained 4/10000,its precision is about 1/1000. Besides it can exchange information between recorder with the computer control by powerful Network communication(including setting signal,changing mode,real-time transmitted data). In the industrialized automatic production,It can easily remote control the spot,and it can also exchange information with the adjuster,actuator,transmitter,they have constituted a huge automatic control system.
引文
[1] 金建祥等，无纸记录仪--记录仪发展新趋势，工业仪表与自动化装置，1995，No．4：54-56．
[2] 谢燊，毕监勃，无纸记录仪技术的现状及发展趋势，自动化与仪器仪表，2001，No．3：1-4
[3] 金建祥等，九十年代显示记录新概念--无纸记录仪，化工自动化及仪表，1995，22(5)：42-44。
[4] Ham, John, Paperless: the trend in recording, Instrument Society of America, 43 6 Jun 1996
[5] 马国光，王国华，智能记录仪，仪表技术，2000，1：33-35．
[6] Yokogawa, DAQSTATION DX100 Instruction Manual, Jappan, 2000.
[7] Yokogawa, DAQSTATION DX100 Technical Information, Jappan, 2000.
[8] Yokogawa, DAQSTATION DX100 Communication Interface, Jappan, 2000.
[9] Yokogawa, DAQSTATION DX100 DX Standard Software, Jappan, 2000.
[10] 吴勤勤，都志杰．微机化仪表原理及设计[M]．上海：华东化工学院出版社，1991
[11] Banks, Walter, Technical overview of the embedded systems field, Wescon Conference Record v 34 Nov 13-15 1990 ,p 426-428
[12] Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A, Martin, G., Platform-based design and software design methodology for embedded systems, IEEE Design and Test of Computers v 18 n 6 November/December 2001 p 23-33
[13] Anakwa, Winfred K.N.; Cohen, Eugene, Tools for rapid prototyping of embedded control systems, IECON Proceedings, v 3 Nov 29-Dec 2 2001: 90-94
[14] Kingsepp, P.; Rozenblat, L, Power supplies for embedded computer systems, Electronic Product Design v 22 n 8 August 2001: 33-35
[15] 汪建，MCS—96系列单片机原理及应用技术，华中理工大学出版社，1998，353-360。66-80．
[16] 方建淳，8098单片机原理与运用技术，天津科学技术出版社，1990，354-380．
[17] 黄晓苓，刘延冰，16位高性能并行输出A/D转换器ADS及其引用，电测与仪表，1999，No．3
[18] 戴逸松，电子系统噪声及低噪声设计方法[M]．长春：吉林人民出版社，1984．11～120
[19] 诸邦田．电子线路抗干扰技术手册[M]．北京：北京科学技术出版社，1988
[20] 王幸之，王雷等，单片机应用系统抗干扰技术，北京航空航天大学出版社，1999．12．
[21] 王世一，数字信号处理，北京理工大学出版社，1997，No．2，177—184．
[22] 邱关源，电路，高等教育出版社，1989，No．3，233—239．
[23] 施仁，刘文江，自动化仪表与控制过程，电子工业出版社，1991，11—12．
[24] 何立民，单片机运用技术选编，北京航空航天大学出版社，2000．
[25] 王福瑞等，单片机微机测控系统设计大全，北京航空航天大学出版社，1999，49-52．
[26] 林继建，吴明光，PC机和单片机串行通信程序设计，计算机应用研究，2001，No．5，108-110
[27] 方正，无纸记录仪的关键技术及发展趋势，化工自动化及仪表，1999，26(2)，1-3．
[28] Davidson, Lee S ,New 16-bit application-specific microcontroller, Wescon Conference Record v 34 Nov 13-15 1990: 235-239
[29] Anon, Computer based data aequisition, Proceedings of the Industrial Computing Conference, Oct 1-6 1995, p 332-342
[30] Kris Jamsa, Visual Basic 程序技巧1001例，电子工业出版社，1997
[31] 梅杓春，许世民，Win95下利用串口进行的网络编程，计算机工程与应用No．7 1998：18-20
[32] 何军等，符合HART协议的无纸记录仪，自动化仪表，1999，Vol．20，No．12
[33] 毕监勃，谢燊，基于Lonworks的现场总线控制系统SMART 2000，自动化与仪器仪表，2001，No．4，7-11．
[34] 李维，郭强．液晶显示器件应用技术[M]．北京：北京邮电学院出版社，1992
[35] 谢涛，液晶显示技术的最新发展，中国计算机用户，1999，(30)：15
[36] 林继建，吴明光等，嵌入式中长图无纸记录仪数据分析软件包的研究和开发，自动化与仪器仪表，No．2 2001：51-53
[37] Yokogawa, HR1300 HYBRID RECODER, Jappan, 1999
[38] Yokogawa, HR2400 HYBRID RECODER, Jappan, 1999
[39] Anon, Process recorders keep getting more flexible and capable, Control Engineering, 43 12 Sep 1996
[40] Anon, Recorders make strides in versatility, Control Engineering, 46 4 1999: 97-98
[41] Kortick, David, Advanced recorders offer paper and paperless solutions, I&CS Instrumentation & Control Systems, v 71 n 5 May 1998: 63-64
[42] Beasley, M.T., Paperless recording in grade "A" PMO continuous flow pasteurization applications, ISA TECH/EXPO Technology Update Conference Proceedings v 413 Ⅱ Sep 10-13 2001 2001: 403-413
[43] 卞骏，江奕奕，无纸记录仪在氯氢处理中的应用，氯碱化工，2001，No．3：42-43
[44] 周起设，数字存储记录仪原理与设计，电子技术应用，1997，No．10：33-35．
[45] 王国燕，基于虚拟仪器概念的多功能无纸记录仪的设计开发，电子技术应用，2000，No．5：31-34．
[46] 谢锋，黄克强等，AD7715模／数转换器在分布式无纸记录仪中的应用，电子技术应用，1999，No．1：32-33
[2] 谢燊，毕监勃，无纸记录仪技术的现状及发展趋势，自动化与仪器仪表，2001，No．3：1-4
[3] 金建祥等，九十年代显示记录新概念--无纸记录仪，化工自动化及仪表，1995，22(5)：42-44。
[4] Ham, John, Paperless: the trend in recording, Instrument Society of America, 43 6 Jun 1996
[5] 马国光，王国华，智能记录仪，仪表技术，2000，1：33-35．
[6] Yokogawa, DAQSTATION DX100 Instruction Manual, Jappan, 2000.
[7] Yokogawa, DAQSTATION DX100 Technical Information, Jappan, 2000.
[8] Yokogawa, DAQSTATION DX100 Communication Interface, Jappan, 2000.
[9] Yokogawa, DAQSTATION DX100 DX Standard Software, Jappan, 2000.
[10] 吴勤勤，都志杰．微机化仪表原理及设计[M]．上海：华东化工学院出版社，1991
[11] Banks, Walter, Technical overview of the embedded systems field, Wescon Conference Record v 34 Nov 13-15 1990 ,p 426-428
[12] Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A, Martin, G., Platform-based design and software design methodology for embedded systems, IEEE Design and Test of Computers v 18 n 6 November/December 2001 p 23-33
[13] Anakwa, Winfred K.N.; Cohen, Eugene, Tools for rapid prototyping of embedded control systems, IECON Proceedings, v 3 Nov 29-Dec 2 2001: 90-94
[14] Kingsepp, P.; Rozenblat, L, Power supplies for embedded computer systems, Electronic Product Design v 22 n 8 August 2001: 33-35
[15] 汪建，MCS—96系列单片机原理及应用技术，华中理工大学出版社，1998，353-360。66-80．
[16] 方建淳，8098单片机原理与运用技术，天津科学技术出版社，1990，354-380．
[17] 黄晓苓，刘延冰，16位高性能并行输出A/D转换器ADS及其引用，电测与仪表，1999，No．3
[18] 戴逸松，电子系统噪声及低噪声设计方法[M]．长春：吉林人民出版社，1984．11～120
[19] 诸邦田．电子线路抗干扰技术手册[M]．北京：北京科学技术出版社，1988
[20] 王幸之，王雷等，单片机应用系统抗干扰技术，北京航空航天大学出版社，1999．12．
[21] 王世一，数字信号处理，北京理工大学出版社，1997，No．2，177—184．
[22] 邱关源，电路，高等教育出版社，1989，No．3，233—239．
[23] 施仁，刘文江，自动化仪表与控制过程，电子工业出版社，1991，11—12．
[24] 何立民，单片机运用技术选编，北京航空航天大学出版社，2000．
[25] 王福瑞等，单片机微机测控系统设计大全，北京航空航天大学出版社，1999，49-52．
[26] 林继建，吴明光，PC机和单片机串行通信程序设计，计算机应用研究，2001，No．5，108-110
[27] 方正，无纸记录仪的关键技术及发展趋势，化工自动化及仪表，1999，26(2)，1-3．
[28] Davidson, Lee S ,New 16-bit application-specific microcontroller, Wescon Conference Record v 34 Nov 13-15 1990: 235-239
[29] Anon, Computer based data aequisition, Proceedings of the Industrial Computing Conference, Oct 1-6 1995, p 332-342
[30] Kris Jamsa, Visual Basic 程序技巧1001例，电子工业出版社，1997
[31] 梅杓春，许世民，Win95下利用串口进行的网络编程，计算机工程与应用No．7 1998：18-20
[32] 何军等，符合HART协议的无纸记录仪，自动化仪表，1999，Vol．20，No．12
[33] 毕监勃，谢燊，基于Lonworks的现场总线控制系统SMART 2000，自动化与仪器仪表，2001，No．4，7-11．
[34] 李维，郭强．液晶显示器件应用技术[M]．北京：北京邮电学院出版社，1992
[35] 谢涛，液晶显示技术的最新发展，中国计算机用户，1999，(30)：15
[36] 林继建，吴明光等，嵌入式中长图无纸记录仪数据分析软件包的研究和开发，自动化与仪器仪表，No．2 2001：51-53
[37] Yokogawa, HR1300 HYBRID RECODER, Jappan, 1999
[38] Yokogawa, HR2400 HYBRID RECODER, Jappan, 1999
[39] Anon, Process recorders keep getting more flexible and capable, Control Engineering, 43 12 Sep 1996
[40] Anon, Recorders make strides in versatility, Control Engineering, 46 4 1999: 97-98
[41] Kortick, David, Advanced recorders offer paper and paperless solutions, I&CS Instrumentation & Control Systems, v 71 n 5 May 1998: 63-64
[42] Beasley, M.T., Paperless recording in grade "A" PMO continuous flow pasteurization applications, ISA TECH/EXPO Technology Update Conference Proceedings v 413 Ⅱ Sep 10-13 2001 2001: 403-413
[43] 卞骏，江奕奕，无纸记录仪在氯氢处理中的应用，氯碱化工，2001，No．3：42-43
[44] 周起设，数字存储记录仪原理与设计，电子技术应用，1997，No．10：33-35．
[45] 王国燕，基于虚拟仪器概念的多功能无纸记录仪的设计开发，电子技术应用，2000，No．5：31-34．
[46] 谢锋，黄克强等，AD7715模／数转换器在分布式无纸记录仪中的应用，电子技术应用，1999，No．1：32-33
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