基于嵌入式Web的远程监控系统的研究与实现
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摘要
随着计算机和网络技术的高速发展,远程监控技术迅速崛起。基于嵌入式Web的远程监控为监控系统的网络化、小型化提供了有效途径,嵌入式监控已成为监控系统未来发展的重点方向之一。本文设计实现了一个适合于无人值守机房、仓库、实验室等场所的远程智能监控系统。
本文设计的系统具有环境参量监测、设备控制、智能报警、视频监控等功能。它由监控站点、嵌入式Web服务器和远端监控客户端三部分构成。具体研究了应用嵌入式Web服务器进行远程监控的关键技术,主要内容可以分为以下7个部分:
首先,对应用于监控的各种传感器技术进行研究,设计了监控站点,用AT89S51单片机实现了对现场环境参量数据的实时采集和对设备的控制。实时采集的环境参量,包括环境温度、湿度、烟雾度等;设备的控制主要是指对空调,设备电源的控制。
在基于ARM的嵌入式平台上构建了Web服务器,选用微控制器为S3C2410集成开发板为硬件平台,嵌入式Linux操作系统为软件平台,系统实现了B/S(Browser/sever)结构,远程监控客户端通过IE浏览器访问Web服务器,通过Web页面可以看到现场的各种环境参量数据和视频画面,并可发出命令控制现场设备。Web服务器对从监控站点传送来的数据进行分析、处理,如果发现相关数据超出用户设定门限、数据异常,则在监控站点和远程客户端发出相应报警信号。
监控站点通过RS485串口与嵌入式Web服务器相连。通过对Linux系统下设备驱动原理和应用程序开发技术的研究,设计了Web服务器与监控站点基于RS485的串口通信程序,从而实现了监控站点与嵌入式Web服务器的数据通信。
在Web服务器端移植了SQLite嵌入式数据库,研究了CGI与SQLite数据库连接的原理和方法,实现了现场数据的的快速存取与Web页面数据的实时更新。
在嵌入式Web服务器的基础上,设计实现了远程视频监控功能。系统配置驱动USB摄像头,通过对Linux下Spcaserv流媒体服务器的深入研究,将其移植到在Web服务器端,实现了视频数据的实时采集和网络传输。同时,在Web页面上嵌入Java Applet程序,远程监控客户端安装JRE平台,用户通过IE浏览器就可以看到视频画面。
本文对Spcaserv流媒体服务器进行了改进,实现了视频数据的UDP传输,解决了TCP在实际执行的过程中占用大量的系统开销,影响传输速度的问题。
最后,对视频图像中运动目标的检测技术进行了研究,在扩展系统的智能性上进行了一次探索,提出了一种运动目标检测新算法,当有运动目标进入监控视场时,系统发出报警信号,并自动保存有运动目标的图像。
本文实现的系统已用于对学校网络中心机房的监控,系统能稳定,准确地运行,达到了较好的效果。
With the rapid development of computer and communication technology, remote monitoring technology grows up rapidly. By virtue of effective way which is provided by remote monitoring system based on embedded Web server, embedded control network monitoring system has been became one of the focuses of future development direction. In this paper, a remote intelligent monitoring system was designed and implemented which is suitable for unattended computer rooms, storage, laboratories, and other places.
The system has the function of the environment monitoring, equipment control, intelligent alarm, video monitoring and so on. It is consisted of monitoring sites, embedded Web server and remote monitoring console. We study the key technologies of embedded Web server for remote monitoring specificly. The main content can be divided into seven parts as follows.
Firstly, a monitoring site was designed through the research of the various sensors. Function of the real-time data collected and equipment controled was implemented by AT89S51 on the spot. The data collected include the environmental temperature, humidity, and so on; Equipment control mainly refers to air-conditioning and power of equipment contrl.
By using the ARM platform, web server was bulided. The CPU of the hardware platform choose microcontrollers S3C2410, and choose the embedded Linux operating system as software platform, the system of B/S (Browser/server) structure was achieved, and it colletcts various environmental data and video data which can be displayed to remote users through the Web browser. Besides, the user can send the command to control the remote equipments on the Web page. Web server collected and processed the date from the monitoring site, and then it would give a corresponding alarm signal on the monitoring site and remote client, when the data was beyond the user-defined threshold or data anomalies.
Monitoring sites and embedded Web server was connected through the RS485 serial port. By the research of the structure of the Linux operating system and the application procedure, a user programme is achieved, which it achive communication between Web server and monitoring site by the RS485 serial.
The embedded database SQLite was transplanted into the web server. The principle and method of SQLite database and CGI were introduced. The data access rapidly and the refresh data on the web homepage were achieved.
On the base of embeded web server, we designed and realized video monitering by the remote internet. The collecting and transmitting video date from USB camera were realized real-timely, by configure USB camera, and transited Spcaserv into embedded system afrer researched deeply spceserv streaming media server in Linux. Besides, we embeded the Java program to the web homepage, and client real-timely remote video monitoring by IE browser was realized, if installed the JRE platform to client.
The spcaserv streaming media server was improved with UDP, and it slove the problem that source of system was occupation largely and the slow speed of transmission during the the actual implementation of system.
Finally, the moving target detection technology of the video image was researched, and then system was improved by advance a new moving target detection algorithm. When moving target appeared in the monitoring scope, the system would send alarm sigals to client and store picture into the flash automaticly.
The monitoring system has been used to the school network Centre Room; the system can run stably, operate accurately. The result of monitoring is fine.
本文设计的系统具有环境参量监测、设备控制、智能报警、视频监控等功能。它由监控站点、嵌入式Web服务器和远端监控客户端三部分构成。具体研究了应用嵌入式Web服务器进行远程监控的关键技术,主要内容可以分为以下7个部分:
首先,对应用于监控的各种传感器技术进行研究,设计了监控站点,用AT89S51单片机实现了对现场环境参量数据的实时采集和对设备的控制。实时采集的环境参量,包括环境温度、湿度、烟雾度等;设备的控制主要是指对空调,设备电源的控制。
在基于ARM的嵌入式平台上构建了Web服务器,选用微控制器为S3C2410集成开发板为硬件平台,嵌入式Linux操作系统为软件平台,系统实现了B/S(Browser/sever)结构,远程监控客户端通过IE浏览器访问Web服务器,通过Web页面可以看到现场的各种环境参量数据和视频画面,并可发出命令控制现场设备。Web服务器对从监控站点传送来的数据进行分析、处理,如果发现相关数据超出用户设定门限、数据异常,则在监控站点和远程客户端发出相应报警信号。
监控站点通过RS485串口与嵌入式Web服务器相连。通过对Linux系统下设备驱动原理和应用程序开发技术的研究,设计了Web服务器与监控站点基于RS485的串口通信程序,从而实现了监控站点与嵌入式Web服务器的数据通信。
在Web服务器端移植了SQLite嵌入式数据库,研究了CGI与SQLite数据库连接的原理和方法,实现了现场数据的的快速存取与Web页面数据的实时更新。
在嵌入式Web服务器的基础上,设计实现了远程视频监控功能。系统配置驱动USB摄像头,通过对Linux下Spcaserv流媒体服务器的深入研究,将其移植到在Web服务器端,实现了视频数据的实时采集和网络传输。同时,在Web页面上嵌入Java Applet程序,远程监控客户端安装JRE平台,用户通过IE浏览器就可以看到视频画面。
本文对Spcaserv流媒体服务器进行了改进,实现了视频数据的UDP传输,解决了TCP在实际执行的过程中占用大量的系统开销,影响传输速度的问题。
最后,对视频图像中运动目标的检测技术进行了研究,在扩展系统的智能性上进行了一次探索,提出了一种运动目标检测新算法,当有运动目标进入监控视场时,系统发出报警信号,并自动保存有运动目标的图像。
本文实现的系统已用于对学校网络中心机房的监控,系统能稳定,准确地运行,达到了较好的效果。
With the rapid development of computer and communication technology, remote monitoring technology grows up rapidly. By virtue of effective way which is provided by remote monitoring system based on embedded Web server, embedded control network monitoring system has been became one of the focuses of future development direction. In this paper, a remote intelligent monitoring system was designed and implemented which is suitable for unattended computer rooms, storage, laboratories, and other places.
The system has the function of the environment monitoring, equipment control, intelligent alarm, video monitoring and so on. It is consisted of monitoring sites, embedded Web server and remote monitoring console. We study the key technologies of embedded Web server for remote monitoring specificly. The main content can be divided into seven parts as follows.
Firstly, a monitoring site was designed through the research of the various sensors. Function of the real-time data collected and equipment controled was implemented by AT89S51 on the spot. The data collected include the environmental temperature, humidity, and so on; Equipment control mainly refers to air-conditioning and power of equipment contrl.
By using the ARM platform, web server was bulided. The CPU of the hardware platform choose microcontrollers S3C2410, and choose the embedded Linux operating system as software platform, the system of B/S (Browser/server) structure was achieved, and it colletcts various environmental data and video data which can be displayed to remote users through the Web browser. Besides, the user can send the command to control the remote equipments on the Web page. Web server collected and processed the date from the monitoring site, and then it would give a corresponding alarm signal on the monitoring site and remote client, when the data was beyond the user-defined threshold or data anomalies.
Monitoring sites and embedded Web server was connected through the RS485 serial port. By the research of the structure of the Linux operating system and the application procedure, a user programme is achieved, which it achive communication between Web server and monitoring site by the RS485 serial.
The embedded database SQLite was transplanted into the web server. The principle and method of SQLite database and CGI were introduced. The data access rapidly and the refresh data on the web homepage were achieved.
On the base of embeded web server, we designed and realized video monitering by the remote internet. The collecting and transmitting video date from USB camera were realized real-timely, by configure USB camera, and transited Spcaserv into embedded system afrer researched deeply spceserv streaming media server in Linux. Besides, we embeded the Java program to the web homepage, and client real-timely remote video monitoring by IE browser was realized, if installed the JRE platform to client.
The spcaserv streaming media server was improved with UDP, and it slove the problem that source of system was occupation largely and the slow speed of transmission during the the actual implementation of system.
Finally, the moving target detection technology of the video image was researched, and then system was improved by advance a new moving target detection algorithm. When moving target appeared in the monitoring scope, the system would send alarm sigals to client and store picture into the flash automaticly.
The monitoring system has been used to the school network Centre Room; the system can run stably, operate accurately. The result of monitoring is fine.
引文
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[2] Aacck W,Szyrnensky . Embedded Internet Technology in Process Control Device [J].IEEE.2004,(9):35-37.
[3] Williams T.Designers looking for the road to distributed real-time systems [J].Computer Design,2003,9:81-83 .
[4] 李善平,刘文峰,王焕龙等.Linux 与嵌入式系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003:75-90.
[5] 付保川,班建民,陆卫忠,刘文亮.基于嵌入式 Web 的远程监控系统设计[J].微计算机信息,2005 ,21 (7-2 ):58-60.
[6] 杨叔子,史铁林,李东晓.分布式监测诊断系统的开发与设计[J].振动、测试与诊断,1997,17(l):l-6.
[7] Ohan Sakinnan.Integrate Internet Solutions into Your Energy Management Network.IEEE. 3,1998:18-20.
[8] Martin Wojcik,Ganesh Ranganathan.Ethernet and the web gang up process monitoring and control.ISA:InTech, 2000,9:23-30.
[9] Gadi Kaplan.Ethernet’s winning ways[J].IEEE Spectrum,2001,1:113-115.
[10] 叶朝辉,杨士儿.智能家居网络研究综述[J].计算机应用研究,2001,18(9):1-6.
[11] 寇向晖.基于嵌入式 Internet 的远程监控系统的设计[D].重庆:西南石油大学,2006.
[12] jre-6u3-windows-i586-p-s.exe[EB/OL].http://www.java.com/en/download/manual.jsp.
[13] Advantages for Remote Temperature Sensing [EB/OL].http://www.maxim-ic.com ,2002-5.
[14] 李玉林.CHTM-02/N 系列温湿度传感器说明书,广州博臣科技, 2002.10.
[15] Maxim 公司.MAX144/MAX145 芯片手册,USA,2005.
[16] 火灾报警器 SS-168 烟雾探测器说明书,深圳市朗鑫安防科技有限公司,2007.
[17] Maxim 公司,MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX 1487E 芯片手册,USA,1996.
[18] Fairchild Semiconductor 公司,6N137 芯片手册,2005,7.
[19] 孙纪坤,张小全.嵌入式 Linux 系统开发技术详解[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006:75-107.
[20] 罗苑棠,杨宗德.嵌入式 Linux 应用系统开发实例精讲[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007:343-345.
[21] 华清远见嵌入式培训中心.嵌入式 Linux C 语言应用程序设计[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2007:91-92.
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