基于ArcGIS西安生态文明建设评价及对策研究
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摘要
生态文明建设,不同于传统意义上的污染控制和生态恢复,而是克服工业文明弊端,探索资源节约型、环境友好型发展道路的过程。西安生态文明建设已经成为西安可持续发展的当务之急,一项重大而紧迫的任务。地理信息系统(GIS)以其强大的空间数据处理分析和地图可视化功能受到了各级政府、管理部门的青睐,目前正广泛应用于土地利用、国土整治、城市规划、交通指挥、水利水电、测绘、环境保护等部门。本文以西安为实证,借助于ArcGIS强大的数据处理、图形编辑和空间分析功能对生态文明建设进行具有可操作性的理论应用研究,是对生态文明理论研究的一次升华,具有重大的理论研究价值和理论应用价值。
本文在西安市实地调查,收集整理资料的基础上,应用SWOT分析方法,从优势、劣势、机遇、威胁四个方面,对西安进行生态文明建设的现状进行了综合分析和评价；其次,运用AHP法和因子权重法,建立了生态文明建设评价四级指标体系的数学模型,应用基于遗传算法的MATLAB软件进行编程、计算,并以ArcGIS为技术手段,利用其丰富的图形编辑功能,方便的数据库管理系统和强大的空间数据分析处理功能,绘制出了西安市生态文明建设体系的各类专题地图,对西安生态文明建设进行了定量化评价,为西安市生态文明评价的信息化建设提供了基础和保障；最后,根据以上研究,本文提出了西安生态文明建设对策—政企学民“四位一体”理念模式和运行机制,并对其中的“四位”从微观、中观和宏观三个层面进行了适应性分析,从驱动机制、进行约束机制和导向机制三个方面对其运行机制进行了解析。
本文通过对西安市生态文明建设进行研究,得到以下主要结论：
(1)对西安市在2004、2006、2008年生态文明建设进行了评价,从整体上看,评价体系中各项指标均接近于标准值。可见西安市生态文明建设正朝着健康有序的方向发展。近三年来西安市的绿地覆盖率、城市空气质量、基础设施建设等都有了较大幅度的提高,虽然与标准值相比还存在较大差距,但差距逐渐缩小,西安生态文明建设取得了很大成绩,并逐步完善,日趋优化。
(2)本文研究建立了西安生态文明建设四级指标评价体系,西安生态文明建设政企学民“四位一体”理念模式与“活”的运行机制、特别是对评价体系建立数学模型,计算分析、定量评价,以前研究比较少见,对西安生态文明建设具有针对性和实践借鉴价值。
(3)本文采用SWOT分析法对西安生态文明建设现状进行基础分析,客观、全面、准确；应用AHP法建立西安生态文明建设评价体系,并应用基于遗传算法的MATLAB软件编程计算,计算方法先进,效率高,结果准确可靠。
(4)利用地理信息系统软件工具——ArcGIS强大的图形绘制和分析功能,对西安市区的生态文明建设状况作了专题地图绘制和分析,为西安市生态文明建设提供了直观的指导和GIS
专业分析功能,促进了西安市生态文明信息化建设。
Ecological civilization construction is different from traditional pollution control and ecological restoration, but to overcome the drawbacks of industrial civilization, explore the resource-saving and environment-friendly development path of the process. Xi'an ecological civilization has become a priority for sustainable development, an important and urgent task. GIS takes the fancy of the governments at different levels and administrations for its powerful processing function in space data. At present, GIS is being widely applied in land use, land improvement, city planning, traffic command, Water Resources and Hydropower, mapping, environmental protection. Take Xi'an for an example, with the powerful data processing, graphics editing, and spatial analysis of ArcGIS construction of ecological civilization workable theory for applied research, ecological theory and research is a distillation of great research value and theoretical value.
On the basis of fact-finding works, collection and classification, holding a mass of first-hand accurate information, used the SWOT analysis method, from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in four areas, ecological civilization construction of Xi'an conditions were the basis of analysis and evaluation. Then, the subject of using AHP method and the factor weight method, the establishment of an ecological civilization construction evaluation index system of mathematical models 4, application of genetic algorithm based on MATLAB software programming, computing, and GIS as the technical means to use its rich graphics editing, convenient and powerful database management systems analysis of spatial data processing, map out ecological civilization construction system of Xi'an various thematic maps on ecological civilization construction in Xi'an quantitative evaluation conducted for the evaluation of ecological civilization, Xi'an information technology provides the foundation and security. Finally, the issue raised the public school government and enterprises of ecological civilization "Four in One" concept model, ecological civilization construction in Xi'an, "four" in the adaptive analysis, and then from the drive mechanisms, constraints, mechanisms and guidance mechanisms the establishment of three ecological civilization construction of Xi'an "four in one" mode mechanism.
Based on the study in Xi'an of ecological civilization construction, comes to some conclusions which are as follows:
(1) Xi'an in 2004,2006,2008 construction of ecological civilization was evalua-ted on the whole, evaluation system, close to the standard value of the index, which shows that construction of ecological civilization is moving healthily and orderly in Xi'an. The green coverage, urban air quality,infrastructure construction have a more substantial increase in the last three years in Xi'an, although the standard values are still large gaps, but the gap is gradually narrowing, the construction of ecological civilization of Xi'an has a broad prospect.
(2) This study was established the evaluation system of ecological civilization construction in Xi'an, the construction of ecological civilization Xi'an government enterprise students people "four-in-one" concept model and "Live" operation mechanism. Especially the evaluation system of mathematical models, quantitative calculation, previous studies of relatively rare, while Xi'an targeted construction of ecological civilization and the practice of reference value.
(3) SWOT analysis method used in this issue of ecological civilization construction of Xi'an and basic analysis, objective, comprehensive, and accurate; application of AHP method to establish evaluation system of ecological civilization construction in Xi'an, and the application of genetic algorithm based on MATLAB software programming calculation, the calculation of advanced, high efficiency, accurate and reliable.
(4) Using the geographic information system software tools—ArcGIS mapping and analysis of the powerful graphics capabilities, on the ecological civilization construction of Xi'an made a special mapping and analysis, construction of ecological civilization, Xi'an offers intuitive guidance and GIS expert analysis, to promote the message of ecological civilization, Xi'an construction.
本文在西安市实地调查,收集整理资料的基础上,应用SWOT分析方法,从优势、劣势、机遇、威胁四个方面,对西安进行生态文明建设的现状进行了综合分析和评价；其次,运用AHP法和因子权重法,建立了生态文明建设评价四级指标体系的数学模型,应用基于遗传算法的MATLAB软件进行编程、计算,并以ArcGIS为技术手段,利用其丰富的图形编辑功能,方便的数据库管理系统和强大的空间数据分析处理功能,绘制出了西安市生态文明建设体系的各类专题地图,对西安生态文明建设进行了定量化评价,为西安市生态文明评价的信息化建设提供了基础和保障；最后,根据以上研究,本文提出了西安生态文明建设对策—政企学民“四位一体”理念模式和运行机制,并对其中的“四位”从微观、中观和宏观三个层面进行了适应性分析,从驱动机制、进行约束机制和导向机制三个方面对其运行机制进行了解析。
本文通过对西安市生态文明建设进行研究,得到以下主要结论：
(1)对西安市在2004、2006、2008年生态文明建设进行了评价,从整体上看,评价体系中各项指标均接近于标准值。可见西安市生态文明建设正朝着健康有序的方向发展。近三年来西安市的绿地覆盖率、城市空气质量、基础设施建设等都有了较大幅度的提高,虽然与标准值相比还存在较大差距,但差距逐渐缩小,西安生态文明建设取得了很大成绩,并逐步完善,日趋优化。
(2)本文研究建立了西安生态文明建设四级指标评价体系,西安生态文明建设政企学民“四位一体”理念模式与“活”的运行机制、特别是对评价体系建立数学模型,计算分析、定量评价,以前研究比较少见,对西安生态文明建设具有针对性和实践借鉴价值。
(3)本文采用SWOT分析法对西安生态文明建设现状进行基础分析,客观、全面、准确；应用AHP法建立西安生态文明建设评价体系,并应用基于遗传算法的MATLAB软件编程计算,计算方法先进,效率高,结果准确可靠。
(4)利用地理信息系统软件工具——ArcGIS强大的图形绘制和分析功能,对西安市区的生态文明建设状况作了专题地图绘制和分析,为西安市生态文明建设提供了直观的指导和GIS
专业分析功能,促进了西安市生态文明信息化建设。
Ecological civilization construction is different from traditional pollution control and ecological restoration, but to overcome the drawbacks of industrial civilization, explore the resource-saving and environment-friendly development path of the process. Xi'an ecological civilization has become a priority for sustainable development, an important and urgent task. GIS takes the fancy of the governments at different levels and administrations for its powerful processing function in space data. At present, GIS is being widely applied in land use, land improvement, city planning, traffic command, Water Resources and Hydropower, mapping, environmental protection. Take Xi'an for an example, with the powerful data processing, graphics editing, and spatial analysis of ArcGIS construction of ecological civilization workable theory for applied research, ecological theory and research is a distillation of great research value and theoretical value.
On the basis of fact-finding works, collection and classification, holding a mass of first-hand accurate information, used the SWOT analysis method, from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in four areas, ecological civilization construction of Xi'an conditions were the basis of analysis and evaluation. Then, the subject of using AHP method and the factor weight method, the establishment of an ecological civilization construction evaluation index system of mathematical models 4, application of genetic algorithm based on MATLAB software programming, computing, and GIS as the technical means to use its rich graphics editing, convenient and powerful database management systems analysis of spatial data processing, map out ecological civilization construction system of Xi'an various thematic maps on ecological civilization construction in Xi'an quantitative evaluation conducted for the evaluation of ecological civilization, Xi'an information technology provides the foundation and security. Finally, the issue raised the public school government and enterprises of ecological civilization "Four in One" concept model, ecological civilization construction in Xi'an, "four" in the adaptive analysis, and then from the drive mechanisms, constraints, mechanisms and guidance mechanisms the establishment of three ecological civilization construction of Xi'an "four in one" mode mechanism.
Based on the study in Xi'an of ecological civilization construction, comes to some conclusions which are as follows:
(1) Xi'an in 2004,2006,2008 construction of ecological civilization was evalua-ted on the whole, evaluation system, close to the standard value of the index, which shows that construction of ecological civilization is moving healthily and orderly in Xi'an. The green coverage, urban air quality,infrastructure construction have a more substantial increase in the last three years in Xi'an, although the standard values are still large gaps, but the gap is gradually narrowing, the construction of ecological civilization of Xi'an has a broad prospect.
(2) This study was established the evaluation system of ecological civilization construction in Xi'an, the construction of ecological civilization Xi'an government enterprise students people "four-in-one" concept model and "Live" operation mechanism. Especially the evaluation system of mathematical models, quantitative calculation, previous studies of relatively rare, while Xi'an targeted construction of ecological civilization and the practice of reference value.
(3) SWOT analysis method used in this issue of ecological civilization construction of Xi'an and basic analysis, objective, comprehensive, and accurate; application of AHP method to establish evaluation system of ecological civilization construction in Xi'an, and the application of genetic algorithm based on MATLAB software programming calculation, the calculation of advanced, high efficiency, accurate and reliable.
(4) Using the geographic information system software tools—ArcGIS mapping and analysis of the powerful graphics capabilities, on the ecological civilization construction of Xi'an made a special mapping and analysis, construction of ecological civilization, Xi'an offers intuitive guidance and GIS expert analysis, to promote the message of ecological civilization, Xi'an construction.
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