RFID系统标签天线设计与研究
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摘要
射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)技术,是一种利用射频通信实现的非接触式自动识别技术。它利用射频信号的空间耦合(交变磁场或电磁场)实现无接触信息传递并通过所传递的信息达到识别对象的目的。
随着科技的不断进步,无线射频识别技术得到了极快的发展,产品种类日益丰富,应用也越来越广泛,已涉及到人们日常生活的各个方面。被誉为条形码未来替代品的无线射频识别技术,必将成为未来信息社会建设的一项基础科技。
随着RFID技术的发展,标签天线设计将会成为新的研究热点。由于标签天线工作性能受背景环境的限制,其天线设计具有其本身特殊性。本文正是把电磁场理论和RFID技术结合,为RFID标签天线的研究和应用做了一些探索性的工作。
本文通过理论分析、建模仿真等研究方法,做了下面的工作:
1.全面而系统地阅读了关于天线和电磁场理论的书籍文献,并与射频识别(RFID)技术结合,初步汇集了分析天线和辐射场所需的理论基础。
2.本文以微带天线的已经成熟的理论为依据,以软件仿真为手段,对工作频率为5.8GHz的微带贴片天线设计进行了理论与实验的探讨。主要工作体现在:在进行小型圆极化的优化设计中,以理论为依据,文中给出了两种不同方法设计的微带圆极化天线,并探讨了宽带优化设计的主要途径。
3.本文详细介绍了UHF频段标签天线的设计特殊性,介绍了UHF标签天线设计流程和设计要点。文中细致研究了天线小型化的主要途径,详细研究了如和利用蛇形线结构实现天线小型化。而后设计了两款UHF频段的标签天线,其输出阻抗分别都可调节,与标签芯片的阻抗共轭匹配。
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is one of Automatic Identification technology, which is used with the coupling of radio magnetic filed to realize wireless communication and identify the items.
As RFID technology developing rapidly, more application has been involved in all aspects of daily life. RFID technology will become the base of the future information society instead of the barcode.
With the development of RFID technology, the tag antenna will become a new hotspot for research. The tag antenna is special, because the tag antenna is used in the various environments. The theory of electromagnetic field and RFID technology are combined in this paper and some exploring work for research on RFID tag antenna design and RFID application is done.
By the research means such as theoretic analysis, modeling and simulation, the work in this paper are as follow:
I. The books and literature about the theory of antenna and electromagnetic field are read comprehensively and systematically, the theoiy is combined with RFID technology and the theoretical basis needed in analyzing antenna and radiation field is compiled.
2. The micro strip antenna in the 5.8GHz is researched by the ripe theories and by the simulation. By the ripe theories, the paper shows two different means to design micro strip antenna, and studies the main method to expanding the bandwidth.
3. The paper introduces the special in the UHF tag antenna design. The keystone and the step of the design is showed. The paper is research on the minimization antenna. The meander line antenna is studied particular. The two UHF tag antennas are designed, whose output impedance is adjustable.
随着科技的不断进步,无线射频识别技术得到了极快的发展,产品种类日益丰富,应用也越来越广泛,已涉及到人们日常生活的各个方面。被誉为条形码未来替代品的无线射频识别技术,必将成为未来信息社会建设的一项基础科技。
随着RFID技术的发展,标签天线设计将会成为新的研究热点。由于标签天线工作性能受背景环境的限制,其天线设计具有其本身特殊性。本文正是把电磁场理论和RFID技术结合,为RFID标签天线的研究和应用做了一些探索性的工作。
本文通过理论分析、建模仿真等研究方法,做了下面的工作:
1.全面而系统地阅读了关于天线和电磁场理论的书籍文献,并与射频识别(RFID)技术结合,初步汇集了分析天线和辐射场所需的理论基础。
2.本文以微带天线的已经成熟的理论为依据,以软件仿真为手段,对工作频率为5.8GHz的微带贴片天线设计进行了理论与实验的探讨。主要工作体现在:在进行小型圆极化的优化设计中,以理论为依据,文中给出了两种不同方法设计的微带圆极化天线,并探讨了宽带优化设计的主要途径。
3.本文详细介绍了UHF频段标签天线的设计特殊性,介绍了UHF标签天线设计流程和设计要点。文中细致研究了天线小型化的主要途径,详细研究了如和利用蛇形线结构实现天线小型化。而后设计了两款UHF频段的标签天线,其输出阻抗分别都可调节,与标签芯片的阻抗共轭匹配。
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is one of Automatic Identification technology, which is used with the coupling of radio magnetic filed to realize wireless communication and identify the items.
As RFID technology developing rapidly, more application has been involved in all aspects of daily life. RFID technology will become the base of the future information society instead of the barcode.
With the development of RFID technology, the tag antenna will become a new hotspot for research. The tag antenna is special, because the tag antenna is used in the various environments. The theory of electromagnetic field and RFID technology are combined in this paper and some exploring work for research on RFID tag antenna design and RFID application is done.
By the research means such as theoretic analysis, modeling and simulation, the work in this paper are as follow:
I. The books and literature about the theory of antenna and electromagnetic field are read comprehensively and systematically, the theoiy is combined with RFID technology and the theoretical basis needed in analyzing antenna and radiation field is compiled.
2. The micro strip antenna in the 5.8GHz is researched by the ripe theories and by the simulation. By the ripe theories, the paper shows two different means to design micro strip antenna, and studies the main method to expanding the bandwidth.
3. The paper introduces the special in the UHF tag antenna design. The keystone and the step of the design is showed. The paper is research on the minimization antenna. The meander line antenna is studied particular. The two UHF tag antennas are designed, whose output impedance is adjustable.
引文
[1]高攸纲编著《电磁兼容总论》北京邮电大学出版社 2002
[2]白铜云等编著《电磁兼容设计》北京邮电大学出版社 2002
[3]陈淑凤等编著《电磁兼容实验技术》北京邮电大学出版社 2002
[4]钟顺时,微带天线理论与应用.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1991
[5]康行健,天线原理与设计[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1993
[6]焦其祥,电磁场与电磁波,北京,科技出版社 2004
[7][德国]芬·肯策勒,著.游占清,译.射频识别(RFID)技术,无线电感应的应答器和非接触IC卡的原理与应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2001
[8]钟顺时、刘武华、张学军,圆极化宽频带微带天线元,《中国电子学会1987年天线年会论文集》,南京。
[9]钟顺时、罗远社,微带天线理论和技术的进展,《电子科学学报》,VOI,11,3,1989
[10]习羽石曹、吉田信一郎,利用一点馈点的圆极化矩形微带天线的设计方法,《电讯技术参考资料一微带天线(专题译文集)》,3.1982
[11]陈邦媛,射频通信电路,北京:科学出版社,2001
[12](德)Klaus Finkenzeller著,陈大材编译,射频识别(RFID)技术(第二版),电子工业出版社,2001
[13]武岳山,RFID技术应用中的问题与解决思路[7],射频识别(深圳市远望谷信息技术有限公司内部刊物)2006年第1期
[14]鲍尔,《微带天线》,梁联悼等译,北京:电子工业出版社,1988
[15]张钧等,微带天线理论与工程[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1988
[16]高建平,张芝贤.电波传播(电磁理论基础·微波技术·天线基础)
[17]Werner D H,Gangly S.An overview of fractal antenna engineering research[J].Antennas and Propagation Magazine,2003,45(1):38-57
[18]Sanchez J L,de HaroL.Experiences on multilane fractal antennas[J].Antennas and Propagation Society,2001,4:58-61.
[19]Borja C,Romeu J.On the behavior of Koch island fractal boundary micro strip patch antenna [J].Antennas and Propagation,2003,51(6):1281-1291.
[20]张志振,罗永志,箫保成,岑裕洲.射频辨识技术之标签天线设计.2004海峡两岸三地无线电科技研讨会论文集,C1:26-31
[21]Peter J,Fractal antenna design for RFID applications.Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2002;1(3):74-76
[22]T.J.Warnagiris and T.J.Minardo,"Performance of a meandered line as electrically small transmitting antenna," IEEE Trans.Antennas Propagate.,vol.46,pp.1797-1876,Dec.1998.
[23]F.L.Vernon,Application of the Microwave Homodyne,IRE Trans.,Vo 1.AP-4,PP.110-116,1952
[24]J.F.Zaleske,Passive Microwave Receiver-Transmitter S Patent,3,83 6,961,Sept.1974
[25]D.Mawhinney,Microwave Tag Identification Systems.Vol.4,No.4,PP.589-610,Dec.1983
[2]白铜云等编著《电磁兼容设计》北京邮电大学出版社 2002
[3]陈淑凤等编著《电磁兼容实验技术》北京邮电大学出版社 2002
[4]钟顺时,微带天线理论与应用.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1991
[5]康行健,天线原理与设计[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1993
[6]焦其祥,电磁场与电磁波,北京,科技出版社 2004
[7][德国]芬·肯策勒,著.游占清,译.射频识别(RFID)技术,无线电感应的应答器和非接触IC卡的原理与应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2001
[8]钟顺时、刘武华、张学军,圆极化宽频带微带天线元,《中国电子学会1987年天线年会论文集》,南京。
[9]钟顺时、罗远社,微带天线理论和技术的进展,《电子科学学报》,VOI,11,3,1989
[10]习羽石曹、吉田信一郎,利用一点馈点的圆极化矩形微带天线的设计方法,《电讯技术参考资料一微带天线(专题译文集)》,3.1982
[11]陈邦媛,射频通信电路,北京:科学出版社,2001
[12](德)Klaus Finkenzeller著,陈大材编译,射频识别(RFID)技术(第二版),电子工业出版社,2001
[13]武岳山,RFID技术应用中的问题与解决思路[7],射频识别(深圳市远望谷信息技术有限公司内部刊物)2006年第1期
[14]鲍尔,《微带天线》,梁联悼等译,北京:电子工业出版社,1988
[15]张钧等,微带天线理论与工程[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1988
[16]高建平,张芝贤.电波传播(电磁理论基础·微波技术·天线基础)
[17]Werner D H,Gangly S.An overview of fractal antenna engineering research[J].Antennas and Propagation Magazine,2003,45(1):38-57
[18]Sanchez J L,de HaroL.Experiences on multilane fractal antennas[J].Antennas and Propagation Society,2001,4:58-61.
[19]Borja C,Romeu J.On the behavior of Koch island fractal boundary micro strip patch antenna [J].Antennas and Propagation,2003,51(6):1281-1291.
[20]张志振,罗永志,箫保成,岑裕洲.射频辨识技术之标签天线设计.2004海峡两岸三地无线电科技研讨会论文集,C1:26-31
[21]Peter J,Fractal antenna design for RFID applications.Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2002;1(3):74-76
[22]T.J.Warnagiris and T.J.Minardo,"Performance of a meandered line as electrically small transmitting antenna," IEEE Trans.Antennas Propagate.,vol.46,pp.1797-1876,Dec.1998.
[23]F.L.Vernon,Application of the Microwave Homodyne,IRE Trans.,Vo 1.AP-4,PP.110-116,1952
[24]J.F.Zaleske,Passive Microwave Receiver-Transmitter S Patent,3,83 6,961,Sept.1974
[25]D.Mawhinney,Microwave Tag Identification Systems.Vol.4,No.4,PP.589-610,Dec.1983