基于集采专供的企业集团物流协同机制研究
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摘要
摘要：协同问题是现在企业集团和理论界关心的重要问题,且在当今的经济背景下具有重要的现实意义,采购等物流职能分散带来的物流协同问题是企业集团急需解决的问题之一。通过采购物流一体化,实施集采专供业务,加强企业内部物流协同,是企业集团提高竞争力、实现产业链协同发展的必要措施。基于此,本文在前人研究的基础上,以交易成本理论、最优化方法等理论作为研究工具,展开了对基于集采专供的企业集团内部的物流协同机制研究。
基于集采专供,本文主要构建了以组织整合机制、流程重组机制和协同运作机制为核心的企业集团物流协同机制,分别建立了基于信息流程模型的组织整合管理模型、基于流程变革的业务流程重构模型、基于二层规划的集中采购决策模型、基于报童模型的安全库存决策模型和基于多式联运的配送协同模型。在理论研究的基础上,本文还以国内某电煤集团企业为例进行了实证分析,在对其产业链协同进行分析的基础上给出基于集采专供的内部协同建议。
The coordination problems are important issues which Enterprise Groups and the theorists care about. And one is the logistics coordination problem caused by the scattered logistics functions, one of which the Enterprise Group wants to solve most. By way of integrated logistics, centralized procurement and specialized supplying, the Enterprise Groups can improve their logistics synergism and competitive strength. Based on other scholars' researches, this paper uses the transaction cost theory, the synergetic theory and the optimization methods to research the coordination mechanisms of logistics of enterprise group based on Centralized Procurement and Specialized Supplying (CPSS).
Based on CPSS, this paper mainly constructs coordination mechanisms of logistics of enterprise group, including the organizational integration mechanism, process reengineering mechanism and operational coordination mechanism, and building the organizational integration management model based on Information Flow model, the process reengineering management model based on Process Changing, the centralized procurement decision model based on bi-level programming, the safety stock model based on the Newsboy model & the cooperation transportation model based on intermodal. Then, this paper gives the analysis of the supply chain coordination of a coal-electricity enterprise group, and brings out some useful advices about using CPSS to help to achieve logistics coordination.
基于集采专供,本文主要构建了以组织整合机制、流程重组机制和协同运作机制为核心的企业集团物流协同机制,分别建立了基于信息流程模型的组织整合管理模型、基于流程变革的业务流程重构模型、基于二层规划的集中采购决策模型、基于报童模型的安全库存决策模型和基于多式联运的配送协同模型。在理论研究的基础上,本文还以国内某电煤集团企业为例进行了实证分析,在对其产业链协同进行分析的基础上给出基于集采专供的内部协同建议。
The coordination problems are important issues which Enterprise Groups and the theorists care about. And one is the logistics coordination problem caused by the scattered logistics functions, one of which the Enterprise Group wants to solve most. By way of integrated logistics, centralized procurement and specialized supplying, the Enterprise Groups can improve their logistics synergism and competitive strength. Based on other scholars' researches, this paper uses the transaction cost theory, the synergetic theory and the optimization methods to research the coordination mechanisms of logistics of enterprise group based on Centralized Procurement and Specialized Supplying (CPSS).
Based on CPSS, this paper mainly constructs coordination mechanisms of logistics of enterprise group, including the organizational integration mechanism, process reengineering mechanism and operational coordination mechanism, and building the organizational integration management model based on Information Flow model, the process reengineering management model based on Process Changing, the centralized procurement decision model based on bi-level programming, the safety stock model based on the Newsboy model & the cooperation transportation model based on intermodal. Then, this paper gives the analysis of the supply chain coordination of a coal-electricity enterprise group, and brings out some useful advices about using CPSS to help to achieve logistics coordination.
引文
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[3]邹志勇等.企业集团管理协同能力理论模型研究[J].财经问题研究.2008(9)：99-102
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[5]McClellan M. Collaborative Manufacturing:Using Real Time Information to Support the Supply Chain. [M]CRC Press,2002
[6]韵江等.企业集团的价值创造与协同效应的实现机制[J].财经问题研究.2006(4)：79-86
[7]蒋文用.如何提高企业集团管理的整体协同效应[J].中共贵州省委党校学报.2005(6)：45-46
[8]高超等.企业集团战略协同的关联因素分析[J].经济理论研究.2006(9)：5-7
[9]韩静等.企业集团资源协同的价值创造研究[J].现代管理科学.2009(8)：177-19
[10]丁铭华等.企业集团资源协同管理环状机制模型研究[J].上海经济研究.2010(2)：75-81
[11]丁铭华等.企业集团资源协同条件判定模型[J].中国经济与管理科学.2009(9)：53-55
[12]李晓娣.企业集团子公司协同治理的合作博弈分析[J].生产力研究.2008(18)：141-142
[13]谢天保,巨莹.供应链物流协同模型[J].物流工程与管理.2010(9).
[14]胡珑瑛,肖怀良.基于协同学的造船供应链物流协同机制研究[J].商场现代化.2009(17).
[15]朱本飞,刘璐.基于集配中心的供应物流协同补货决策模型[J].物流工程与管理.2008(12).
[16]宁方华,陈子辰.熵理论在物流协同中的应用研究[J].浙江大学学报-工学版.2006(10).
[17]姚青.关于电子商务与现代物流协同发展研究[J].科技经济市场.2006(4).
[18]唐琮沅,景保峰.我国电子商务与现代物流协同发展研究.物流技术.2008(11).
[19]季常煦等.铁路物资总公司集采专供系统的分析与设计[J].铁路计算机应用.2002(11)：12-15
[20]Harris F W. Operations and Cost—Factory Management Series[M]. Chicago:A. W. Shaw Co,1915
[21]Khouja M. The Single Period(news—vendor)Inventory Problem:A Literature Review and Suggestions forFuture Research[J]. Omega,1999(27):537—553
[22]Silver E A, Pyke D F, Peterson R. Inventory Management and Production Planning and Scheduling[M]. New York:John wiley& Sons,1998:280—295
[23]Hariga M, Haouari M. An EOQ lot sizing model with random supplier capacity[J]. International Journal of Production Economics,1999, (58)1:39-47
[24]Gullu R, Onol E, Erkip N. Analysis of an inventory system under supply uncertainty[J]. International Journal of Production Economics,1999(59):377—385
[25]Lau A, Lau H. The newsstand problem:a capacitated multiproduct single period inventory problem[J]. Operations Regearch,1996(94):29-42
[26]Chang P L, Lin C T. On the effect of centralization of the expected costs in a multi—location newsboy problem[J]. Journal of Operational Research Society,1991(42): 1025—1030
[27]Wirth Andrew. Technical paper:inventory control and inflation:a review[J]. International Journal of Operations&Production Management,1989,9(1):67—72
[28]James M Wilson. A simulation analysis of ordering policies under inflationary conditions: a critique[J]. International Journal of Operations& Production Management,1995,15(8): 89—91
[29]向晋乾等.定期订货策略下企业集团集中采购的最优订货模型[J].上海交通大学学报.2005(39)：474-478
[30]胡耀光等.基于二层规划模型的统一采购方法研究[J].中国机械工程.2007(18)：52-55
[31]董春鹤等.集团企业采购管理平台的研究[J].科学技术与工程.2006(6).
[32]樊治平等.集中采购战略的组织变革与实施[J].企业管理.2007(3)：96-98
[33]胡文静.企业集团物资集中采购模式的探讨[J].浙江财税与会计.2002(2)：28-28
[34]刘德智.CNC集团公司的集中采购管理策略与实施[硕十学位论文].重庆大学.2007年.
[35]周斌.SF公司实施集中采购的策略探讨[硕士学位论文].上海交通大学.200年.
[36]陈天鸣.中远集团燃油集中采购探讨[硕士学位论文].上海交通大学.2006年.
[37]徐杰.物流组织网络：结构与运作[M].社会科学文献出版社.2008年.
[38]冯磊，张明毫.我国公共危机管理机制模型的构建——基于组织整合理论的分析.武汉科技大学学报2007年1期.
[39]欧文.拉兹洛.系统·结构和经验[M].上海译文出版社,1997.
[40]Thomas Davenport (1993). Process Innovation:Reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business School Press, Boston.
[41]Michael Hammer and James Champy(1993). Reengineering the Corporation:A Manifesto for Business Revolution, Harper Business.
[42]Henry J. Johansson et.al. (1999). Business Process Reengineering:BreakPoint Strategies for Market Dominance. John Wiley & Sons.
[43]潘开灵,白列湖.管理协同机制研究[J],系统科学学报.2006(1)：46.
[44]Bracken J, McGill J. Mathematical programs with optimization problems in the constraints. Operationas research,1973,21:37～44.
[45]Fazza A. First-order Necessary Optimality Conditions for General Bilevel Programming problem[J]. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications.1996.9:189-219.
[46]吴睿,非线性二层规划的一种混合粒子群算法[J].衡水学院学报-2010年1期.
[47]高常海,曹德欣.一类二层规划问题的调节熵函数法[J].徐州工程学院学报：自然科学版-2009年2期.
[48]李宏,王宇平.解非线性二层规划的一种混合遗传算法[J].西安电子科技大学学报-2002年6期.
[49]宋殿辉,苗壮.集中存储对安全库存影响机理研究[J].物流技术,2008.8：72.
[50]林勇,马士华.基于随机提前期的通用件安全库存管理[J].工业工程与管理,2003.3.
[2]顾保国等.基于协同力的企业集团共有资源配置[J].唯实.2004(7)：20-23
[3]邹志勇等.企业集团管理协同能力理论模型研究[J].财经问题研究.2008(9)：99-102
[4]Nicolai. J. Fox, Chris Knudsen,李东红.企业万能：面向企业能力理论[M].东北财经大学出版社.1998(5)：84
[5]McClellan M. Collaborative Manufacturing:Using Real Time Information to Support the Supply Chain. [M]CRC Press,2002
[6]韵江等.企业集团的价值创造与协同效应的实现机制[J].财经问题研究.2006(4)：79-86
[7]蒋文用.如何提高企业集团管理的整体协同效应[J].中共贵州省委党校学报.2005(6)：45-46
[8]高超等.企业集团战略协同的关联因素分析[J].经济理论研究.2006(9)：5-7
[9]韩静等.企业集团资源协同的价值创造研究[J].现代管理科学.2009(8)：177-19
[10]丁铭华等.企业集团资源协同管理环状机制模型研究[J].上海经济研究.2010(2)：75-81
[11]丁铭华等.企业集团资源协同条件判定模型[J].中国经济与管理科学.2009(9)：53-55
[12]李晓娣.企业集团子公司协同治理的合作博弈分析[J].生产力研究.2008(18)：141-142
[13]谢天保,巨莹.供应链物流协同模型[J].物流工程与管理.2010(9).
[14]胡珑瑛,肖怀良.基于协同学的造船供应链物流协同机制研究[J].商场现代化.2009(17).
[15]朱本飞,刘璐.基于集配中心的供应物流协同补货决策模型[J].物流工程与管理.2008(12).
[16]宁方华,陈子辰.熵理论在物流协同中的应用研究[J].浙江大学学报-工学版.2006(10).
[17]姚青.关于电子商务与现代物流协同发展研究[J].科技经济市场.2006(4).
[18]唐琮沅,景保峰.我国电子商务与现代物流协同发展研究.物流技术.2008(11).
[19]季常煦等.铁路物资总公司集采专供系统的分析与设计[J].铁路计算机应用.2002(11)：12-15
[20]Harris F W. Operations and Cost—Factory Management Series[M]. Chicago:A. W. Shaw Co,1915
[21]Khouja M. The Single Period(news—vendor)Inventory Problem:A Literature Review and Suggestions forFuture Research[J]. Omega,1999(27):537—553
[22]Silver E A, Pyke D F, Peterson R. Inventory Management and Production Planning and Scheduling[M]. New York:John wiley& Sons,1998:280—295
[23]Hariga M, Haouari M. An EOQ lot sizing model with random supplier capacity[J]. International Journal of Production Economics,1999, (58)1:39-47
[24]Gullu R, Onol E, Erkip N. Analysis of an inventory system under supply uncertainty[J]. International Journal of Production Economics,1999(59):377—385
[25]Lau A, Lau H. The newsstand problem:a capacitated multiproduct single period inventory problem[J]. Operations Regearch,1996(94):29-42
[26]Chang P L, Lin C T. On the effect of centralization of the expected costs in a multi—location newsboy problem[J]. Journal of Operational Research Society,1991(42): 1025—1030
[27]Wirth Andrew. Technical paper:inventory control and inflation:a review[J]. International Journal of Operations&Production Management,1989,9(1):67—72
[28]James M Wilson. A simulation analysis of ordering policies under inflationary conditions: a critique[J]. International Journal of Operations& Production Management,1995,15(8): 89—91
[29]向晋乾等.定期订货策略下企业集团集中采购的最优订货模型[J].上海交通大学学报.2005(39)：474-478
[30]胡耀光等.基于二层规划模型的统一采购方法研究[J].中国机械工程.2007(18)：52-55
[31]董春鹤等.集团企业采购管理平台的研究[J].科学技术与工程.2006(6).
[32]樊治平等.集中采购战略的组织变革与实施[J].企业管理.2007(3)：96-98
[33]胡文静.企业集团物资集中采购模式的探讨[J].浙江财税与会计.2002(2)：28-28
[34]刘德智.CNC集团公司的集中采购管理策略与实施[硕十学位论文].重庆大学.2007年.
[35]周斌.SF公司实施集中采购的策略探讨[硕士学位论文].上海交通大学.200年.
[36]陈天鸣.中远集团燃油集中采购探讨[硕士学位论文].上海交通大学.2006年.
[37]徐杰.物流组织网络：结构与运作[M].社会科学文献出版社.2008年.
[38]冯磊，张明毫.我国公共危机管理机制模型的构建——基于组织整合理论的分析.武汉科技大学学报2007年1期.
[39]欧文.拉兹洛.系统·结构和经验[M].上海译文出版社,1997.
[40]Thomas Davenport (1993). Process Innovation:Reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business School Press, Boston.
[41]Michael Hammer and James Champy(1993). Reengineering the Corporation:A Manifesto for Business Revolution, Harper Business.
[42]Henry J. Johansson et.al. (1999). Business Process Reengineering:BreakPoint Strategies for Market Dominance. John Wiley & Sons.
[43]潘开灵,白列湖.管理协同机制研究[J],系统科学学报.2006(1)：46.
[44]Bracken J, McGill J. Mathematical programs with optimization problems in the constraints. Operationas research,1973,21:37～44.
[45]Fazza A. First-order Necessary Optimality Conditions for General Bilevel Programming problem[J]. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications.1996.9:189-219.
[46]吴睿,非线性二层规划的一种混合粒子群算法[J].衡水学院学报-2010年1期.
[47]高常海,曹德欣.一类二层规划问题的调节熵函数法[J].徐州工程学院学报：自然科学版-2009年2期.
[48]李宏,王宇平.解非线性二层规划的一种混合遗传算法[J].西安电子科技大学学报-2002年6期.
[49]宋殿辉,苗壮.集中存储对安全库存影响机理研究[J].物流技术,2008.8：72.
[50]林勇,马士华.基于随机提前期的通用件安全库存管理[J].工业工程与管理,2003.3.