负重振动力量训练的神经肌肉适应特征及其机制研究
|
摘要
研究目的：
通过分析肌电图，探讨负重和振动刺激对大学生半蹲起下肢肌肉激活的影响；通过比较不同频率振动刺激对大学生半蹲起下肢肌肉激活的差异，找出引起最大肌肉激活的振动频率。制定具体振动训练方案，通过8周训练干预，观察其对大学生下肢肌肉最大力量、快速力量、H反射和T反射的影响并比较其差异，以此分析负重振动力量训练的神经肌肉适应特征并探讨其可能的机制。通过本研究丰富和完善负重振动训练的理论体系，并为普通人群和运动员振动力量训练方案的制定提供参考。
研究方法：
研究一：以10名男性大学生为研究对象。被试无负重在振动台上完成4组半蹲起，(1)不附加振动刺激；(2)附加频率为30Hz的振动刺激；(3)附加频率为40Hz的振动刺激；(4)附加频率为50Hz的振动刺激。然后以负重30%1RM负荷再完成4组相同控制条件的半蹲起。半蹲起过程中采用美国Noraxon公司的无线肌电遥测系统记录下肢8块肌肉肌电图。肌电的标准化采用肌电均方根值（EMGrms）除以肌肉最大等长收缩（MVC）时EMGrms再乘以100，表示为EMGrms(%MVC)。
研究二：以16名男性田径专修大学生为研究对象，随机分为常规力量训练组（常规组）和振动力量训练组（振动组）。常规组完成30%1RM负重半蹲起训练，振动组采用台湾期美公司振动训练仪附加振幅为2mm、频率50Hz的振动刺激，完成相同负重半蹲起训练。8周训练前后，采用瑞士Kistler测力台测试半蹲跳和原地纵跳，记录生物力学数据。采用美国Alpin keypoint.net肌电/诱发电位仪和美国Noraxon公司的肌电遥测系统，测试H反射、T反射等神经适应指标。
研究结果：
在半蹲起运动中，振动刺激和负重对下肢肌群EMGrms(%MVC)影响结果，经双因素方差分析，振动刺激对所测肌肉EMGrms（%MVC）均有显著影响(p<0.05)；负重对股直肌、股外侧肌、股内侧肌、腓肠肌EMGrms（%MVC）有非常显著影响(p<0.05)，但对股二头肌、半腱肌、胫骨前肌无显著影响(p>0.05)；振动刺激和负重对所测肌肉肌电的交互作用均不显著(p>0.05)。在负重30%1RM条件下，随着振动频率的增加，所测肌群EMGrms（%MVC）均呈增加趋势，多重比较结果显示：在50Hz振动刺激中各块肌肉肌电均与相同负重不附加振动刺激时肌电有显著差异。
8周力量训练前后，常规组和振动组组内半蹲跳蹬伸相对最大力量、相对快速力量指数、原地纵跳绝对腾空高度和弹性能利用率均提高，且实验前后存在显著性差异。两组间相对快速力量指数、原地纵跳绝对腾空高度和弹性能利用率增加值均有显著性差异。
8周力量训练前后，振动力量训练组，组内H反射潜伏期、Hmax/Mmax和T反射潜伏期减小且差异具有显著性；H反射突触前抑制（PSI）和T反射振幅升高且具有显著性。组间H反射潜伏期、Hmax/Mmax、 PSI有显著性差异。
研究结论与训练学意义：
1.在半蹲起运动中，附加振动刺激可以显著提高下肢肌肉激活；负重30%最大力量可以显著提高半蹲起主动肌激活，不能提高对抗肌激活；负重和振动刺激对所测肌肉激活的交互作用均不显著。
2.负重30%1RM半蹲起时，附加振幅为2mm、振动频率为50Hz的垂直振动刺激可以显著增加下肢主动肌和对抗肌激活。证明了在常规负重训练中附加振动刺激可以诱发激活更多的运动单位参与工作，并且有利于主动肌与对抗肌的协调发展，这为振动力量训练提供理论依据并为全身振动训练的频率选择提供参考。
3.8周附加振动刺激的负重30%1RM力量训练对快速力量的提高优于相同负重的常规力量训练，训练方案适合田径跑跳等下肢弹性屈伸动作占主导的运动项目运动员。
4.8周负重振动力量训练的神经肌肉适应表现为下肢快速力量的增加，同时伴随着α运动神经元和肌梭兴奋性的改变。负重振动力量训练的神经适应不仅出现在运动传导路上，而且也出现在相关的感受器上。
Purpose:
One purpose of this research was to examine if the addition ofwhole-body vibration and30%1RM external load would enhance increasesin muscle activity during dynamic squatting in8leg muscles and find thevibration frequency which activated maximal muscle activity. The otherpurpose was to study whether whole body vibration (WBV) combined withconventional resistance training (CRT) induce a higher increase inneuromuscular measures compared with CRT. The results enrich anddevelop the training’s theory system and provide reference for WBVtraining program.
Methods:
Ten healthy male performed a series of dynamic squats (unloaded withno WBV, unloaded with WBV, loaded with no WBV, and loaded withWBV). The load was set to30%of maximum force and WBV included30-,40-,50-Hz frequencies with2-mm amplitude. Muscle activity was recordedwith surface electromyography (EMG) on the rectus femoris (RF), vastusmedialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior(TA), semitendinosus (SEM), and gastrocnemius (GC) and is reported asEMGrms (root mean square) normalized to%maximal voluntary contraction(MVC).
Sixteen male college students who major in track and field wererandomized in two groups; squat only (S) and combination of WBV andsquat (S+V). They were participated in training programs three times aweek. S+V performed eight sets with ten repetitions with corresponding30%1RM loads on the vibrating platform (ZenPro TVR-5930, Taiwan,China), whereas S performed the same protocol without vibration. Thefrequency (50Hz) was chosen after the first studies. Squat jump (SJ),counter movement jump (CMJ), presynpatic inhibition (PSI), the T-reflexand H-reflex were measured before and after training. We analyzed thedifferences of neural adaptation and strength adaptation, applyingindependent-Samples t-test between groups and a paired t-test within eachgroup.
Results:
A two-factor ANOVA analysis of variance showed that vibrationstimulation had significant effect on EMGrms of all the muscles (P<0.05),and loads had significant effect on EMGrms of RF,VM,VL and GC (P<0.05).There was no significant interaction between vibration and load. Aftermultiple comparisons, it was found that exposure to WBV only50Hzsignificantly increased baseline muscle activity in all muscles.
Applying t test within each group revealed that relative maximumstretch force of SJ, CMJ height, relative speed strength index, thecontribution of the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) to jumpingperformance increased in WBV and CRT after training (P<0.05). H latency,Hmax/Mmax and T latency were significantly reduced, and PSI and Tamplitude were significantly increased only in S+V after training. T testshowed significant changes between groups after training in value-added ofCMJ height, relative speed strength index, the contribution of the SSC tojumping performance and H latency, Hmax/Mmax and PSI.
Conclusions:
It is suggested that WBV can increase the neuromuscular activity ofthe squat exercise in lower-extremity muscles. During dynamic squats,loads can increase the neuromuscular activity of agonistic muscle but cannot increase the neuromuscular activity of antagonist.
During30%1RM loaded dynamic squats, exposure to WBV (50Hz,2mm) increased the neuromuscular activity of agonist and antagonist inlower limbs. The results demonstrate that the WBV can improve thesynchronization of motor unit and coordinating development betweenagonist and antagonist in the loaded condition.
During30%1RM loaded dynamic squats, exposure to WBV is betterthan without WBV for increases in speed strength.
Neuromuscular adaptation induced by weight whole-body vibrationtraining confirms the occurrence of changes in mechanical properties andthe excitability of the motoneurons and muscle spindle. This proposalwould indicate that neuromuscular adaptation is not only limited to themotor pathway to the muscle, but also concerns its sensory part.
通过分析肌电图，探讨负重和振动刺激对大学生半蹲起下肢肌肉激活的影响；通过比较不同频率振动刺激对大学生半蹲起下肢肌肉激活的差异，找出引起最大肌肉激活的振动频率。制定具体振动训练方案，通过8周训练干预，观察其对大学生下肢肌肉最大力量、快速力量、H反射和T反射的影响并比较其差异，以此分析负重振动力量训练的神经肌肉适应特征并探讨其可能的机制。通过本研究丰富和完善负重振动训练的理论体系，并为普通人群和运动员振动力量训练方案的制定提供参考。
研究方法：
研究一：以10名男性大学生为研究对象。被试无负重在振动台上完成4组半蹲起，(1)不附加振动刺激；(2)附加频率为30Hz的振动刺激；(3)附加频率为40Hz的振动刺激；(4)附加频率为50Hz的振动刺激。然后以负重30%1RM负荷再完成4组相同控制条件的半蹲起。半蹲起过程中采用美国Noraxon公司的无线肌电遥测系统记录下肢8块肌肉肌电图。肌电的标准化采用肌电均方根值（EMGrms）除以肌肉最大等长收缩（MVC）时EMGrms再乘以100，表示为EMGrms(%MVC)。
研究二：以16名男性田径专修大学生为研究对象，随机分为常规力量训练组（常规组）和振动力量训练组（振动组）。常规组完成30%1RM负重半蹲起训练，振动组采用台湾期美公司振动训练仪附加振幅为2mm、频率50Hz的振动刺激，完成相同负重半蹲起训练。8周训练前后，采用瑞士Kistler测力台测试半蹲跳和原地纵跳，记录生物力学数据。采用美国Alpin keypoint.net肌电/诱发电位仪和美国Noraxon公司的肌电遥测系统，测试H反射、T反射等神经适应指标。
研究结果：
在半蹲起运动中，振动刺激和负重对下肢肌群EMGrms(%MVC)影响结果，经双因素方差分析，振动刺激对所测肌肉EMGrms（%MVC）均有显著影响(p<0.05)；负重对股直肌、股外侧肌、股内侧肌、腓肠肌EMGrms（%MVC）有非常显著影响(p<0.05)，但对股二头肌、半腱肌、胫骨前肌无显著影响(p>0.05)；振动刺激和负重对所测肌肉肌电的交互作用均不显著(p>0.05)。在负重30%1RM条件下，随着振动频率的增加，所测肌群EMGrms（%MVC）均呈增加趋势，多重比较结果显示：在50Hz振动刺激中各块肌肉肌电均与相同负重不附加振动刺激时肌电有显著差异。
8周力量训练前后，常规组和振动组组内半蹲跳蹬伸相对最大力量、相对快速力量指数、原地纵跳绝对腾空高度和弹性能利用率均提高，且实验前后存在显著性差异。两组间相对快速力量指数、原地纵跳绝对腾空高度和弹性能利用率增加值均有显著性差异。
8周力量训练前后，振动力量训练组，组内H反射潜伏期、Hmax/Mmax和T反射潜伏期减小且差异具有显著性；H反射突触前抑制（PSI）和T反射振幅升高且具有显著性。组间H反射潜伏期、Hmax/Mmax、 PSI有显著性差异。
研究结论与训练学意义：
1.在半蹲起运动中，附加振动刺激可以显著提高下肢肌肉激活；负重30%最大力量可以显著提高半蹲起主动肌激活，不能提高对抗肌激活；负重和振动刺激对所测肌肉激活的交互作用均不显著。
2.负重30%1RM半蹲起时，附加振幅为2mm、振动频率为50Hz的垂直振动刺激可以显著增加下肢主动肌和对抗肌激活。证明了在常规负重训练中附加振动刺激可以诱发激活更多的运动单位参与工作，并且有利于主动肌与对抗肌的协调发展，这为振动力量训练提供理论依据并为全身振动训练的频率选择提供参考。
3.8周附加振动刺激的负重30%1RM力量训练对快速力量的提高优于相同负重的常规力量训练，训练方案适合田径跑跳等下肢弹性屈伸动作占主导的运动项目运动员。
4.8周负重振动力量训练的神经肌肉适应表现为下肢快速力量的增加，同时伴随着α运动神经元和肌梭兴奋性的改变。负重振动力量训练的神经适应不仅出现在运动传导路上，而且也出现在相关的感受器上。
Purpose:
One purpose of this research was to examine if the addition ofwhole-body vibration and30%1RM external load would enhance increasesin muscle activity during dynamic squatting in8leg muscles and find thevibration frequency which activated maximal muscle activity. The otherpurpose was to study whether whole body vibration (WBV) combined withconventional resistance training (CRT) induce a higher increase inneuromuscular measures compared with CRT. The results enrich anddevelop the training’s theory system and provide reference for WBVtraining program.
Methods:
Ten healthy male performed a series of dynamic squats (unloaded withno WBV, unloaded with WBV, loaded with no WBV, and loaded withWBV). The load was set to30%of maximum force and WBV included30-,40-,50-Hz frequencies with2-mm amplitude. Muscle activity was recordedwith surface electromyography (EMG) on the rectus femoris (RF), vastusmedialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior(TA), semitendinosus (SEM), and gastrocnemius (GC) and is reported asEMGrms (root mean square) normalized to%maximal voluntary contraction(MVC).
Sixteen male college students who major in track and field wererandomized in two groups; squat only (S) and combination of WBV andsquat (S+V). They were participated in training programs three times aweek. S+V performed eight sets with ten repetitions with corresponding30%1RM loads on the vibrating platform (ZenPro TVR-5930, Taiwan,China), whereas S performed the same protocol without vibration. Thefrequency (50Hz) was chosen after the first studies. Squat jump (SJ),counter movement jump (CMJ), presynpatic inhibition (PSI), the T-reflexand H-reflex were measured before and after training. We analyzed thedifferences of neural adaptation and strength adaptation, applyingindependent-Samples t-test between groups and a paired t-test within eachgroup.
Results:
A two-factor ANOVA analysis of variance showed that vibrationstimulation had significant effect on EMGrms of all the muscles (P<0.05),and loads had significant effect on EMGrms of RF,VM,VL and GC (P<0.05).There was no significant interaction between vibration and load. Aftermultiple comparisons, it was found that exposure to WBV only50Hzsignificantly increased baseline muscle activity in all muscles.
Applying t test within each group revealed that relative maximumstretch force of SJ, CMJ height, relative speed strength index, thecontribution of the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) to jumpingperformance increased in WBV and CRT after training (P<0.05). H latency,Hmax/Mmax and T latency were significantly reduced, and PSI and Tamplitude were significantly increased only in S+V after training. T testshowed significant changes between groups after training in value-added ofCMJ height, relative speed strength index, the contribution of the SSC tojumping performance and H latency, Hmax/Mmax and PSI.
Conclusions:
It is suggested that WBV can increase the neuromuscular activity ofthe squat exercise in lower-extremity muscles. During dynamic squats,loads can increase the neuromuscular activity of agonistic muscle but cannot increase the neuromuscular activity of antagonist.
During30%1RM loaded dynamic squats, exposure to WBV (50Hz,2mm) increased the neuromuscular activity of agonist and antagonist inlower limbs. The results demonstrate that the WBV can improve thesynchronization of motor unit and coordinating development betweenagonist and antagonist in the loaded condition.
During30%1RM loaded dynamic squats, exposure to WBV is betterthan without WBV for increases in speed strength.
Neuromuscular adaptation induced by weight whole-body vibrationtraining confirms the occurrence of changes in mechanical properties andthe excitability of the motoneurons and muscle spindle. This proposalwould indicate that neuromuscular adaptation is not only limited to themotor pathway to the muscle, but also concerns its sensory part.
引文
[1]危小焰，彭春政。振动力量训练对肌肉力量的影响研究。体育科研，2004,25（4）：53
[2]周苏源，危小焰.基于振动力量训练的研究进展[J].首都体育学院学报,2008，20(5)：29-31.
[3]袁艳,吴贻刚.振动刺激在力量训练中的应用及其机制研究进展[M].第九届全国体育科学大会论文摘要汇编(3).上海：2011,391-392.
[4]曾纪荣,王兴泽.振动训练时发展肌肉力量效果影响的实验研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2007,30(10)：1439-1441.
[5]彭春政，危小焰，张晓韵.振动力量训练的机制和作用效果的研究进展[J].西安体育学院学报，2002，19(3)：45-48.
[6]RITTWEGER J. Vibration as an exercise modality: how it may work, andwhat its potential might be [J]. Eur J Appl Physiol，2010,108(5):877-904.
[7]周桂琴，尹军.国内外振动训练在训练学领域比较分析[J].武汉体育学院学报，2010，44(12)：67-73.
[8]CARDINALE M, LIM J. Electromyography activity of vastus lateralismuscle during whole-body vibrations of different frequencies [J]. J StrengthCond Res,2003,17(3)：621–624.
[9]曲峰.运动员表面肌电信号与分形[M].北京：北京体育大学出版社，2008：2-5.
[10]ABERCROMBY A F, AMONETTE W E, LAYNE C S. Variation inneuromuscular responses during acute whole-body vibration exercise [J].Med Sci Sports Exerc，2007,39(9):1642–1650.
[11]李玉章.不同振动模式中小腿肌肉的诱发激活特征比较研究[J].天津体育学院学报，2010,25(4):336-339.
[12]李玉章.不同形式振动训练中下肢肌群的神经肌肉激活特征[J].天津体育学院学报，2011,26(1):30-33.
[13]HAZELL T J, JAKOBI J M, KENNO K A. The effects of whole-bodyvibration on upper-and lower-body EMG during static and dynamiccontractions [J]. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab,2007,32(6):1156–1163.
[14]MARIN P J, BUNKER D, RHEA M R, et al. Neuromuscular activityduring whole-body vibration of different amplitudes and footwearconditions: Implications for prescription of vibratory stimulation[J]. JStrength Cond Res,2009,23(8)：2311–2316
[15]彭春政，危小焰.抗负荷力量训练中附加全身振动刺激对肌力训练效果的影响[J].上海体育学院学报，2003,27(1)：70-77
[16]李铁军，张林鸿.负重振动练习与超等长练习对下肢力量影响的比较研究[J].西安体育学院学报，2005,22(5)：61-63.
[17]Narici MV, Roi GS, Landoni L,et al. Changes in Force, Cross-Sectionalarea and neural activation during strength training and detraining of thehuman quadriceps[J].Eur J Appl Physiol,1989,59:310-319.
[18]赵丙军，司虎克.国外力量训练研究的时空分布特点与热点.上海体育学院学报，2012,36（5）：55-60
[19]Thomas Lapole， Chantal Pérot. Hoffmann reflex is increased after14days of daily repeated Achilles tendon vibration for the soleus but not forthe gastrocnemii muscles. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab，2012，37:14–20
[20]赵雪红，樊小力，宋新爱等.100Hz正弦波振动对制动大鼠比目鱼肌M波和H反射的影响[J].浙江大学学报(医学版),2011,40(5):545-549
[21]Zhao X, Fan X, Song X, Shi L. Daily muscle vibration amelioration ofneural impairments of the soleus muscle during2weeks of immobilization.J Electromyogr Kinesiol.2011Dec;21(6):1017-22.
[22]刘强，杨贵羽，陈婉菁等。太极拳结合复合式训练对外围神经反射活动的影响。医用生物力学，2011,26（4）：329-334
[23]王保成.竞技体育力量训练指导[M]．北京：北京体育大学出版社，2001：46
[24]万德光，万猛.现代力量训练[M]．北京：人民体育出版社，2003：4
[25]刘耀荣,不同收缩形式及负荷状态下骨骼肌快速用力特征[D].上海,上海体育学院,2006
[26]田石榴，刘宇，井兰香等.男子篮球运动员不同负荷负重蹲跳的力学特征和肌电图表现[J].中国运动医学杂志，2012，31（11）：967-972
[27]任满迎,潘磊,魏永旺.不同频率振动刺激力量训练对膝关节肌群肌力影响的实验研究[J].首都体育学院学报[J],2008,20(3):72-75.
[28]Owen, GJ. The influence of whole body vibration on knee extensorstiffness and functional performance. Master’s thesis, Auckland Universityof Technology, Auckland, New Zealand,2004.
[29]李晓浦.自激振动力量训练器的研制以及气动与振动加载力量训练在某些生物学力学指标上差别的探研[D].上海：上海体育学院，2007.
[30]李玉章。全身振动训练的理论与实践[M]。上海：第二军医大学出版社。2010：1，63
[31]彭春政，危小焰，张晓韵。振动力量训练的机制和作用效果的研究进展。西安体育学院学报，2002,19（3）：46
[32]BOSCO C, LACOVELLI M, TSARPELA O. Hormonal Responses toWhole-Body Vibration in Men[J]. European Journal of Applied Physiology,2000,81(6):449-454.
[33]ISSURIN V B,TENENBAUM G. Acute and Residual Effects ofVibratory Stimulation on Explosive Force in Elite and AmateurAthletes[J].Sports Sci,1999,17:177-182.
[34]WILCOCK IM, WHATMAN C, HARRIS N, et,al. Vibration training:could it enhance the strength, power, or speed of athletes? Journal ofStrength and conditioning Research.2009,23(2):593-603
[35]R NNESTAD BR. Acute effects of various whole body vibrationfrequencies on1RM in trained and untrained subjects. J Strength Cond Res.2009，23(7):2068-72.
[36]ROELANTS, M, VERSCHUEREN, SM, DELECLUSE, C, et,al.Whole-body-vibration-induced increase in leg muscle activity duringdifferent squat exercises. J Strength Cond Res,2006，20（1）:124–129,.
[37]BOSCO C, CARDINALE M, TSARPELA O, et, al. The Influence ofWhole Body Vibration on Jumping Performance [J]. Biol Sport,1998,15:157-64
[38]TORVINEN S, KANNU P, SIEVANEN H, et, al. Effect of a vibrationexposure on muscular performance and body balance. Randomizedcross-over study[J].Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging,2002,22(2):145-152
[39]DE RUITER CJ, VAN DER LINDEN RM, VAN DER ZIJDEN MJ, et, al.Short-term effects of whole-body vibration on maximal voluntary isometricknee extensor force and rate of force rise. Eur J Appl Physiol,200388(4-5):472-5.
[40]刘卉,凤翔云.不同频率振动训练对下肢爆发力和柔韧性的即时影响研究.体育科学。2010，（30）12:71
[41]BOSCO C, CARDINALE M, TSARPELA O. Influence of vibration onmechanical power and electromyogram activity in human arm flexormuscles. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol.1999,79(4):306-11
[42]BOSCO C, COLLI R, INTROINI E, et al. Adaptive responses of humanskeletal muscle to vibration exposure. Clin Physiol.1999Mar;19(2):183-7
[43]COCHRANE D J, STANNARD S R. Acute whole body vibrationtraining increases vertical jump and flexibility performance in elite femalefield hockey players. Br J Sports Med.2005Nov;39(11):860-5.
[44]RUSSO CR, LAURETANI F, BANDINELLI S, et, al. High-frequencyvibration training increases muscle power in postmenopausal women. ArchPhysMed Rehabil2003:84:1854–1857
[45]ROELANTS M, DELECLUSE C, GORIS M, et, al. Effects of24weeksof whole body vibration training on body composition and muscle strengthin untrained females [J]. Int J Sports Med，2004a，25:1–5.
[46]VERSCHUEREN SM, ROELANTS M, DELECLUSE C, et, al. Effect of6-month whole body vibration training on hip density, muscle strength, andpostural control in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled pilotstudy. J Bone Miner Res2004:19:352–359.
[47]BOGAERTS AC, DELECLUSE C, CLAESSENS AL, et, al. Effects ofwhole body vibration training on cardiorespiratory fitness and musclestrength in older individuals (a1-year randomised controlled trial). AgeAgeing.2009,38(4):448-54.
[48]TORVINEN S, KANNUS P, SIEVANEN H, Jarvinen TA, et, al. Effect offour-month vertical whole body vibration on performance and balance. MedSci Sports Exerc2002:34:1523–1528.
[49]TORVINEN S, KANNUS P, SIEVANEN H, et, al. Effect of8-monthvertical whole body vibration on bone, muscle performance, and bodybalance: a randomized controlled study. J BoneMiner Res,2003:18:876–884
[50]DELECLUSE C, ROELANTS M, VERSCHUEREN S. Strength increaseafter whole-body vibration compared with resistance training. Med SciSports Exerc2003,35:1033–1041.
[51]DE RUITER CJ, VAN RAAK SM, SCHILPEROORT JV, et al. Theeffects of11weeks whole body vibration training on jump height,contractile properties and activation of human knee extensors. Eur J ApplPhysiol,2003,90(5-6):595-600
[52]COCHRANE DJ, LEGG SJ, HOOKER MJ. The short-term Effect ofwhole-body vibration training on vertical jump, sprint, and agilityperformance. J Strength Cond Res,2004:18:828–832.
[53]CARSON RG, POPPLE AE, VERSCHUEREN SM, et, al. Superimposedvibration confers no additional benefit compared with resistance trainingalone. Scand J Med Sci Sports.2010,20(6):827-33.
[54]NAGANO A, KOMURA T, FUKASHIRO S, et, al. Force, work andpower output of lower limb muscles during human maximal-effortcountermovement jumping. J Electromyog Kinesiol2005,15:367–376.
[55]曾纪荣,王兴泽.振动训练时发展肌肉力量效果影响的实验研究[J]北京体育大学学报,2007,(10)
[56]刘振宇,韩海涛,周勇智等.振动刺激训练提高运动员下肢力量能力的实验研究[J].山东体育学院学报，2008,6
[57]宋佩成,谢陶，陈敏。振动力量训练对女子铅球运动员支撑腿膝关节屈伸肌肉力量影响的实验研究[J].山东体育学院学报，2009,25（4）：64
[58]樊家军,尹军，杜艳艳。振动力量训练对跨栏跑运动员髋关节肌力变化影响的实验研究[J]。首都体育学院学报,2010,22（1）：55
[59]邓京捷,李吉如.振动训练对小轮车运动员下肢肌群肌力影响的研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2010,30（3）：78
[60]ISSURIN, VB, LIEBERMANN, DG, AND TENENBAUM, G. Effect ofvibratory stimulation training on maximal force and flexibility. J Sports Sci12:561–566,1994.
[61]FAGNANI, F, GIOMBINI, A, DI CESARE, A, et, al. The effects of awhole-body vibration program on muscle performance and flexibility infemale athletes. Am J Phys Med Rehabil,2006,85:956–962,.
[62]GIORGOS PARADISIS, ELIAS ZACHAROGIANNIS. Effects of wholebody vibration training on sprint running kinematics and explosive strengthperformance[J]. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine,2007(6):44-49.
[63]DELECLUSE, C, ROELANTS, M, DIELS, R, et, al. Effects of wholebody vibration training on muscle strength and sprint performance insprint-trained athletes. Int J Sports Med2005,662–668
[64]邓树勋.运动生理学[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2005
[65]王步标，华明.运动生理学[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2006:213
[66]邓树勋，洪泰田，曹志发。运动生理学[M]。高等教育出版社。北京，1999
[67]ISSURIN.V.B. Vibration and their applications in sport[J]. J Sports MedPhys Fitness.2005,45:324-36
[68]FOX E L, HATTHEWS D K. The physiological Basis of PhysicalEducation and Athletics Philadelphia[J]. PA: Sau Nders College Publishers,1981(49):123-128
[69]彭春政，危小焰.振动刺激与肌肉力量[J].中国运动医学杂志，2004，23（6）：708-711
[70]JOHNSTON R, BISHOP B AND COFFEY. Mechanical vibration ofskeletal muscle[J]. Physical Therapy,1995，50:499-505.
[71]BY LG BONGIOVVAANI. Prolonged muscle vibration motor output inmaximal voluntary contractions in man[J]. Journal of Physiology,1990,423:15-26.
[72]BY PATRICLA ROMAIGUERE, JEAAN-PIERRE VEDEL. Differentialactivation of motor units in the wrist extensor muscles during tonicvibration reflex in man[J]. Journal of Physiology,1991,444:645-667.
[73]MARTIN B J, PARK H S. Analysis of the tonic vibration reflex:influence of vibration variables on motor unit synchronization and fatigue[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol,1997,75(6):504-511
[74]SAMUELSON B, JORFELDT L, AHLBORG B. Influence of vibrationon work performance during ergometer cycling[J]. Ups J Med Sci1989,94:73-9
[75]A.布茹克司.杨锡让等译,运动生理学,北京体育大学出版社,1998.
[76]HROYUKI NAKAMURA, TAKASHI MOROJI, HIROFUMI NAGASE.Change of cerebral vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and somatostatin likeimmunoreactivity induced by noise and whole-body vibration in the rat[J].European Jorunal Applied physiology,1994,68:62-67
[77]KOMI P V. Physiological and biomechanical correlates of musclefunction: effects of muscle structure and stretch-shortening cycle on forceand speed[J].Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews,1984,12:81-121
[78]Issurin V. Vibratory stimulation exercises: A new approach to strengthtraining for performance swimmers. In: Daniel K, Hoffman U. Klauk D,editors. Koelner Swimmsporttage1996-Symposiumsbericht[J]. SportFaneman Verlag, Bockenem,1996:50-3
[79]BOSCO C, CARDINALE M, COLLI R, et, al. The influence of wholebody vibration on jumping ability. Biol Sport1998,15:157-64
[80]许以诚,高炳宏,刘文海.振动与非振动练习时肌电图变化的比较研究[J].西安体育学院学报,2004,21(4):54-55.
[81]WIRTH B, ZURFLUH S, MüLLER R. Acute effects of whole-bodyvibration on trunk muscles in young healthy adults. J Electromyogr Kinesiol.2011,21(3):450-7.
[82]ECKHARDT H, WOLLNY R, MüLLER H. Friedmann-Bette B.Enhanced myofiber recruitment during exhaustive squatting performed aswhole-body vibration exercise. J Strength Cond Res.2011,25(4):1120-5.
[83]THUE KVORNING, MALENE BAGGER, PAOLO CASEROTTI, et, al.Effects of vibration and resistance training on neuromuscular and hormonalmeasures. Eur J Appl Physiol,2006,96:615–625
[84]史仍飞.振动训练对大鼠骨骼肌运动能力的影响及其机制探讨[D].上海：第二军医大学，2007
[85]魏安奎，危小焰，史仍飞.振动训练对大鼠骨骼肌最大力量和肌纤维形态结构的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志，2009，28（1）:83-84
[86]DI LORETO C, RANCHELLI A, LUCIDI P, et al. Effects of whole-bodyvibration exercise on the endocrine system of healthy men [J]. Journal ofEndocrinological Investigation,(2004).27(4):323-327.
[87]CARDINALE M, LEIPER J, ERSKINE J, et, al. The acute effects ofdifferent whole body vibration amplitudes on the endocrine system of younghealthy men: a preliminary study[J]. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging.2006,26(6):380-4.
[88]AAGAARD P. Training-induced changes in neural function[J]. ExercSports Sci Rev,2003,31:61-7
[89]Carroll TJ, Riek S, Carson RG. The sites of neural adaptation induced byresistance training in humans[J]. J Physiol2002;544:641-52
[90]DUCHATEAU J, ENOKA R. Neural adaptations with chronic activitypatterns in able-bodied humans[J]. Am J Phys Med Rehabil2002;81(11Suppl.): S17-27
[91]GRITIFFIN L，CAFARELLI E．Resistance training：cortical，spinal, andmotor unit adaptation． Can J Apply physiology2005；30(3)：328-340．
[92]AAGAARD P, SIMONSEN E B, ANDERSEN J L, et al. Increased Rateof Force Development and Neural Drive of Human Skeletal MuscleFollowing Resistance Training[J]. Journal of Applied Physiology,2002,93(4):1318-1326
[93]帕沃·科米.体育运动中的力量与快速力量[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1999
[94]HAKKINERN, K, Effect of explosive type strength training on isometricforce and relaxation-time, electromyographic and muscle fibrecharacteristecs of leg extensor muscles[J]， acta physiologica scandinabica,1985，125,587-600。
[95]GRIMBY, L. Firing rate and recruitment order of toe extensor motorunits in different modes of voluntary contraction[J]. Journal of physiology,1977，264,865-79
[96]SALE.D.G. Specificity in strength training a review for the coach andathlete.Canadian journal of applied sports science[J],1981，687-92
[97]MARSDEN.C.D PBESO, J.A. The function of antagonist muscle duringfast limb movement in man Journal of Physiology,1983，335,1-13
[98]FOLLAND J P,WILLIAMS A G. The Adaptations to StrengthTraining-Morphological and Neurological Contributions to IncreasedStrength [J].Sports Medicine,2007,37(2):145-168
[99]GUYTON AC.Textbook of medical physiology (7th Ed.)[M].Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders,1986:239-245
[100]Hakkinen K, Alen M, Komi P. Neuromuscular, anaerobic and aerobicperformance characteristics of elite power athletes [J]. European Journal ofApplied Physiology and Occupational Physiology,1984,53:97-105.
[101]Campos GE， Luecke TJ， Wendeln HK， et al. Muscular adaptations inresponse to three different resistance-training regimens： specificity ofrepetition maximum training zones[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol，2002，88（1-2）：50-60.
[102]曾凡星.间接判定运动员滥用人生长激素的指标的可行性研究，Ⅲ.1次训练课及1周训练对血清hGH和IGF-1浓度的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志，2000,19（2）：153-158
[103]KRAEMER WJ， AGUILERA BA， TERADA M， et, al. Responses ofIGF-1to endogenous increases in growth hormone after heavy-resistanceexercise[J]. J Appl Physiol,1995，79(4):1310-5.
[103]NINDLBC，KRAEMER WJ，MARX JO，et, al. Overnight responses ofthe circulating IGF-1system after acute， heavy-resistance exercise[J]. JAppl Physiol.2001，90:1319.
[104]ARTO PAKARINEN. Selective muscle hypertrophy, changes in EMGand force, and serum hormones during strength training in older women[J].Journal of applied physiology,2001,91(2):569-580
[105]S. ROJAS VEGA1, A. KNICKER1, W. HOLLMANN, et al. Effect ofresistance exercise on serum levels of growth factors in humans[J]. HormMetab Res,2010,42(13):982-986
[106]Hulmi J J, Ahtiainen J P, KaasalainenT, et al. Postexercise myostatinand activin IIb mRNA levels: effects of strength training [J]. Med Sci SportsExerc,2007,39(2):289-29
[107]Willoughby DS. Effects of heavy resistance training on myostatinmRNA and protein expression[J].Medicine and Science in Sports andExercise.2004，（36）：574–582.
[108]Walker K S, Kambadur R, Sharma M, et al. Resistance training altersplasma myostatin but not IGF-1in healthy men[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc,2004,36(5):787-793.
[109]STEPHEN M R, GREGORY F M, ROBERT E F, et al. Myostatin geneexpression is reduced in human with heavy-resistance strength training; abrief communention[J]. Experimental Biology and Medicine,2003,228(6)：706-709.
[110]张俊,樊东升,康德瑄,等.拇指展肌R1波的检测方法和正常值[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2000,22(5):300-302.
[111]PIERROT-DESEILLIGNY E, MAZEVET D. The monosynaptic reflex:a tool to investigate motor control in humans. Interest and limits[J].Neurophysiol Clin.2000.30(2):67-80.
[112]PALMIERI RM, INGERSOLL CD, HOFFMAN MA. The HoffmannReflex: Methodologic Considerations and Applications for Use in SportsMedicine and Athletic Training Research[J]. J Athl Train,2004.39(3):268-277.
[113]KUCHINAD RAI, T. D. GARLAND SJ. Modulation of motor unitdischarge rate and H-reflex amplitude during submaximal fatigue of thehuman soleus muscle[J]. Experimental Brain Research.2004.158(3):345-355.
[114]MELNYK MG, S. GOLLHOFER A. Differences in RegenerationBehavior of M. Gastrocnemius and M. Soleus-an Investigation usingPeripheral Nerve Stimulation[J]. Deutsche Zeitschrift Fur Sportmedizin.2009.60(1):7-11.
[115]PATIKAS DAB, H. KOTZAMANIDIS C. Changes in the reflexexcitability during and after a sustained, low-intensity musclecontraction[J]. International Journal of Sports Medicine.2006.27(2):124-130.
[116]AVELA JF, J. KOMI PV. Excitability of the soleus reflex arc duringintensive stretch-shortening cycle exercise in two power-trained athletegroups[J]. European Journal of Applied Physiology2006.97(4):486-493.
[117]KATO TT, Y. TSUJI TK, T. Further insights into post-exercise effectson H-reflexes and motor evoked potentials of the flexor carpi radialismuscles[J]. Motor Control.2003.7(1):82-99.
[118]SCAGLIONI G, FERRI A, MINETTI AE,et al. Plantar FlexorActivation Capacity And H Reflex In Older Adults: Adaptations To StrengthTraining[J]. Appl Physiol,2002,92:2292-2302
[119]CASABONA A, POLIZZI MC, PERCIAVALLE V. Differences inH-reflex between athletes trained for explosive contractions and nontrainedsubjects[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol,1990,61:26–32
[120]MAFFIULETTI NA, MARTIN A, BABAULT N, et al. Electrical andmechanical Hmax-Mmax ratio in power-and endurance-trained athletes[J].J Appl Physiol,2001,90:3-9
[121]周思红,刘宇.向心训练与离心训练对大鼠腓肠肌H反射的影响[J],中国体育科技，2012,48（2）：96-100
[122]VOIGT M, CHELLI F, FRIGO C. Changes in the excitability of soleusmuscle short latency stretch reflexes during human hopping after4weeks ofhopping training[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol，1998，78（6）:522–532
[123]Trimble MH, Koceja DM. Modulation of the triceps surae H-reflex withtraining[J]. Int J Neurosci.1994，76(3-4):293-303.
[124]吕荣，姜文凯，罗晶，蒋静华.间歇性低氧训练、疲劳和恢复对H反射参数影响初探[J].体育与科学，2010,31（3）：88-91
[125]HOLTERMANN A, ROELEVELD K, ENGSTROM M，et, al. EnhancedH-reflex with resistance training is related to increased rate of forcedevelopment[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol,2007,101:301-312
[126]CAPADAY C, STEIN RB. Difference in the amplitude of the humansoleus H reflex during walking and running. J Physiol,1987,392:513–522
[127]ARMSTRONG WJ, NESTLE HN, GRINNELL DC. The acute effect ofwhole-body vibration on the Hoffmann reflex. J Strength Cond Res.2008:22(2):471–476.
[128]SAYENKO DG, MASANI K, ALIZADEH-MEGHRAZI M, et, al.Acuteeffects of whole body vibration during passive standing on soleus H-reflexin subjects with and without spinal cord injury. Neurosci Lett[J].2010:482(1):66–70.
[129]R. RITZMANN, A. KRAMER, A. GOLLHOFER1. The effect of wholebody vibration on the H-reflex, the stretch reflex, and the short-latencyresponse during hopping[J]. Scand J Med Sci Sports2011doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01388.x（2011.9.13出）
[130]http://www.magtonic.com/cn/content_Details.asp?e1stID=4&ProID=2003&ProLevelID=3&ProLevelSerial=1014/1018/2003/
[131]FRANKLIN B A， WHALEY M H， HOWLEY E T, et al. ACSM’sGuidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription[M]. Philadelphia:Lippincott Williams&Wilkins,2000:82.
[132]KONRAD P. The ABC of EMG--A Practical Introduction toKinesiological Electromyography [M]. USA： Noraxon INC,2005:32.
[133]CARDINALE M, LIM J. Electromyography activity of vastus lateralismuscle during whole-body vibrations of different frequencies[J]. J StrengthCond Res,2003,17(3)：621–624.
[134]任满迎，赵焕彬，刘颖等.振动力量训练即时效应与结构性效应的研究进展[J].体育科学，2006,26(7)：63-66.
[135]MESTER J, SPITZENFEIL P, SCHWARZER J, et al. Biologicalreaction to vibration–implications for sport [J]. J Sci Med Sport，1999，2(3):211–226.
[136]刘北湘.振动波方向、频率对振动训练的影响[J].武汉体育学院学报，2011，45（6）：84-87.
[137]李玉章.全身振动训练的理论与实践[M].上海：第二军医大学出版社,2010,33.
[138]秦硒.测力台上SJ测试的基本方法及膝角变化对测试结果的影响[J].体育与科学，1998，19（3）：28-30
[139]王清.我国优秀运动员竞技能力状态诊断和监测系统的研究与建立[M].北京：人民体育出版社，2004:80
[140]单信海.纵跳高度腾空时间计算法的理论探讨与实验评价[J].中国临床康复，2004，8（24）：5103-5105.
[141]王爽.测力台在体育测试中的应用研究.电子设计工程[J]，2011,19（14）：54-56.
[142]秦硒.测力台上CMJ测试的动力学过程及主要力学指标计算[J].体育与科学，1997，18（5）：53-55
[143]井兰香.篮球运动员8周负重超等长训练后下肢及髋、膝、踝关节动力学和刚度变化[J]，中国运动医学杂志，2010,29（7）：417-420
[144]MICHAEL P， RIGGS JM， SHEPPARD. The relative importance ofstrength and power qualities to vertical jump height of elite beachvolleyball players during the counter-movement and squat jump[J]. J HumSport Exerc，2009，4（3）：221-236.
[145]VASSILIS G，ANDREAS Z，STEFANOS P，et al. The contribution ofstretch-shortening cycle and arm-swing to vertical jumping performance inchildren， adolescents， and adult basketball players[J]. Pediatr Exerc Sci，2008，20（4）：379-389.
[146]田石榴.负重超等长力量训练的神经肌肉适应机制[D].上海：上海体育学院，2009.
[147]李作汉，张平.神经肌肉疾病的临床与病理[M].北京：人民卫生出版社，2007:74
[148]曲峰，张美珍，尹彦等.测力台测试方法及分析指标的筛选[A].第12届全国运动生物力学学术交流论文集[C].太原：2008：75-76
[149]刘北湘.振动训练对肌肉弹性成分的影响[J].成都体育学院学报，2011,37（9）：55-59
[150]邱俊，张胜年，刘广奇.武术少年运动员下肢快速力量的测试评价及训练方法的探讨.中国体育科技，2008,44（1）：131-134
[151]张勃，王丽娜，周金利，白杰.组合力量训练对篮球运动员垂直跳跃能力的影响[J].河北体育学院学报，2008，22（5）：41-44
[152]王东阳.不同训练负荷对田径运动员快速力量影响的试验研究[D].西安：陕西师范大学，2007.
[153]周里，张念坤，杨春霞.减量训练对下肢伸肌CMJ动力学指标影响的实验研究[A].第七届全国体育科学大会论文摘要汇编（二）[C].北京：2004：531
[154]张念坤，周里.减量训练后CMJ动作形式蹬伸力量的动力学分析[J].西安体育学院学报，2012，29（5）：588-593
[155]ROELANTS M, DELECLUSE C, VERSCHUEREN SM.Whole-body-vibration training increases knee-extension strength and speedof movement in older women[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc2004b:52:901–908.
[156]RONNESTAD, BR. Comparing the performance-enhancing effects ofsquats on a vibration platform with conventional squats in recreationallyresistance-trained men[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2004,18(4),839–845
[157]FAGNANI, F, GIOMBINI, A, DI CESARE, A, et, al. The effects of awhole-body vibration program on muscle performance and flexibility infemale athletes[J]. Am J PhysMed Rehabil85:956–962,2006.
[158]NEWTON RU, ROGERS RA, VOLEK JS, et, al. Four weeks of optimalload ballistic resistance training at the end of season attenuates decliningjump performance of women volleyball players[J]. Journal of Strength andConditioning Research，2006，20:955-961.
[159]周越，张绍岩，周健等.不同专项运动员骨骼肌弹性能利用率的比较[J].体育科学，2001,21（4）:75-80.
[160]郑念军.田径、举重运动员下肢反应力量能力探析[J].山东体育学院学报，2005,21(3):1-5
[161]彭春政，危小焰．全身振动刺激对肌肉力量和力学性能影响的实验研究［J］．中国体育科技，2003，39(6):26-29．
[162]卢祖能，曾庆杏，李承晏，等.实用肌电图学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社，2000:5
[163]田石榴.负重超等长力量训练的神经肌肉适应机制研究[A].第九届全国生物力学学术会议论文摘要汇编：137-138
[164]KNAFLITZ M, MERLETTI R, DE LUCA CJ. Inference of motor unitrecruitment order in voluntary and electrically elicited contractions[J]. JAppl Physiol,1990,68(4):1657-67
[165]ALMEIDA-SILVEIRA MI, PéROT C, GOUBEL F. Neuromuscularadaptations in rats trained by muscle stretch-shortening[J]. Eur J ApplPhysiol,1996,72:261-266.
[166]ROSS A, LEVERITT M, STEPHAN R. Neural Influences On SprintRunning-Training Adaptation And Acute Responses[J]. Sports Med,2001,31(6):409-425.
[167]CARP JS， WOLPAW JR. Motoneuron plasticity underlying operantlyconditioned decrease in primate H-reflex[J]. J Neurophysiol，1994，72(1)：431-42.
[168]NIELSEN J, KAGAMIHARA Y. The regulation of presynapticinhibition during co-contraction of antagonistic muscles in man[J]. JPhysiol1993;464:575-93
[169]MARTIN BJ, ROLL JP, GAUTHIER GM. Inhibitory effects ofcombined agonist and antagonist muscle vibration on H-reflex in man[J].Aviat Space Environ Med.1986，57(7):681-7.
[170]Pérot C, Goubel F, Mora I. Quantification of T-and H-responses beforeand after a period of endurance training[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol,1991,63:368-375
[171]KOCEJA DM, KAMEN G. Conditioned patella tendon reflexes in sprintand endurance trained athletes[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc1988,20(2):172-7
[172]王步标，华明.运动生理学[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2006,：10
[2]周苏源，危小焰.基于振动力量训练的研究进展[J].首都体育学院学报,2008，20(5)：29-31.
[3]袁艳,吴贻刚.振动刺激在力量训练中的应用及其机制研究进展[M].第九届全国体育科学大会论文摘要汇编(3).上海：2011,391-392.
[4]曾纪荣,王兴泽.振动训练时发展肌肉力量效果影响的实验研究[J].北京体育大学学报,2007,30(10)：1439-1441.
[5]彭春政，危小焰，张晓韵.振动力量训练的机制和作用效果的研究进展[J].西安体育学院学报，2002，19(3)：45-48.
[6]RITTWEGER J. Vibration as an exercise modality: how it may work, andwhat its potential might be [J]. Eur J Appl Physiol，2010,108(5):877-904.
[7]周桂琴，尹军.国内外振动训练在训练学领域比较分析[J].武汉体育学院学报，2010，44(12)：67-73.
[8]CARDINALE M, LIM J. Electromyography activity of vastus lateralismuscle during whole-body vibrations of different frequencies [J]. J StrengthCond Res,2003,17(3)：621–624.
[9]曲峰.运动员表面肌电信号与分形[M].北京：北京体育大学出版社，2008：2-5.
[10]ABERCROMBY A F, AMONETTE W E, LAYNE C S. Variation inneuromuscular responses during acute whole-body vibration exercise [J].Med Sci Sports Exerc，2007,39(9):1642–1650.
[11]李玉章.不同振动模式中小腿肌肉的诱发激活特征比较研究[J].天津体育学院学报，2010,25(4):336-339.
[12]李玉章.不同形式振动训练中下肢肌群的神经肌肉激活特征[J].天津体育学院学报，2011,26(1):30-33.
[13]HAZELL T J, JAKOBI J M, KENNO K A. The effects of whole-bodyvibration on upper-and lower-body EMG during static and dynamiccontractions [J]. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab,2007,32(6):1156–1163.
[14]MARIN P J, BUNKER D, RHEA M R, et al. Neuromuscular activityduring whole-body vibration of different amplitudes and footwearconditions: Implications for prescription of vibratory stimulation[J]. JStrength Cond Res,2009,23(8)：2311–2316
[15]彭春政，危小焰.抗负荷力量训练中附加全身振动刺激对肌力训练效果的影响[J].上海体育学院学报，2003,27(1)：70-77
[16]李铁军，张林鸿.负重振动练习与超等长练习对下肢力量影响的比较研究[J].西安体育学院学报，2005,22(5)：61-63.
[17]Narici MV, Roi GS, Landoni L,et al. Changes in Force, Cross-Sectionalarea and neural activation during strength training and detraining of thehuman quadriceps[J].Eur J Appl Physiol,1989,59:310-319.
[18]赵丙军，司虎克.国外力量训练研究的时空分布特点与热点.上海体育学院学报，2012,36（5）：55-60
[19]Thomas Lapole， Chantal Pérot. Hoffmann reflex is increased after14days of daily repeated Achilles tendon vibration for the soleus but not forthe gastrocnemii muscles. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab，2012，37:14–20
[20]赵雪红，樊小力，宋新爱等.100Hz正弦波振动对制动大鼠比目鱼肌M波和H反射的影响[J].浙江大学学报(医学版),2011,40(5):545-549
[21]Zhao X, Fan X, Song X, Shi L. Daily muscle vibration amelioration ofneural impairments of the soleus muscle during2weeks of immobilization.J Electromyogr Kinesiol.2011Dec;21(6):1017-22.
[22]刘强，杨贵羽，陈婉菁等。太极拳结合复合式训练对外围神经反射活动的影响。医用生物力学，2011,26（4）：329-334
[23]王保成.竞技体育力量训练指导[M]．北京：北京体育大学出版社，2001：46
[24]万德光，万猛.现代力量训练[M]．北京：人民体育出版社，2003：4
[25]刘耀荣,不同收缩形式及负荷状态下骨骼肌快速用力特征[D].上海,上海体育学院,2006
[26]田石榴，刘宇，井兰香等.男子篮球运动员不同负荷负重蹲跳的力学特征和肌电图表现[J].中国运动医学杂志，2012，31（11）：967-972
[27]任满迎,潘磊,魏永旺.不同频率振动刺激力量训练对膝关节肌群肌力影响的实验研究[J].首都体育学院学报[J],2008,20(3):72-75.
[28]Owen, GJ. The influence of whole body vibration on knee extensorstiffness and functional performance. Master’s thesis, Auckland Universityof Technology, Auckland, New Zealand,2004.
[29]李晓浦.自激振动力量训练器的研制以及气动与振动加载力量训练在某些生物学力学指标上差别的探研[D].上海：上海体育学院，2007.
[30]李玉章。全身振动训练的理论与实践[M]。上海：第二军医大学出版社。2010：1，63
[31]彭春政，危小焰，张晓韵。振动力量训练的机制和作用效果的研究进展。西安体育学院学报，2002,19（3）：46
[32]BOSCO C, LACOVELLI M, TSARPELA O. Hormonal Responses toWhole-Body Vibration in Men[J]. European Journal of Applied Physiology,2000,81(6):449-454.
[33]ISSURIN V B,TENENBAUM G. Acute and Residual Effects ofVibratory Stimulation on Explosive Force in Elite and AmateurAthletes[J].Sports Sci,1999,17:177-182.
[34]WILCOCK IM, WHATMAN C, HARRIS N, et,al. Vibration training:could it enhance the strength, power, or speed of athletes? Journal ofStrength and conditioning Research.2009,23(2):593-603
[35]R NNESTAD BR. Acute effects of various whole body vibrationfrequencies on1RM in trained and untrained subjects. J Strength Cond Res.2009，23(7):2068-72.
[36]ROELANTS, M, VERSCHUEREN, SM, DELECLUSE, C, et,al.Whole-body-vibration-induced increase in leg muscle activity duringdifferent squat exercises. J Strength Cond Res,2006，20（1）:124–129,.
[37]BOSCO C, CARDINALE M, TSARPELA O, et, al. The Influence ofWhole Body Vibration on Jumping Performance [J]. Biol Sport,1998,15:157-64
[38]TORVINEN S, KANNU P, SIEVANEN H, et, al. Effect of a vibrationexposure on muscular performance and body balance. Randomizedcross-over study[J].Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging,2002,22(2):145-152
[39]DE RUITER CJ, VAN DER LINDEN RM, VAN DER ZIJDEN MJ, et, al.Short-term effects of whole-body vibration on maximal voluntary isometricknee extensor force and rate of force rise. Eur J Appl Physiol,200388(4-5):472-5.
[40]刘卉,凤翔云.不同频率振动训练对下肢爆发力和柔韧性的即时影响研究.体育科学。2010，（30）12:71
[41]BOSCO C, CARDINALE M, TSARPELA O. Influence of vibration onmechanical power and electromyogram activity in human arm flexormuscles. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol.1999,79(4):306-11
[42]BOSCO C, COLLI R, INTROINI E, et al. Adaptive responses of humanskeletal muscle to vibration exposure. Clin Physiol.1999Mar;19(2):183-7
[43]COCHRANE D J, STANNARD S R. Acute whole body vibrationtraining increases vertical jump and flexibility performance in elite femalefield hockey players. Br J Sports Med.2005Nov;39(11):860-5.
[44]RUSSO CR, LAURETANI F, BANDINELLI S, et, al. High-frequencyvibration training increases muscle power in postmenopausal women. ArchPhysMed Rehabil2003:84:1854–1857
[45]ROELANTS M, DELECLUSE C, GORIS M, et, al. Effects of24weeksof whole body vibration training on body composition and muscle strengthin untrained females [J]. Int J Sports Med，2004a，25:1–5.
[46]VERSCHUEREN SM, ROELANTS M, DELECLUSE C, et, al. Effect of6-month whole body vibration training on hip density, muscle strength, andpostural control in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled pilotstudy. J Bone Miner Res2004:19:352–359.
[47]BOGAERTS AC, DELECLUSE C, CLAESSENS AL, et, al. Effects ofwhole body vibration training on cardiorespiratory fitness and musclestrength in older individuals (a1-year randomised controlled trial). AgeAgeing.2009,38(4):448-54.
[48]TORVINEN S, KANNUS P, SIEVANEN H, Jarvinen TA, et, al. Effect offour-month vertical whole body vibration on performance and balance. MedSci Sports Exerc2002:34:1523–1528.
[49]TORVINEN S, KANNUS P, SIEVANEN H, et, al. Effect of8-monthvertical whole body vibration on bone, muscle performance, and bodybalance: a randomized controlled study. J BoneMiner Res,2003:18:876–884
[50]DELECLUSE C, ROELANTS M, VERSCHUEREN S. Strength increaseafter whole-body vibration compared with resistance training. Med SciSports Exerc2003,35:1033–1041.
[51]DE RUITER CJ, VAN RAAK SM, SCHILPEROORT JV, et al. Theeffects of11weeks whole body vibration training on jump height,contractile properties and activation of human knee extensors. Eur J ApplPhysiol,2003,90(5-6):595-600
[52]COCHRANE DJ, LEGG SJ, HOOKER MJ. The short-term Effect ofwhole-body vibration training on vertical jump, sprint, and agilityperformance. J Strength Cond Res,2004:18:828–832.
[53]CARSON RG, POPPLE AE, VERSCHUEREN SM, et, al. Superimposedvibration confers no additional benefit compared with resistance trainingalone. Scand J Med Sci Sports.2010,20(6):827-33.
[54]NAGANO A, KOMURA T, FUKASHIRO S, et, al. Force, work andpower output of lower limb muscles during human maximal-effortcountermovement jumping. J Electromyog Kinesiol2005,15:367–376.
[55]曾纪荣,王兴泽.振动训练时发展肌肉力量效果影响的实验研究[J]北京体育大学学报,2007,(10)
[56]刘振宇,韩海涛,周勇智等.振动刺激训练提高运动员下肢力量能力的实验研究[J].山东体育学院学报，2008,6
[57]宋佩成,谢陶，陈敏。振动力量训练对女子铅球运动员支撑腿膝关节屈伸肌肉力量影响的实验研究[J].山东体育学院学报，2009,25（4）：64
[58]樊家军,尹军，杜艳艳。振动力量训练对跨栏跑运动员髋关节肌力变化影响的实验研究[J]。首都体育学院学报,2010,22（1）：55
[59]邓京捷,李吉如.振动训练对小轮车运动员下肢肌群肌力影响的研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2010,30（3）：78
[60]ISSURIN, VB, LIEBERMANN, DG, AND TENENBAUM, G. Effect ofvibratory stimulation training on maximal force and flexibility. J Sports Sci12:561–566,1994.
[61]FAGNANI, F, GIOMBINI, A, DI CESARE, A, et, al. The effects of awhole-body vibration program on muscle performance and flexibility infemale athletes. Am J Phys Med Rehabil,2006,85:956–962,.
[62]GIORGOS PARADISIS, ELIAS ZACHAROGIANNIS. Effects of wholebody vibration training on sprint running kinematics and explosive strengthperformance[J]. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine,2007(6):44-49.
[63]DELECLUSE, C, ROELANTS, M, DIELS, R, et, al. Effects of wholebody vibration training on muscle strength and sprint performance insprint-trained athletes. Int J Sports Med2005,662–668
[64]邓树勋.运动生理学[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2005
[65]王步标，华明.运动生理学[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2006:213
[66]邓树勋，洪泰田，曹志发。运动生理学[M]。高等教育出版社。北京，1999
[67]ISSURIN.V.B. Vibration and their applications in sport[J]. J Sports MedPhys Fitness.2005,45:324-36
[68]FOX E L, HATTHEWS D K. The physiological Basis of PhysicalEducation and Athletics Philadelphia[J]. PA: Sau Nders College Publishers,1981(49):123-128
[69]彭春政，危小焰.振动刺激与肌肉力量[J].中国运动医学杂志，2004，23（6）：708-711
[70]JOHNSTON R, BISHOP B AND COFFEY. Mechanical vibration ofskeletal muscle[J]. Physical Therapy,1995，50:499-505.
[71]BY LG BONGIOVVAANI. Prolonged muscle vibration motor output inmaximal voluntary contractions in man[J]. Journal of Physiology,1990,423:15-26.
[72]BY PATRICLA ROMAIGUERE, JEAAN-PIERRE VEDEL. Differentialactivation of motor units in the wrist extensor muscles during tonicvibration reflex in man[J]. Journal of Physiology,1991,444:645-667.
[73]MARTIN B J, PARK H S. Analysis of the tonic vibration reflex:influence of vibration variables on motor unit synchronization and fatigue[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol,1997,75(6):504-511
[74]SAMUELSON B, JORFELDT L, AHLBORG B. Influence of vibrationon work performance during ergometer cycling[J]. Ups J Med Sci1989,94:73-9
[75]A.布茹克司.杨锡让等译,运动生理学,北京体育大学出版社,1998.
[76]HROYUKI NAKAMURA, TAKASHI MOROJI, HIROFUMI NAGASE.Change of cerebral vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and somatostatin likeimmunoreactivity induced by noise and whole-body vibration in the rat[J].European Jorunal Applied physiology,1994,68:62-67
[77]KOMI P V. Physiological and biomechanical correlates of musclefunction: effects of muscle structure and stretch-shortening cycle on forceand speed[J].Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews,1984,12:81-121
[78]Issurin V. Vibratory stimulation exercises: A new approach to strengthtraining for performance swimmers. In: Daniel K, Hoffman U. Klauk D,editors. Koelner Swimmsporttage1996-Symposiumsbericht[J]. SportFaneman Verlag, Bockenem,1996:50-3
[79]BOSCO C, CARDINALE M, COLLI R, et, al. The influence of wholebody vibration on jumping ability. Biol Sport1998,15:157-64
[80]许以诚,高炳宏,刘文海.振动与非振动练习时肌电图变化的比较研究[J].西安体育学院学报,2004,21(4):54-55.
[81]WIRTH B, ZURFLUH S, MüLLER R. Acute effects of whole-bodyvibration on trunk muscles in young healthy adults. J Electromyogr Kinesiol.2011,21(3):450-7.
[82]ECKHARDT H, WOLLNY R, MüLLER H. Friedmann-Bette B.Enhanced myofiber recruitment during exhaustive squatting performed aswhole-body vibration exercise. J Strength Cond Res.2011,25(4):1120-5.
[83]THUE KVORNING, MALENE BAGGER, PAOLO CASEROTTI, et, al.Effects of vibration and resistance training on neuromuscular and hormonalmeasures. Eur J Appl Physiol,2006,96:615–625
[84]史仍飞.振动训练对大鼠骨骼肌运动能力的影响及其机制探讨[D].上海：第二军医大学，2007
[85]魏安奎，危小焰，史仍飞.振动训练对大鼠骨骼肌最大力量和肌纤维形态结构的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志，2009，28（1）:83-84
[86]DI LORETO C, RANCHELLI A, LUCIDI P, et al. Effects of whole-bodyvibration exercise on the endocrine system of healthy men [J]. Journal ofEndocrinological Investigation,(2004).27(4):323-327.
[87]CARDINALE M, LEIPER J, ERSKINE J, et, al. The acute effects ofdifferent whole body vibration amplitudes on the endocrine system of younghealthy men: a preliminary study[J]. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging.2006,26(6):380-4.
[88]AAGAARD P. Training-induced changes in neural function[J]. ExercSports Sci Rev,2003,31:61-7
[89]Carroll TJ, Riek S, Carson RG. The sites of neural adaptation induced byresistance training in humans[J]. J Physiol2002;544:641-52
[90]DUCHATEAU J, ENOKA R. Neural adaptations with chronic activitypatterns in able-bodied humans[J]. Am J Phys Med Rehabil2002;81(11Suppl.): S17-27
[91]GRITIFFIN L，CAFARELLI E．Resistance training：cortical，spinal, andmotor unit adaptation． Can J Apply physiology2005；30(3)：328-340．
[92]AAGAARD P, SIMONSEN E B, ANDERSEN J L, et al. Increased Rateof Force Development and Neural Drive of Human Skeletal MuscleFollowing Resistance Training[J]. Journal of Applied Physiology,2002,93(4):1318-1326
[93]帕沃·科米.体育运动中的力量与快速力量[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1999
[94]HAKKINERN, K, Effect of explosive type strength training on isometricforce and relaxation-time, electromyographic and muscle fibrecharacteristecs of leg extensor muscles[J]， acta physiologica scandinabica,1985，125,587-600。
[95]GRIMBY, L. Firing rate and recruitment order of toe extensor motorunits in different modes of voluntary contraction[J]. Journal of physiology,1977，264,865-79
[96]SALE.D.G. Specificity in strength training a review for the coach andathlete.Canadian journal of applied sports science[J],1981，687-92
[97]MARSDEN.C.D PBESO, J.A. The function of antagonist muscle duringfast limb movement in man Journal of Physiology,1983，335,1-13
[98]FOLLAND J P,WILLIAMS A G. The Adaptations to StrengthTraining-Morphological and Neurological Contributions to IncreasedStrength [J].Sports Medicine,2007,37(2):145-168
[99]GUYTON AC.Textbook of medical physiology (7th Ed.)[M].Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders,1986:239-245
[100]Hakkinen K, Alen M, Komi P. Neuromuscular, anaerobic and aerobicperformance characteristics of elite power athletes [J]. European Journal ofApplied Physiology and Occupational Physiology,1984,53:97-105.
[101]Campos GE， Luecke TJ， Wendeln HK， et al. Muscular adaptations inresponse to three different resistance-training regimens： specificity ofrepetition maximum training zones[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol，2002，88（1-2）：50-60.
[102]曾凡星.间接判定运动员滥用人生长激素的指标的可行性研究，Ⅲ.1次训练课及1周训练对血清hGH和IGF-1浓度的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志，2000,19（2）：153-158
[103]KRAEMER WJ， AGUILERA BA， TERADA M， et, al. Responses ofIGF-1to endogenous increases in growth hormone after heavy-resistanceexercise[J]. J Appl Physiol,1995，79(4):1310-5.
[103]NINDLBC，KRAEMER WJ，MARX JO，et, al. Overnight responses ofthe circulating IGF-1system after acute， heavy-resistance exercise[J]. JAppl Physiol.2001，90:1319.
[104]ARTO PAKARINEN. Selective muscle hypertrophy, changes in EMGand force, and serum hormones during strength training in older women[J].Journal of applied physiology,2001,91(2):569-580
[105]S. ROJAS VEGA1, A. KNICKER1, W. HOLLMANN, et al. Effect ofresistance exercise on serum levels of growth factors in humans[J]. HormMetab Res,2010,42(13):982-986
[106]Hulmi J J, Ahtiainen J P, KaasalainenT, et al. Postexercise myostatinand activin IIb mRNA levels: effects of strength training [J]. Med Sci SportsExerc,2007,39(2):289-29
[107]Willoughby DS. Effects of heavy resistance training on myostatinmRNA and protein expression[J].Medicine and Science in Sports andExercise.2004，（36）：574–582.
[108]Walker K S, Kambadur R, Sharma M, et al. Resistance training altersplasma myostatin but not IGF-1in healthy men[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc,2004,36(5):787-793.
[109]STEPHEN M R, GREGORY F M, ROBERT E F, et al. Myostatin geneexpression is reduced in human with heavy-resistance strength training; abrief communention[J]. Experimental Biology and Medicine,2003,228(6)：706-709.
[110]张俊,樊东升,康德瑄,等.拇指展肌R1波的检测方法和正常值[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2000,22(5):300-302.
[111]PIERROT-DESEILLIGNY E, MAZEVET D. The monosynaptic reflex:a tool to investigate motor control in humans. Interest and limits[J].Neurophysiol Clin.2000.30(2):67-80.
[112]PALMIERI RM, INGERSOLL CD, HOFFMAN MA. The HoffmannReflex: Methodologic Considerations and Applications for Use in SportsMedicine and Athletic Training Research[J]. J Athl Train,2004.39(3):268-277.
[113]KUCHINAD RAI, T. D. GARLAND SJ. Modulation of motor unitdischarge rate and H-reflex amplitude during submaximal fatigue of thehuman soleus muscle[J]. Experimental Brain Research.2004.158(3):345-355.
[114]MELNYK MG, S. GOLLHOFER A. Differences in RegenerationBehavior of M. Gastrocnemius and M. Soleus-an Investigation usingPeripheral Nerve Stimulation[J]. Deutsche Zeitschrift Fur Sportmedizin.2009.60(1):7-11.
[115]PATIKAS DAB, H. KOTZAMANIDIS C. Changes in the reflexexcitability during and after a sustained, low-intensity musclecontraction[J]. International Journal of Sports Medicine.2006.27(2):124-130.
[116]AVELA JF, J. KOMI PV. Excitability of the soleus reflex arc duringintensive stretch-shortening cycle exercise in two power-trained athletegroups[J]. European Journal of Applied Physiology2006.97(4):486-493.
[117]KATO TT, Y. TSUJI TK, T. Further insights into post-exercise effectson H-reflexes and motor evoked potentials of the flexor carpi radialismuscles[J]. Motor Control.2003.7(1):82-99.
[118]SCAGLIONI G, FERRI A, MINETTI AE,et al. Plantar FlexorActivation Capacity And H Reflex In Older Adults: Adaptations To StrengthTraining[J]. Appl Physiol,2002,92:2292-2302
[119]CASABONA A, POLIZZI MC, PERCIAVALLE V. Differences inH-reflex between athletes trained for explosive contractions and nontrainedsubjects[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol,1990,61:26–32
[120]MAFFIULETTI NA, MARTIN A, BABAULT N, et al. Electrical andmechanical Hmax-Mmax ratio in power-and endurance-trained athletes[J].J Appl Physiol,2001,90:3-9
[121]周思红,刘宇.向心训练与离心训练对大鼠腓肠肌H反射的影响[J],中国体育科技，2012,48（2）：96-100
[122]VOIGT M, CHELLI F, FRIGO C. Changes in the excitability of soleusmuscle short latency stretch reflexes during human hopping after4weeks ofhopping training[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol，1998，78（6）:522–532
[123]Trimble MH, Koceja DM. Modulation of the triceps surae H-reflex withtraining[J]. Int J Neurosci.1994，76(3-4):293-303.
[124]吕荣，姜文凯，罗晶，蒋静华.间歇性低氧训练、疲劳和恢复对H反射参数影响初探[J].体育与科学，2010,31（3）：88-91
[125]HOLTERMANN A, ROELEVELD K, ENGSTROM M，et, al. EnhancedH-reflex with resistance training is related to increased rate of forcedevelopment[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol,2007,101:301-312
[126]CAPADAY C, STEIN RB. Difference in the amplitude of the humansoleus H reflex during walking and running. J Physiol,1987,392:513–522
[127]ARMSTRONG WJ, NESTLE HN, GRINNELL DC. The acute effect ofwhole-body vibration on the Hoffmann reflex. J Strength Cond Res.2008:22(2):471–476.
[128]SAYENKO DG, MASANI K, ALIZADEH-MEGHRAZI M, et, al.Acuteeffects of whole body vibration during passive standing on soleus H-reflexin subjects with and without spinal cord injury. Neurosci Lett[J].2010:482(1):66–70.
[129]R. RITZMANN, A. KRAMER, A. GOLLHOFER1. The effect of wholebody vibration on the H-reflex, the stretch reflex, and the short-latencyresponse during hopping[J]. Scand J Med Sci Sports2011doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01388.x（2011.9.13出）
[130]http://www.magtonic.com/cn/content_Details.asp?e1stID=4&ProID=2003&ProLevelID=3&ProLevelSerial=1014/1018/2003/
[131]FRANKLIN B A， WHALEY M H， HOWLEY E T, et al. ACSM’sGuidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription[M]. Philadelphia:Lippincott Williams&Wilkins,2000:82.
[132]KONRAD P. The ABC of EMG--A Practical Introduction toKinesiological Electromyography [M]. USA： Noraxon INC,2005:32.
[133]CARDINALE M, LIM J. Electromyography activity of vastus lateralismuscle during whole-body vibrations of different frequencies[J]. J StrengthCond Res,2003,17(3)：621–624.
[134]任满迎，赵焕彬，刘颖等.振动力量训练即时效应与结构性效应的研究进展[J].体育科学，2006,26(7)：63-66.
[135]MESTER J, SPITZENFEIL P, SCHWARZER J, et al. Biologicalreaction to vibration–implications for sport [J]. J Sci Med Sport，1999，2(3):211–226.
[136]刘北湘.振动波方向、频率对振动训练的影响[J].武汉体育学院学报，2011，45（6）：84-87.
[137]李玉章.全身振动训练的理论与实践[M].上海：第二军医大学出版社,2010,33.
[138]秦硒.测力台上SJ测试的基本方法及膝角变化对测试结果的影响[J].体育与科学，1998，19（3）：28-30
[139]王清.我国优秀运动员竞技能力状态诊断和监测系统的研究与建立[M].北京：人民体育出版社，2004:80
[140]单信海.纵跳高度腾空时间计算法的理论探讨与实验评价[J].中国临床康复，2004，8（24）：5103-5105.
[141]王爽.测力台在体育测试中的应用研究.电子设计工程[J]，2011,19（14）：54-56.
[142]秦硒.测力台上CMJ测试的动力学过程及主要力学指标计算[J].体育与科学，1997，18（5）：53-55
[143]井兰香.篮球运动员8周负重超等长训练后下肢及髋、膝、踝关节动力学和刚度变化[J]，中国运动医学杂志，2010,29（7）：417-420
[144]MICHAEL P， RIGGS JM， SHEPPARD. The relative importance ofstrength and power qualities to vertical jump height of elite beachvolleyball players during the counter-movement and squat jump[J]. J HumSport Exerc，2009，4（3）：221-236.
[145]VASSILIS G，ANDREAS Z，STEFANOS P，et al. The contribution ofstretch-shortening cycle and arm-swing to vertical jumping performance inchildren， adolescents， and adult basketball players[J]. Pediatr Exerc Sci，2008，20（4）：379-389.
[146]田石榴.负重超等长力量训练的神经肌肉适应机制[D].上海：上海体育学院，2009.
[147]李作汉，张平.神经肌肉疾病的临床与病理[M].北京：人民卫生出版社，2007:74
[148]曲峰，张美珍，尹彦等.测力台测试方法及分析指标的筛选[A].第12届全国运动生物力学学术交流论文集[C].太原：2008：75-76
[149]刘北湘.振动训练对肌肉弹性成分的影响[J].成都体育学院学报，2011,37（9）：55-59
[150]邱俊，张胜年，刘广奇.武术少年运动员下肢快速力量的测试评价及训练方法的探讨.中国体育科技，2008,44（1）：131-134
[151]张勃，王丽娜，周金利，白杰.组合力量训练对篮球运动员垂直跳跃能力的影响[J].河北体育学院学报，2008，22（5）：41-44
[152]王东阳.不同训练负荷对田径运动员快速力量影响的试验研究[D].西安：陕西师范大学，2007.
[153]周里，张念坤，杨春霞.减量训练对下肢伸肌CMJ动力学指标影响的实验研究[A].第七届全国体育科学大会论文摘要汇编（二）[C].北京：2004：531
[154]张念坤，周里.减量训练后CMJ动作形式蹬伸力量的动力学分析[J].西安体育学院学报，2012，29（5）：588-593
[155]ROELANTS M, DELECLUSE C, VERSCHUEREN SM.Whole-body-vibration training increases knee-extension strength and speedof movement in older women[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc2004b:52:901–908.
[156]RONNESTAD, BR. Comparing the performance-enhancing effects ofsquats on a vibration platform with conventional squats in recreationallyresistance-trained men[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2004,18(4),839–845
[157]FAGNANI, F, GIOMBINI, A, DI CESARE, A, et, al. The effects of awhole-body vibration program on muscle performance and flexibility infemale athletes[J]. Am J PhysMed Rehabil85:956–962,2006.
[158]NEWTON RU, ROGERS RA, VOLEK JS, et, al. Four weeks of optimalload ballistic resistance training at the end of season attenuates decliningjump performance of women volleyball players[J]. Journal of Strength andConditioning Research，2006，20:955-961.
[159]周越，张绍岩，周健等.不同专项运动员骨骼肌弹性能利用率的比较[J].体育科学，2001,21（4）:75-80.
[160]郑念军.田径、举重运动员下肢反应力量能力探析[J].山东体育学院学报，2005,21(3):1-5
[161]彭春政，危小焰．全身振动刺激对肌肉力量和力学性能影响的实验研究［J］．中国体育科技，2003，39(6):26-29．
[162]卢祖能，曾庆杏，李承晏，等.实用肌电图学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社，2000:5
[163]田石榴.负重超等长力量训练的神经肌肉适应机制研究[A].第九届全国生物力学学术会议论文摘要汇编：137-138
[164]KNAFLITZ M, MERLETTI R, DE LUCA CJ. Inference of motor unitrecruitment order in voluntary and electrically elicited contractions[J]. JAppl Physiol,1990,68(4):1657-67
[165]ALMEIDA-SILVEIRA MI, PéROT C, GOUBEL F. Neuromuscularadaptations in rats trained by muscle stretch-shortening[J]. Eur J ApplPhysiol,1996,72:261-266.
[166]ROSS A, LEVERITT M, STEPHAN R. Neural Influences On SprintRunning-Training Adaptation And Acute Responses[J]. Sports Med,2001,31(6):409-425.
[167]CARP JS， WOLPAW JR. Motoneuron plasticity underlying operantlyconditioned decrease in primate H-reflex[J]. J Neurophysiol，1994，72(1)：431-42.
[168]NIELSEN J, KAGAMIHARA Y. The regulation of presynapticinhibition during co-contraction of antagonistic muscles in man[J]. JPhysiol1993;464:575-93
[169]MARTIN BJ, ROLL JP, GAUTHIER GM. Inhibitory effects ofcombined agonist and antagonist muscle vibration on H-reflex in man[J].Aviat Space Environ Med.1986，57(7):681-7.
[170]Pérot C, Goubel F, Mora I. Quantification of T-and H-responses beforeand after a period of endurance training[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol,1991,63:368-375
[171]KOCEJA DM, KAMEN G. Conditioned patella tendon reflexes in sprintand endurance trained athletes[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc1988,20(2):172-7
[172]王步标，华明.运动生理学[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2006,：10
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |